1501-1722

Safavid Empire

Founded by Safavids, a religious brotherhoodBecame stronger through the

centuries by attracting warlords and through marriages

15th century – became more aggressiveOttomans outlawed them

Declared Independence under Shah Ismail

Origins

Founder of EmpireDeclared Shi’ite

official religionReigned 1501-1524Believed to be

related to Prophet Muhammad

Shah Ismail

Forced Conversion of those living in the area

Brought in Shi’ite scholars to promote a religious elite

Gave money to Shi’ite schools

Persecution

Replaced importance of the Hajj

Creating a Theocracy

ShahLanded Classes, Bureaucracy

Common People

Political Life

•Appointments Based on Merit•Hired foreigners for positions in government

1588-1629Ruled during its high

pointUsed Muskets and

Artillery to fight OttomansGained land, but only

temporarilyGave greatly to the artsHowever, also locked

up his family

Shah Abbas, "The Great"

Rich on growing tradePainting, metal work, carpets, silks,

glassIsfahan – capital city

Became one of the world’s most elegant cities

Cultural Life

Isfahan

Carpets

Ottoman threat declinedDecreased effectiveness of the

militaryLost Territory

Corruption

Power passed to ulema – proclaimed Islamic Republic

Decline of the Safavids

1726 – Afghan group destroys ruling dynasty200 centuries of decay

1921 – Reza Khan seized control proclaimed ShahOil wealthCorruption

1979 – Ayatollahs under Ayatollah Khomeini take control

After the Empire