Spring 2013 59

NEW BOOKS Coming in Oilfield Review

Multistage Stimulation. Liquid-rich shales are delivering on their early promise as high-volume sources of new oil. But these ultralow-permeability formations can be accessed and produced only by stimulating many intervals along lengthy horizontal wellbores. New multistage stimulation technology allows operators to improve comple-tion efficiency even as they drill longer wells and the number of intervals to be treated increases accordingly.

Routine Core Analysis. The nature of subsurface exploration forces oil and gas companies to investigate each reservoir remotely, primarily through well logs, seismic surveys and well tests. Cores, however, provide operators with physical samples of rock and fluids that can be measured directly to yield valuable information. Careful testing and analysis of these samples allow operators to determine whether the rock contains fluid-filled pores, whether those pores contain hydro-carbons, and if so, whether those hydrocarbons can be produced. The process of routine core analysis helps answer these questions and more.

Workflow Software for Stimulations and Completions. Schlumberger engineers have created workflow software for designing, simulating and analyzing hydraulic fracture stimulations and comple-tions. A completion advisor tool enables a systematic, engineering design approach that improves stim-ulation effectiveness and increases well production. Advances in hydrau-lic fracture simulation software enable integrated fracture design and evaluation. The workflow allows completion engineers to close the completion design loop, from reser-voir characterization to stimulation plan, monitoring and calibration and, finally, production evaluation.

Lynn Margulis: The Life and Legacy of a Scientific RebelDorion Sagan (ed)Chelsea Green85 North Main Street, Suite 120White River Junction, Vermont 05001 USA2012. 224 pages. US$ 27.95 ISBN 978-1-603-58446-3

Lynn Margulis, who passed away in 2011, was best known for her work on the origins of eukaryotic cells, the Gaia hypothesis and symbiogenesis as a driving force in evolution. This collec-tion of essays about her, edited by her son and collaborator, reveals her life and legacy through descriptions of her scientific collaborations and the application of her intellectual energy and interests.

Contents:

Tale of Tales; Erudition; As Above, So Below; On Lynn from a Close Friend and Colleague; Gaia Is Not an Organism: Scenes from the Early Scientific Collaboration Between Lynn Margulis and James Lovelock

The Passionate Lynn Margulis; Lynn Margulis and Stephen Jay Gould; Too Fantastic for Polite Society: A Brief History of Symbiosis Theory; Kingdoms and Domains: At Work on the Linnaean Task; The Battle of Balliol; Science, Music, Philosophy: Margulis at Oxford; Neo-Darwinism and the Group Selection Controversy

Sippewissett Time Slip; The Cultural Dimensions of Lynn Margulis’s Science; Lynn Margulis on Spirituality and Process Philosophy; A Ferocious Intelligence; Fishermen in the Maelstrom: Big History, Symbiosis, and Lynn Margulis as a Modern-Day Copernicus

Gaiadelic: Lynn Sagan and LSD; Two Hit, Three Down—The Biggest Lie: David Ray Griffin’s Work Exposing 9/11; No Subject Too

Sacred; Next to Emily Dickinson; Jokin’ in the Girls’ Room; An Education; There Should Be Other Prizes; With Love and Squalor

. . . this is a captivating read for anyone interested in what powers great scientists.

Publishers Weekly

In this thoughtful and expertly curated collection, Margulis’s son and long-time collaborator, Dorion Sagan, calls her ‘indomitable Lynn.’ . . . In other essays, Margulis’s complex personality beguiles, frus-trates, charms, and elevates various writers, resulting in a stunning portrait that no single remembrance could have captured. . . . Taken as a whole, Sagan’s collection is a fitting tribute to a woman whose life and legacy have touched so many others.

ForeWord Reviews

https://www.foreword

reviews.com/reviews/lynn-margulis/ (accessed

January 11, 2013).

The Million Death Quake: The Science of Predicting Earth’s Deadliest Natural DisasterRoger MussonPalgrave Macmillan Ltd,a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC175 Fifth AvenueNew York, New York 10010 USA2012. 272 pages. US$ 27.00

Seismologist Roger Musson describes the tectonic forces driving earthquakes and tsunamis and highlights locations that are vulnerable to these geologic forces. Musson also explores what scientists and engineers are doing to prepare our most populated places for future earthquakes.

Contents:

Screaming Cities; What Is an Earthquake, Anyway?; Journey to the Center of the Earth; Tracking the Unseen; How Big? How Strong?; The Wave That Shook the World

Prevention and Cure; Next Year’s Earthquakes; Twenty-Five Seconds for Bucharest; Earthquakes Don’t Kill People, Buildings Do; The Probability of Disaster; Stay Safe

. . . an excellent read presenting the levelheaded detachment of an academic expert in the entertaining guise of a popular science book.

Engineering and

Technology Magazine

. . . people with no background in Earth sciences can understand every word of it; its author is the head of seismic hazard for the British Geological Survey and writes with authority. . . .

The Guardian

Musson provides a lay-reader-friendly guide to seismology funda-mentals, from early theories about earthquake origins to the workings of contemporary plate tectonics. . . . Musson demonstrates why his exper-tise is much in demand in the wake of each new quake by keeping readers absorbed with clear explanations and colorful anecdotes about one of nature’s most calamitous forces.

Booklist Online

Lynn Margulis

The Life and Legacy of a S C I E N T I F I C R E B E L

E D I T E D BY D O R I O N S A G A N

Oilfield Review60

Seismic Imaging and Inversion: Application of Linear Inverse TheoryRobert H. Stolt and Arthur B. WegleinCambridge University Press32 Avenue of the AmericasNew York, New York 10013 USA2012. 416 pages. US$ 125.00ISBN: 978-1-107-01490-9

Intended as a resource for working geoscientists, programmers and theo-retical physicists, this book is the first volume in a proposed two-volume series. The authors present an overview of modeling, migration, imaging and inversion and the relationships between these technologies. Also included is a discussion of linear inverse scattering theory to extract information from seismic data.

Contents:

The prevailing view of imaging and inversion technologies is that they are separate and unrelated. A key contribution of this new volume is to demonstrate the relationship that exists between the two through inverse scattering theory. . . . I believe this series represents an important contri-bution to geophysical literature.

The Leading Edge

Global Environment: Water, Air, and Geochemical Cycles, Second EditionElizabeth Kay Berner and Robert A. Berner Princeton University Press41 William StreetPrinceton, New Jersey 08540 USA2012. 460 pages. US$ 85.00ISBN 978-0-691-13678-3

The updated edition of this textbook takes a global approach to geochemistry and environmental problems involving water. The new edition, which intro-duces basic concepts of meteorology, surficial geology, biogeochemistry, limnology and oceanography, is intended for students and those doing research on global geochemical and environmental issues.

Contents:

This excellent book is a compre-hensive treatment of the entire field, intended as an advanced under-graduate or early postgraduate text. With its broad scope and extensive references, it will also be useful to researchers working in the many related areas. . . . It is well organized, clearly written and presented, effec-tively illustrated, and thoroughly referenced to the primary literature. Without doubt, it will be a standard text for years to come.

The Leading Edge

Reverse Innovation: Create Far from Home, Win EverywhereVijay Govindarajan and Chris TrimbleHarvard Business Publishing60 Harvard WayBoston, Massachusetts 02163 USA2012. 256 pages. US$ 30.00

Innovation no longer travels only from developed to developing nations say the authors, who claim the concept of reverse innovation is on the rise and that implica-tions for global emerging markets are profound. The authors follow companies such as General Electric Company, Deere & Company and PepsiCo to illustrate how these corporations have used reverse innovation in emerging markets.

Contents:

The Future Is Far from Home; The Five Paths of Reverse Innovation; Changing the Mind-Set; Changing the Management Model

Logitech, and the Mouse That Roared; Procter & Gamble, Innovating the “Un-P&G” Way; EMC Corporation, Planting Seeds; Deere & Company Plows Under the Past; How Harman Changed Its Engineering Culture; GE Healthcare in the Heart of India; PepsiCo’s Brand-New Bag; Partners in Health’s Radical Model for Care; A Call to Action

. . . Vijay Govindarajan and Chris Trimble make a compelling argument for companies to not just widen their lens, but shift it to a completely different context—that of developing economies.

strategy+business

. . . a book that offers provocative insights into the quickly changing dynamics of the global economy.

The Wall

Street Journal

Solved Problems in GeophysicsElisa Buforn, Carmen Pro and Agustín UdíasCambridge University Press32 Avenue of the AmericasNew York, New York 10013 USA2012. 264 pages. US$ 50.00

The authors offer a collection of nearly 200 problems in geophysics and solve them, showing steps in the solutions, the equations and the assumptions made. The equations, which are com-monly used to solve geophysical prob-lems, are applied to a series of exercises addressing classical areas of geophysics.

Contents:

Gravity; Geomagnetism; Seismology; Heat Flow; Geochronology

Terrestrial Geoid and Ellipsoid; Earth’s Gravity Field and Potential; Gravity Anomalies, Isostasy; Tides; Gravity Observations

Main Field; Magnetic Anomalies; External Magnetic Field; Main (Internal), External, and Anomalous Magnetic Fields; Paleomagnetism

Elasticity; Wave Propagation. Potentials and Displacements; Reflection and Refraction; Ray Theory. Constant and Variable Velocity; Ray Theory. Spherical Media; Surface Waves; Focal Parameters

Heat Flow; Geochronology

Although not a textbook in its own right, it does make an excellent companion to any quality geophysics textbook, with its nearly 200 solved problems in which theory and advanced mathematics are kept to a minimum. Clear, simple explanatory figures accompany most of the prob-lems. . . . Given this reviewer’s own struggles to comprehend complex geophysical phenomena when he was a student, he would have found this book of considerable value. Highly recommended.

Choice

Spring 2013 61

Digital Wars: Apple, Google, Microsoft and the Battle for the InternetCharles ArthurKogan Page Limited1518 Walnut Street, Suite 1100Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102 USA2012. 272 pages. US$ 19.95ISBN: 978-0-7494-6413-4

In 1998, Microsoft was on the verge of becoming the highest-valued company in the world, Apple was quite small by comparison and Google a startup. In 2012, Apple was worth more than Microsoft and Google combined. This book examines what happens—starting with the 1998 antitrust case in which Microsoft was accused of abusing monopoly power on its computers— as these three technology companies wrestled to control what was evolving into the network connecting the world.

Contents:

does more than rehash familiar stories of these industry giants, instead focusing on overarching narratives complete with an accounting of the victories and losses of each. . . . is a must-read for a view of [Steve] Jobs’ doppelganger, Apple, and the other companies that waxed and waned in no small part due to his genius.

New York Journal of Books

Great Inventions That Changed the WorldJames WeiJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, New Jersey 07030 USA2012. 360 pages. US$ 49.95ISBN 978-0-470-76817-4

Inventions from the stone axe to the internet, author James Wei posits, have been spurred by basic human needs such as food, health and security. Wei examines the role of inventors and their work and the impact these creations have had on society, our lives and the environment. The book looks at how inventions have not only solved prob-lems but also created problems such as climate change and bioterrorism.

Contents:

Inventors and Inventions; Innovation, Development, Diffusion; Changing the World

Tools and Methods; Energy and Power; Materials

Food, Clothes, and House: Food; Clothes; House

Prevention; Diagnostics; Therapy; Reproduction

Natural Threats; Economic Threats; Human Violence: War

Land Transportation; Water Transportation; Air and Space Transportation

Observation; Records; Communication; Information Tools

Party and Play; Luxury; Arts

Future Needs and Opportunities; Future Sources of Inventions

James Wei . . . has written a remark-able and wide ranging work that spans human development from the stone age to the computer age. Every page contains information that made me admire the breadth and depth of his knowledge. . . . undoubtedly a major work that is nothing less than superb.

Chemistry

World

Henri Poincaré: A Scientific BiographyJeremy GrayPrinceton University Press41 William StreetPrinceton, New Jersey 08540 USA2013. 616 pages. US$ 35.00

Math historian Jeremy Gray explores the life of Henri Poincaré, whose theorem about the characterization of a 3D sphere remained unsolved for nearly 100 years. The author looks at Poincaré’s accomplishments in math-ematics, physics and the philosophy of science as well as the debates sparked by his investigations and the impact his discoveries have had on society.

Contents:

Views of Poincaré; Poincaré’s Way of Thinking

Poincaré and the Three Body Problem; Poincaré’s Popular Essays; Paris Celebrates the New Century; Science, Hypothesis, Value; Poincaré and Projective Geometry; Poincaré’s Popular Writings on Physics; The Future of Mathematics; Poincaré Among the Logicians; Poincaré’s Defenses of Science

Childhood, Schooling; The Ecole Polytechnique; The Ecole des Mines; Academic Life; The Dreyfus Affair; National Spokesman; Contemporary Technology; International Representative; The Nobel Prize; 1911, 1912; Remembering Poincaré

The Competition; Fuchs, Schwarz, Klein, and Automorphic Functions; Uniformization, 1882 to 1907

Flows on Surfaces; Stability Questions; Poincaré’s Essay and Its Supplements;

Poincaré Returns

Rotating Fluid Masses

Theories of Electricity Before Poincaré: Maxwell; Poincaré’s Electricité et Optique, 1890; Larmor and Lorentz: The

Electron and the Ether; Poincaré on Hertz and Lorentz; St. Louis, 1904; The Dynamics of the Electron; Poincaré and Einstein; Early Quantum Theory

Function Theory of a Single Variable; Function Theory of Several Variables; Poincaré’s Approach to Potential Theory; The in Göttingen, 1909

Topology Before Poincaré; Poincaré’s Work, 1895 to 1905

Number Theory; Lie Theory; Algebraic Geometry

Thermodynamics; Probability

Poincaré: Idealist, Skeptic, or Structural Realist?

Elliptic and Abelian Functions; Maxwell’s Equations; Glossary

. . . Jeremy Gray’s biography stands out because it is so long, drenched in mathematical and biblio-graphical detail, and offers several chronologies from diverse disciplin-ary perspectives. . . . It is a compre-hensive but uncluttered guide to Poincaré’s extensive oeuvres that is technical, even though it omits techni-calities, and deep, even though it raises more questions than it answers.

Science Magazine

It would be petty to find faults in a work of this caliber, but some reference to Louis Bachelier would have been welcome. He was the visionary of the Black–Scholes options pricing formula of modern financial theory . . . and one of Poincaré’s handful of doctoral students.

On the whole, however, this book is an achievement in its own right. Gray keeps the tone light and embeds each of the equations in explanatory text. . . . Fortunately, Gray also tells it like it was, warts and all.

Nature

Oilfield Review62

Earthmasters: The Dawn of the Age of Climate EngineeringClive Hamilton Yale University Press302 Temple StreetNew Haven, Connecticut 06511 USA2013. 264 pages. US$ 28.00ISBN 978-0-300-18667-3

Giving arguments both for and against climate engineering, the author explores the technologies being devel-oped in the field of geoengineering—the manipulation of Earth’s climate systems to address the effects of greenhouse gas emissions. The author also discusses the interests that link researchers, venture capitalists and corporations and explores the public’s discomfort with the concept of geoengineering.

Contents:

Clive Hamilton . . . provides a thorough, frank and, at times, chilling account of the technologies, the key players, ethical implications, poten-tial benefits and disturbing risks.

Engineering and

Technology Magazine

Hamilton has put together a smart, timely book. In places it has a philosophical detachment but overall it is more an activist’s work, a kind of soft polemic.

I doubt that he will win over many of geo-engineering’s adherents because he gives his own arguments the benefit of the doubt rather more than theirs.

Times Higher

Education

Atmosphere, Clouds, and ClimateDavid RandallPrinceton University Press41 William StreetPrinceton, New Jersey 08540 USA2012. 288 pages. US$ 75.00ISBN: 978-0-691-14374-3

The author, a professor of atmospheric science, gives an overview of atmo-spheric processes, how they work and how phase changes of water influence weather and climate. One in the series of Princeton Primers in Climate, this book is intended for students, research-ers and those with an interest in the Earth’s climate.

Contents:

This small-format book is short . . . and called a primer. This should not be taken to suggest that it is some form of ‘Climate change for dummies’—the physics is rigorous . . . and as with the atmosphere, many of the physical concepts are complex and often counter-intuitive. The book . . . assumes no background in atmospheric physics. . . . [T]his primer does exactly what it sets out to do—provide a concise but rigorous introduction to a complex subject that affects us all on all scales.

The Leading Edge

. . . Randall provides readers with an impressively thorough conceptual understanding of the atmosphere’s central role in climate.

Science Magazine

Interop: The Promise and Perils of Highly Interconnected SystemsJohn Palfrey and Urs GasserBasic Books, a member ofThe Perseus Books Group387 Park Avenue SouthNew York, New York 10016 USA2012. 304 pages. US$ 28.99

Technology experts John Palfrey and Urs Gasser explore the importance of standardization and interoperability as our world becomes more connected and show how the concept of interoperabil-ity is a critical component of any successful system. The authors also consider the negative effects of interop-erability but argue that despite the inherent negatives, global technology integration and innovation can flourish with a stable foundation of interoperability.

Contents:

The Technology and Data Layers; The Human and Institutional Layers

Consumer Empowerment; Privacy and Security; Competition and Uniformity; Innovation; Systemic Efficiencies; Complexity

Getting to Interop; Legal Interop; Interop by Design: The Case of Health Care IT; Interop over Time: Preservation of Knowledge; Architectures of the Future: Building a Better World; Conclusion: The Payoff of Interop as Theory

will serve as a construc-tive and motivating resource for policymakers, citizens, and practitio-ners interested in the outcome of

emerging, hyperconnected areas such as smart-grid energy infrastructures, cloud computing, and eHealth sys-tems or in ensuring our ability to preserve digitally stored culture and knowledge for generations to come.

Science

Palfrey and Gasser have a record of taking up a concept early and writing about it accessibly and informatively. . . . [They] are at their best when discussing how regulation and legislation can promote interop-erability. . . . This issue, the authors stress, is not about making systems the same, but about maintaining diversity while identifying key areas of contact: an important point well made.

Nature