s anctuary, v illage & s tronghold the culture of cities monday, september 12/2005 sosc 2730
TRANSCRIPT
SSanctuary, anctuary, VVillage & illage & SStrongholdtronghold
The Culture of CitiesThe Culture of Cities
Monday, September 12/2005Monday, September 12/2005
SOSC 2730SOSC 2730
TextbookTextbook
• start readingstart reading–Chapters 1 & 2Chapters 1 & 2
Front Street, TorontoFront Street, Toronto
• how did Front Street get its how did Front Street get its name?name?
Why Study Cities?Why Study Cities?
• we live in an urban culturewe live in an urban culture
• understand more about understand more about ourselvesourselves
Importance of History?Importance of History?
• understand contextunderstand context
• modern cities built on what modern cities built on what has preceded themhas preceded them
Selected CivilizationsSelected Civilizations
Selected CivilizationsSelected Civilizations
Selected CivilizationsSelected Civilizations
CivilizationCivilization
• city settlementcity settlement
• labour specializationlabour specialization
• concentration of surplusesconcentration of surpluses
• class structureclass structure
• state organizationstate organization
CivilizationCivilization
• monumental public worksmonumental public works• standardized monumental standardized monumental
artworkartwork• long-distance tradelong-distance trade• writingwriting• arithmetic, geometry, arithmetic, geometry,
astronomyastronomy
Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution
• domestication of plants & domestication of plants & livestocklivestock
• 10,000 years ago (8,000 BC)10,000 years ago (8,000 BC)
• surplusessurpluses
• where?where?
Storage & ProtectionStorage & Protection
• sheltersshelters
• wallswalls
MovementMovement
• settled lifestylesettled lifestyle
• tradetrade
Way of LifeWay of Life
• nomadic nomadic ––>––> settled settled
MesopotamiaMesopotamia
• ““between the rivers”between the rivers”
• cradle of civilizationcradle of civilization–or at least Modern (Western) or at least Modern (Western)
civilizationcivilization
Uruk Period:Uruk Period:4000-3100 BC4000-3100 BC
• first real citiesfirst real cities
• monumental architecturemonumental architecture
• economic specializationeconomic specialization
• writing writing ––>––> cuneiform cuneiform
Sumerian Civilization:Sumerian Civilization:3100-2350 BC3100-2350 BC
• 13 independent city-states13 independent city-states• monumental architecture such as monumental architecture such as
zigguratsziggurats• specialization –– potter's wheel, specialization –– potter's wheel,
metallurgymetallurgy• social hierarchysocial hierarchy• writing writing ––> ––> cuneiformcuneiform• intensive agriculture –– irrigation intensive agriculture –– irrigation
canalscanals
Indigenous Empire Period:Indigenous Empire Period:2350-323 BC2350-323 BC
• AkkadianAkkadian 2334-2112 BC2334-2112 BC
• UrUr 2112-1990 BC2112-1990 BC
• Old BabylonOld Babylon 1990-1350 BC1990-1350 BC
• AssyrianAssyrian 1350-600 BC1350-600 BC
• New BabylonNew Babylon 600-539 BC600-539 BC
• PersianPersian 539-323 BC539-323 BC
New OrleansNew Orleans
• Katrina’s aftermathKatrina’s aftermath
• rebuild New Orleans?rebuild New Orleans?