russia/ soviet union
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Russia/ SOVIET UNION. Russia 900-1917 Soviet Union (USSR) 1917-1991 Russia 1991-present. Communism. A system where the government controls all the factories, farmland, jobs, healthcare – basically everything . The symbol for it is the Hammer (factory workers) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Russia/ SOVIET UNION
Russia 900-1917 Soviet Union (USSR) 1917-1991
Russia 1991-present
Communism A system where
the government controls all the factories, farmland, jobs, healthcare – basically everything
The symbol for it is the
Hammer (factory workers)
and the Sickle (farmers)
Their slogan is “workers of the
world unite together to overthrow capitalism”
Gulags (prisons, labor/concentration camps)
in Siberia
Romanov Tsars: Tsars are the
kings of Russia
Romanov is the royal family of Russia
Romanov Dynasty ruled Russia for 300 years
1. Look at source 2 on p. 99 - How many different people groups lived in Russia?2. List 3 characteristics of the peasants and the country side (p.100)3. List 3 characteristics of the Aristocracy4. List 3 characteristics of people living in the city (p.101)5. Who were the Capitalists?6. The Czar ruled Russia as an autocracy - what does that mean? (p.102)7. List 3 facts about Karl Marx and marxist theory (in the margin on p. 103)8. So, do you think people wanted to overthrow the Tsar?
9. What do you think the Tsar’s police were always looking for?
The Last Russian TsarTsar Nicolas
Romonov IIHis daughter
Anastasia
Grigori Rasputin
Peasants (poor landless farmers) : made up 80% of the Russian population
City/factory workers: made up 18% of the population
Aristocracy: rich landowners who owned most of the land 1%
Government workers including secret police 1%
Karl Marx writer of the bookCommunist Manifesto
Karl Marx German political writer 1818-1883 Disgusted by the living and working
conditions of the poor factory workers Writer of a book entitled the
“Communist Manifesto” Ideas included: throughout history there
have been class struggles between the rich (bourgeoisie) and the workers (proletariat)
said that the rich would always use capitalism to influence lawmakers to write laws to stay in power
Said that the PROLETARIAT (workers) of the world need to unite together and have a revolution to overthrow capitalism
COMMUNISM will one DAY overthrow Capitalism!!!
The communist leaders would then set up a “communist” system where all private ownership would be abolished
All factories and farmland would be owned by the state (government) or in common
In this system everyone would have a job, adequate housing, healthcare, access to education, in essence be equal
Assignment: on the back of the
question sheet copy these vocabulary words and answer the 3 questions
Autocracy (Autocrat): Rule by one person
Okhrana: The Tsar’s secret police
Proletariat(workers): factory workers and poor
farmers Bourgeoisie: the wealthier
people making good money
Bolsheviks: communists revolutionaries that were with Vladimir Lenin
Soviets: groups of communist workers that organized protests in major cities around Russia
1. Why might Russians not like the Tsar and his form of government?
2. What kinds of people do you think the Okhrana were looking for?
2. Why might Russian peasants and factory workers like the Bolsheviks?
3. What Russians wouldn’t like the Bolsheviks?
Closure: Complete these sentences
1. An Autocracy ________________2. The proletariat were the _________3. The bourgeoisie were the ________4. Karl Marx ________5. Vladimir Lenin __________6. The Bolsheviks ________7. Soviets________8. Tsar Nicolas Romanov II __________
Vladimir LENIN: leader of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution brought Communism to Russia - The country then
became the Soviet Union
1. what was Bloody Sunday? (p. 104)
2. How did the Tsar survive?
3. look at the graphic on page 110 and explain 4 reasons that the Tsar did not survive the 1917 Revolution
4. Read 'An analysis of the Bolshevik Revolution' on p. 115 and explain why the Bolsheviks took control of Russia
What happened to Lenin’s older brother?
What book influenced his life? Why do you think he got sent to
prison in Siberia?Who were the Bolsheviks?What happened to the Czar (Tsar
Nicolas II) ?What did Lenin and the Bolsheviks do
in November of 1917?What did they name this new
country?Russia was then in a civil war – who
do you think were the 2 sides?
COMMUNISM workers of the world unite to
overthrow capitalism Communism: A system of government that
controls all the farmland, all the stores, restaurants, the hospitals, schools, housing, etc.
No one is homeless, no one is unemployed, no one is without healthcare but no one can own a business so no one is rich
Dictionary definition: a system of social organization (or government) in which all economic and social activity is controlled by a totalitarian state dominated by a single political party
WHY CAPITALISTS HATE COMMUNISM They are going to take away people’s private
property (wealth) Businesses restaurants, land, houses, etc.– take away your opportunity to become rich
Give a man a fish and he eats for a day
Teach a man to fish and he’ll eat for a lifetime
Capitalism Is an economic
system where the private individuals control the land, business and industry
Thereby making profit
Proletariat(workers):
factory workers and poor farmers
Bourgeoisie: the capitalists – people making money
1.Under the Romanov tsars did Russia have a democracy or dictatorship?
2. Why do dictators have so many secret police and spies?
3. What is Siberia known for? 4. What is the % breakdown of the Russian
population people groups for this time period?
5. what are Revolutionaries? 6. what happens in a Revolution? 7. What do you think is going to happen to
Tsar Nicolas the II? 8. Who killed the Romanov royal family?
Finish these sentences
Things that Russia is known for are…A Tsar is …A gulag in Siberia….The Bolsheviks…Karl Marx…Communism…The proletariat…Vladimir Lenin…Capitalism …Communism….
Capitalism Communism (socialism)
Individuals (private citizens) own the companies i.e. people own Apple, Facebook, Nike, Coca Cola, Southwest Airlines, McDonalds, apartment complexes, thousands of acres of farmland, basically everything
Private individuals own the housing so people have to pay rent or buy
Private citizens own the hospitals or insurance companies so you have to pay for healthcare
Many schools are private - Harvard, Stanford, Brophy so students have to pay thousands in tuition
Banks loan money so you can borrow “capital” to start your own business and make millions
Critics say the rich influence lawmakers to stay rich
Capitalism There are Winners (rich) Losers (poor)
Probably not fair – but still almost anyone can work hard and do well
Think of all the choices in the cereal aisle in an American grocery store –
in a communist country (Cuba) there might be only white boxes that read “Corn Flakes”
The Government controls all the land, mining, transportation, factories, restaurants, hotels, - everything
workers work for the government Government owns all housing so no one
is homeless Government owns all the hospitals – free
healthcare Government controls all schools – free
tuition No banks, no advertising, no
commercials because no one is trying to become rich
you can’t own your own company and then create a chain of stores to become rich
No one is motivated to become rich so they don’t make thousands of stores – so there aren’t lots of things to buy
Communism- Everyone is Equal. Equally Poor
Criticism: In communism the government controls everything including the media so it can lie, propagandize and control what people see and hear through the media
Also, with no competition it doesn’t have to make a good product because there is no other choice – so communist countries are not known for making good products
1. What kinds of people might like the Communism?
2. Who would hate communism? 3. What is bad about capitalism? 4. What is good about communism?5. True or false – rich landlord farmers controlled
thousands of acres of land and millions of peasants did not own their own land
6. Why might landless peasant farmers like the idea of communism?
7. What could be bad about communism?
How do farmers get paid in a capitalistic country?
How would farmers in a communistic country get paid?
Stores Capitalist country Communist country
(Cuba)
There was little demand for Russian goods
Think of different companies that compete against each other
My example:
What makes each of them try to make a good product
1.What are some problems with communism in general (what sucks about it)?
2. Think of countries that had communism (USSR, China, Cuba, and North Korea) what are some specific things that sucked about living in those countries under communism?
3. What happened to writers or vocal people who openly criticized communism or the communist government?
4. What would happen if a small group of 100 people protested for change in these countries?
5. What might happen if 100,000 people did a demonstration for change in these countries?
6. Why did communist governments have a censored controlled media (newspapers, radio, and TV)?
7. What do you think happened in communist countries where they relaxed censorship and allowed people to watch the news, TV and movies from non-communist countries?
Closing Activity: complete these sentences
A gulag in Siberia….The Bolsheviks…Karl Marx…Communism…Vladimir Lenin…Capitalism …A criticism of Capitalism is ….In a comunist country the media…A criticism of Communism is ….Communism pretty much died because….
Vladimir LENIN: leader of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution brought Communism to Russia - The country then
became the Soviet Union
Bolshevik slogan“Peace, land and bread”
What happened to Lenin’s brother? What book did Lenin read that influenced
him? Why do you think that he was sent to
Siberia? What year was Tsar Nicolas forced to give
up his throne? Who do you think was fighting in the
Russian civil war? What was Lenin trying to do during his last
years? How long did Lenin rule? Why do you think communists from around
the world respect Lenin?
LENIN STALIN bald 1st dictator of the Soviet
Union Ruled for 5 years (1918-
1924) Smart and respected
by communists Led the overthrow and
execution of the Czar Ruled and won the
Russian Civil War 1918-1920
Secret police killed thousands and sent thousands to Siberia
Highly respected by communists around the world – thousands of statues – body embalmed and displayed in Moscow
hair 2nd dictator ruled 25 years (1928-
1953) Tricky, manipulative
and feared by all in his country
Industrialized and modernized Russia
Forced starvation on own people
Secret police killed millions sent millions to Siberia
Defeated Hitler in W.W.II
Some consider him great because he made Russia a world power
Others consider him be the most evil man in history
Finish these sentences
Some people think Stalin was good for Russia because….
Posters were everywhere in Russia because…
Collectivization is..Many farmers were killed under
Stalin because…Many people starved to death under
Stalin because…
Stalin’s purges were…
Collectivization Taking individual
family farms away from the owners and making them
Government Farms
Modernize - Industrialize Modernize: To
make and use modern technology
Industrialize: to build factories and begin using machines and new technology
Stalin and The USSR defeated Hitler and Nazi Germany in
WWII
From backward peasants to World Power
Totalitarian governments: governments that control all aspects of society
Totalitarian governments: governments that control all aspects of society
1 one Political Party or Idea 2. one leader whose picture and statue is
everywhere3. Mass Propaganda: biased or one-sided information constantly spit out by the government
4. Government Controlled Media – newspapers, radio, tv, school books, art
5. Indoctrination (brainwashing) of their doctrines at school and work and on the news
6. Posters promoting the governments’ agenda are everywhere
7. Govt. drives the economy – decides what to make – usually weapons
8. All movies, books, music and art must glorify the governments’ agenda
9. Secret police and spies are everywhere looking for “enemies of the country”
10. prisons, labor camps, reprogramming or “concentration” camps where people are sent to “re-program” their thinking
Gulags (prisons, labor/concentration camps)
in Siberia
Closing Activity: complete these sentences
5 year plans ….Some Russians say Stalin was great
because…..Collectivization is…..Farmers in the Ukraine starved
because…..The “Purges”….The “Show Trials” were……Stalin killed more Russian officers …..
Joseph (Djugashvili) STALIN (man of Steel)
STALIN: made Lenin like a god and created the myth that he
and Lenin were tight
Finish these sentences
The Bolsheviks...Vladimir Lenin… A totalitarian country is….One characteristics of a totalitarian
country is….Propaganda…A Controlled Media…Secret police…Joseph Stalin…
Atheist: NO God materialist- everything is “matter” there’s no soul –no heaven-no God
AGNOSTIC: Just don’t know Karl Marx had written that “religion is the opiate of
the masses” In other words; religion
was a drug to make people forget their worldly problems.
People need to be stirred up, mad want Revolution
Most communists were atheists
Believers were heavily persecuted
Closed and destroyed churches
Thousands of priests sent to concentration camps or shot
Brainwashed kids Against the law to teach
kids about God Anti- religious posters “Red” weddings/funerals
Examples of Soviet Art (Socialist Realism)
KGB: Russian spies and secret policeCIA: spies from the USA
Romanov Tsars: Romanov is the
royal family of Russia
Tsars are the kings of Russia
Finish these sentences
ges were…
Totalitarian governments: governments that control all aspects of both public
and private life Ultra-nationalistic or super committed to one ideology one leader whose posters are everywhere Goals are always to better the country; if you are against that
person then you are against the country Expects the people to sacrifice their desires for the good of the
country Mass Propaganda: constant biased or one-sided information. No
opposing views tolerated (Government Controlled Media) Indoctrination (brainwashing) of their doctrines at school and
work All film, literature, music and art must glorify the governments’
agenda Secret police are always looking for people against the
government ½ simply disappear the other ½ sent to concentration camps or
“reprogamming” labor camps (Gulags) Spies and snitches are everywhere Usually militaristic (training soldiers) and many goals are using
military means to gain land Religious or Ethnic persecution