agric

ultu

re,

fore

stry

& fi

sher

ies

Dep

artm

ent:

Agric

ultu

re, F

ores

try a

nd F

ishe

ries

REPU

BLIC

OF

SOUT

H AF

RICA

Fur

ther

info

rmat

ion

can

be o

btai

ned

from

:

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ctor

ate

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nt P

rodu

ctio

nP

rivat

e B

ag X

250

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ET

OR

IA 0

001

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ail

Tha

bo.R

amas

hala

@da

ff.go

v.za

2012

(rev

ised

)

Prin

ted

and

publ

ishe

d by

D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

try a

nd F

ishe

ries

Obt

aina

ble

from

R

esou

rce

Cen

tre

Dire

ctor

ate

Com

mun

icat

ion

Ser

vice

s

Priv

ate

Bag

X14

4

PR

ETO

RIA

00

01

CO

NT

RO

L:

• F

or F

usar

ium

and

leaf

spo

t, re

mov

e di

seas

ed

plan

ts a

nd r

educ

e so

il m

oist

ure.

• F

or r

oot,

stem

, and

leaf

rot

, rem

ove

dise

ased

foli-

age

and

redu

ce s

oil m

oist

ure.

Ack

now

ledg

emen

t

We

th

an

k th

e m

em

be

rs o

f S

AE

OP

A a

nd

KA

RW

IL

cons

ulta

ncy

for

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

.

Lave

nder

Lave

nder

La

vand

ula

angu

stifo

liaFa

mily

: Lam

iace

ae

Bac

kgro

und

Ess

en

tia

l o

il cr

op

s a

re c

rop

s th

at

ha

ve v

ola

tile

, a

rom

atic

oils

in c

ert

ain

pa

rts

of

the

pla

nt.

Ess

en

tial

oils

are

na

tura

l pla

nt

pro

du

cts

wh

ich

acc

um

ula

te in

sp

ecia

lised

str

uctu

res

such

as

oil c

ells

, gl

andu

lar

tri-

chom

es, a

nd o

il or

res

in v

esse

ls. T

he o

il is

ext

ract

ed

fro

m t

he

pla

nt

thro

ug

h s

tea

m d

istil

latio

n,

che

mic

al

extr

actio

n or

CO

2 ex

trac

tion.

La

van

du

la a

ng

ust

ifolia

is a

pe

ren

nia

l, b

ush

y sh

rub

grow

ing

0,3

to 1

,2 m

hig

h. T

rue

lave

nder

has

a c

om-

pact

and

rou

nded

gro

wth

form

.

Orig

in a

nd d

istr

ibut

ion

Mos

t lav

ende

r sp

ecie

s or

igin

ate

in th

e M

edite

rran

ean

ba

sin

, in

ro

cky,

ca

lca

reo

us

are

as.

La

ven

de

r o

c-cu

rs o

ver

No

rth

Afr

ica

, M

ed

iterr

an

ea

n E

uro

pe

an

d W

este

rn In

dia.

La

ven

de

r is

cu

ltiva

ted

in t

he

We

ste

rn a

nd

Ea

ste

rn

Ca

pe

, K

wa

-Zu

lu-N

ata

l, F

ree

Sta

te,

Ga

ute

ng

an

d M

pum

alan

ga p

rovi

nces

.

Clim

atic

and

soi

l req

uire

men

ts

Lave

nder

pro

duce

s w

ell w

ith a

n an

nual

rai

nfal

l ran

ge

fro

m 3

00

to

1 4

00

mm

pe

r ye

ar.

It

req

uir

es

we

ll-dr

aine

d lig

ht, s

andy

, or s

andy

loam

, or g

rave

lly s

oils

in

full

sun.

Soi

l pH

sho

uld

be b

etw

een

5,8

and

8,3.

Use

s

La

ven

de

r is

use

d in

so

ap

ma

kin

g,

hig

h-q

ua

lity

pe

r-fu

me

s su

ch a

s ‘E

au

de

Co

log

ne

,’ ca

nd

les,

ince

nse

sa

che

ts,

po

tpo

urr

i, w

an

ds,

pill

ow

s, f

low

er

bu

nd

les,

d

rie

d a

rra

ng

em

en

ts,

wa

ll h

an

gin

gs,

wre

ath

s a

nd

man

y ot

her

appl

icat

ions

.

Cul

tura

l pra

ctic

es

Pla

ntin

g

Lave

nder

is n

orm

ally

pla

nted

in a

row

wid

th o

f 1,2

to

2,0

m a

part

. S

paci

ng b

etw

een

plan

ts is

30

to 6

0 cm

, w

hich

giv

es a

pla

nt d

ensi

ty o

f 8 0

00 to

28

000

plan

ts

per

hect

are.

Pro

paga

tion

Lave

nder

is m

ainl

y pr

opag

ated

by

seed

, cut

tings

, lay

-er

ing,

tis

sue

cultu

re a

nd d

ivis

ion

of r

oots

. T

o en

sure

ge

netic

uni

form

ity p

ropa

gatio

n by

see

d sh

ould

not

be

used

.

Fer

tilis

atio

n

Lave

nder

pro

duce

s w

ell o

n so

ils th

at a

re n

utrie

nt d

e-fic

ient

for

mos

t oth

er c

rops

. Exc

essi

ve a

pplic

atio

ns o

f ni

trog

en c

an d

ecre

ase

oil q

ualit

y, r

esul

t in

unh

ealth

y pl

ants

and

will

incr

ease

wee

d co

mpe

titio

n.

Irrig

atio

n

Irrig

atio

n is

nee

ded

for

the

first

2 y

ears

unt

il th

e cr

op

ha

s b

eco

me

est

ab

lish

ed

. D

rip

irr

iga

tio

n i

s re

com

-m

ende

d as

it w

ill a

lso

assi

st in

con

trol

ling

wee

ds.

Wee

d co

ntro

l

Han

d-ho

eing

and

mec

hani

cal w

eedi

ng w

ith a

trac

tor-

dra

wn

cu

ltiva

tor

is r

eco

mm

en

de

d f

or

the

co

ntr

ol o

f w

eeds

. Gen

eral

ly, t

wo

to th

ree

wee

ding

ses

sion

s ar

e ne

cess

ary

durin

g th

e ye

ar.

Dis

tilla

tion

wa

ste

fro

m t

his

cro

p a

pp

lied

as

org

an

ic

mul

ch is

foun

d to

be

effe

ctiv

e in

con

trol

ling

wee

ds.

Pes

t and

dis

ease

con

trol

Ver

y fe

w p

ests

occ

ur o

n la

vend

er in

Sou

th A

fric

a as

th

e pl

ant i

s a

natu

ral p

est r

epel

lent

. The

soi

l nem

atod

e M

eloi

dogy

ne h

apla

has

bee

n re

port

ed a

s a

pote

ntia

l th

reat

to la

vend

er p

rodu

ctio

n. R

oot d

isea

ses

that

may

oc

cur a

re F

usar

ium

spp

. and

Arm

illar

ia s

pp. L

eaf s

pot,

root

, ste

m, a

nd le

af r

ot m

ay o

ccur

.