RIDDLE ME THIS…

ATRIL LTRIA TALIRRATLI Trail Mix

E more more more more Ready for more

ME QUIT Quit following me

PPOD Two peas in a pod

INTRO TO ROMEO AND JULIETWILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

DID YOU KNOW…

William means helmet or protection? Shakespeare may have meant “shaker of spears”?

At 18 years old, he was married to a 26 year old? His poems are often self-loathing, bitter, & even

homoerotic? He put a curse on anyone moving his bones after

he died and was buried? Suicide occurs 13x in his plays? He could be bisexual?

EARLY LIFE OF SHAKESPEARE

1564-1616 Born in Stratford-on-Avon (about 75 miles NW

of London) Studied Latin and Greek in school; this later

helped him create historic figures like Caesar, Macbeth, Richard III

Born to John & Mary Shakespeare John- served on the town’s council & was a glove

maker Did not attend a university; however, had an

excellent education in grammar school, has a lot of general knowledge, and an extensive vocabulary

Classical writers he learned about in school influenced his plays

TIMES OF SHAKESPEARE At 18, he married a 26 year old named Anne

Hathaway Had 3 children, a daughter and twin boys

Daughter was born six months after they were married…

However, his sonnets address a love for a young man People question a homosexual affair, but he was married…

1589 he wrote his first play, Henry VI He moved to London to pursue his career in writing

and in acting Majority of his plays were written between 1590-

1610, and he started to become very successful In 1594 he joined a theater company under Lord

Chamberlain Produced two plays a year

He died on his birthday in 1616 (April 23) Don’t really know the cause of death- disease? Alcohol?

THEATER & PERFORMANCES Dramas were a popular activity but only in

London because of the buildings designed for them

In 1599, his theater company built the Globe and his plays were performed there

During a 1613 performance of Henry VIII, the roof caught fire from a cannon and the whole theater was burned within an hour.

Was rebuilt by the next yearTheater held 2,500-3,000 peopleCircular/octagon shapeNo roof

Actors= boys (played female roles because of their high pitched voices) & men only

Shakespeare was known to have acted in some plays

MORE GLOBE THEATRE Because plays were so popular (and a lot of $$ was

to be made from them), plays were produced as soon as they were completed

Stalls selling merchandise outside days of plays People could buy apples or pears and throw them at

actors if they were dissatisfied with their performances

A tower with a flag pole was about the Globe theatre- advertisements (with pictures) and color of flag determined type of play (black=tragedy, white=comedy)

No setting was used- elaborate props, trick doors in the floor, music was played, beautiful costumes, use of dialogue

Actors could “fly” in because there was no roof

PARTS OF THE GLOBE THEATRE

Pit or Yard Located around the stage No seating, audience had to stand Cheapest section= cost 1 penny

The Galleries Around were three tiers of roofed galleries. Galleries had rows of wooden seats & were

accessed from a back corridor Had a roof offering shelter from inclement

weather. Stage

Raised - 3 to 5 feet and supported by large pillars Made of wood with trapdoor to enable some

special effects e.g. smoke. At the rear of the Stage there was a roofed

house-like structure supported by two large columns (pillars)

The Heavens Pillars supported a roof called the ' Heavens '. Created an area hidden from the audience for actors to

hide. A selection of ropes & rigging would allow for special

effects, such as flying or dramatic entries Lords’ Room

Stage Gallery above the Stage Wall used by the rich members of the audience, the Upper Classes and the Nobility.

Were considered the best seats in the ' house ' despite the poor view of the back of the actors.

The cost was 5 pence & cushioned seats were provided for these elite members of the audience.

Gentlemen's’ Room Additional balconies on the left and right of the ' lord's

rooms’ These seats were for rich patrons of the Globe theater and

the cost was 4 pence for which cushioned seats were provided.

Tiring House & the Hut The stage wall structure contained at least two doors which lead to a

leading to small structure, back stage, called the ' Tiring House '. Stage wall was covered by a curtain. This area was used to change their

attire; hence, ‘Tiring house’ The ' Hut ' Above the ' Tiring House ' was a small house-like structure

called the 'hut' complete with roof. Used as a covered storage space for the acting troupe.

ELIZABETHAN AGE Associated with Queen

Elizabeth I’s reign (1558-1603) Only 25 years old at the time Ruled alone (didn’t marry

ASAP like people thought she needed to do)

Wanted to preserve England’s peace & stability

Had genuine love for her subjects

AKA “Golden Age” Many advancements were

because of her leadership Age of exploration

ELIZABETHAN DAILY LIFE Ranking

Based on social order Monarch (king, queen) nobility (privileged class,

often related to royalty) gentry (wellborn & upper-class landowners) merchants (workers, retailers) laborers (having to do physical work)

Queens = God’s representative on Earth God formed these rankings

Family & Home life Families were role models Behaviors, raising, and discipline were based on Bible

passages When someone died, write a list of all their possessions

for social ranking Life expectancy- 42 yrs. Old because of diseases and

low sanitization

Clothing “Statutes of Apparel”- dress code

Maintain social status Upper class- elegant, expensive velvet, exotic silk

& satin, colorful because dye was expensive Lower class- simple materials, cotton, leather

Leisurely activities More time to enjoy activities Based on team Liked games because of gambling

Cards, dice, board, sports, kids’ games

Appetite meat- usually eaten by the wealthy Treasured food & the presentation of it; not very

simple Drinks determined social class

wine= $$$$ ale= $

Marriage Women had little choice in picking a husband Marriages were arranged for wealth &

reputation Families benefited from the marriage

Considered foolish to marry for love Poor families would marry friends and neighbors Bride would bring $$ & goods to the marriage,

and she became the man’s property Jobs

Apothecary- gave herbal medicine Acrobat- did stunts for entertainment Blacksmith- made and repaired weapons, armor Chaplain- religion Jester- entertained the Queen Messenger- carried letters Knights- fight and protect the Queen

PLAYS OF THE ELIZABETHAN AGE Theater was very popular (thanks to

Shakespeare) Plays about histories, heroic past,&

revenge dramas/comedies were popular Before this time, plays were based on

religious themes. During this time, they focused on anything but religion

Tragedies in plays focused on creating fear and pity in the audience

Also go for a good laugh; enjoyed joking society

Sexual situations & innuendos were also commonly used in plays, which made them popular

Stage directions- directions that involve physical movement of the actor the on the stage Are placed between lines of dialogue (walks to the front door)

CONT. Histories

Based on the lives of Kings

Focus on small parts of the characters’ lives

Leaves out important events for dramatic affect

SHAKESPEAREAN DRAMA Comedy

Not a modern comedy Had a happy ending Light-hearted tone Usually contained some of

the following: Struggle of young lovers to

overcome difficulties Mistaken identities Clever servant Separation & being reunited Heightened tensions, usually

involving families

TRAGEDIES

Main character = adored, but flawed Audience understands nothing about it but

sympathizes with the character Character is also capable of good & bad, but

exemplifies the use of free will Ends in the death of the hero; at one point

happy then they must suffer! Has abnormal conditions (insanity,

hallucinations) Supernatural events

ELIZABETHAN LANGUAGE THESE EXPRESSIONS ARE COMMONLY USED THROUGHOUT Against- for, in

preparation for Alack- alas

(exclamation of sorrow)

An, and- if Aye- yes But- only, except E’en- even E’er- ever Haply- perhaps

Happy- fortunate Hence- away;

from here Hie- hurry Hither- here marry- indeed Whence- where Wilt- will Withal- in addition Would- wish

TERMS Meter

• Basic rhythmic structure of a verse • The beat

Iambic pentameter Ten syllables per line 5 pairs alternating of unstressed and stressed syllables I am a pirate with a wooden leg- x/x/x/x/

Free Verse No rhyme, meter, or musical pattern

o Blank Verseo Has regular meter, but no rhyme

EX: Two households, both alike in dignity/ In fair Verona, where we lay our scene. • Used to sound like natural speech for dialogue in plays• Used to heighten dramatic speech with emotion

Prose Type of literature that is

written expression without a formal pattern of verse or meter

Natural flow of speech Prologue

An introduction that is set apart from the story & viewpoint

Sets up necessary background information

Also used for dramatic effect Chorus' Prologue

Monologue Extended uninterrupted speech Character addresses other

characters on stage Soliloquy

Long speech in which the character expresses his/her inner thoughts to the audience

Used more realistic speaking style

Aside Brief remark made to the

audience without being heard by other characters on stage

Soliloquy

CHARACTERS Tragic hero

Main character of a tragedy Makes an error in his actions that will lead to his downfall Has a fatal flaw

Dramatic Foil Usually contrasts with the main character Usually has traits in common with the main character Highlights the main character’s personality

Round (dynamic) characters Developed Learns and changes because of conflict that occurs A “real life” character Emotional change

Flat (static) characters Minor characters Simple Do not undergo change

Examples: a cheerful paperboy, next-door neighbor

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE TERMS

Allusion A brief reference to a person,

place, event, or work of art (from history, geography, literature, religion)

Puns Form of word play that

exploits similar sounding words for humorous effect A bicyclist can’t stand alone

because it is two-tired. I used to work in a blanket

factory- but it folded.

Comic relief Release of tension

resulting from a comedic in the midst of tragic events; a wisecracking sidekick

Irony Outcome of events is

different then what was expected

Dramatic Irony When the audience

knows something that a character does not know

RULES FOR SURVIVING A HORROR MOVIEWE KNOW THE BAD GUY IS RIGHT AROUND THE CORNER…

When it appears that you have killed the monster, never check to see if it's really dead.

Do not search the basement, especially if the power has just gone out.

Never say that you'll be right back, because you won't.

Never look under the stairs, or the bed, or in the closet, or the cellar, attic, etc.

If someone tells you "Wait right here," heed that person's order and don't go anywhere.

Always check the back seat of your car.

Alliteration Repetition of initial sounds in nearby words

Ms. Watts works with Mr. Frashure

Assonance Similar vowel sounds in words

She needs to go shopping

Rhyme Occurs with the last sounds of two words are identical

Ms. Watts is the best/ when she doesn’t give us a test Rhyme scheme- pattern established by the

arrangement of rhymes in a poem Use letters to decipher the rhyme scheme

My favorite show is Jersey Shore aIt never is a bore aI watch it on Thursday nights bAnd like to watch Jwoww fight b When Sammi gets hit, I bet she is so sore a

Imagery Words to evoke what the reader “sees” Describing to appeal to the 5 senses

Dark blood poured from Snooki’s lip as she crashed to the ground. Vinny and Pauly D tossed their cold drinks and chased after the man who punched her.

Metaphor Comparison of two things not using like

or as Chris is a monster on the football field.

Simile Comparison of two things using like or

as His room is as messy as a pigsty

Hyperbole An exaggeration

He called me 1,000 times last night.

Personification Giving human characteristics to an animal or object

The tree whispered in the wind as it swayed back and forth.

Symbol Image representing something

Inversion Reordering of usual word order of a sentence Usually placing the subject after the verb

To the store went Susie Used to help with rhyming or to put emphasis on a

certain word

CHARACTERS FROM R&J

Setting: Verona & Mantua (in Northern Italy) during the Renaissance (15th &16th century)

Escalus- Prince of Verona Paris- A young count, kinsman to

Prince Escalus Mercutio- Romeo’s bff; kinsman to

Prine Escalus Friar Lawrence- A Franciscan Monk Friar John- A Franciscan Monk

CAPULETS

Capulet- Juliet’s daddy Lady Capulet- Juliet’s mommy Juliet- 13 year old daughter Tybalt- Nephew of Lady Capulet Nurse- nurse (or Nanny) to Juliet Capulet Servants

Sampson Gregory Peter (servant to Juliet’s Nurse)

MONTAGUES

Montague- Romeo’s daddy

Lady Montague- Romeo’s mommy

Romeo- 16 year old son Benvolio- nephew of

Montague Servants

Abram Balthasar (servant to

Romeo)

SOCIAL OFFENSES IN ROMEO AND JULIET On a scale of 1-5, rate each offense

1=psh, no biggie, 3= ehh, that is a no no, 5= OMG, TERRIBLE!

Tricking someone Lying to parents Killing for revenge Killing by mistake Continuing a feud Picking a fight Marrying for money Selling drugs Crashing a party Vulgar gesture

THE PROLOGUE After reading it as a class, with a partner

circle/highlight (in different colors) all the words relating to LOVE and all the words relating to HATE

Now with your partner, identify all the words relating to TWO

Individually, write a 10-14 line prologue about an SSR book you’ve read this year.

Challenge yourself by: Making it rhyme & proving a rhyme scheme

A/B/A/B If you can’t make it rhyme, try to make two lines

together rhyme Also try to make each line 10 syllables