rice production and strategy to increase food security in malaysia
TRANSCRIPT
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
RICE PRODUCTION & STRATEGY TO INCREASE
FOOD SECURITY IN MALAYSIA
PADDY PRODUCTION (WET PADDY ONLY)
MALAYSIA 2013 JELAPANG PADI
Planted Areas (ha)
605000 380283
Average Yield (t/Ha)
4.30
5.20
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry Malaysia
PRODUCTION & IMPORTS
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
PRODUCTI
ON – M T
1.22 1.38 1.38 1.53 1.52 1.62 1.64 1.67 1.70 1.67
SSL(%) 78.7 70.0 62.2 65.7 58.2 58.9 63.8 62.5 63.0 62.5
IMPORT -
MT
0.33 0.59 0.84 0.80 1.09 1.13 0.93 1.0 1.0 1.0
NUTRITIOUS and SAFE
FOOD TO MAINTAIN
HEALTH
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
ECONOMIC ACCESS +
PHYSICAL ACCESS
FOOD SECURITY
Increase Domestic Rice
Production Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
Stablised Rice Price +
Ensure Sufficient Supply
FOOD SECURITY
Y. Pot. T/Ha
TRADITIONAL VAR: 2.0
MAHSURI 4.0
RIA, JAYA ETC 5.5
SETANJUNG 6.5
MR 84 8.0
MR 219 (LATER VAR.) 10.0
2 HYBRID : 10 +
(SIRAJ AND HS 98)
( aromatic and pulut lower potential)
YIELD POTENTIAL OF RELEASE VARIETIES
POTENTIAL TO INCREASE
PRODUCTIVITY IN NON-GRANARY
AREAS (based on Pilot projects)
POTENTIAL
Av. YIELD T/HA
%HIGH YIELDING
FARMERS
SABAH: 1. PAPAR
2. KOTA
BELUT
4.0
5.5
20% MORE THAN
5t/ha
20% MORE THAN 6
T/HA
SARAWAK: 1. T. Purun
2. B. Lupar
4.5
4.5
15% MORE THAN 6 T/HA
15% MORE THAN 6T/HA
PENINSULAR – NON
GRANARY
6.0 10% more than
7 t/ha
For Rice SSL 100%
Average yield must increase to 7.0 t/ha
(20 % of farmers is getting yield more than 6 t/ha)
Problem is:
60% getting yield 4 - 6 t/ha,
And 18 % getting 4 t/ha and below
STRATERGY TO INCREASE RICE PRODUCTION
1. INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY: yield increase Based on current technologies: technology transfer
2. INCREASE YIELD POTENTIAL THROUGH RESEARCH
3. INCREASE UTILIZATION OF MARGINAL LAND THROUGH NEW TECHNOLOGY
4. REGIONAL COOPERATION
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
REASON FOR LOW YIELD
1. LOW PLANT NUMBER
2. WEEDS INCLUDING ‘PADI ANGIN’
3. PESTS AND DISEASES
4. HARVESTING LOSES AND POST HARVEST LOSES
THESE ARE DUE TO POOR CROP
MANAGEMENT AND POOR SERVICE
PROVIDER
HOW TO GET MORE
FARMERS TO OBTAIN HIGH
YIELD – CLOSE TO
POTENTIAL
1. Increase average yield through
productivity
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
• Crop Management
Land preparation:Level plot and good tillage
* Variety, seeds supply and quality, seed rate
* Water management (water timing, depth)
* Crop management (timing of herbicide &fertilizer application etc)
* Service providers (land preparation, inputs application & harvesting)
* Monitoring crops growth and pest/disease incidence
1. Increase average yield through
productivity
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
• Crop Production System
* Develop larger small holder operators
* Group farming with central management
* Mini-estate – central management
* Establish large estates through consolidation
1. Increase Average Yield Through
Productivity
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
• Crop Monitoring System - DSS
* Integrate disease and pest model, forecasting
model with long range weather forecast
* Fertilizer model/needs of crops
* Monitoring system for early signs of pest and
disease & nutrient deficiency – remote and
ground sensors
* Forecast economic loss and recommendations
* GPS and information dissemination system
Effective rice technology
transfer and promotion 1. Pilot projects and demo plots
2. Modules/manual for high yield rice production
technology; training
3. Entrepreneur development for selected rice
technologies:
i. High yield/specialty rice/organic rice/
aerobic rice/feed rice
ii. selected rice products/by-
products
2. Increase Yield Potential Through Research
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
• Breeding new varieties with higher potential in: * increasing panicle and grain size
* better photosynthesis rate; low respiration rate * better fertilizer efficiency * Better resistance to pest and diseases * Increase grain filling duration • Use wild Rice in crosses to increase genetic diversity • Hybrid rice varieties: 15 – 20% higher potential
High yield rice production system
Fertilizer management for high yield production
system: types of fertilizer,
formulation, application technology
Cultural practices for high yield production
system
Population dynamics of rice pests and diseases
in high-input rice production areas
Environment friendly rice pest
management technologies
1. Cultural practice for pest management
2. Natural enemies and biodiversity conservation
3. Biological control diseases and insect pests
4. Management of rodents and golden apple snail
5. Management strategies for new emerging pests
6. Weed management anticipating responses in the weed flora
3. Increase utilization of marginal land: rain-fed, peat soil, acid soil, sandy soil
Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
• Utilizing new technologies from research and development
• Aerobic rice (varieties, water management, weed management) : areas with no proper infrastructures
• New varieties with tolerance to peat soil, acid soils • New agronomic packages for peat soil, acid soils • Food crop rotation and animal integration in single
cropped rice areas
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