rfid based road toll tax.doc

8/13/2019 RFID Based Road Toll Tax.doc

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SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY

MR. CHETAN PATHAK UMESH CHANDRA GURURANI DEVENDER SINGH PAHLAWAT

PRADEEP AHIRWAR

MAJOR PROJECT ON AUTO TOLLTAX SYSTEM USING RFID


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Words often fail to pay ones gratitude oneself, still I wouldlike to convey my sincere thanks to Mr. DEVED!" #$M"!

!"%&"V at every stage of completion of my Ma'or (ro'ect)or the fulfillment of the degree of *.E I E+E-!I/ 0MM$I"-I E%IEE!I% and providing me withvalua1le material and guidance whenever I felt the need."lso I would like to thank every1ody who directly orindirectly helped me in successfully completion of my Ma'or(ro'ect.

$ME/& &"D!" %$!$!"IDEVEDE! /I%& ("&+"W"-(!"DEE( "&I!W"!

INDEX


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INTRODUCTION

RFID SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

ANTENNA

TRANSCEIVER

TRANSPONDER

DATA CAPACITY

FORM FACTOR

PASSIVE VERSUS ACTIVE

FREQUENCIES

EPC TAGS

APPLICATION

BLOCK DIAGRAM & CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

RFID BASED TOLL TAX

BASIC IDEA:


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RFID Toll Road Pay!"# systems have ea!!y he!"e# a !$t %& e#'(%&) the heavy

($&)est%$& (a'se# %& the met$"$!%ta& (%t%es $* t$#ay. It %s $&e $* the eas%est meth$#s 'se#t$ $)a&%+e the heavy *!$, $* ta**%(. Whe& the (a m$ves th$')h the t$!! )ate $& a&y

$a#- %t %s %%(ate# $& the RID ea#e that %t has ($sse# the (!ea%&). The &ee# *$ma&'a! t$!! /ase# systems %s ($m"!ete!y e#'(e# %& th%s meth$#s a the t$!!%&) system,$0s th$')h RID. The system th's %&sta!!e# %s 1'%te e2"e#%e&t e#'(%&) the t%me a

($st $* tave!es s%&(e the ta) (a& /e #e(%"hee# *$m a #%sta&(e.

The "e$"!e tave!%&) th$')h th%s ta&s"$t me#%'m #$ &$t &ee# a&yth%&) e!se t$ )et $& a

h%)h,ay3 %&stea# the RID ta) (a%e# /y the% veh%(!e #$es evey th%&). A ($mm'tetave!%&) th$')h th%s me#%'m )ets t$ 0&$, h$, m'(h am$'&t has /ee& "a%# a h$,

m'(h m$&ey %s !e*t %& the ta). It #$es &$t e1'%e the "es$& t$ (ay (ash ,%th h%m t$ "ay

the t$!! ta2 a!! the t%me. The !$&) 1'e'e ,a%t%&) *$ the% t'& %s e#'(e#- ,h%(h %&4t'&e#'(es the ($&s'm"t%$& $* *'e!. The RID t$!! "ayme&t systems ae ea!!y 'se# %&

"eve&t%&) tes"ass%&) $& /$#es. The s$*t,ae s$!'t%$& #eve!$"e# (a& e&s'e a sm$$th'&&%&) $* veh%(!es ,%th$'t a&y &ee# *$ *'the #eve!$"me&t. The s$*t,ae ($&t$!!%&)

these RID ta)s a ea#es %s easy t$ %m"!eme&t.

HeeBas%( %#ea %s t$ #eve!$" the a't$mat%( (ha!!a& system that (a& (he(0 *$ s%)&a!/ea0 /y a&y veh%(!e. The RID Rea#e ea#s the %&*$mat%$& !%0e veh%(!es &$. a

a't$mat%(a!!y ses a e"$t t$ the $,&e $* veh%(!es a s%m'!ta&e$'s!y %&*$mat%$& %s

)%ve& $& the s%te %tse!* th$')h LCD..

INTRODUCTION TO RFID

Ra#%$4*e1'e&(y %#e&t%*%(at%$& 5RID6 %s a& a't$mat%( %#e&t%*%(at%$& meth$#- e!y%&) $&

st$%&) a em$te!y et%ev%&) #ata 's%&) #ev%(es (a!!e# RID ta)s $ ta&s"$es. The

te(h&$!$)y e1'%es s$me e2te&t $* ($$"eat%$& $* a& RID ea#e a a& RID ta).A& RID ta) %s a& $/7e(t that (a& /e a""!%e# t$ $ %&($"$ate# %&t$ a "$#'(t- a&%ma!- $

"es$& *$ the "'"$se $* %#e&t%*%(at%$& a ta(0%&) 's%&) a#%$ ,aves. S$me ta)s (a& /e

ea# *$m sevea! metes a,ay a /ey$ the !%&e $* s%)ht $* the ea#e.A& RID ta) %s a& $/7e(t that (a& /e a""!%e# t$ $ %&($"$ate# %&t$ a "$#'(t- a&%ma!- $

"es$& *$ the "'"$se $* %#e&t%*%(at%$& a ta(0%&) 's%&) a#%$ ,aves. S$me ta)s (a& /e

ea# *$m sevea! metes a,ay a /ey$ the !%&e $* s%)ht $* the ea#e.

$%a# ' RFID(

A /as%( RID system ($&s%sts $* thee ($m"$&e&ts8


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a6 A& a&te&&a $ ($%!

/6 A ta&s(e%ve 5,%th #e($#e6

(6 A ta&s"$e 5R ta)6

E!e(t$&%(a!!y "$)amme# ,%th '&%1'e %&*$mat%$&. Thee ae ma&y #%**ee&t ty"es $*

RID systems $'t %& the ma0et. They ae (ate)$%+e# a(($#%&) t$ thee *e1'e&(ya&)es. S$me $* the m$st ($mm$&!y 'se# RID 0%ts ae as *$!!$,s8

96 L$,4*e1'e&(y 5:; KH+ t$


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a(1'%s%t%$& a ($mm'&%(at%$&. A&te&&as ae ava%!a/!e %& a va%ety $* sha"es a s%+es3

they (a& /e /'%!t %&t$ a #$$ *ame t$ e(e%ve ta) #ata *$m "es$&s $ th%&)s "ass%&)

th$')h the #$$- $ m$'&te# $& a& %&testate t$!!/$$th t$ m$&%t$ ta**%( "ass%&) /y $& a*ee,ay. The e!e(t$ma)&et%( *%e!# "$#'(e# /y a& a&te&&a (a& /e ($&sta&t!y "ese&t

,he& m'!t%"!e ta)s ae e2"e(te# ($&t%&'a!!y. I* ($&sta&t %&te$)at%$& %s &$t e1'%e#- a

se&s$ #ev%(e (a& a(t%vate the *%e!#.O*te& the a&te&&a %s "a(0a)e# ,%th the ta&s(e%ve a #e($#e t$ /e($me a ea#e 5a.0.a.

%&te$)at$6- ,h%(h (a& /e ($&*%)'e# e%the as a hahe!# $ a *%2e#4m$'&t #ev%(e. The

ea#e em%ts a#%$ ,aves %& a&)es $* a&y,hee *$m $&e %&(h t$ 9;; *eet $ m$e-#e"e%&) '"$& %ts "$,e $'t"'t a the a#%$ *e1'e&(y 'se#. Whe& a& RID ta) "asses

th$')h the e!e(t$ma)&et%( +$&e- %t #ete(ts the ea#es a(t%vat%$& s%)&a!. The ea#e

#e($#es the #ata e&($#e# %& the ta)s %&te)ate# (%('%t 5s%!%($& (h%"6 a the #ata %s

"asse# t$ the h$st ($m"'te *$ "$(ess%&).

10 TAGS 2T.a"'3o"d!.'4

A& RID ta) %s ($m"%se# $* a m%($(h%" ($&ta%&%&) %#e&t%*y%&) %&*$mat%$& a a&

a&te&&a that ta&sm%ts th%s #ata ,%e!ess!y t$ a ea#e. At %ts m$st /as%(- the (h%" ,%!!($&ta%& a se%a!%+e# %#e&t%*%e- $ !%(e&se "!ate &'m/e- that '&%1'e!y %#e&t%*%es that %tem-

S%m%!a t$ the ,ay ma&y /a ($#es ae 'se# t$#ay. A 0ey #%**ee&(e- h$,eve %s that

RID ta)s have a h%)he #ata (a"a(%ty tha& the% /a ($#e ($'&te"ats. Th%s %&(eases the$"t%$&s *$ the ty"e $* %&*$mat%$& that (a& /e e&($#e# $& the ta)- %&(!'#%&) the

ma&'*a(t'e- /at(h $ !$t &'m/e- ,e%)ht- $,&esh%"- #est%&at%$& a h%st$y 5s'(h as

the tem"eat'e a&)e t$ ,h%(h a& %tem has /ee& e2"$se#6. I& *a(t- a& '&!%m%te# !%st $*$the ty"es $* %&*$mat%$& (a& /e st$e# $& RID ta)s- #e"e%&) $& a""!%(at%$& &ee#s.A& RID ta) (a& /e "!a(e# $& %%v%#'a! %tems- (ases $ "a!!ets *$ %#e&t%*%(at%$&

"'"$ses- as ,e!! as $& *%2e# assets s'(h as ta%!es- ($&ta%&es- t$tes- et(.

Ta+' 5o! " a -a.!#y o6 #y3!'7 *#% a -a.!#y o6 5a3a8l#!'0 K!y -a.a8l!' "5l,d!:

9R!ado"ly9 -!.',' 9.!ad*.#!9

Thee ae thee $"t%$&s %& tems $* h$, #ata (a& /e e&($#e# $& ta)s8 596 Rea#4$&!y ta)s

($&ta%& #ata s'(h as a se%a!%+e# ta(0%&) &'m/e- ,h%(h %s "e4,%tte& $&t$ them /y the


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ta) ma&'*a(t'e $ #%st%/'t$. These ae )e&ea!!y the !east e2"e&s%ve ta)s /e(a'se they

(a&&$t have a&y a##%t%$&a! %&*$mat%$& %&(!'#e# as they m$ve th$')h$'t the s'""!y

(ha%&. A&y '"#ates t$ that %&*$mat%$& ,$'!# have t$ /e ma%&ta%&e# %& the a""!%(at%$&s$*t,ae that ta(0s SKU m$veme&t a a(t%v%ty. 5=6 W%te $&(e ta)s e&a/!e a 'se t$

,%te #ata t$ the ta) $&e t%me %& "$#'(t%$& $ #%st%/'t%$& "$(esses. A)a%&- th%s may

%&(!'#e a se%a! &'m/e- /'t "eha"s $the #ata s'(h as a !$t $ /at(h &'m/e. 5:6 '!!ea#4,%te ta)s a!!$, &e, #ata t$ /e ,%tte& t$ the ta) as &ee#e#a eve& ,%tte&

$ve the $%)%&a! #ata. E2am"!es *$ the !atte (a"a/%!%ty m%)ht %&(!'#e the t%me a #ate

$* $,&esh%" ta&s*e $ '"#at%&) the e"a% h%st$y $* a *%2e# asset. Wh%!e these ae them$st ($st!y $* the thee ta) ty"es a ae &$t "a(t%(a! *$ ta(0%&) %&e2"e&s%ve %tems-

*'t'e staa#s *$ e!e(t$&%( "$#'(t ($#es 5EPC6 a""ea t$ /e hea#e# %& th%s #%e(t%$&.

RFID TAGS

Da#a 5a3a5#y

The am$'&t $* #ata st$a)e $& a ta) (a& vay- a&)%&) *$m 9 /%ts $& the !$, e t$ asm'(h as sevea! th$'sa /%ts $& the h%)h e. O* ($'se- the )eate the st$a)e (a"a(%ty-

the h%)he the "%(e "e ta).

Fo. 6a5#o.

The ta) a a&te&&a st'(t'e (a& ($me %& a va%ety $* "hys%(a! *$m *a(t$s a (a&

e%the /e se!*4($&ta%&e# $ em/e##e# as "at $* a ta#%t%$&a! !a/e! st'(t'e 5%.e.- the ta) %s

%&s%#e ,hat !$$0s !%0e a e)'!a /a ($#e !a/e!th%s %s teme# a Smat La/e!6 ($m"a&%esm'st (h$$se the a""$"%ate *$m *a(t$s *$ the ta) vey (ae*'!!y a sh$'!# e2"e(t t$

'se m'!t%"!e *$m *a(t$s t$ s'%t the ta))%&) &ee#s $* #%**ee&t "hys%(a! "$#'(ts a '&%ts$* meas'e. $ e2am"!e- a "a!!et may have a& RID ta) *%tte# $&!y t$ a& aea $*

"$te(te# "!a(eme&t $& the "a!!et %tse!*. O& the $the ha- (at$&s $& the "a!!et have

RID ta)s %&s%#e /a ($#e !a/e!s that a!s$ "$v%#e $"eat$s h'ma&4ea#a/!e %&*$mat%$&a a /a(04'" sh$'!# the ta) *a%! $ "ass th$')h &$& RID4(a"a/!e s'""!y (ha%& !%&0s.


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Pa''-! -!.',' a5#-!

FPass%ve ta)s have &$ /attey a /$a#(ast the% #ata $&!y ,he& e&e)%+e# /y a

ea#e. That mea&s they m'st /e a(t%ve!y "$!!e# t$ se %&*$mat%$&. A(t%ve ta)s ae

(a"a/!e $* /$a#(ast%&) the% #ata 's%&) the% $,& /attey "$,e. I& )e&ea!- th%s mea&sthat the ea# a&)es ae m'(h )eate *$ a(t%ve ta)s tha& they ae *$ "ass%ve ta)s

"eha"s a ea# a&)e $* 9;; *eet $ m$e- ves's 9< *eet $ !ess *$ m$st "ass%ve ta)s. The

e2ta (a"a/%!%ty a ea# a&)es $* a(t%ve ta)s- h$,eve- ($me ,%th a ($st3 they aesevea! t%mes m$e e2"e&s%ve tha& "ass%ve ta)s. T$#ay- a(t%ve ta)s ae m'(h m$e !%0e!y

t$ /e 'se# *$ h%)h4va!'e %tems $ *%2e# assets s'(h as ta%!es- ,hee the ($st %s m%&%ma!

($m"ae# t$ %tem va!'e- a vey !$&) ea# a&)es ae e1'%e#. M$st ta#%t%$&a! s'""!y

(ha%& a""!%(at%$&s- s'(h as the RID4/ase# ta(0%&) a ($m"!%a&(e "$)ams eme)%&)%& the ($&s'me )$$#s eta%! (ha%&- ,%!! 'se the !ess e2"e&s%ve "ass%ve ta)s.

F.!;,!"5!'

L%0e a!! ,%e!ess ($mm'&%(at%$&s- thee ae a va%ety $* *e1'e&(%es $ s"e(ta th$')h

,h%(h RID ta)s (a& ($mm'&%(ate ,%th ea#es. A)a%&- thee ae ta#e4$**s am$&) ($st-

"e*$ma&(e a a""!%(at%$& e1'%eme&ts. $ %&sta&(e- !$,4*e1'e&(y ta)s ae (hea"etha& '!ta h%)h4*e1'e&(y 5UH6 ta)s- 'se !ess "$,e a ae /ette a/!e t$ "e&etate &$&4

meta!!%( s'/sta&(es. They ae %#ea! *$ s(a&&%&) $/7e(ts ,%th h%)h ,ate ($&te&t- s'(h as

*'%t- at (!$se a&)e. UH *e1'e&(%es ty"%(a!!y $**e /ette a&)e a (a& ta&s*e #ata

*aste. B't they 'se m$e "$,e a ae !ess !%0e!y t$ "ass th$')h s$me mate%a!s. UHta)s ae ty"%(a!!y /est s'%te# *$ 'se ,%th $ &ea ,$$#- "a"e- (a#/$a# $ (!$th%&)

"$#'(ts. C$m"ae# t$ !$,4*e1'e&(y ta)s- UH ta)s m%)ht /e /ette *$ s(a&&%&) /$2es

$* )$$#s as they "ass th$')h a /ay #$$ %&t$ a ,aeh$'se. Wh%!e the ta) e1'%eme&ts*$ ($m"!%a&(e maates may /e &a$,!y #e*%&e#- %t %s !%0e!y that a va%ety $* ta) ty"es

,%!! /e e1'%e# t$ s$!ve s"e(%*%( $"eat%$&a! %ss'es. Y$' ,%!! ,a&t t$ ,$0 ,%th a

($m"a&y that %s vey 0&$,!e#)ea/!e %& ta) a ea#e te(h&$!$)y t$ a""$"%ate!y%#e&t%*y the %)ht m%2 $* RID te(h&$!$)y *$ y$' e&v%$&me&t a a""!%(at%$&s.

EPC Ta+'

EPC e*es t$ e!e(t$&%( "$#'(t ($#e- a& eme)%&) s"e(%*%(at%$& *$ RID ta)s- ea#es

a /'s%&ess a""!%(at%$&s *%st #eve!$"e# at the A't$4ID Ce&te at the Massa(h'setts

I&st%t'te $* Te(h&$!$)y. Th%s $)a&%+at%$& has "$v%#e# s%)&%*%(a&t %&te!!e(t'a! !ea#esh%"t$,a# the 'se a a""!%(at%$& $* RID te(h&$!$)y. EPC e"ese&ts a s"e(%*%( a""$a(h

t$ %tem %#e&t%*%(at%$&- %&(!'#%&) a& eme)%&) staa# *$ the ta)s themse!ves- %&(!'#%&)

/$th the #ata ($&te&t $* the ta) a $"e& ,%e!ess ($mm'&%(at%$& "$t$($!s. I& a se&se-the EPC m$veme&t %s ($m/%&%&) the #ata staa#s em/$#%e# %& (eta%& /a ($#e

s"e(%*%(at%$&s- s'(h as the UPC $ UCC49= /a ($#e staa#s- ,%th the ,%e!ess #ata

C$mm'&%(at%$& staa#s that have /ee& #eve!$"e# /y ANSI a $the )$'"s.


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Ta) ($!!%s%$& $(('s ,he& ma&y ta)s ae "ese&t %& a sma!! aea3 /'t s%&(e the ea# t%me

%s vey *ast- %t %s eas%e *$ ve$s t$ #eve!$" systems that e&s'e that ta)s es"$ $&e at

a t%me. See P$/!ems ,%th RID *$ m$e #eta%!s.

BLOCK DIAGRAM O PROECT


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8051

Tx

Rx DATAPIN

PORT

2

RFID BASED CHALLAN SYSTEM


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

rfid based road toll tax.doc

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