RFID ApplicationsPresented by: Renato Casipe Date : May 3, 2010

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)

Radio Frequency Identification

Tags objects

Identifies object

RFID and The “Internet of Things” (IoT) Key enabler

MIT’s Auto-ID Center (1999)

Internet of Things refers to a ubiquitous network society in which a lot of objects are “connected.”

RFID Already a Part of Our Lives Keyless car entry

Gas payment (i.e. Speedpass)

Ski pass

School ID

Sample RFID ApplicationsCredit Card

Sample RFID ApplicationsToll Pass

Sample RFID ApplicationsPassport

Advantages of RFID over Barcode (Source: CIO.com)

Advantages of RFID over Barcode (Source: CIO.com)

Advantages of RFID over Barcode (Source: CIO.com)

RFID System Structure

Yan et al., 2009

RFID Components Tag

Coupling Units

Chips

Sensors

Electronic Product Code (EPC)

RFID Components Reader

Read

Write

Mobile

Fixed

RFID Components Antenna

Transducer

RFID Components Backend System

Tag Types

Passive No battery or onboard power source and Backscatter

Active Onboard power source can transmit signals autonomously

Semi-active / Semi-passive Small battery

Tag Classes

Tag Memory

Passive tags can typically contain about 32 bits to 128 kilobyte of data.

Active tags have up to 1 Megabyte of memory (AIMGlobal, 2006).

Tag Frequencies

EPC

EPCglobal.org, 2010

EPC Minimalist Approach Functionality

away from tag Into the network Electronic Product Code (EPC) Object Name Service (ONS ) SAVANT Transponders

Major RFID Adopters Wal-Mart

22 distribution centers

15,000 suppliers

$2 fee/pallet without RFID tag

By 2010

Major RFID Adopters Department of Defense

RFID tagging will be required for all DoD manufacturers and suppliers packaged within

palletized unit

to any DoD location

Major RFID Adopters Others

USDA Animal tagging

MasterCard and Visa Paypass and Wave

Sun Microsystems Java System RFID Software

ROI Seen

Tagging at container level

Item level for higher value stuff

Sensors

RFID Adoption Barriers Privacy Concerns

Cost

ROI

Business Processes Change

Standards

Privacy Concerns

Syverson et.al., 2005

Privacy Concerns Should EU RFID policy draft be implemented

40% no; 15% Yes; 25% Needs modification; 20% don’t know (RFID journal poll). New Hampshire HB 478 (vote of 186-170)

Notification Disable on demand Human implantation on consent No tags on state issued id’s.

o

Privacy Concerns

Encryption algorithms

Traditional Security features.

Privacy Concerns

Security Threat

Corporate espionage threat

Competitive marketing threat

Infrastructure threat

Trust perimeter threat

Privacy Threat

Action

Association

Location

Privacy Threat

Preference

Constellation

Transaction

Privacy Threat Breadcrumb

Cloning

Privacy Threat

Some Solutions to Privacy Threat Killing

Sleeping

Password

Pseudonyms

Some Solutions to Privacy Threat Encryption

Proxy

Blocking

Specific RFID Applications

Product Monitoring

Online Payment

Attendance System

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Product Monitoring

RFID in Online Payment Motivating Scenario

Renato forgot his credit shopping at Lowe’s.

A miscreant consequently picks up Renato’s credit card and uses it for unauthorized purchases online

Renato lost mental peace, and credit card company waste resources investigating the dispute.

$11.6 Billion online payment transaction on 2009

Current credit card transaction for remote shopping

Proposed architecture for remote credit card transactions

System Operation

Registration Phase

Transaction Phase

Reset Phase

Role of mobile-phone

Role of RFID tag

Store encrypted data

Role of keys

Registration Phase

Registration Flowchart

Activation Process

Mobile-phone flowchart

Transaction Phase

Reset Phase

MRVKEY is deleted from MRVKEY table.

MRAKEY is rendered useless as a result as it can not be validated from the middleware.

Happens when security is breached.

Scenarios Loss RFID credit card

Loss mobile phone

Loss both

Other Applications Drug Index Safety System (DISS)

Vials Docking station 2 letters Limited colors Force function $50 billion problem counterfeiting

Other Applications Bicycle Safety

Other Applications Warehousing

Space Time Array Readers (by Mojix)

Other Applications Security

Scariest Uses of RFID in 2007

http://www.rfidgazette.org/2007/04/top_15_weirdest.html

Thank you for your attention…. Partial List of References Mobile phone based RFID architecture for secure electronic Payments using RFID credit cards

Geethapriya Venkataramani and Srividya Gopalan Applied Research Group, Satyam Computers Services Limited

SID Block, Entrepreneurship Centre, IISC Campus, Bangalore 560012, India

Email: {Geetha_Priya, Srividya_Gopalan}@satyam.com

Application of RFID and Internet of Things in Monitoring and Anti-counterfeiting for Products

Bo Yan et al. School of Economics and Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China yanbo@scut.edu.cn

RFID Journal March/April 2008 www.rfidjournal.com

RFID +Certification By: Brown et al, 2007 McGrawhill, Osborne