Review of Rules from Commas I• Separate words in a series• To Separate two adjectives in place of the word “and”.• When an –ly adjective is used with other adjectives.• Surround the name of a person being addressed.• Separate days of the month from the year and after the year.• Separate the City from the State• Surrounds degrees or titles used with names• After a phrase of more than 3 words at the beginning of a

sentence• To separate ideas that interrupt the flow of a sentence• To specify or describe something

Conjunctions

Conjunction Junction

To separate two independent clauses joined together by a coordinating conjunction (aka FANBOYS)

I went to New York this past week with my best friend, and we saw our favorite Broadway show.

Introduce or Interrupt Quotations

The author foreshadowed in his novel, “the four friends had no clue they were heading for disaster.”

And

“Hey guys,” Jimmy asked, “did we bring our life jackets?”

To Separate a Statement From a Question

I can do this, can I not?

To Separate Contrasting Parts of a Sentence

Today is my friend’s birthday, not mine.

Beginning a Sentence With Introductory Words

Well, I guess I was wrong after all; I can do this!

Surrounding Transitional Words When used as Interrupters

Because I slept in this morning, consequently, I wasn’t

able to turn in my homework.

After Introductory Words

The dog in that neighborhood really annoys me. For instance, last week it was barking at me while I was trying to deliver mail to the Garcia’s house!

Comma Splice

A comma splice is when a comma is used to join two independent clauses together.

What are some of the ways you think we could solve the problem of a comma splice?

Larry drove to Mark’s house to show him his new car, Mark was not home.

Fixing A Comma Splice

• Use a period• Use a semi-colon• Use a coordinating conjunction• Use an independent marker word

Fixing a Fused Sentence• Use a period• Use a semi-colon• Use a coordinating conjunction• Use an independent marker word

Fused Sentences

Two independent clauses in one sentence without any punctuation between them.

How can we fix this problem?

Jessica is starting a new school tomorrow she already has her new clothes picked out to wear.

Practice

1) Bring plenty of drinks for the party. For example 7-up Dr. Pepper Coke and diet drinks too.

2) I went out with my friends last night but I had to be home by 2am.

3) I can call you if I need your support right?4) This is my responsibility not yours.

Practice

1) Bring plenty of drinks for the party. For example, 7-up, Dr. Pepper, Coke, and diet drinks too.

2) I went out with my friends last night, but I had to be home by 2am.

3) I can call you if I need your support, right?4) This is my responsibility, not yours.

Practice5) I had a full night’s sleep last night yet I still

feel very tired.6) I would on the other hand understand if you

choose to stay home and do your homework instead of hang out because I know how hard it is to have to catch up later.

7) Yes I have no problem helping you with that.8) This is your paper not mine.

Practice5) I had a full night’s sleep last night, yet I still

feel very tired.6) I would, on the other hand, understand if you

choose to stay home and do your homework instead of hang out because I know how hard it is to have to catch up later.

7) Yes, I have no problem helping you with that.8) This is your paper, not mine.

Practice

9) She has been flaky for the past month or so. For instance last week I asked her to write me a recommendation letter and I still have not heard from her.

10) “Ma’am” the sales clerk asked “is there anything I can do for you?”

11) The politician proclaimed “I will help create more jobs.”

Practice

9) She has been flaky for the past month or so. For instance, last week I asked her to write me a recommendation letter and I still have not heard from her.

10) “Ma’am,” the sales clerk asked, “is there anything I can do for you?”

11) The politician proclaimed, “I will help create more jobs.”

Practice

12) Now let’s start the movie.13) Because I slept in this morning consequently

I wasn’t able to turn in my homework. 14) You will be there too won’t you?

Practice

12) Now, let’s start the movie.13) Because I slept in this morning,

consequently, I wasn’t able to turn in my homework.

14) You will be there too, won’t you?

Resources• http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/comma

s.htm• http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/

g_comma.html

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