review of cells
TRANSCRIPT
Review of CellsReview of Cells
Types of CellsTypes of Cells
Prokaryotic: Do not Prokaryotic: Do not have a nucleushave a nucleus Bacteria, protists and Bacteria, protists and
simple single celled simple single celled organisms.organisms.
Eukaryotic: Have a Eukaryotic: Have a true nucleustrue nucleus Include plant and Include plant and
animal cellsanimal cells
Plasma membranePlasma membrane
Made up of:Made up of: Phospholipids (bilayer)Phospholipids (bilayer) Carbohydrates Carbohydrates
(receptor molecules)(receptor molecules) Proteins (transport Proteins (transport
channels)channels) Cholesterol (structure Cholesterol (structure
and stability)and stability)
Cell OrganellesCell Organelles
Cell membraneCell membrane Cell wall (plants only)Cell wall (plants only) Endoplasmic Endoplasmic
reticulumreticulum Smooth and RoughSmooth and Rough
Golgi apparatusGolgi apparatus MitochondriaMitochondria Chloroplasts (plants Chloroplasts (plants
only)only)
Cell OrganellesCell Organelles
LysosomesLysosomes VacuoleVacuole Centrioles (visible in Centrioles (visible in
animals)animals) NucleusNucleus NucleolusNucleolus RibosomesRibosomes
TransportTransport
How do things How do things molecules or particles molecules or particles move?move? Gases and Liquids can Gases and Liquids can
have particles have particles suspended in themsuspended in them
Random Collisions of Random Collisions of these particles create these particles create movement, and cause movement, and cause them to spread out.them to spread out.
Passive TransportPassive Transport
Does not require energyDoes not require energy Two types:Two types:
Diffusion: from high Diffusion: from high concentration to low concentration to low concentration. Until an concentration. Until an equilibrium is reached.equilibrium is reached.
Osmosis: the diffusion of Osmosis: the diffusion of water.water.
Facilitated Diffusion: The Facilitated Diffusion: The diffusion of larger diffusion of larger molecules, with the help of molecules, with the help of transport protein.transport protein.
Facilitated Diffusion
Active TransportActive Transport
Transport across the Transport across the membrane that membrane that requires the use of requires the use of energy.energy. Usually occurs up the Usually occurs up the
concentration gradientconcentration gradient Uses ATPUses ATP