review and aftermath of the french revolution / napoleon november 5, 2009

Review and Aftermath of the French Revolution /

Napoleon

November 5, 2009

Where we left off…

The French Revolution was just about to start and the National Assembly took over with the Tennis Court Oath.

In this class we will review the chronology of the French Revolution and Napoleon era and look at the aftermath of these years.

French Revolution Review

In this section, we will be constructing a timeline of the French Revolution.

I will give a clue, and we will see if you can give the response.

Here are two of the events that we left off during my last lesson:

June 1789: Tennis Court Oath

July 1789: Storming of the Bastille


A statement of the principles of the National Assembly, this document reflected on the ideas of the Enlightenment and became a creed of the revolution.



August 1789: Declaration of the

Rights of Man Drafted


A particular group of French peasants make the King a “prisoner in Paris”





October 1789: Women march on

Versailles


This reform to the Church ended many of the privileges of the old First Estate, but caused many Church leaders anxiety over whether to be loyal to Paris or Rome






VersaillesJuly 1790: Civil C

onstitution of th

e

Clergy was signed


The Declaration was expanded upon and the societal order of France for the previous millennium was turned on its head!






VersaillesJuly 1790: Civil C

onstitution of th

e

Clergy was signed

1791: France adopts a new

constitution


When Louis and Marie tried to do this, their public opinion turned from one of admiration to disdain


constitution June 1791: Louis XVI

attempts to flee to Austria


Led by the Girondins, France made a bold move to fight the émigrés that wanted to restore the old order.




April 1792: France declares

war on Austria


During a National Convention, the fate of the King was decided. The decision made favoured the Jacobins.





war on Austria September 1792: Trial of Louis XVI

January 1793: Louis XVI executed (Terror Begins)


This Jacobin leader met his end due to the accusation of becoming a dictator.

End of the Jacobins, the Terror, and the radical revolution.





war on Austria September 1792: Trial of Louis XVI

January 1793: Louis XVI executed (Terror Begins)

1794: Execution of

Robespierre


The Directory A new constitution was drafted entitled The Rule

of the Directory Moderate group: enemies on all sides Therefore this group moved toward a policy of

control, and kept power until 1799.

1794: Execution of

Robespierre 1795: Directory drafts new

constitution

Napoleon Years Review

In 1799, Napoleon returns home from Egypt to overthrow the government in a coup d’état

Napoleon, Abbé Sieyès, and other radical leaders devised a new government in this system.

Aimed to keep the ideals of the Tennis Court Oath

1794: Execution of


constitution

1799: Consul system

established, Napoleon named

First Consul


Compromise made with the Church that benefited Napoleon

Resolved the conflicts started with the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (see 1790)

1794: Execution of


constitution

1799: Consul system


First Consul 1801: The Concordat


Napoleon made this first set of laws for the French nation and made France the most dynamic country in Europe

1794: Execution of


constitution

1799: Consul system


First Consul 1801: The Concordat

1804: The Napoleonic

Code


After naming himself First Consul for life in 1802, Napoleon solidified his leadership in 1804 by claiming this title.


CodeDecember 1804:

Napoleon Crowned

Emperor


Napoleon adopted this plan in an effort to crush the British economy.


CodeDecember 1804:

Napoleon Crowned

Emperor1805: The continental

system is adopted


1802 – 1812: Napoleon leads several successful military campaigns in an effort to transform France into a European Empire by using new styles of military action.


CodeDecember 1804:

Napoleon Crowned

Emperor1805: The continental

system is adopted

1802 – 12: Napoleon

expands his empire


In 1812 Napoleon invades this country that utilizes the “Scorched Earth Theory”

500,000 – 600,000 left, ~ 40,000 return


expands his empire

1812: Napoleon

invades Russia

Napoleon Years End/ Aftermath

In June 1813, Napoleon lost a battle in Spain to end the struggle started in 1808 to hold power in the country.

This battle was won by the Spaniards with help from the British, under the command of the Duke of Wellington.

After, the British-Spanish army go into France and Paris is captured


expands his empire

1812: Napoleon

invades Russia

1813-14: Napoleon loses

in Spain and is dethroned

in Paris

Napoleon then is exiled to Elba (Italian island) A new monarch, Louis XVIII is put into power

(Older brother of Louis XVI)


expands his empire

1812: Napoleon

invades Russia



in ParisApril 1

814 – Napoleon Exiled

in Elba and Louis XVIII put in

to

power


The Congress of Vienna meets in Sept 1814 to determine what to do with France

Somewhat seen as a party for defeating Napoleon Was nice to France, let them keep their expanded

territory of 1812 Decided on what to do with certain countries. (Lots

of annexation of smaller states into larger ones)


expands his empire

1812: Napoleon

invades Russia



in ParisApril 1

814 – Napoleon Exiled

in Elba and Louis XVIII put in

to

powerSeptember 1814:

Congress of Vienna

Meets


Napoleon returns from Elba with an army in his Hundred Days in March 1815

Congress of Vienna made an army to stop him (led by Duke of Wellington)

June 1815 – Battle of Waterloo was a decisive loss for Napoleon.

As punishment, Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena

September 1814: Congress of

Vienna Meets


1815: Napoleons

Hundred days / Waterloo

A new peace Treaty was drafted – Far worse for France Accord of Vienna – end result of the Congress of

Vienna. Created a balance of power, but ignored the changing idealistic forces of Europe.

Austria continued as a large empire, Britain became by far the most powerful country, France was weak, and other colonial empires were falling while the U.S. remained isolated, fearing involvement in Europe

September 1814: Congress of Vienna Meets

Europe After Napoleon

1815: Napoleons Hundred days /

Waterloo

review and aftermath of the french revolution / napoleon november 5, 2009

Documents

radical revolution

french revolution reviewin

offthe french revolution

tennis court oathjuly

new constitutionjune

trial of louis xvijanuary

societal order of france

rights of man draftedoctober