RESEARCH NEWSRESEARCH NEWSRESEARCH NEWSRESEARCH NEWSRESEARCH NEWS

Continuous Chhana-Ball Forming System(Ruplal Choudhary, S. K. Makker and K.Narsaiah)

Rasogolla is one of the most popular dairysweets of the Indian subcontinent. It isgaining popularity in other parts of theworld with the spread of the Indiandiaspora around the globe. To meet theincreasing demand of rasogolla indomestic and global market, large-scaleproduction of rasogolla by mechanizedprocess is desirable. Hence, studies wereundertaken to develop a prototype forcontinuous chhana-ball forming system.

The chhana-ball forming system is anintegrated device consisting of a kneadingunit and a ball-making unit working inperfect synchrony to convert chhana massinto smooth balls of uniform size. The sameunit can produce chhana balls of differentdesirable sizes from 15 mm to 25 mmdiameter. It does not involve any contactof human hand during the process. Thesystem is easy to operate, saves labour andgives smooth hygienic balls required forpreparation of high quality rasogolla. Thedeveloped prototype has a capacity ofpreparing 3000 rasogolla balls from 18 kgchhana per hour. It can be scaled up to anydesired capacity as per the production plan

of a plant. It can save upto 80% on labourcost.

Development of Microbial Based AnalyticalSystem (lab-scale) for Specific Detection of -lactam Antibiotics in Milk(Sougata Das, Naresh Kumar, A. K. Puniyaand Lopamudra Bhattacharya)

The presence of antibiotic residues in milkis a cause of big concern for the dairyindustry as these residues may lead toinhibited starter activity, inadequateripening of cheese and affect flavor andtexture of milk products. These residuesmay also affect consumer’s health bycausing allergic reactions or bydevelopment of resistant microbial strains.The -lactam is one of the major groups ofantibiotics routinely found in milk thatinduces -lactamase enzyme production insome of the spore forming bacteria (i.e. B.cereus and B. licheniformis). The enzymeproduction is proportional to theconcentration of inducer present in milkand this hypothesis could be an effectiveapproach to detect the presence of -lactamantibiotics in milk and milk products.

In present invention, B. cereus NCDC 66was found to induce enzyme productionsignificantly by MRL doses of 6 antibioticresidues belonging to -lactam group(Penicillin, Ampicillin, Cloxacillin,Amoxicillin, Cefalexin, Cephazolin). Thedegree of enzyme induction wassignificantly higher in case of sporescompared to the vegetative cells.Analytical system was developed andconditions for enzyme production like pH,temperature, spore concentration, mediacomposition, incubation time wereoptimized. Among different parameters,whey powder appeared to play a criticalrole in enzyme induction resulting insignificant reduction in processing time ofantibiotic detection. The analytical systemwas validated using milk samples spikedwith 6 different -lactam antibiotics and

compared with AOAC approved Charm-6602 system/ lab kit process (patent: reg# IPR /4.9.1/05074 /1419/del/2006) . Theoptimized analytical system could be auseful and cost effective tool after itstransformation into a commercial kit, forthe specific detection of -lactam antibioticsin different type of milk systems (patentunder processing).

Milk Fat Attenuates Diet Induced Hypercholes- terolemia and Improves Immune System andAntioxidative Status(Ekta Bhatia and Vinod K. Kansal)

Effects of dietary anhydros milk fat (cowghee and buffalo ghee) and soybean oil werecompared on the basis of lipid profile, andimmune and antioxidant status of malealbino rats fed for three monthshypercholesterolemic diet. Increase inplasma total cholesterol was observed inrats fed diet containing soybean oil, cowghee and buffalo ghee, respectively. Theratio of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterolwas lowered by 8% on soybean oil diet,while it increased by 36% and 26% on cowghee- and buffalo ghee diet, respectively.Plasma triacylglycerols level wassignificantly lower in rats fed cow ghee dietas compared to soybean oil- and buffaloghee diet fed rats. Deposition of cholesteroland triglycerides in aorta was significantlyless on cow ghee diet opposed to soybeanoil-or buffalo ghee diet. The content of

Continuous chhana-ball forming system

Development of iodometric based analyticalprocess for specific detection of ß -lactam groupof antibiotics

Vol. 11, No. 2 July to September, 2006

Vol. 11 No. 22

NDRI News July to September, 2006

cholesterol in liver was also less in rats fedthe ghee diets opposed to soybean oil dietfed rats. Superoxide dismutase activity inblood, liver and colorectum wassignificantly higher in animals fed the gheediets as compared with animals fedsoybean oil diet. The activity of catalaseand glutathione-s-transferase in colore-ctum was higher in animals fed buffalo gheediet as compared with rats fed the othertwo diets. However, there was nodifference in blood and liver catalaseactivity and in liver glutathione-s-transferase activity among three dietarygroups. Percent phagocytosis andphagocytic index was significantly higherin animals fed ghee diets as compared withanimals fed soybean oil diet. Activities oflysosomal enzymes, -galactosidase and -glucuronidase were the highest in cow gheegroup and least in soybean oil group.These results indicated that ghee and cowghee, in particular, reduced moreeffectively atherogenic index andimproved immune and antioxidant statusin rats.

Microencapsulation of Probiotics and theirApplication in Manufacture of biodynamicMilk Chocolate(Surajit Mandal and Kishan Singh)

Probiotics are dietary components toimprove the dynamics of intestinalmicrobial balance favourably. Applicationof micro-encapsulation significantlyimproves the stability of probiotics duringfood processing and gastrointestinaltransit. Thus, the present study was aimedto encapsulate lactobacilli followed byaddition of these to milk chocolate. Theefficacy of milk chocolate containingencapsulated lactobacilli in modulatingintestinal microenvironment in mice wasalso evaluated. Based on cell-surfacehydrophobicity, ability to utilize Inulin andantimicrobial activity against indicatormicroorganisms, Lactobacillus casei NCDC298 was selected among the five lactobacillitested. The survival of the L. casei NCDC298 was found to improve at low pH, highbile salt concentration and during heattreatments when cells were encapsulatedin alginate or -carrageenan. The -carrageenan beads were found todepolymerize upon heating. However, the

matrix had a positive effect on survivalwithout affecting release of entrapped cellsin simulated colonic pH solution.Maximum survival of cells was noticed in4% alginate beads, which was furtherincreased by incorporating resistant maize-starch (2%) and coating with either stearicacid or bee wax. The lactobacilli countdecreased below the acceptable level (> 107

cfu/ g; recommended by IDF) upon 30days of storage under ambient conditions,when milk chocolate was prepared withencapsulated L. casei NCDC 298 (~108 cfu/g) and Inulin. However, under refrigeratedconditions viability of free as well asencapsulated lactobacilli was unchangedin milk chocolate upto 60 days. Sensorypanelists preferred chocolate withencapsulated lactobacilli. Milk chocolatewith encapsulated cells increased the faecallactobacilli, decreased coliforms andcarcinogenic -glucuronidase enzyme inmice when fed.

Isolation and Characterization of TanninolyticMicroorganisms and Degradation of Tannins invitro(Gunjan Goel and Kishan Singh)

Tannins, the polyphenolic compounds,have the ability to bind proteins in feed

and are reported to inhibit gastrointestinalmicroorganisms in ruminants; however,some bacteria have the capability todegrade them. Thus, the present study wasaimed to isolate such potential tanninolyticbacteria and to observe their efficacy underin-vitro conditions. For this, a total of 36tannin-degrading bacteria were isolatedfrom rumen and faecal contents of cattle,sheep, goat, wild neelgai and deer. Theisolates were identified as S. bovis biotypeI (28%), Enterococcus faecalis (25%), S. bovisbiotype II.2 (19%), S. gallolyticus (17%), S.bovis biotype II.1 (8%) and Enterobactersakazakii (3%). Tannase activity was foundin all the isolates while gallatedecarboxylase activity was found in onlytwo isolates GF2 (E. faecalis) and GF4 (E.sakazakii). Seven isolates producing highlevel of tannase were selected for furtheranalysis. Isolates GF2 and GF4 were themost tannic acid resistant to 5 and 4%,respectively and were further confirmedby species-specific PCR basedamplification targeting groES and 16SrRNA region for GF2 and GF4,respectively. The sequence of PCR productexhibited 97-98% homology with strainsof E. faecalis and E. sakazakii available atNCBI database. Tannase from isolate GF2was purified upto 25 folds andcharacterized to have Mol. wt. of 45 kDaand displayed optimum activity at 40°Cand pH 6.0. GF2 was able to degrade tannicacid into gallate, pyrogallol and resorcinolwhile GF4 degraded upto pyrogallol only.Hence, GF2 was used for in-vitrodegradation studies with babool pods.Under in-vitro conditions, isolate GF2resulted in a significant increase in IVDMD(65.7%) accompanied with significantreduction in level of tannins (67%) at 72hrs. However, changes in TVFA and NH3-N and IVCPD were non-significant for theisolate under in-vitro conditions.

Lactobacillus casei NCDC 298

Alginate capsules containing Lactobacilluscasei NCDC 298

3Vol. 11 No. 2

NDRI NewsJuly to September, 2006

Molecular Cloning, Sequence Analysis andPurification of a Glycoprotein-oviductin fromBuffalo and Goat Oviductal Tissues(M. A. Pradeep and Ashok Mohanty)

The oviductin genes from oviductal tissuesof buffalo and goat were successfullycloned and sequenced. The sequenceanalysis revealed that buffalo (1623 nt) andbovine, and goat (1620 nt) and sheepoviductins shared very high homologybetween their cDNA sequences. Thepredicted amino acid sequences of thebuffalo oviductin exhibited high identity.Similarly, goat oviduction also showedhigh identity with other reportedmammalian species. The predicted aminoacid sequence of buffalo and goatoviductins demonstrated one potential N-linked glycosylation site which seems tobe highly conserved among the ruminants,whereas non-ruminants oviductins containone to three N-glycosylation sites.Oviductins were also observed to sharehigh similarity with the bacterial andmicrofilarial chitinases and mammalianchitinase, although oviductins did notshow chitinase like activity due to GluIlle mutation in the active site responsiblefor chitinase activity. The structuralsimilarity with chitinases may conferproperties such as specific binding torelated carbohydrates. All the oviductins

seem to share common properties with thesuper family of mucin-like glycoprotein(high percentage of O-glycosylations),which is suggestive of its role as aprotective agent and an adhesion causingmolecule providing a selective physico-chemical barrier between oocytes/earlyembryos and the environment.

Effect of Feeding Genetically ModifiedCottonseed on Feed Intake, Milk Productionand Composition in Lactating Crossbred Cows(K. K. Singhal, A. K. Tyagi, Mahindra Singhand Y. S. Rajput)

In this study, influence of feedingcottonseed of genetically modified cotton(BG II) on feed intake and milk productionwas investigated. After an adaptation of20 multiparous crossbred cows on non GMcottonseed (40%) based concentratemixture and maize fodder, they weredivided into two groups. First group(control) continued on the same rationwhereas in treatment group, cottonseed ofconcentrate mixture was replaced with BGII cottonseed. Both groups were fedaccording to their nutritional requirements.There was no adverse effect of feeding BGII cottonseed on feed intake; however milkyield was higher in treatment group. Milkcomposition was similar in both thegroups. Cry 1Ac and Cry 2Ab proteinswere not detected in plasma as well as inmilk samples, drawn at various intervals.Lactating dairy cows of both the groupsmaintained their health and did not showsymptom of any disease during theexperimental period of 4 weeks. On thebasis of these results, it was concluded thatgenetically modified cottonseed could beused in the ration of cows as a source ofenergy and protein supplement.

Supplementation of Zinc to Ameliorate theToxic Effects of Cadmium on RumenFermentation in Cattle(S. V. Chandanshive, Veena Mani, Harjit Kaurand Neelam Kewalramani)

The effect of graded levels of Cadmium(Cd) on in vitro rumen fermentation andamelioration of its toxic effect through Znsupplementation was studied in cattle. Inthe first experiment, various levels of Cdranging from 0 to 20 ppm were

Zone of hydrolysis

Zone of hydrolysis by tannin degradingbacteria on T-BHI medium

supplemented to substrate (concentrateand roughage in 40:60) and incubated invitro to find out the minimum level of Cdaffecting the rumen fermentation. Secondexperiment was conducted to observe theeffect of various levels of Zn on in vitrorumen fermentation. Results revealed thatzinc supplementation upto 100 ppm hadno adverse effect on IVDMD, IVNDFD orTVFA concentration. But at higher levelsof Zn supplementation, fiber digestibilitydecreased significantly, which wascorrelated with decrease in TVFAconcentration. Ammonia nitrogenconcentration was reduced significantly at200 ppm. Thereafter, based on the results,100 ppm Zn level was selected for in vivostudies. Results revealed that adverseeffects of color rumen fermentation couldbe reduced to some extent bysupplementation of zinc at 100 ppm levelin crossbreed calves.

Influence of Administration of AnaerobicFungi Isolated from Wild Blue Bull(Boselaphus Tragocamelus) on FibreUtilization in Buffalo Calves(Vimal K. Tripathi and J. P. Sehgal

The fungi Orpinomyces sp C-14 isolatedfrom domestic cow and the fungi identifiedas Piromyces sp. WNG-12 isolated from thewild blue bull (Nil gai) having higher rateof hydrolytic activity were administeredin male buffalo calves @ 160 ml of fungalculture (106 CFU/ml) fed with a wheatstraw based complete feed mixture, toobserve their effect on fiber utilization.Dosing of Piromyces sp. WNG-12 andOrpinomyces sp. C-14 cultures to calves onevery alternate or 4th day, up to 150 daysof experimental period resulted in 29.74and 20.55 % higher body weight gain inbuffalo calves, respectively over the controlgroup. Feed efficiency of wheat strawbased complete feed was enhanced by31.50 percent following the dosing ofPiromyces sp. WNG-12 fungal culture inbuffalo calves. Nutrient digestibility ofwheat straw based complete feed increased(P<0.05) with the dosing of both the fungalcultures over control, thereby increasing(P<0.05) the TDN value of feed. However,overall performance of Piromyces sp.WNG-12 was better than Orpinomyces sp.C-14.

Vol. 11 No. 24

NDRI News July to September, 2006

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLTRANSFER OF TECHNOLTRANSFER OF TECHNOLTRANSFER OF TECHNOLTRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGOGOGOGOGYYYYY

KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA (KVK)/DAIRYTRAINING CENTER (DTC)

Krishi Vigyan Kendra organized 26training programmes (both On and Off-campus) on different aspects of AnimalHusbandry & Dairying, Dairy Processing,Crop Production, Vermiculture and HomeScience participated by 508 Male and 128Female trainees including farmers, farm-women, rural youth, school drop outs, in-service personnel and youth leaders. Themandays trained were 1510.

Various animal health managementactivities were organized throughstockmen centres in adopted villages ofKVK. At these centres, a total of 1830 cases

were attended out of which 716 cattle and437 buffaloes were artificially inseminatedand as a result 383 calves were born.Pregnancy diagnosis in 68 cattle and 58buffaloes was carried out. Besides these,86 animals were treated, 51 dehorned and31 treated for infertility. Three animalhealth management campaigns were alsoorganized and 1140 cases were attendedcovering general treatment, tick control,deworming, pregnancy diagnosis andinfertility treatment.

Extension Activities

• A training programme on womenempowerment was organised at village

Arjaheri on 22nd August, 2006 for 60farm-women and rural girls. Theywere explained about various activitiesof the KVK and a practical demons-tration on making and use ofvermicompost was also organized atthe same village.

• One week campaign was organised toeducate the farmers and farm-womenof Karnal district to use variousmethods for eradication of partheniumgrass from 6th-12th September, 2006. Inthis context during the Kisan Melaorganized at Directorate of WheatResearch Institute on 9th September,

Academic Activities

• During the period, Degrees wereawarded to 64 Post Graduate Studentsin Dairying and 21 B.Tech. (DT)Students.

• Admission process for the academicsession 2006-07 for B.Tech. (DT), M.Sc./M.V.Sc./ M.Tech. and Ph.D. inDairying programme was closed on 30th

August, 2006. One Iranian student wasadmitted to M.Sc. programme in the

discipline of Animal Genetics andBreeding. Two students from Ethiopiaand Iran were also admitted in Ph.D.programme in the discipline ofLivestock Production andManagement.

AAAAACADEMIC AFFCADEMIC AFFCADEMIC AFFCADEMIC AFFCADEMIC AFFAIRS/DEEMED UNIVERSITY NEWSAIRS/DEEMED UNIVERSITY NEWSAIRS/DEEMED UNIVERSITY NEWSAIRS/DEEMED UNIVERSITY NEWSAIRS/DEEMED UNIVERSITY NEWS

Scholars Qualified for the Award of Ph. D. Degree

Scholar Guide/Discipline Title of ThesisMs. Preeti Singh Dr. G. K. Goyal, (Dairy Technology) Studies on the modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) of Pizza.Ms. Shashi Prabha Dr. Dharam Pal, (Dairy Technology) Development of Technology for the manufacture of dietetic burfi.Mr. Satya Pal Dr. S. L. Goswami (Animal Biotechnology) Molecular characterization of FSHB and FSH receptor genes in buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis).Mr. Biswajit Roy Dr. P. K. Nagpaul (Livestock Influence of zinc supplementation on semen quality and sexual behaviour of

Production & Management) crossbred and Murrah buffalo bulls.Ms. Harpreet Dr. S. K. Kanawjia (Dairy Technology) Development of technology for extended shelf life of fruit lassi.Kaur KhuranaMr. Uttam Sarkar Dr. A. K. Gupta (Animal Genetics & Breeding) Genetic characterization of growth hormone gene in Murrah buffaloes and its association

with production and reproduction traits.Ms. Riti Singh Dr. S. L. Goswami (Animal Biotechnology) Characterization of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) gene in buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis).Mr. Amit Ranjan Dr. S. L. Goswami (Dairy Microbiology) Cloning and characterization of a plasmid from a lactobacillus spp. isolated from

cheddar cheese.Mr. Aynalem Haile Dr. B. K. Joshi (Animal Genetics & Breeding) Genetic and economic analysis of zebu cattle and their crosses with Holstein friesian in

central Ethiopia.Ms. Upasyana Singh Dr. B. S. Malik (Dairy Extension Education) Multi-dimensional impact of women dairy cooperative societies on beneficiaries in Haryana.Ms. Shalini Mathur Dr. Rameshwar Singh (Dairy Microbiology) Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in streptococcus thermophilus.Mr. Londhe Gajendra Dr. Dharam Pal (Dairy Technology) Development of a process for manufacture and shelf Kondiba life extension of brown peda.

CorrigendumCorrigendumCorrigendumCorrigendumCorrigendum

The information given on page 3 of NDRI News, Vol. 10, No. 4 may be read as

Scholars Qualified for the Award of Ph.D. DegreeScholars Qualified for the Award of Ph.D. DegreeScholars Qualified for the Award of Ph.D. DegreeScholars Qualified for the Award of Ph.D. DegreeScholars Qualified for the Award of Ph.D. DegreeScholar Guide/Discipline Title of Thesis

Mr. Bhagat Singh Dr. Rattan Chand (Dairy Microbiology) Novel health promoting polyfunctional bioactive peptides(PFBP) from milk fermented with lactobacillus helveticus.

Mr. Surajit Mandal Dr. Kishan Singh (Dairy Microbiology) Microencapsulation of probiotics and their application inmanufacture of biodynamic milk chocolate.

5Vol. 11 No. 2

NDRI NewsJuly to September, 2006

RECENT HAPPENINGSRECENT HAPPENINGSRECENT HAPPENINGSRECENT HAPPENINGSRECENT HAPPENINGS

A Workshop on Technology and Equipment forProcessing and Quality Assurance of Foods

A workshop on “Technology andEquipment for Processing and QualityAssurance of Foods” was organized byDairy Technology Division & sponsoredby Department of Science and Technology,Govt. of India at NDRI-Karnal from 23rd-24th August, 2006. A total of 100 delegatesattended the workshop from ICARInstitutes, State Agri. Universities and

Dairy/Food Industry. The workshop wasinaugurated by Prof. Anwar Alam, Vice-Chancellor, Sher-e-Kashmir University ofAgri. & Tech. of Kashmir, Srinagar.

There were four technical sessions and onepanel discussion. The valedictory functionwas chaired by Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director,NDRI, Karnal and in his inauguraladdress, he stressed the need to developtechnological and quality assurancepackage for dairy products to enhance theacceptability of Indian products in globalmarket. An Exhibition was also arrangedduring the workshop and analyticalequipments, products, ingredients,technologies were displayed by variousresearch Divisions of NDRI and differentprivate companies. Dr. Sushil Kumar,Director NDRI chaired the plenary sessionof the workshop and emphasized the focuson research and development efforts forgreater value addition alongwithautomation and maintenance of excellent

hygienic standards. Dr. G. S. Chauhan,Director, NRC on Soybean, Indore was theChief guest for the plenary session.

National Agricultural Innovation Project(NAIP) Awareness Building Workshop

NDRI, Karnal organized a “NAIPAwareness Building Workshop” on 26th

Aug., 2006 sponsored by `ProjectImplementation Unit’ of National

2006, the farmers were demonstratedthe biological control method forcontrol of parthenium grass in thepresence of 30 farm-women from fivedistricts of Haryana, the Director, NDRIreleased the zygogramma bicolorota on12th September, 2006.

• A special training programme wasorganised on Sustainable MixedFarming comprising of dairying andcrop production for thirty farm-womenof Ambala, Yamunanagar, Rewari,Panchkula and Mahendergarh from12th – 14th Sept., 2006.

• One day seminar was organised onDairy Development at village Singhrafor 100 dairy farmers from Ambala,Panipat and Karnal on 25th September,2006. On this occasion, a demonstrationon silage making was also conductedat the farmers’ field.

• An exhibition of KVK activities wasorganized at the Directorate of WheatResearch, Karnal on 9th September 2006.

A view of inaugural session of Workshop onTechnology and Equipment for Processing andQuality Assurance of Foods

Revenue Generated by KVK (July toSeptember, 2006)

Particulars Amount (Rs.)

• Training Fee from : 46,853KVK courses

• Tuition fee from Visits : 6,000conducted

• Crop Production Unit : 19,648• Bee-keeping Unit : 7,485• Fisheries Unit : 17,465• Horticulture Unit : 3,550• Vermiculture Unit : 220• Room Rent from : 7,040

Farmers’ Hostel• Dairy Vikas Kendras : 24,860• Sale of books : 2,645

Total : 1,35,766

CONSULTANCY SERVICES

A consultancy research project entitled“Effect of virginiamycin on in vitro rumenfermentation in crossbred cattle” for PfizerLimited, Mumbai was concluded. It wasfound that supplementation of wheatstraw based diets (R:C 60:40) withvirginiamycin had stimulatory effect onrumen fermentation and it increased themicrobial protein synthesis besidesincreasing the molar proportion ofpropionate in rumen

Revenue Generated Through ConsultancyServices (July to September, 2006)

Particulars Amount (Rs.)

• Collaborative Research : 1,80,525Project

• Sale of Semen : 3,48,065• Consultancy Services : 60,093• Supply of Cultures : 39,200• Analytical Work : 13,000• Training Charges : 4,36,922• Sale of Kit : 8,600• C.D. Charges : 300

Total : 10, 86,705

NAIP awareness building workshop inprogress

• Subject-matter specialists of KVKrendered advisory services to 139needy farmers through personalcontact and correspondence.

Vol. 11 No. 26

NDRI News July to September, 2006

Agricultural Innovation Project. Theworkshop sensitized officials and researchmanagers from ICAR Institutes, SAUs,traditional Universities, private researchorganizations and State Govts. from NorthIndia. More than 60 persons representingICAR Institutes located at Karnal; PAULudiana; GPPUAT, Pantnagar; SVBP Agric& Technol. University, Meerut; Sher-e-Kashmir Univ. Agri. & Tech., Jammu;GADVASU, Ludhiana; IARI, New Delhi;M.D. University, Rohtak; CIRG,Makhdoom; University of Delhi; CSIO,Chandigarh; CIRB, Hisar; CCSHAU, Hisar;CIPHET, Ludhiana; NRC on Equine, Hisar;ICAR Head Quarter and otherOrganizations participated in workshop.National Coordinator, Dr. K. P. Agrawal

and Sr. FAO, Mrs. Rasmi Rao, PIU-NAIPpresented informative lectures coveringscope of NAIP, administrative and financialaspects of funding under NAIP. Dr. SushilKumar, the Director NDRI, Karnalinaugurated workshop. Dr. S. L. Goswami,Joint Director (Res.) and Dr. G. R. Patil, JointDirector (A) also graced the occasion.

Training Programmes

The following training programmes wereorganized for staff of NDRI:

• Training programme on “Statistics andGraphical Analysis using MS-Excel” on26th – 27th July, 2006.

• Training programme on “Network andBasic Internet Operations” on 28th – 29th

July, 2006.

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

25.07.2006 A five member delegationfrom Israel led by Mr. AmirFishler, Assistant to thePresident of Israel.

25.08.2006 Dr. Nicola Jane, Ecosyl

Products Ltd., Giyn Helyg,Gorsgoch, LianybydderCeredigion, England andDr. Kevin Brewer, Commu-nication Director, EcosylProducts Ltd., ReseberryCourt, Ellerback WayStokesley, Middlesbrough,England.

02.09.2006 Dr. Grady William Chism,and Dr. Paul M. Hansen,Ohio State University, USA.

22.09.2006 Dr. Sanjay Saha, JointDirector, Dr. Prabir KumarPathak and Dr. PrabalRanjan Ghosh from PaschimBanga Go-Sampad BikashSanstha, Govt. of WestBengal, Kolkata.

27.09.2006 Prof. K. Bijay Kumar,Chairman, Commission forScientific & TechnicalTerminology, Ministry ofHuman ResourceDevelopment, Dept. ofSecondary and HigherEducation, Govt. of India,New Delhi.

HONOURS/AWARDS

Dr. R. K. Swain and Dr. (Mrs.) Harjit Kaur,Principal Scientist, Dairy Cattle NutritionDivision received “Best Paper Award” ontheir paper entitled “Influence of dietaryprotein on growth, certain blood

metabolites and metabolic hormones incrossbred calves” published in Ind.J. Dairy and Biosci., 14:9-13.

Mr. M. Arul Murugan, Ph.D Scholar inthe discipline of Animal Biochemistry wasawarded the “Commonwealth Split–SiteScholarship”, tenable at Royal VeterinaryCollege, University of London, U.K., fora period of one year from October, 2006.

Dr. S. K. Tomer, Sr. Scientist and Dr. J. P.Sehgal Principal Scientist, Dairy CattleNutrition Division received second prizefor their poster presentation in Hindi on15.9.06 at NDRI, Karnal.

VISIT ABROAD

• Dr. K. K. Singhal, Head, Dairy CattleNutrition Division attended 12th AAAPCongress at Busan, Republic of SouthKorea from 18 to 22nd Sept., 2006 andpresented a paper entitled “Effect offeeding cottonseed produced fromBollgard II cotton on feed intake, milkproduction, and milk composition inlactating crossbred cows”.

• Dr. S. K. Jha, Sr. Scientist, DairyExtension Division visited HumboldtUniversity, Berlin, Germany underscheme entitled “Research Stays andStudy visits for University Academicsand Scientists” from 17th - 30th July,2006.

PERSONALIA

Appointment/Joining

• Dr. S. S. Kundu, Principal Scientist(Animal Nutrition) joined at NDRI,Karnal on his transfer from IFGRI,Jhansi w.e.f. 12.07.2006.

Promotions

• Dr. Raj Vir Singh, Principal Scientist& Acting Head appointed as regularHead of DES&M Division at NDRI,Karnal w.e.f. 09.08.2006.

• Sh. P. Aravindakshan, TechnicalOfficer, SRS, Bangalore promoted fromT-6 to T-7-8 w.e.f 03.02.2006.

• Sh. B. K. Rajashekaraiah, TechnicalOfficer, SRS, Bangalore promoted fromT-5 to T-6 w.e.f 01.01.2006.

Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI addressingparticipants during inaugural session ofAwareness Building Workshop under NAIP

Delegation from Israel at NDRI, Karnal

7Vol. 11 No. 2

NDRI NewsJuly to September, 2006

SOUTHERN REGIONAL STSOUTHERN REGIONAL STSOUTHERN REGIONAL STSOUTHERN REGIONAL STSOUTHERN REGIONAL STAAAAATIONTIONTIONTIONTION, BANGAL, BANGAL, BANGAL, BANGAL, BANGALOREOREOREOREORE

RESEARCH NEWS

Enrichment of Milk with Functional Peptidesfrom Hydrolysed Whey Proteins (Jenny AnnJohn and Bikash C. Ghosh)

Whey proteins are considered to be a goldmine for bioactive peptides. Enzymatichydrolysis is one of the ways in which thelow molecular weight bioactive peptidesare released and these have improvedfunctional properties and variousbioactivities such as antioxidative,antihypertensive, opioid, mineral bindingetc. The peptides are however bitter in tastewhich limits their application in food. Torelease these peptides, enzymatic digestionusing Flavourzyme was carried out toobtain higher amounts of lower molecularweight bioactive peptides with lessbitterness. The time taken for hydrolysisand the bitterness increased with increasein protein concentration and with degreeof hydrolysis (DH), respectively.Electrophoretic studies of the hydrolysatesfrom the 10 and 15% protein solution

showed the presence of lower molecularweight peptides up to 3 kD with 5 and 7%DH. As the DH increased, the lowermolecular weight bands became lighterindicating further breakdown of peptidesinto amino acids (vide Fig. 1). Differentdebittering agents like sodiumhexametaphosphate, starch, sodiumalginate, guar gum and glycine were usedduring or after hydrolysis. Addition ofmasking agents into the WPC solutionduring hydrolysis was more effective inreducing bitterness than after hydrolysis.Starch was found to be the most suitablemasking agent.

Transfer of Technology

Demonstration of dairy products fortransfer of technology : One daydemonstration of various dairy productsdeveloped at NDRI (Southern campus)was held for Bangalore Milk Union. Theprogramme was held at ExperimentalDairy of the Institute on 3rd July, 2006. Theproducts demonstrated were curd rice,mozzarella cheese, cream spread, pizza,high consistency dahi and yoghurt.Managing Director and General Managerof Bangalore Dairy along with theirofficials discussed the various aspects ofthe products demonstrated and evincedkeen interest in adopting some of thetechnologies.

Training Programmes

• Training on Dairy Farming from 7th

Aug. – 2nd Sept., 2006 for seven defencecandidates sponsored by Govt. of India.

• Sh. H. K. Khurana, Sh. S. S. Bhinder andSh. A. K. Kohli, Technical Officerspromoted from T-5 (W/S) to T-6(W/S) w.e.f. 24.02.2006.

• Sh. Gian Singh, Technical Officerpromoted from T-5 (Lab Computer) toT-6 (Lab Computer) w.e.f. 10-01-2006.

Transfers

• Dr. K. Narsaiah, Scientist (Sr. Scale)relieved from NDRI, Karnal to join asSr. Scientist (ASPE) at CIPHET,Ludhiana w.e.f. 19.07.2006.

• Sh. V. Ramesh, Technical Officer (T-5)transferred from SRS of NDRI,Bangalore to NIANP, Bangalore30.08.2006

Retirements

• Dr. J. C. Markandey, Principal Scientistretired from Council’s service w.e.f.31.07.2006.

• Dr. R.C. Saha, Scientist (SelectionGrade), Animal Nutrition, ERS Kalyaniretired from Council’s service w.e.f.31.07.06

• Dr. S. K. Anand, Sr. Scientist tookvoluntary retirement from Council’sw.e.f. 18.08.2006.

Announcement

Animal Nutrition Society of India (ANSI) is organizing an International TropicalAnimal Nutrition Conference- 2007 as its Silver Jubilee celebration of the societywith the collaboration of NDRI, Karnal from 4th – 7th Oct., 2007 at NDRI, Karnal. Thetheme of the conference is “Animal Nutrition in Tropics- Constraints &Opportunities”. The scientific programme shall consist of technical sessions, roundtables, satellite symposia besides a special session on Scientist- Industry- FarmersInteraction. The key dates are as follows:2nd Announcement : 30th Dec., 2006Intent of Participation : 28th Feb., 2007Submission of Abstracts : 30th Mar., 2007Acceptance Notification : 30th May, 2007Payment of Registration Fees : 30th June, 2007

Electrophoregram of hydrolysates from10% whey protein solution

Lane: (1) Standard (2) Whole WPC (3) 5% DH (4) 7% DH(5) 9% DH (6) 11% DH (7) Standard

• Sh. Chhelu Ram, Technical OfficerT-5, Driver, retired from Council’sservice w.e.f. 31.07.2006.

• Sh. H. K. Khurana, Technical OfficerT-5, retired from Council’s service w.e.f.31.08.2006.

Vol. 11 No. 28

NDRI News July to September, 2006

Designing & Printing : INTECH GRAPHICS, 51-A, Model Town, Karnal -132001 Tel. 0184-2271451, 3092951 (O) E-mail : vivek_intech@gmail.com

Chief Editor : Dr. S. L. Goswami, Joint Director (Res.)

Editors : Dr. (Mrs.) Meena Malik Layout & Design : Mr. Sunil SharmaMr. Braj Kishor Photography : Mr. G. D. Joshi

Published by : Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI, Karnal

Gram : DAIRYSEARCH, Fax : 0184-2250042, Tel. : 0184-2252800, E-mail : sushil_5k@rediffmail.com

RESEARCH NEWS

Isolation and Preservation of Cattle Oocytes inLiquid Nitrogen by Vitrification(S. K. Das and A. K. Santra)

The study was carried out to isolate theoocytes from cattle ovaries, randomlycollected from Kolkata slaughter house,and preserve thereafter in liquid nitrogen.Immature cattle oocytes were isolated fromslaughter house ovaries by three differentmethods (aspiration, slicing andpuncturing). Isolated oocytes were gradedin four categories (A, B, C and D)depending on the presence of surroundingcumulus cells. The graded oocytes were

EASTERN REGIONAL STEASTERN REGIONAL STEASTERN REGIONAL STEASTERN REGIONAL STEASTERN REGIONAL STAAAAATIONTIONTIONTIONTION, K, K, K, K, KALALALALALYYYYYANIANIANIANIANI

washed 3-4 times in DPBS + 10% BSA,followed by equilibrated in theequilibration solution (50% VSED + 50%DPBS) and kept in vitrification solution(VSED contains ethylene glycol, dimethylsulphoxide, sodium pyruvate, glucose andbovine serum albumin) for 1 min. beforeloading in the plastic straw using loadingbuffer (DPBS + sucrose). The loaded strawswere vitrified in the liquid nitrogen vaporand then plunged into liquid nitrogen forstoring and future use.

Extension Activities

The orientation programme for thescientific dairy farming was organized on

8th and 14th September, 2006. Theorientation programme was attended bywomen members of self help groups from24 north paraganas, West Bengal andAssam. The trainees were demonstratedon-going livestock and agricultural farmpractices and round the table interactionswere carried out with subject matterspecialist scientists. A group of sevenfarmers from Bihar also had an exposureto the various activities of the campus. Inaddition, 14 women members of the dairyco-operative societies under Kisan MilkUnion in Nadia Distt. interacted with thescientists on dairy farming practices.

• 10 day training on Preparation of Ice-Cream and Indigenous Dairy Productsfrom 4th – 13th Oct., 2006 for fivecandidates sponsored by PondicherryCooperative Milk Producers’ UnionLtd., Pondicherry.

Extension Activities

• A total no. of 410 visitors in 11 batchescomprising students from variouseducational Institutes of southernregion, farmers and entrepreneursvisited the station during the periodunder report. The visitors were takenround the various sections of thestations and were explained the ongoingactivities.

• Advisory services were rendered tofour farmers / dairy entrepreneurs onscientific dairy farming aspects andinitiating dairy projects duringpersonal visits.

• Extension literature on dairy

production and processing wasdistributed to the needy clientelegroups.

• A special programme on green fodderproduction was organised at theadopted village, Sriramanahalli on12.10.2006 for the beneficiaries of thegreen fodder development programmeinitiated by the NGOs. Lecturepresentations on green fodderproduction and balanced feeding weremade by subject matter specialists. Aninformative video show on greenfodder production was presented to theclientele during the training session.

• Regular weekly visits were made by theextension team to the adopted villagesunder Rural Extension Programme forthe benefit of the clientele group in theadopted villages to provide necessarydairy extension services in the villages.A vaccination programme wasorganised for goat pox covering 375

animals at adopted villages, AnajwadiDoddi and B. S. Doddi of Kanakapurataluk.

• A guest Lecture was organized byAlumni Association, NDRI, Bangaloreon the topic “Handwriting is mindreading” on 25th Sept., 2006 inConference Hall. The speaker was Mr.Rafiullah Baig, President of HandWriting Institute of India, Bangalore.The Lecture was attended by about 70alumni and invitees.

• The Fortieth Annual General BodyMeeting of Alumni Association ofNDRI (Southern Campus) was held on25th Sept., 2006. The Meeting wasattended by over 80 alumni includingsenior alumni like Dr. K. K. Iya andDr. R. Nagarcenkar. During theproceedings, 15th volume of IndianJournal of Dairy and Biosciences wasreleased by Dr. K. T. Sampath, Directorof National Institute of AnimalNutrition and Physiology, Bangalore.