Report on paintINTRODUCTIONHISTORY FUNCTIONS AND USESCLASSIFICATIONS OF

PAINTSPAINTS BASED ON

CLASSIFICATIONTYPES OF PAINTSPAINT TOOLSPROPERTIES FAILURES

DEFINE PAINTA paint is a solution

or suspension of pigment , binder and mineral solvent.

A thin dry film so formed by this solution is , then applied to a surface which is used as a decorative or protective coating.

HISTORY OF PAINTColor or paints has been with us for more than 20,000

years. Evidence survives in early cave paintings and ancient Chinese are considered to have brought its manufacture and use to a state of perfection tens of thousands of years ago.

One of the earliest recorded colors discoveries was made by plato who discovered that by mixing two colors, a third is produced , therefore changing ‘ manufacture ‘ of color forever.

5000 years ago ,Blue Frit was first synthetic pigment being produced by Egyptians.

Before 19th century word ‘paint’ was only applied to oil- bound types, those bound with glue were called ‘ distemper’.

FUNCTION OF PAINTPaint is used to protect , preserve, decorate, or

add functionality to an object or surface by covering it with a pigmented coating.

An example of protection is to retard corrosion of metal.

An example of decoration is to add festive trim to a room’s interior

An example of added functionally is to modify light reflection or heat radiation of a surface . Also , use of color to identify hazards or to identify the function or equipment and pipelines.

USES OF PAINTSTo protect material from weathering oxidation

process and damages by insects.To improve the beauty of material.To facilitate the cleaning process of surfaceTo give high class finish , attractive colors and

pleasing surfaces design and appearance .To protect various substances from corrosion .To make materials long lasting.Paints can be used for material made of

wood, steel, concrete and brick.

PAINTS CLASSIFICATIONIndustrial paints – Subdivided by their intended

service : Corrosion – resistant coatings, high temperature coatings, and coatings for immersion service

Architectural paints – are air drying materials applied by brush or spray to architectural and structural surfaces and forms for decorative and protective purposes

Commercial paints – are air drying or baking-cured materials applied by brush , spray, or magnetic agglomeration to kitchen and laundry appliances ,automobile , machinery, and furniture and used as highway marking materials

TYPE OF PAINTSINTERIORSWALLS- Distemper,

Luster, Enamel, Emulsion

METALS- EnamelWOOD- Wood finish

EXTERIORSEmulsionTexturedCement

PAINTS BASED ON APPLICATION PRIMERBINDERSOLVENTADDITIVESEMULSIONLACQUERENAMELWOOD STAIN

PRIMER Primer is a

preparatory coating put on materials before painting . Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface , increases paint durability and provides additional protection for material being painted.

BINDERThe binder or resin

is actual film forming component that must be present in paint.

Binders can be categorized according to drying or curing mechanism.

SOLVENTThe main purpose of

solvent is to adjust the viscosity of paint film. It can also control flow and application properties and affect the stability of the paint white in liquid state . It main function is as the carrier for non volatile components.

MTO or xylem is main solvent for industrial paints.

Water is main solvent for water based paints.

ADDITIVESAdditives are usually

added in small amounts to provide a significant effect on the product

Example- to modify surface tension, improve flow properties improve pigment stability, control foaming etc.

Other types of additives include catalysts, thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, adhesion promoters etc.

TYPE OF PAINTSINTERIORSWALLS- Distemper,

Luster, Enamel, Emulsion

METALS- EnamelWOOD- Wood finish

EXTERIORSEmulsionTexturedCement

PAINTS IN COMMON USE ARE CLASSIFIED AS:Oil paintsPlastic paintsCement paintsBituminous paintsWater paintsDistemper paint Epoxy paintWood stainEnamel

LacquerEmulsion paint

OIL PAINT It is a type of slow drying

paint consisting of small pigment particles suspended in a drying oil.

It is widely used for painting wooden and metallic surfaces in all kinds of engineering , industrial and other decorative works. Various oils like linseed oil, poppy oil, and caster oil etc. are used as carrier.

While using , it is proper to give two to three coatings so as to obtain good results.

PLASTIC PAINTSIn addition to other

ingredients this paint contains requisite amount of plastic

It is used wherever high class work is required , such as sophisticated buildings, showrooms, theaters and auditoriums. The paint can be easily applied on plastered wall.

CEMENT PAINTS It consists of white

cement[70%], hydrated lime [15%], pigments[5 to 8%] sodium or calcium chlorides hygroscopic salts[ 5%] and small amount of aluminum [1%] .

These paints are made available in powder form. Water is added to paint just before use .

Cement paints mainly used over the plastered surfaces.

BITUMINOUS PAINTS Bituminous paints are

prepared by dissolving bitumen in petroleum or other solvent oil.

These black coloured paints leave hard , tough and elastic surfaces .

These are highly resistant to water and highly resistant to water and specially used for submerged iron and steel structure .

WATER PAINTS It is mixer of pigment,

binder , drier and water Casein is the most

common by binder used in these paints.

These paints are cheap , easily workable washable when proper set.

They also give goon finishing and are suitable for inside walls.

DISTEMPER PAINTS It consists of chalk [ finely

powdered] , pigment and animal glue.

These are in powdered form and sometimes available in paste form also[ with addition of linseed oil] .

These are mixed with water at the time of use and applied on plastered surfaces. [ like walls, ceiling etc.] with brushes.

They give a better finish and are long lasting. They are suitable for high class interior decorative finishing work on walls and ceilings of all kinds of buildings.

epoxy paintIt is a high quality two-

component epoxy polyamide system that has exceptional adhesion to practically any surface including steel tanks , galvanized iron , pipeline , aluminum , structural steel etc. Has excellent corrosion resistance and sealing properties.

WOOD STAINIt is a type of paint

that is very thin that is low in viscosity and formulated so that pigment penetrates the surface rather than remaining in a film on the top of the surface . Stain is predominantly pigment or dye.

ENAMEL PAINT Enamel is a especially hard,

usually glossy finish. It contain either glass powder or tiny metal flake fragments instead of color pigments found in standard oil – based paints. It is also mixed with varnish to increase shine as well as assist its hardening process.

QDE [ Quick Drying Enamel ] is an alkyd type paint that provides great durability while being noted as a fast drying paint . It is formulated to give a tough , durable , beautiful and high build film on wood and metal.

LACQUER`It is a clear or

colored coating that dries by solvent evaporation , usually a fast dry solvent – based paint or varnish that produces an especially hard durable finish.

EMULSION PAINTIt is Water – based

paint used for painting interior or exterior surface.

COMMON PAINTS TOOLS BRUSHSPRAYROLLER

PROPERTIES OF GOOD PAINTS It should give a thin and uniform coating.Painted surface should not crack on drying. It should be hard and durable on drying. It should be resistant to weathering and corrosive

action. It should be water repellent [ except water paints] It should have good spread, good adhesive power. It should give a good finish with attractive colors ,

design and appearance.Colors should be fast and permanent. It should be cheap and economical.

FAILURE OF PAINT PEELING/ BLISTERING – Most commonly due to

improper surface treatment before application and inherent moisture / dampness being present in the substrate.

CRACKING – Cracking of paint film is due to the unequal expansion or contraction of paint coats .It usually happens the coats of paint are not allowed to cure/ dry completely before next coat is applied.

EROSION – It is very quick chalking , occurs due to external agents like air water etc.

VOCs[ volatile organic compounds] in pains are considered harmful to the environment and especially for people who work with them on a regular basis.

-- MANISHA AGARWAL

THANKYOU