I\~ ~~ " ,) , 6~ IndepE "i:ldent Board of Inquiry

P.D.Box 32293 Braamfonteln 2017 Johannesburg South Afl1ca Phone (011) 403-3256/7 Fax (011) 403-1366

Report for MAY 1993

v

BOARD MEMBERS: 0.. Aiel( SOIoine, Mn Judy Cholmers, Rev Dr Fronk Chikone, Dr Max Co/emon, M1 arion CUffin, Prof John Duggord, Mrs Sheena Duncon, Mr Peler Kelchoff, Mn.lydio Kompe, Mrs Emma fv\ashinini, Bf Jude PioIoISO, ArchbidlOP Desmond Tulu

CONTENTS I, ~'

I. INTRODUCTION .... . ... 0 ••• 0 ••• 0 ••• 0 ••• • . 1 - 4

, II . STATE INSTITUTIONS

2.1 The South African Defence Force (SADF) 4 - 5

2.1.1 Joint Control of security Forces ...... 5 7

2. 1.2 Hilitary intelligence .....•... . ....... 7 - 8

2.2 The South African Police (SAP) ....... 9 - 10

2 . 2 . 1 ApIa . . .•...... 1 0 - 13

2.3 The National Peace Accord . ..... ..• . . . •... 14

III . RIGHT WING

3.1 Conservative Party ....... .•...•...... 15 - 16

3.2 Afrik ane r Volk sfront ... .. .•... •.. .... 16 - 18

3 . 3 Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging . .•••. . .•... 1 8

-2-

IV. THE GOLDSTONE COMMISSION

4.1 Train Violence ••.• .. •• •• ••••• . ..•.. . 19 - 20

V. ATTACK ON INDIVIDUALS ..... . . .• ... •• . . .. 20 - 21

5.1 -Thumj- Padi and Nokuzola Neal a ..... . 21 - 23

5.2 Joe slovo ....•. .•......•.. . , ...••• .. . . 23 - 2 4

5.3 Chri s Hani •• .. .....•. . .. ..• _ ••.•.•... . 24 - 25

5.4 Dennis Makhanya . . . . • . ••. . • ....• • ...... 25 - 27

5.5 Solly Smith . .. .• ... . .. • ..•. . ... • . . ......... 27

5.6 Sydney Mufamadi ... . . .. ...••... . • .... . . 28 - 29

VI .NATAL •••••• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 29

5 .1 Bhambayi . .. . ... • . .• .. . ..••..•. .• ...• .. . . . 30

5.2 Edendale .• .• • ..• _. , _ ..•.••.. ... •.... • ..... . 31

5.3 Xwamakhutla ••• .••• • 0 ••••••••• • • ••• •••••••• • 31

" 'J -3-

VII. REEF VIOLENCE

7.1 East Rand

7.1.1

Thokoza .. .. • ... •. 1 • ••• • • . •••••••••• • •••••• 32 - 37

7.2 Vaal .• . .. •. .. • .•. • • •• • ••• • •••• • •• • • .••.... 37

7.2 .1 Boipatong massa cre .. ....•...•....... 38 - 41

VIII. WESTERN TRANSVAAL

8.1 carletonville/Khutsong. . . • ....... 41 - 48

IX. WE STERN CAPE ... .•... • •... . ... • ...•.... 48 - 49

9.1 M~chael Mapongwana ..... .••. •• . ..• • .... 4 9 - 50

X. E-ASTERN CAPE AND BORDER ••.• ..• • .. .• .. . . 50 - 51

10.1 Cisk ei ... . .. . . • .. '.' ...•...•......... 5 1 - 52

XI. CONCLUSION .. ...•...•.... . ... . .. _. 0 .... 52 - 53

I. INTRODUCTION: ,

Violence

following

believes

Inkatha

flared in the East Rand during Hay

ANC march in Tilokoza. The Board an

that irrespective of the march past the

aligned hostel there was

that there was going to be

every likelih ood

an outbreak of

violence in the area.

Violence

months.

has been simmering in the East Rand for

Residents opposite the Thokoza

hostel

Hani's

their

came under

living

attack for atte n d i ng Chris

from funeral, others have been driven

homes, residents have been forced to attend

meetings

bailout

in the hostel

IFP members

and to contribute money

arrested by the SAP

to

on

murder, assault and firearm 'Charges .

A deep seated revenge element has entered the

political arena in

the shooting of 13

residents of the

Thokoza and Xatlehong. After

marchers on Saturday Hay 22,

nearby Handela Squatter camp,

which is ANC aligned, attacked the IFP dominated

squatter

clearly

camp

one of

called Crossroads. The attack was

revenge tor the shooting of ANC

marchers. In the ensuing attack, several women

and children were killed and houses set alight.

this attack, Crossroads was reinforced Following

by hostel dwellers staying at the Kwesine and

Buyafuthi hostels in Katlehong.

-2-

This joint force then attacked the residents of

Havimbela section leaving chaos in their wake.

Later in the week at least two people identified

as IFP members were burnt in ThokoZB . In a

particularly

the Phola

gruesome act - s€veral residents of

Park squatter camp kidnapped Julia

Ht.shali an

her . Some

IFP leader from Ratlehong and burnt

of her body parts were then allegedly

used for muti (for ritual purposes).

The vi ole n ce seems to f ee d on itself and until

such time as the police dnd court s are seen as

institutions which put perpetrators of the

violence behind bars, people will continue to

take matters into their own hands.

A further disturbing

violence

committee

Transvaal,

perpetrated

(BEC) of

on members

ANe Women's League,

development has been the

by the ANC branch executi ve

Carletonville, Western

of the ANC Youth League,

members of the Congress of

South African Students (Cosas) and r esidents .

Several members of

chairperson, the

the

deputy

BEe including

chairperson,

the

the

treasurer and a number of additional members have

been implicated in acts of violence in the

township.

The Board

statements

the BEC.

opened at

-3-

is in posession of photographs and

from people who have been attacked by

The local Khutsong police station has

least 25 cases ranging from murder,

assault and arson in relation to allegations made

against various members of the BEC. The situation

in Xhutsong has been raised with both the PWV

region of the ANC and the national office of the

ANC as well with various peace structures.

The Board is particularly disturbed at this turn

of events .

instrumental

For two years the

in an investigation into

Board

the SAP

WdS

in

of the area following numerous allegations

assault and extra-judiCial executions. The

community's

was slowly

sense of justice and faith in the law

being restored when the ANC BEC began

attacking residents with apparent impunity.

The Board

commander,

witnesses

hands

assist

are

the

hdS

and he

to come

tied .

met

has

with the

stressed

local

the

station

need for

forward - until they do his

The Board has undertaken to

SAP in trying to encourage people to

come forward with evidence so that the attackers

can be brought to book. However, a major concern

for the Board is whether witnesses will be

adequately protected should the matter come to

court and the perpetrators given bail.

-4-

people have already had their houses Several

destroye'd in attacks following their public

statements concerning the violence.

The on again off again meeting between IFP leader

Chief

Nelson

l111ngosuthu

l1andela is

Buthele2i

finally

and

set

AHe Pre~ident

to take place

following the intervention of Anglican Archbishop

Desmond Tu t u' , The two leaders are scheduled to

meet in Johannesburg on wednesday June 23 1993.

II". STAT-E INSTITUTIONS

2.1 South African Defence Force (SADF)

Three South African Defence Force (SADF) national

two of them lieutenants - who were

at 7 SA Infantry Battalion in

servicemen

stationed

Phalaborwa were arrested on Hay 16 1993 following

a shooting incident

mini-bus

·several

including

others

where three passengers in a

a five-year-old girl died and

eyewitnass, the

wounded.

soldiars

mini-bus ta x i carrying 16

Graskop and Bushbuck Ridge.

According to an

opened fira on a

passengers between

The mini-bus driver

managed to get to a roadside shop at Inyaka where

he sought help.

- 5 -

The passengers were taken to the Hapulaneng

hospital, in Bushbuck Ridge, by other members of

the SADF who on arrival at the Inyaka shop were

told that the people who had attacked the

mini - b u s were allegedly soldiers .

2 . 1.1 Joint Control of security Forces

According to

Hernus Kriel

interest in

forces, but

the Minister of

the government

"joint control"

is wi l ling to

Law and

certainly

of the

bend on

Ordez-,

has no

security

"joint

~upervi!Jion". Kriol, said that th$cQ would be no

joint control over the security forces in SA and

the government would retain control until po wer

could be transferred to a new government. He

further said that it was the responsibility of

the government to maintain law and order,

however, the government is prepared to carry out

its task in consultation with ot her parties.

The Democratic Party argued in parliament that if

the

any

government persisted in

incidents involving the

soJe control, then

police during the

elections process would be blamed on the police

and the Hinister of Law and Order .

- 6 -

Howevel~ , there do es s eem to b e p ro gr e s s b e h i ~ d

closed d oo rs on th e issu e o f inco rp o r Bti n g a l l

military and para-military f o rce s in SA. On /'1 a y

1 6 1993

SADF

Rapp o rt, an Afrik aa n s new spa per, c laim e d

the

the

and

verge

that

weeks.

and

of

su c h

the AN C 's Umkh o nto we Sizw e we r e o n

an agreement on a p o ssibl e me r g e r

a me rger co uld t ake pl ace within

An SADF spok e sperson wa s qu o t ed as sa yin g t hat

"it was only logic a l that chang e s in t h e SA DF

would h a ve to be ma de and that a l l mil itary a nd

para-military capabilitie s s h o ul d c o ns o l i d ated as

soon as possible in the in te rest o f p e a ce " . He

further said that it wa s obvi o u s that t h e SADF

would playa leading role· in this r eg ard.

However, Transkei military ruler, Bantu Holomi sB ,

said that it would b. 8suicide" f o r any

liberation movement to agree to th e int e rgrati o n

of its security forces with gover n ment security

forces before the election of a democraticall y

elected governmen~. "They can wor k t o g et her in

their different identitie s . As 101lg as t h e NP is

in pow e r, it is imp o ssible to a chi e v e

intergration" .

-7-

He further added

joint control as

that it

opposed

was

to

important to have

intergrati o n, to

abused by their ensure that they are not

"masters",

2.1.2 Hilitary Intelligence

A major " dirty probe by General Pierre

Steyn, a

personify

This is

the image

problems.

man appointed by President De Kieck, to

the new force, has hit a dead-end.

s sign that De Kisck's efforts to revamp

of the SAOF have encountered serious

Steyn the man with an untarnished

image capable of leading the SADF into the future

was appointed and given the task of cleaning up

the SADF's Department of Hilitary Intelligence

(DMI) . According to a Weekly Hail (21/05/9])

report Steyn's efforts have been sab o taged by

police investigators

the report claims,

of a police role

particular

operations.

of their

working with him. The SAP,

is anxious to avoid scrutiny

in "dirty tricks", and in

cross links with DMZ covert

Some of DMI's agents purged by De Klerk last year

worked

(DCC) ,

for the Directorate of covert Collections

raided by Goldstone last November, and had

close contact with Vlakplaas officers.

-8-

•• Operatives from both organisations have formed an

association known as the Badger Unit. The badger

was chosen as the organisation's emblem because

of its reputation fo r cunning and ferocity.

Meanwhile the Goldstone Commissiop is continuing

to investigate the links between DMI activity and

public · viole~ce. According to Goldstone, General

Steyns investigation is not conclusive . The DMI

operatives purged by De Kieck, claimed that the

failure to expose DNI "dirty tricks", wa s because

of their non-existence, rather than a skilled

cover-up.

2.2 South African Police (SAP)

The Commonwealth observer mission report

violence i n South Africa, commended

the SAP has manner ill

on

the

been professional

investigating

~ the report

which

of the murder

criticised the

Chris Hani. However

solution level for

violent crimes against black

~intolerably low. R

.B""!..!is.,i",", "e"scs"--~D,,-,aCYY ( 2 5 \ 0 5 \ 9 3 ) , rep 0 r ted

members of the force had been

criminal and fraudulent act~vities.

people

that 2

dismissed

as

466

for

-9-

The number of men a nd women that have

become victims

police

o f violence has risen

dramatically.

was killed on

two policemen

In 1991 the

19.1 p er mon th

Although the

During the 1970's, one policeman

average every month. This rose to

murdered per month in the 1980' s .

figure leapt to 13.4 per month and

in 1992.

mon thl y average ha s dropped this

yeac,

families

the

of

government has promised to assist

police men and women who have lost

their lives. They ar e also co nsidering financial

assistance for

been damaged

violence.

force members wh ose property

or destroyed, as a result

has

of

Th e increase in th e number of dttacks, fatal or

otherwise, coupled with the traumati c condition s

under wh ich

undoubt edly

s tress and

illustra ted

have been

many f orce memb ers live and work has

contrib uted to ri sing levels of

pyschological problems . This is

by the high su~ciae statistics that

released . since January 1992, 139

policemen have committed suicide .

-10-

2.2.1 ~

Amidst claims from some polit i cal parties that

the arrest of approximately 73 PAC leaders in Hay

was noth~ng more

Kriel maintains

than a fishing trip for the SAP.

that the arrests had the effect

of thwarting planned A p 1a attacks on police and

civil i ans. The arrests have also allowed the SAP

to gl ean val uabl e information which will assist

the SAP i n its duty to protect the public against

crime of any kind. Kriel insists that there was

no political motive behind the arrests .

Apparently sufficient prima facie evidence

existed to arrest the PAC and Apla members for

criminal activities .

A reliable government source said that key

ministers taking

were invol v ed in

planning session,

part in the negotiating process

an urgent police briefing and

where the political risks of

the PAC raid wa s meticulously examined and

evaluated.

According to

effect of

claimed that

PAC out of

Benny Alex ander,

rendering the PAC

the raid had the

unworkabl e. He

the swoop was aimed at forcing the

negotiations, and since all the

members of the PAC's negotiating team were wanted

-}1-

by the police, the PAC had no choice but to

suspend its participation in the Multi-party , Negotiations Council.

The

The

SAP's actions prompted widespr ea d cri ti cism .

ANC 's

'hIarning to

Cyril

Kriel

Ramaphosa, issued an unreserved

that South Africa IooIi11 not

return to the dark days of jackboot rule and that

Kriel, should resign or be dismissed.

The Democratic Party questioned the timing o f the

arrests, which conveniently took place on the

same day Kriel was defending his budget proposal

in Parliament.

The

of

fact tha t

multi-party

the arrests took place on the day

talks 'hIas attributed to delays in

police ·procedures . The pot e ntial of an inc iden t

of thi s nature derailing or stalling important

developments et the negotiation level is a fait

accompli. It thel:e lore seem s strange that Xriel

woul d see th is mass arrest as purely a criminal

matter, wi th no political implicati o ns.

This raid hes also brought in to question De

Klerk' s role in decision making in relation to

that.of the securocrats.

- 12 -

State President F .W de Xlerk responded to the

arrests by

his approval

saying that he had been informed, but

had not been sought because the

arrests were

investigations

motivated.

the

and

result

were

of routine police

not politically

However, ro~tine police procedure has resulted in

only four of the 73 arrested, being charged with

illegal possession of ammunition.

P.rior

made

"Apla's

force

to

• the mass arrests police claimed to have

major breakthrough in investigating

terror campaign".Eight alleged Apla task

members were arrested,in connection with

the killing of a Tzaneen farmers wife.

One of the group members Mbengeni

killed in this attack .

Modau was

According to SAP statistics, ~la can be linked

to 50 attacks since January 1992. Eleven attacks

this year and 39 attacks in '92. Of these 18 took

place in the Transvaal, 11 in the Orange [rea

State and 21 in the Cape. Apla has claimed

responsibility for at least ten of these attacks.

-13-

The preliminary investigat i c,n into ApIa

Har ch activities,

has l inked

by the Goldstone commission in

33

people were

ApIa to

killed

terror attacks in which 16

and se veral injured. The

ApIa involvement in at Comm i ssion also found

least

farm

15 attacks on policemen and 13 att a.c ks on

houses. These include the King William' s

Town Golf Cl u b and t h e Queenstown attacks.

ApIa claimed responsibility for the sho ot ing in

Eikenhof during Mar ch .

have been arrested

However seven

in connection

ANC members

with this

attack.

This raises the question

in attacks for involvement

claimed responsibility .

responsibility could serve

of actual

wh ich they

ApIa

have

This

to be

claim of

po l itically

strategic

provided

and e xpedient . Thus far the SAP have

o f substantial very little by way

evidence to support the ApIa claim.

- 14 -

2.3 National Peace Accord (NPAl

According

chairperson,

significant

to National Peace secretariat

Antoni e Gildenhuys, there has been a

drop in levels of political violence,

particularly in the number of death s .

In this report tabled in Parliament, he also said

that ihe Hpoor rel a ti o nship H between the police

and the

better.

police

black communities is changing for the

the fact that The report highlighted

are prepared to act pragmati cally as

circums~ances require .

The National Peace Committe e issued a statement

calling

to the

for an urgent meeting of the signatories

September

statement asked

91

the

National Peace Accord. The

signatories to recommit

themselves to the Accord's aims and objectives.

III. RIGHT WING

3.1 Conservative Party

Dr Ferdi Hartzenberg was elected leader of the

Conservative Party and successor to party founder

Dr Andries Treurnicht.

-15-

Hartzenberg, a former Minister of Education and

training in the National Party government, left , the cabinet with Treurnicht :in 1982 when the

National party split over the issue of

powersharing.

Dr Willie Snyman known as a moderate in CP

circles wa s elected as deputy leader. According

to a CP insider Snyman was chosen to balance

Hartzenberg's fire-brand image.

According to Hartzenberg, little would change in

the party, under his leadership. However stronger

links with other nations who wanted self

determination would be sought. Many people ~xpect

the CP, und er the leadership of Hartzenberg, to

swing even further to the right.

The CP is vehemently opposed to a unitary state

and Hartzenberg has said that, every effort will

be made to forge links with tIle homelands, like

Bophuthatswana and Kwazulu .

The CP is determined to be part of the newly

formed Volksfront and to work towards un ity among

Afrikaners.

-16-

3.2 Afrikaner Volksfront

The

this

Afrikaner Volksfront was formally launched

month. In its attempt to link the majority

of

will

the rightwing

press the

organisations

government and

the Volksfront

the ANC to heed

demands of the Afrikaners for self ~ determination.

The primary objective

unify the Afrikaner

establish a Volkstaat.

of the Volksfront is to

to nation behind its demand

The

ma"de

Volkfront came about as a result of efforts

generals,

Generals'.

Committee

retired defence force and police

formally known

The two most

of Generals

as the 'Committee of

prominent figures in the

and the Volkstaat are

General Tienie Groenewald (former HI) and General

Constand Viljoen (former SADF Chief).

Ferdi Hartzenberg the CP's newly elected leader

was elected as chairperson of the Volksfront's

executive council. Other members include : Dries

Bruwer

Johan

(ep HP), Eugene Terre'Blanche (AWB), Prof

Schabort and Jaap Marais (HNP) . The IiNP

however has withdrawn from the new formation.

According to Jaap Marais, HNP leader, his party's

policy on self determination could not be

accommodated.

- 17 -

The Front has

down the pace

to consult

called o n the government to slow

of negotiations, to allow them time

with the uvolk u (the Afrikaner

people).

Responses

Volksfront

to the

ha ve

rightwing circles.

formation of

been varied,

the Afrikaner

not a bl y within

The Boerestaat Party announced' that it fully

supported the Front, but distanced itself trom

taking part in its activities. Boerestaat leader

Robert van Tonder said that the BSP would onl y

support the activities ot the Front it it

denounced the negotiations process. He also said

that he wou l d like to see the Front move away

from racial discrimination and change its name to

the Boere volkfront.

The BSP support's the front's potential as a

recruiting body, especially within the security

forces, but does not accept itself declared role

as the overall co-ordinating body in the

NAfrikaner struggle N

Afrikaner Volksunie

has dubbed the

"racist N.

for self-determination.

(AVU) leader Andries Beyers

CP dominated Volksfront as

-18-

Such criticisms suggest that the Volkstront's aim

to unify the right and thereby present itself as

8 force to be reckoned with at the negotiating

table may not be realised.

3.3 Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging

Dissatisfaction

the movement's

within the

policies as

of Eugene

announcement

Terre'Blanche

by • former

AWB ranks relating to

well as the behaviour

has led to the

AWB colonel that he

intends forming a breakaway armed grouping known

as Die Boere Vrykorps.

IV. THE GOLDSTONE COnnISSION

4.1 Train violence

The Goldstone Commission's final report on tra in

violence was published in Hay. The Commission

found that train violence was inextricably linked

to political violence and that there could be no

separate approach to its solution.

-19 -

report also The

t h e in vol v emen t

said a question mark hung over

of a so - called Hthird forceR in

train violence. The commission reported

ANC and

that

IFP pol i tical

resulted

be tw ee n

r ivalry bet we e n the

in increased intolerance and enmity

t heir fo l lo we r s whi ch h ad spilled over to

t ra i n vio l ence.

The Commission also

the

found that

ANC or I F P

there

had

was no

evidence

encouraged

recommended

that actively

the perpetration of train violence but

that both organisations educate their

followers in political tolerance.

rec o mmended that att e mpts be made

The report

to involv~

hostel

c r eate

and township residents in joint forums to

better understa n ding an d to a d dress their

negative perceptions of each other .

According

intoleranC'e

fol l owers

to

and

was

the Commission the inC'resse in

enmity between the AHC and IFP

a msjor C'ontributing faC'tor to the

train violenC'e.

An interim

July last

attaC'kers

hostel

report published by the commis sio n in

stated that whenever a group of year

were id e ntified they t urned out to be

dwellers, mainly Zulu-speakers,

traditionally linked to the IFP .

-20-

The final

foundation

report, however, said: -There is no

for any finding that hostel residents

were mainly responsible tor the

commuters. It is clear that attacks

attacks on

emanate from

the hostels

residents

as

are

well as froJ townships. Township

regarded as ANC members and

Xhosa-speakers".

The report also said that only 4\ of all reported

train violence incidents held

succ.essful prosecution. Due

circumstances under which this

was perpetrated, the committee

that the police were not serious

to stop it.

V. ATTACKS ON INDIVIDUALS

resulted in

to complex

type o f violence

could not agree

in their efforts

Since the assassination ot Chris Hani, several

hit lists bearing the names

come to light. The most

issued by a man in De Aar,

of ANC activists have

recent being a list

northern Cape, in the

name

Wolwe.

ot

The

the ultra-rightwing organisation Wit

man who distributed the hit list

Edward Visagie was

intimidation and is

R300.

arrested and charged with

currently out on bail of

-21-

In the Western Cape, several yo·uth leaders have

received threatening phone calls from a group

identifying themselves as ~57 retired SADF

officers~. The group has been phoning ANC

leadership figures in the Cape saying that they

will avenge every white death by killing an ANC

leader. Those targeted include SACP chairperson

Joe Slovo, Winnie Mandela, Youth League leader

Peter Mokaba

Thabo Mbeki.

and ANC International Affairs chief

The IFP have also asked the Goldstone Commission

to investigate th~ "serial ki11ingH of IFP

members. Inkatha has furnished the CQmmission

with a list of more than 200 Inkatha officials

and members who are alleged to have been murdered

since the signing of the Pe ace Accord.

5.1 Ithume1eng "ThumiH Padi and Nokuza1a Neala

Three policemen were

liability arising from

exonerated from criminal

the death of Umkhonto we

Sizwe cadres Thumi Padi and Nakuzola Neala

1991. Johannesburg inquest

rejected claims that the

Hexecution style" but

magistrate III

two had been

criticised the

which the matter had been investigated .

in May

Batha

killed

way in

-22-

Padi dnd Ncalo were in a bacl<room in Phir.i. ,

So weto when they were shot on the night of Ha y 19

1991 . For detailed information on t h e act u a l

shooting see the Board's May 1991 report,

Botha found that Lieutenant H Havenga,

Warrant - off i cer H Schoeman and Sergeant D

Knoetser had announced that they were pol i c e

officers and had banged on the door which wa s

then unlocked. Botha als o found that I'a d i and

Hca10 had both dre s s ·ed when inf o rmed that t he

police were outside. Counsel for the family, Gy s

Rautenbach, p Ointed out to the c ourt that Padi

had applied for indemnity and that Padi's father ,

had been detained and t ortured and had been told

b y the police that they intended to kill his son.

Botha said the investigation of the incident had

been weak and that the investigating o ffi ce r

Cons t able AG Ntsele had not bothered reading the

ballistic report. There had also been problems

regarding the statements - at the time when the

inquest began statements had not been obtained

from the home owner where the incident t oo k pla ce

nor from a Major Maritz. Statemen t s mad e by til e

pol i ce, involved in the shooting, we l' e ma de a n d

only certified la ter wh i l e th e defendants we r e

not present .

-23-

Police claim they shot Padi 'when he tried to

throw a

detonate

said it

hand grenade at them which failed to

as the split-pins broke off . The court

had to be taken into account that the

police had received information that Padi could

have been in possession of an AK 47 rifle and a

rocket launcher.

Counsel

prosecute

shooting.

for

the

the family are to request the AG to

three policemen involved in the

5.2 Joe slovo

In early May, The Star newspaper revealed an

alleged plot to assassinate SACP chairperson Joe

Slovo. Hungarian, Peter Slovac, a police

informant claimed that he had been asked to take

part in a plot to kill Slovo . He claims he went

to the police with

aware that Hthis was

Slovac informed

the information as he was

the wro ng

police that

thing to do".

Slovo was to be

shot

ridge

from

from

an

the

SADF tower atop the ObserVatory

clearly visible. where his house is

Slovac was supposed to drive the getaway car.

- 24 '-

Fol l o wing publication of the alleged plot in the

newspapers, Slovo slammed th~ SAP saying that the

first he ever heard of the plot was from a

journalLst. The police have denied this saying

they offered

turned down.

, Following the

Slovo protecti~n which he allegedly

initial reports on the plot, John

Beck a Johannesbur g bus i nessman was named as the

man who was to pull the trigger . He wa s

subsequently arrested by the police and held

under section 50 of the Criminal Procedure Act.

Beck appeared in court on Hay 17, no charges were

put to him. During a second appearance on May 23

B'eck was ordered· to undergo 30 days mental

observation follo wing und i sputed evidence by a

psych i atrist of a personality disorder which

causes Beck to fantasise. ,

The case was postponed to June 24 1993.

5.3 Chris Hani

The SAP have claimed that there is no evidence to

suppo r t theories of

conspiracy behind

a

the

widespread

Slaying

right-wing

of SACP

general-secretary Chr~s Hani. Police spokesperson

Brigadier Frans Nalherbe said the murder and th e

-25-

conspiracy were committed by individuals with

right-wing sentiments.

Conservative Party official and President's

Council member

born wife Gaye

formally charged

1993. All three

Clive Derby-Lewis, his Australian

and Polish-born Janus Waluz were

with the Hani murder on Nay 21

will appear in the Rand Supreme

Court on June 23 1993 .

5.4 Dennis Makhanya

Thokoza ANe Ci vic branch treasurer Dennis

~Dan~ Makhanya was abducted on Tuesday Hay 25

1993 on his way to work. His body was

subsequently found by his wife on Thursday Nay 27

at the Germiston mortuary. According to at least

three witnesses who were in the taxi at the time

of Hakhanya's abduction the driver of the vehicle

decided

(Khumalo

to use

Street)

the road past the Thokoza hostel

a scene of continued viol e n c e

since the

Nakhanya

was not

"shut-up" .

aborted ANC march on Saturday Nay 22.

remonstrated with the driver saying i t

a safe route. He was allegedly told to

The driver was then forced to drive

into Hostel number two by hostel dwellers

standing at the gate.

All the

vehicle

women we re

argument.

taxi

-26-

passengers were ordere d out of the

there were 10 women and six men . The

allowed to leave after a lengthy

Makhanya tried to follow the women into

but was stopped. This was the last time the

he was seen alive . One of th e woman claimed that

she' hear.d

Hakhanya,

dayN.

a hostel dweller say when he sa w

that Hthey had their tresh meat for the

The identity of the other five male passengers is

not kn o wn and there is every possibility that

they too were killed and their bodies dumped

o u ts id e the hostel. ,

The Board

Association

with the

political

regarding

more than

allowed to

the fir st

requested

the ho stel

along with the Thokoza Civic

(TOeA) had at least nine meetings

1 Deal police and the head of the

and violent crime unit in the area

the Thokoza ho stel We requ este d on

one occasion that QQLy empty taxis be

go into the hostel. Hakhanyd is not

victim. Early last year the Board

the local station commander to se arch

after r ece iving information that 8

resident of Phola Park had been abducted. We were

informed tlla t only the Internal Stability Unit

(ISU) had the manpower to search th e hostel.

-27-

the search which took hours to Following

organise, the person we had reported abducted was

found dead inside the hotel.

5 . 5 Solly Smith

AHe

too

intelligence

investigate

officials have been called in

the mysterious death of Solly

smith,

London

the

and

ANC's former chief representative in

self-confessed spy. (Smith allegedly

reported to his seniors that he had been a

governmen t spy). AHe officials suspect that he

may have been killed by state agents because of

wh at he had discovered about covert operations.

AHe

had

spokesperson Ronnie Hamoepa said that Smith

approached the organisation voluntarily and

Nadmitted he had been compromised and coerced

into working for the regimeN.

The German magazine TOp Secret recently

speculated that Smith had been killed because he

intended disclosing details of Hilitary

Intelligence activity. The magazine indicated

that Smith's death might have been linked to the

assassination of SACP leader Chris Hani.

- 28-

5.6 Sydney Mufamadi

The soweto home of ANC National Executive member

Sydney Mufamadi was attacked by arsonists on May

18 causing damage estimated af R1000. Mufamadi's

wife Nomsa and their 12 year-old daughter we re

asleep in , the house at the tim e .

On May 19, a car belonging to Mufamadi was petrol

bombed. According to Mufamadi's brother, the

family was watching television at 23hOO when they

heard a thud on the roof. He rushed outside and

saw smoke

garage

fire.

door

pouring from the garage roof. When the

was opened the car inside was on

The blaze was' extinguished and no one was

injured.

The aforementioned attae,ks, follow a hoax pager

message in April, claiming that Mufamadi had been

shot . This message was relayed shortly after the

assassination of Chris Hani and could hav e

increased the rising tide of anger and vi o lence

which accompani e d the murder of Hani.

In August

organiser

1 991 ,

of the

Hufamadi's broth e r Lawren ce , an

National Union of Nineworkers

(NUM) went missing . following a meeting in

Johannesburg . He has not been seen since.

- 29-

VI. NATAL

Lawyers

release

for Human Rights (LHR ) criticised the

Samuel

claiming

from

Jam il e

tha t

prison

under

he was

of

the

former KwaZulu Minister

Further Indemnity Act,

freed

committed crimes without • i/) spite of having

political motive .

Jamile (63) was granted amnesty as a political

prisoner despite the finding of the trial judge

that his deeds were not politically motivated.

The herbalist, politician and IFP

committee member was sentenced to

central

life

imprisonmant in

tenant, Joseph

1991 for the murder of his

Khumalo and the attempted

former

murder

of Khumalo's fiance Thokozile Shabalala . Sources

within the police allegedly told The Star

newspaper that they were · shocked and disgusted H

at his release. They felt sure it would deter

witnesses fr om co-operating in similar trails in

the future.

5.1 Bhambayi

continues to flare in Natal. The

within the AHe continues to simmer in

Violence

conflict

Bhamba y i squatter settlement, north of Durban.

- 30- .

About 100 people ha ve died since the faction

fighting

factions

began

call

in November last year. The t wo

themselves the "Greens" and the

NReds. N The ISU have been accused of being

actively

meeting

involved in the ~iolence. A recent

between the Greens, the Reds and the

pol~ce has led to a temporary withdrawal of the , unit from the area. However, many residents

acknowledge that the faction fighting began long

before the ISU arrived in the area. Residents

claim their are a myriad of reasons underlying

the conflict, including political, criminal and

economic. According to unrest monitor Roy

Ainslee, as many as 90 percent of the able - bodied

men in the

controversial

there

ANe

the

was a

leaders

community

community are unemployed. A mo r e

reason for the fighting is th a t

disagreement between two promin e nt

over which Inyanga to use to fortify

from occasional attacks by IFP

supporters from the nearby Hshayazafe settlement.

5 . 2 Edendale

people, including

allegedly

homestead

dressed in

in Edendale

Saturday Hay 15.

a child died when two men

SADF uniforms attacked a

near Pietermaritzburg on

-31-

Poli ce allege that two

seated

men in balaclavas

confronted

Sibiya's

21hOO.

resident s a fire at

before

pistol .

kraal i n Edenda1e's Zayeka are a at a b out

They made their victims lie on the ground

shooting each one in the h ead with a 9mm

Four people

Hdl ela (12)

Poli ce

scene.

also

were

died

found

5.3 KWllmRkhueha

Fiv e ot her people

killed instantly and 5ifi so

in hospital the following day.

the body of a woman near the

were killed in Kwamakhutha in

the Hakhazini area on t h e same night of the

Edenda1e a ttack. Gunmen entered the Hkhize and

Ngcobo home steads and opene d fire on the

occupants killing Thithi Hkhize (35), Percy

I1khize (13), Bonga Hkhi ze (13) Sane Hkhize (4)

and Kheh1a Ngc obo (26) .

Police found

at the scene .

empty . 303 and RI rifle cartridg es

There have been no arrests thus f ar .

- 32-

VII. REEF VIOLENCE

7.1 East Rand

7.1.1 Thokoza

The ' march J that sparked the violence in the East

was

area

not well organised. Local structures in

were not consulted and as a result very

Rand

the

few local leadership figures attended the march

on 22. There were not enough marshalls and

proper precautions such as disarming people at

the stadium were not followed.

There was not an adequate police or army presence

despite the fact the latter have a support base

(Steenpuntj in Thokoza. The Board believes that

although the

it was quite

majority of

dwellers saw

hostel they

leadership of

march was not aimed at the hostel,

clearly perceived that way by the

hostel dwellers.

an armed group

anticipated

When the hostel

approaching the

The an attack.

the march were powerless when it

came to controlling the armed Phola Par k

protesters. When the leadership called f o r the

march to halt approximately 100m fr o m th e host e l

entrance in order

peace monitors

immediately accused

-33-

to talk to the police and the

the people of Phola Park

the leadership of cowa rdi ce

and

that

Phola

surged forward. It is

elements within the

Park group intended

distin ct ly possible

hostel and wi thin the

battling it ou t and

there were certainly tensions in the area prior

to the march. For example during the week leading

up to the march residents of Phola Park and IFP

hostel dwellers clashed outside the Rand Supreme

Court where Phola Park resident Mi c hael Phams i s

standing trial for the massacre of IFP marchers

in Thokoza on SeptQmbec 8 1991.

Marchers claimed that they and the hostel

dwellers exc h anged insults and then shortly after

that the fir st shots were fired. Marchers also

claim that there wer e sn ipe rs on the rool of the

hostel. They alleged that while they wer e

march in g they were only aware of three casspirs

in close proximity of the march. Two were

statione d

Accordin g

in

to

front of the march and one behind.

eyewitnesses it was only after the

initial exchange of gunfire between the marchers,

the hostel dwellers

reinforcements from the

direction of Alberton.

and

ISU

tlle police,

arrived from

that

the

Host disturbing

footage taken on

members of the

marchers . At the

- 34-

for the Board was the television

the day which clearly showed

ISU throwing stones at the

end of the day, 13 people lay

dead and

a t the

shot in

scores were treated for birdshot wounds

Natalspruit Hospi t al.

the legs. Between

Most were allegedly

14 and 15 youths

allegedly sustained birdshot wounds to the head.

Since the march most peace monitors independent

and ptherwise have been merely "fire fighting".

On Monday May 24, there were several "drive by

shootings" in Thokoza, involving a black Mercedes

with tinted windows wh i ch allegedly belongs to

the Thokoza Taxi Association's Chairperson piet

Mbele. Other cars implicated in the shooting at

Nkaki Street in Thokoza, were a metallic green

BMW and a powder blue Cressida.

Following this particular incident the Boards'

Str e et by vehicle was fired on in Schoeman

members

driving

Board

of the

youths

Board

of

• the

beige

local taxi association who were

Toyota Cress ida - MJB 9Q6T . The

researchers stopp~d the car and saw members

taxi association attempt to shoot two

who had their hands above their heads . The

then called in the SADF and they dealt with

the situation.

On Mond ay May 2 4,

travelling between

-35-

student s

Pilot and

were shot at while

Lindela Stations.

Se veral were injured. Ticket offices

stations were subse q uent ly burn t down.

at both

In Katlehong, a Putco ti c ket bus and tow tru ck

were se t alight . wellington Hteyi, an organiser

with the AHC PWV, was shot i n the arm and Judy

Mob i, an AHC marshal, wa s sh ot in the leg, when

hostel dwelle rs manning a roadblock in Katlehong

opene d fire on the car having identiried the

occupants as ANC members.

On Tuesday Hay 25 - Piet Hbele (chairp erson o f

the taxi association) was g unn ed down. He was

allegedly seen earlier in the week by an AHC

marshal, driving a vehicle f rom whi ch shots were

fired. (see page 34)

Also on

policeman

particular

Tuesday, follo wi ng

in Phola Park

th e ISU,

the shoot ing

the police,

of a

in

on the squatter camp.

opened fir e indiscrimina tely

The Board took one victim,

the Union Hospital in Freeman

Al berton .

Hdelele,

He was

n ot serious.

to

sh ot in the leg. The wound was

- 36-

On Tuesday Hay 25 an ANC meeting held at the

Hohaung Lower Primary school was disrupted when a

hand grenade was thrown onto the roof. As the

people attending the meeting rushed outside, one

person was shot in the arm. ,

A Pu"tco bps

set alight on

and truck carrying bricks wa s also

the main road passing Phola Park.

What concerns the local community and the Board

is t~at while we condemn the indiscriminate

killings of policemen we do not understand why a

life of a policeman is more imp orta nt than the

lives of the 60 civilians who have been killed on

the East Rand since Hay ' 22.

On Thursday Hay 27 - the Board was informed o f an

incident

a t the

in Tsotetsi Street, Thokoza. On arrival

scene the Board found a burnt co rp se of a

by members of the young man.

community

because he

had shot

We

that

were

the

informed

man had been shot and burnt

was believed to be an IFP member and

Board informed • woman earlier. The

Peace Accord monitors who then cordoned off t he

Brea. A low intensity war is still clearly

visible in the area. Deaths are occuring every

day and residents fear aurying their dead in case

it may spark off an attack.

-37-

As a result at least 20

Germiston

bodies a r e lying

unclaimed at the mortuary. This is

despite ofters from church organisations to

assis t with the burials.

7.2 ~

Hardly a week passes without

Sebokeng, Sharpeville, Boipatong

being prosecuted for illegal

residents of

or Bophelong

possession of

rifles, AK47's, pistols and ammuniti on .

Another feature within the broader pattern of

violent destabilisation in the Vaal seems to be

the targetting of known ANC members in the area.

Lt is alleged that a band o f former policemen,

who had been driven from Sebokeng last year in

the wake ot the Boipatong massacre, and criminals

perversely

responsible

Deventer,

existence

calling themselves CODESA,

for these attacks . Hajor

are

VBn

police spokesman confirmed the

of the gang, but said that there wa s no

proof that ex-po li cemen belonged to it .

~ .. ., -)8-

7.2.1 Boipaconq massacre

Thirty two KwaHadala Hostel inmate s, facing 45

counts of murder, resulting from the killing of

46 Boipatong residents on the .;17 June last year,

appeared before Mr Justice Smit in the Delmas

Circuit Court .

Survivors recounted to the court how their

families were attacked. A moment of high drama

was reached when a witness positively identified

one of the accused (I'I)(01i5en1 Hkhiz e) as his

alleged attacker on the night of June 17.

The trial took another dramatic turn, when a

police

ordered

shalla

lieutenant told

the destruction

and heads found

the court his senior had

of eight 9mm bullet

at the scene of the

massacre. Lieutenant D.C van der ,.,eewe told the

court he was at the sebokeng mortuary on June 18,

when a police woman gave him five bullet shells

and three undamaged bullet heads. Another

constable who was at the mortuary to identify a

corpse told him that the shells and heads were

found by a witness to the murder of three family

members at Hlubi Street in Boipatong.

Earlier in the case, a survivor whose

mother-in-law and sisters-in -l aw were killed,

-39- i

tol d the court that she found eight bullet shells

and heads in the house that night.

Van der Merwe handed the remains to the

Vereeniging police, where they were recorded in

the SAP 13 book.

subsequently

shells and

a police report book showed that the

heads were destroyed on November 20

last year at the instru ction of a Major van Wyk.

He had since retired from the SAP.

~s far as van der Merwe knew the shells and heads

wpre not subjected to ballistics test, for if

they had this would h~ve been vaJuabJe evidence.

During

former

time

the in-camera trial the state witness, a

resident who lived at the hostel at the

of

accused

massacre.

two weeks

the

as

He

massacre, identified 30 of the

being involved in the Boipatong

said that he had attended a meeting

prior to the massacre at which hostel

residents were told to get ready for a rally on

the night of the 17th June 92.

At this

need to

reason

meeting

prepare

the men

themselves

were addressed on the

for an attack . The

for the attack was to take revenge on the

comrades for previous attacks against the hostel.

-40-

At this meeting, hostel residents asked for

firearms and were told they could put their names

on a list as they left the meeting. The court

heard tha t weapons were kept in a hostel storage

room. On

that his

inyanga,

witness

inmates

preparing

that fateful night t p e wi tness claimed

cor was used

Hthwana Prince

to transport weapons . An

Zulu, was accused by the

of handing out white headbands to hostel

before they carried out the attack and of

ntelezi (a muti drink), which was meant

to make them brave and protect them from bullets.

Describing the attack in Boipatong, the witness

said "comrades" wer e given weapons by one of the

heading toward Boipa tong. They accused,

f ired on

before

township "com~ades", then proceeded down

Lek oa street breaking windows and shooting in to

house s .

The court was also informed by the witness that

the IFP' s Humphrey Ndlovu and Themba Khoza had

allegedly told KwaHadala hostel inmates to burn

everything they had looted at Boipatong during

the attack. Khoza and Ndlovu al'legedly addressed

a meeting at the hostel after a police raid on

June 18 and told people present to burn all

clothes that had blood on them.

-41-

As a re su lt of the eviden c e presented by Lt van

der Herwe, the Goldstone Commission is to

consider re-opening its inquiry into the

Boipatong massacre . Evidence concerning the

bullets an d. shells WBS not placed before the

commission, since the l eading of evidence had

been completed before November 20.

Th e trial c ont inues.

VIII. WESTERN TRANSVAAL

8 . 1 CarletonvillelXhutsonq

Back g rou nd :

Th e Indepe ndent Board o f Inquiry (IBI) has been

working in Khutsong for almost thr ee y ears . We

were calle d into the area in early 1991 by the

local ANC branch to ass i st in a peace initiative

between two warr ing factions in the township

n amely the ·Zim - Zims· and the HGaddafi's·. With

the help of ANC PWV regional organisers, the

local branch and ourselves we managed to bring

peace to Khutsong in April 1 991 .

-42-

The Board tried to show the community t ha t

in-fighting was assisting only one party - the

SAP.

were

least

were

Board

Between 1990 and 1 991 at least 17 youths

killed by members of the SAP in the area. At ,

four of those were killed in custody . There

countless

assi s ted

allegations of

the community

torture and the

in laying charges

against the SAP . After months of public pressure

the SAP decided to investigate. All in all 100

Cdses were investigated . Thirteen policemen were

suspended in July and August of 1991.

After almost two years of peace, the Board has

once a~ain been called In to assist with a crisis

in Khutsong. On Janu a ry 20 1993 - t he Board s e n t a

fax to the ANC PWV general s e cretary Paul

l1ashatiele pointing out our concerns about

Khutsong and the newly ~elected" ANC branch

committee .

2. Current situation:

Ever since the election on Sunday January 17

- trouble has been simmering be t ween members o f

Cosas, the AN CYL and the new branch committee.

Branch committee member~ allegedly assaulted at

least three women and various students in the

area on the day of the election. This resulted in

the students attacking members of the committee

-43- (

in the Crossroads squatter ~amp. Th e Board

subsequently received several reports on assaults

taking place in the township and residents wer e

complaining, saying they had been assaulted by

the ANC chairperson in the area and others at a

spot known as the Nfreedom tree."

Of particular concern is that ANe executive

members a re implicated in at least eight murd e r s

and numerous assaults.

In tha case of the deputy chairperson -he has

recently been charged with murder. H. is

currently out on

found in possession

The Board has a

various

we would

assaults,

prefer

bail of R400. He wa s

of the dead youth's

number of statements

which are available,

to withold at this

residents who have

allegedly

ring.

detailing

but which

time, as

atrocities committed

have been killed and

been vocal about the

by the ANC BEC of

their homes burnt.

alleged

the area

However, there

highlighted; that

(18). Notswaesane

is one case which can be

of ABBL "NGIIIfS" lfOTSWAESANE

was killed on Nay 23 allegedly

by members of the BEC. He was hit on the

-44-

head wit.h a pick axe. When ho was taken to his

parent.s home he was bleeding profusely from the

nose mout.h and ears. He was t.aken to hospit.al but

never regained consciousness.

Prior to the above attack Motswaesane had been

attacked ~n March 13 1993. Motswaesane was at the , Crossroads squat.ter camp when he sa w a group of

people at the "freedom" tree. The group were in

possession of pangas, sjamboks and knobkerries .

Motswaessne was asked to come nearer. He was then

sjambokked from t.he head down and told to reveal

the names of the youth who had attended a meeting

earlier in the day to discuss t.he assaults at the

"tree. H

"They then took me to Mbulelo School where I

found another group of people . .. . We were then

taken to the " tree H not far from the cemetery. I

realised at this point that people who had been

fetched from school were " Blackie H "Matoto" and

"Mothebedi". We were all questioned by David

( ANC deputy chair) and Mshukumisa (Mbele)

(Ntset.e) (ANC chair) who acted as judges. We were

questioned about the proceedings o f the previous

meeting" .

UI told

and not

them that

adults. I

and beaten with a

another member of

-45- (

the meeting was f or

was then ~clappedH

the youth

(slapped)

knobkerrie. We were told by

the BEC tha t in f utur e if we

have meetings we should invite them H.

On Wednesday Hay 26, the Board went out to

Khutsong following reports of arson and attacks

on individuals, particularly members of the ANCYL

and Casas, by members of the ANC branch executive

and their cohorts. The Board was informed that

Dan Ndzeku (The former ANC branch secretary),

Nonzima Cebisa and various other people were

going to be killed by the current BEC.

According to members of the SAP, they picked up

two more bodies on Tuesday (25/5). One at 10hOO

and one at 15h15 in the vicinity of Crossroads.

Both have yet to be identified.

According to Lt Germishuizen, the Khutsong

Station Commander, a special task force from

Potchefstroom under Lt Van Zyl has been appointed

to investigate the spate of murders, attempted

murders, assaults, rapes and arson in the area.

The common denominator being that compl ainant s

have identified BEC members as being involve~

" ,-, - 46-

in all of the above.

Germishuizen has requested that the Board

assist the SAP in encouraging witnesses to come

forward . He sa i d the biggest Pfoblem facing the

SAP at the moment is that witne sses .gre too

scare d to testify.

On Friday May 28 the Board received a call from

a member of the ANCWL informing us that members

of the

namely

BEC were hunting for three Casas leaders,

80nakele Siko NSparksR, L ehlohonlo Motsete

.. The Black " and James M.sbitle. All three have

been very vocal about the atrocities committed by

the BEC in the name of the AN C.

On May 29, an 11K member originally from Khutsong,

who recently

T anzania was

attended the

died of Malaria

buried. Several

in a

members

cltmp

of

in

MK

funer al in uniform . The BEC arrived

and confiscated the combat uniforms and then

atta cked the kombi the HK people were travelling

in.

Motswaesane, who was allegedly attacked by the

ANC BEC i n Khutsong on May 23 19 93, was buried on

S.Bturday June 5. The Inourners at his fun era l,

particularly women and children, were attacked

after the

woman was

and her

attackers.

- 47-(

f u neral by members of the ANC BEC. One

beaten with an

left side. She

iron bar on

re cognised

the stomach

two o f her

A second woman was also attacked on Saturday and

sustained injuries to her right s id •. She fell

over while trying to r un away and injured her

arm . She claims that over 20 people were injure d

on Saturday, the vast majority being women.

A third woman hacked on the head with a

pangs. All the wome n believe ehey were attacked

beca u se they attended Hotswaesane's funeral.

Hembers at the BEC called for a stayaway, on June

8. They allegedly dug trenches around the

Crossroads squatter camp so that people could not

leave the area. The stayaway was called so that

ehe BEC could conduce house

COSBS and ANCYL members.

to house searches for

The BEC alleges tha t

these members have been involved in cri mes.

On June 9, several Khutsong residents came to the

ANC's national offiae in Johannesburg and

presented a memorandum where they called for the

( .... ,-. disbanding of the BEC and an independent inquiry

into the atrocities committed by the BEC. The

residents have given the national otfice until

the end of June to deal with the situation,

failing which they have

threatened to return their member~hip cards.

The sit uation is still tense in the area wi th

assaults continuing on a daily basis. Residents

charged R5 for muti, as well as having to

contribute to bail when members of the BEC or

their cohorts are arrested . Other people are

forced to pay rent to the BEC for shacks in the

Crossroads settlement. Failure to comply results

~n your ~h~ck beiny burnL .

IX. WESTERN CAPE

Two schoolchildren were killed and two injured in

the Cape Peninsula township of Guguletu on

Thursday May 13 during B skirmish with police.

The students were protesting against exam fees.

Violence erupted in the township when pupils

started stoning cars and erecting bur/ling

barricades. According to Casas regional publicity

secretary Ndoda Ngemntu, drivers wh ose cars were

stoned or torched sho uld walk away from the scen e

to escape injury.

- 4 9-

( -It is only arrogant drivers that are going to

get hurt. They can take the keys of the car or

truck and leave

harm them~ .

There have been

the highway to

us with the property. WQ WO/I't

a number of stoning incidents on

the airport, vehicles have been

stoned

ANC in

and many motorists have been injured. The

the region has appealed to people involved

in the stoning of cars on the highway to stop.

9 .1 Michael Hapongwana

Having r econ vened

the inquest into

in the Wynberg Regional Court,

the death of civic leader and

AHe

June

activist Michael Mapongwana was postponed to

B after a key witness failed to appear in

court for a second time. Hapongwana, chai rp erso n

of the Weste r n Cape Civic Association (WCCA) and

a leading figure in attempts to to solve the

bloody western Cape taxi feud, was shot dead in a

taxi-war related attack in Lansdowne Road,

Philippi on July 9 1991. It had been th e third

attempt on his life in 48 hours .

The witness, who may not be id e ntified by order

of the court also failed to attend proceedings on

Mar c h 9 and his attorney informed the COllct th~t

he had refused to testify . A warrant for his

, .. -50-

arrest, held over from March 9, was issued by

Magistrate SL van der Walt .

X. EASTERN CAPE AND BORDER

There has been conflicting reports surrounding

the grenade blast in Kimberley that left one

person dead and over 50 injured on Hay 25. A JDO

strong ANC crowd began dispersing after handing

over a memorandum to a local SAP commander .

.Accord.ing to a security guard, the grenade came

from the crowd and ricocheted off his cheek . The

SAP allege that the Russian made device wa s

thrown by a black man at the edge of the crowd.

The ANC and the ANCYL claim that the grenade was

thrown by a white man who was standing amongst

the police . The police were also condemned for

using

crowd.

live ammunition and birdshot at the fleeing

Among those injured were an 11 year old

boy, members of the regional ANC, a National

Peace Secretariat member and a member of the UN

observer mission .

Three men brandishing AK47's, a grenade and

burs t into the Highgate Hotel in East teargas

London o n Hay 1 killing five people and

injuring several others . Azanla, the military

wing of the Azanian people'S Organisation (AZAPO)

claimed responsibility for the attack.

- 51 - (

The police however have linked this attack to

previous attacks in King William's Town and Fort

Beaufort, attacks which APLA have claimed

responsibility for. A gang of four to five people

are being sought in connection with this attack .

The inquest into the death of Hatthew Goniwe and

three

pending

request

other activists, has been postponed,

President De Klerk's decision on a

by Colonel Lourens du Plessis for

indemnity. Colonel du Plesis was responsible for

the controversial signal that ordered

"permanent removal", under orders from

drafting

Goniwe's

General Van der Westhuizen. Du Plessis indicated

that once given indemnity he may give what could

be vital evidence to the inquest.

10.1 Ciskei

The Ciskei Council of State presided over by the

homeland's leader, Oupa Gqozo, has granted

unconditional indemnity from prosecution to 69

of the Ciskei security force and ANC members

leader Ronnie Kasrils, who faced imminent charges

of murder, attempted murder and culpable

homicide,

September

arising

7 1992.

from the Bisho massacre on the

The ANC condemned the Council

of State's reasoning that the prosecution would

-52-

impact negatively on the multi - party

negotiations . The orga nisation warned that Ci skei

Defence Force members could f ace future

p ros ecution .

The ruli ng is likely t o be ~ challenged as a

contravention of the Ci sk ei 's Bill of Rights.

The Wee k ly

prosecuti o n

and ,Gqozo

predecessor,

Nail (21-27\5\92), suggested that

could have resulted in an army mutiny

would n o t hav e forgott en that his

Lennox Sebe, was ou st ed by a small

number of dis gruntle d officers.

The pap er reportered that Gqozo had assured the

CDF that no soldiers would face charges,

XI. CONCLUSION

The Board wo uld like to express its hope that the

apparent lack ot media attenti o n in the ongoing

trial, an atrocity that albeit Boipa tong

temp orarily derailed the negotiations pro cess, is

not indicative ot their commitment to see justice

served .

The

and

Dan

moot question with regar d to the abd uct ion

s ubsequent

Makhanya,

murder of Thokoza ANC treasurer,

is whether quick intervention by

the security forces could have sav~d his life,

-53-

thereby

violence

of black

st e mming the retaliatory circle of

which resulted from his death . Residents

townships have very little faith left in

the security

SAP ' s claim

forces

of

a nd the processes of

wanting to foster

law . The

better

relationships with these residents needs to be

seen and not just h ea rd. The Board, together with

the local civic , have held to date nine meetings

wi th the SAP. The aim being to address the

alleged ongoing abductions of local residents

into the hostels. One of the suggestions was,

only empty taxis be allowed to enter the confines

of the hODtc1. Thio Du ggcDtion waD meant to act

as a

against

ueterent as well as a

such abductions into the

safety mechanism

hostels .

The Board

leadership ,

also

both

expresses

regional

the hope that

and national,

the ANC

urgently

It is

ANC is

address the

unacceptabl e

allowed to

organisations

crisis

that a

in Car1etonvi11e.

local branch of the

committ atrocities in

name with apparent impunity.

the

Collection Number: AG2543 INDEPENDENT BOARD OF INQUIRY (IBI) Records 1989-1996 PUBLISHER: Publisher:- Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand Location:- Johannesburg ©2012

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