renders sketchup e photoshop.pdf

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A GUIDEBOOK TO

RENDERING WITH SKETCHUP AND PHOTOSHOP

A Compilation of Techniques for the Aspiring Digital Artist

By Andrew Haskin

University of California, Davis

June 15, 2007



A Guidebook to

RendeRinG with Sketchup And photoShop

A Cmpla Apg Dgal A

A S PjP Faly

Laap A DpamUvy Cala, Dav

Paal Flllm Rm Dg Bal S

Laap A

Ap a Appv by:

______________________________________Faculty Committee Member, Steve McNiel

______________________________________Committee Member, Mark Eischeid

______________________________________Committee Member, Andrew Headington

______________________________________Committee Member, Joseph Kelleher

______________________________________Faculty Senior Project Advisor, Mark Francis

Aw Ha J 15, 2007



Aba

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ma pbl a gly g a ll. W av SUp a

a a a mal mlg pgam, gal g a ly

a mlpl ppv a gl ml a a m by ba

m w pwl g apabl Pp. ably a

ppv ba a pal aly, a wal appaa, ayg

bw, ma w gal a a m- mmy. valy

xaly wa a y a avly l gap mma

a a a w gal ma l.

gb l w pv g a SUp a

Pp p vally a mag. m w b-

a y w m v a pg l a w ly

ly l, b ay la a mplm.

a a la a z a a m I ga m va

l gal g a m, a wll a val gap g b a

pal. y a vy b.

b w a b appl by llwg a p-by-p p

a wll lp a av am l l am

v ma. Ev m mpaly, y wll lay a ga vall pal

a w may a w . Ulmaly, gal

gb mla avy a apg gal a-

.



i

Awlgm

I wl l x my a my mm mmb all a

pp g lg pj, a ag m l m w

m ab pj a lp m v my pla g p. I av v l

m my a .

I wl al l a Sv MNl allwg m p my SUp. I

ally ag way I ab g a mma a. I w’

m, g wl’ b ay.

I wl l a Law pg m pj by vgg m m,

by g apabl Pp, a pg m a my w x p

val mma.

A I wl l a a a pp all way vy pj.

W , m wl av b w a lg a b, a pbably

wl’ av b . Ta y lpg m gaz my g a a gal.



abl C

iii

L Imag a Sppg Gap.....................................................................................

A I..........................................................................................................................

T D ................................................................................................................

T L ................................................................................................................

Cl...............................................................................................................................

Glay....................................................................................................................................

Bblgapy..............................................................................................................................

v

1

6

22

41

42

45



B-1B-2B-3B-4

iv

Fal D Pj Rg.....................................................................................SUp – Ba SUp Ml w x, Eg, a N Saw..................SUp 1.1 – Vw > Saw..................................................................................SUp 1.1 – Saw Sg..................................................................................

L

A-1

A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 A-9

A-10 A-11 A-12 A-13 A-14 A-15 A-16 A-17 A-18 A-19 A-20 A-21 A-22

A-23 A-24 A-25 A-26 A-27 A-28 A-29 A-30 A-31 A-32 A-33

A-34 A-35 A-36

Fal Mmal Am Rg..........................................................................

SUp – Ba SUp Ml Sa, Eg, a Saw...................................SUp – Vw > Fa Syl > Sa.........................................................................SUp 1.1 – Ww > Syl...................................................................................SUp 1.1 – Syl Ww......................................................................................SUp 1.2 – Vw > Saw....................................................................................SUp 1.2 – Ww > Saw..............................................................................SUp 1.2 – Saw Sg....................................................................................SUp 1.2 – Vw > Eg Syl > Dplay Eg......................................................SUp 1.3 – Ww > S................................................................................SUp 1.3 – S Ww...................................................................................SUp 1.3 – Ba SUp Ml Ml Sa, N Eg, Saw..................SUp 1.4 – Fl > Exp > 2D Gap.................................................................SUp 1.4 – Sl Op.....................................................................................SUp 1.4 – Exp Op...................................................................................SUp 2.0 – Ba SUp Ml H W, Eg, a N Saw.............SUp 2.1 – Vw > Fa Syl > H L.........................................................SUp 2.1 – Syl Ww.....................................................................................SUp 2.1 – Ww > Syl .................................................................................SUp 2.1 – Syl Ww L Ex...........................................................SUp 2.1 – Syl Ww Pl Syl..................................................................SUp 3.0 – Ba SUp Ml H W, Eg, a Saw...................

Pp 4.1 – Imag Op....................................................................................Pp 4.2 – Fl > D > Rppl.....................................................................Pp 4.2 – Rppl Sg...................................................................................Pp 4.3 – Imag w Imp Eg Lay......................................................Pp 4.4 – Blg M La...................................................................Pp 4.4 – Blg M Op....................................................................Pp 4.4 – Imag a Blg M Cag Mlply.................................Pp 4.5 – Imag a Imp Eg a Saw Lay..................................Pp 5.1 – Ea l.........................................................................................Pp 5.1 – B P......................................................................................Pp 5.2 – B Opay l Sg...............................................................

Pp 5.3 – Fal Rg..................................................................................Fal Mmal Am Rg........................................................................Exa Mmal Am Rg........................................................................

D

L Imag a Sppg Gap

Fg Dp Pag

6

8899999

1010101111111112121213131313

1414141515151516161617

172121

22242525



v

Fg Dp Pag

B-5

B-6B-7B-8B-9

B-10B-11B-12B-13B-14B-15B-16B-17B-18B-19B-20B-21B-22B-23B-24B-25B-26

B-27B-28B-29B-30B-31B-32B-33B-34B-35B-36B-37

B-38B-39B-40B-41B-42

SUp 1.1 – Vw > Eg Syl > Dplay Eg.....................................................

SUp 1.2 – Syl Ww....................................................................................SUp 1.3 – S Ww...................................................................................SUp 1.3 – Wag – S a Syl...............................................................SUp 1.3 – Ba SUp Ml w x, N Eg, a Saw...........SUp 1.4 – Exp Op Ww....................................................................Pp 2.1 – Imag Dpla 3x.........................................................................Pp 2.2 – Glwg Eg Fl Sg.............................................................Pp 2.3 – Imag w Iv Glwg Eg..................................................Pp 2.4 – Imag > Ajm > Lvl...........................................................Pp 2.4 – Lvl Sg...................................................................................Pp 3.1 – Lay > Nw Ajm Lay > H/Saa.............................Pp 3.1 – H/Saa Sg....................................................................Pp 3.1 – Imag w/ H/Saa Sg....................................................Pp 3.2 – Lay O Ajm B........................................................Pp 3.2 – Lay O Ajm A...........................................................Pp 3.2 – Imag w/ Lay O Ajm....................................................Pp 3.3 – Lay > Lay Ma > H All..........................................................Pp 3.3 – Imag w/ H All Lay Ma..........................................................Pp 4.1 – B P.....................................................................................Pp 4.1 – B Sl Ww................................................................Pp 4.2 – B lba....................................................................................

Pp 4.3 – Fg/Bag Cl Sw..............................................Pp 4.3 – Imag w/ Lay B.........................................................Pp 4.3 – Imag w/ M Lay B................................................Pp 5.1 – Dpla Lay...............................................................................Pp 5.1 – Dpla Lay Cag..................................................................Pp 5.1 – Imag Upa w/ Lay Cag......................................................Pp 5.1 – Blg M, Lay Opay, a Lay Op.........................Pp 5.1 – Fal Rg................................................................................Ma S w L I.......................................................................................Ma S w L II......................................................................................“Cal Pa” w L.....................................................................................

Al Wp w L..............................................................................................Mmal Am Aal I.....................................................................................Mmal Am Aal II....................................................................................D Pj 1 Amp...........................................................................................D Pj 2 Amp.........................................................................................

25

252525262627272828282929292929303030313131

3232333434343435363637

3738383939



An Introduction



Pp

T gb p w pwl a ay la gal g g

-mal mlg pgam, SUp, a gap-g pgam, P-

p. I pp g y, apg gal a, aly p a a y

g g a p-by-p p. T g b a a

v gal a. I wll v a a p w a b xpl

m a, val p, a gg appla.

T yma m, alg appa, mpa g-

al p lay, l, ma, b yp, a l ajm a a b

appl m g pj a vay way. T a a plam m w

y a xpl a xpm, lmaly ag y w x lvl val mm-

a.

Pgam

T -mal mlg pgam, Ggl SUp 6, a b al -

v, xbly, a a . I va mp-a g p gal

alm g pal a -pal al. Tg a ay a xg a

3D ml a ma, p 2D l a l g v “ay,” pal-

ly w mpa aal y a pp mla. T m a p

ba g SUp’ ma . Hwv, lm av g

ba ably xp va l yp a w pavly w appla.

T allw a ml a p a a m pal a

v way.

W am w Ab Pp, y aa gap g, ly a

pa ’ w a b a w m wlg b pgam a a

ll xa m. I l b a w pgam w ba a-

bly, ly ba Pp a y aa, a Ggl SUp 6 ay

la a a b wla , b ba b a Ma a Ww pag

ym.



Fllwg Pag

I llwg pag, y wll mpv, y ay llw p-by-p

mag xp m SUp g Pp. B m ma mla

mlpl lay a lw pay b val l a l ba a lay a vy

pa-l . O m vlv xpg mlpl lay m SUp a mply

ag away p lay w alla b p a wal . T

m mpaz l, ma, a ajm lay w l ga b-

, b m a al.

Ea wll bg w a vvw, a l avaag a avaag, a

gg appla y a lm ay way. T p-by-p a w

a mla a ay llw mb ma, a a pp by ampayg gap a

ap. A a , y wll m gally xampl,

a a w aal mma p. A vy gb y wll a

glay mmly m a a l .

A la , g gb, I wll myl a y g, a wll

pal av a bva a a ba a a xp g

. T may pv lpl g y al, b a by ma ay a

a al p. I m, y may p ma a mv a a

m pa by llwg mb p. I my p a g wll w y

pbl gal g a ag y xpl a bl y w -

.



he echniques



he Dennis echnique



Ovvw

T D a m g a wll ly y ba SUp

ppv a mag a mbl a wal mag. H w y wll a ga

“pag” p a al lz L . T vall

a pla a bla a w g v a l , a lvly a aa

bla a w lay val l a. T l b w

m w a l pa. Cl aw a y vw’ y

a aa mpa aa y awg. T a vlp

a a “aaz m a wl lp av a mwa pabl ‘l’ pa-

…A vag [a] l mag plpy.”

“Recipe: Put B&W rendering in Photoshop over the color one, pull out a really rough

eraser - have fun.” - Dennis

Avaag- Fa a Eay! (a m w xp)

- Op av p a xpma (xpl b w m)

- Ba ag a w

- Ga mpl or al ml

Davaag- May a yl m v

- Wal appaa may b aly appa w pa

- May m a l ppv w g a m b

pag a/ av lag a xl pa

- I , pla vw, a l-p ppv may b m fl a a

x ppv m aa

Sgg Appla- Faaway ppv m m vly

- Blg ma al al p

- P a p mma



Hw

Ba Sp

I SUp y wll xp mag am ppv mp

Pp:1. Cl/x, Saw, a N Eg2. Eg Oly 3. Eg a Saw

(Sgg: Y g mm y a l aa x ba y a m wall pg. Av vy pvx a gl, b, l, . Expmg a v wa w b y.)

(Note: The following step-by-step process adheres closely to the creator’s original. Please

refer to the Additional Recommendations section for ways to take this method even further.)



Sp 1. Lay 1 – Cl/x, Saw, a N Eg

Tis layer depicts the watercolor element of the rendering.

1.1 I SUp, a lay, w a y G l, a w bl ( al bl w j ) y Sy l.

ag G aSy l, g Ww >Syl. Sl E a apply y ag.

(P Expma: T Syl m a ga pla xpm w all ap y ml’ l. F y may wa play a w w l w pay. I ay a, ally w b w wa y all y lay.)

1.2 Saw, a Eg.

Saw , g Vw > Saw. aj a-w by agg m a a,g Ww > Saw.



0

a a S, g Ww > S. Cl pl g. Ma l ‘Sav a a w yl’ b y Ca S. A y a mS, y a l m a ay m pv g, ppv, .

(N: I vabl a l wll a y ma m m ag y -g a ajg a a’ plam mvg a . Cag S a abv wll allw y y ml a ma ag w lav a. Y w’av wy ab g xa ppv agg g aga. Ba w a b, pbl all a al g y l’ y. T a b vy l and mpv.)

Eg , g Vw >Eg Syl a Dplay Eg aPl. Y a al ag

Syl m (Ww > Syl).

1.3 Sav g a y ppv by ag a S.



(Sgg: T xp g a a g aa ay . A a l mb, yg v xp a a lw w a 3000 pxla a lw l 150. Aga, wa wb y.)

(N: Hg l ypally yl l.)

xp mag, g Fl > Exp > 2D Gap.Sl JPEG a y Fma yp, a l Op.U U Vw Sz a apply y g. I ally a g a lav A-ala . I lp jagg g.

1.5 Sav l a ay la w a am a ‘PjNam_Ppv1_ClLay.’

1.4 Nw, xp mag a a Imag Sz 4000 pxl w ( g wll aj a-gly), a a Rl 300.



Sp 2. Lay 2 – Eg Oly

Tis layer represents pencil work over the watercolor.

(N: A ay m y aally bmp ppv m gal p,l S a p a y ma. T wll vw. I al all mag a xp m xa am ppv.)

2.1 w ly l w (Eg), Saw (Vw > Saw), a g Vw, FaSyl, a l H L.Ma b G aSy l a w by agg m agly Sylm (Ww > Syl > E).



(P Expma: g m a “pll” l w, y g x, vl Sy Pl

yl m Syl m.)

2.2 Ca a S (Ww > S > l pl g > Sav a w Syl > Ca S).

2.3 Exp mag a abv g am g (Fl > Exp > 2D Gap).

2.4 Sav l a ‘PjNam_Ppv1_EgOly’ mg mla.

Sp 3. Lay 3 – Eg a Saw

Tis layer will be the top layer, which you will erase from to reveal the color beneath.

3.1 a lay, j Saw a Exp mag. B a a a wll, a av y SUp l.

(N: Ma y a g am aw g a y w ag lay.)



4

Sp 4. Impg a Ovlayg Imag Pp

4.1 I Pp, Op Cl/x, Saw, a N Eg l (Fl > Op Cl/Cm + O). Dpla lay (Cl/Cm + J) a Dl Bag lay.

4.2 Apply Rppl l ag g (w wl b fl ma wal wal). , g Fl > D > Rppl. (Am: 50%, Sz: Mm).

(P Expma: Play a w Rppl l g wa yl b l. D g wll av vayg mag z.)

(N: Y g blv l ly v y wll b pg lagmag. Y may av a am Rppl w mall mag. Y may g p alg y .)



4.3 Nw Op Eg Oly l a Sl-All mag (Cl/Cm + A). Cpy mag (Cl/Cm + C) a Pa p Cl/x, Saw, a N Eg l(Cl/Cm + V). I l pa p l lay, a all l.

4.4 bl vlay l w, l p w bx a ay ‘Nmal,’ w Lay ww j blw w ‘Lay.’ T a Pp’ Blg Op, w a b bly l ay av pj. y m mm. F

w, l Mlply. T mag l appaalm a gally SUp, b w l blg a l w.



4.5 Op Eg a Saw l, l mag (Cl/Cm + A), Cpy (Cl/Cm + C), a Pa (Cl/Cm + V) l a y abv. T l b a pm lay. T l wll appa aga.

(p: I may b l am lay y a m l y. T wll bmxgly m mpa m pa a m lay.)

T wl b a g m Sav y w (Cl/Cm + S).

Sp 5. “Pag” Imag

Here is where you will be erasing the topmost layer to reveal the color beneath. Tis will actually ap- pear as if you were ‘painting’ on the color. Tis is where the real art begins.

5.1 Sl Ea l (E), a a -ypalb (ypal b a a a p m a ga a a a b , a a mm). , l p w aw x l b p a p lba. la b yp, l mall g-

wa pg aw a l wa y.

W a y y wa pla - b w w , l OK.

(P Expma: T a l m xpma- a y m a y b a g wll a al l y g. BaB, a abv a l Ba B.)

(Sgg: I y a avg bl w bg, y W Ma B.Hlg y v a b wll allw y a p .)



5.2 S Opay b 50% l ( val l l, ma pag a lwval). Y a ag a p lba a wll.

T z b l b lavly lag, b wll ag ag z a a bj y a pag. Kp m a lag b , a y a apply .

5.3 Ma Eg a Saw lay l a apply a b mag.y “pa” ly a ’ wy ab mp. Ea ly m mpa aa y ml a al p. Ially, m w y lav pag, b al g wll l. A pa, g v mag aga a pap a w mm a a layg b . T wll a a appaa a y val lay wal, ag x w bla a SUp p. y mv b a y wl a al b ( a yl y av a

). W w l l aja a , b aa b mvg a av vlappg.

(p: I y a l y ml, mayb v mpl x, Mag Wa l (W) l paa l aa a

a m. T wll lp p p p a pv vlappg y b . Dl, p Cl/Cm + D.)



A a’ all ! F a ppv, y aga, a av ! H a a w p m a ml:

“Imagine that you are really painting on paper rather then erasing.” – Dennis

“It is important to leave lots of imperfections. Fortunately it is easy to do - just do a fast and sloppy job erasing with a big rough eraser.” – Dennis

“What I do is give the drawing a lot of white space around and keep the color pretty much tothe center - as little color as I can get away with.” – Dennis

1. Keep the trees a bit transparent (line work only)2. Lighter colors and shadows because watercolors like to be light, full of air 3. Kick the SU jitter out. It looks way cleaner to wiggle the line work in PS (use Filters >

Brushstrokes > Splatter on your line work and keep it smooth)4. Tinner and lighter line work (higher resolution and lower opacity on line work)

– Dennis

Aal Rmma

Ca a Wal Sy Wa a a m g y y mag, l Cl/x, Saw, a N L lay-

a g Mag Wa l (W), l y a l . F a y l p

a apply Dy B Fl (Fl > A > Dy B). Cpy mag a Pa

y m. Cl a ag Sy lay a Cl/x, Saw,

a N L lay. val , a away y p p lay (ma l

) a apply abv m y b .

A M W SpaBa v ll a pag, y may wa a a g y -

g ’ alay . Ea -al pa y awg wv pbl, p-

ally a g. Y may may wa a Cava Sz (Imag > Cava Sz)

a ll apa aa by ag a w lay (S + Cl/Cm + N), llg w

w g Fll l (G), a aggg lay bm.



Fa O L W Ug a a, a l w a g ( pv L W Oly lay),

mag m a a y appa al p y mag. T wll av a mla -

plag a mpa j a valg l .

A Pap xy pg x pap a “ay” y mag. I a fl, y

a mla a pap x Pp by gg gg Lay > Nw Fll Lay > Pa-

. Cl OK a la A Sa by lg pa wa, a mall

gwa pg aw. Cl OK, a x, a aj Sal apppaly. Cl

OK a Blg M Pa lay S Lg (la pp l

Lay ww, al a ‘Nmal.’).

“Usually if I apply canvas I do it to the sky and white spaces only (it will look like you had rough paper and thick paint).” - Dennis

Sp Up PIa xpg mag SUp, y may ly wa xp w by

ag l lay ( Cl/x a Saw lay). Apply Rppl Fl a

y , a g Mlply Blg Op p.

Ea N-Dvly Ug Ma Y wll vably ma ma g ag p, a b abl g “ba

m” a g (g Hy ww) y . av pblm, a

a Rval All Lay Ma by lg p lay a lg Lay, > Lay Ma > Rval

All. N ag wll b appa, b y may a w agl appa x a mall

v y mag Lay ww. Ta mall w agl p y Ma.

Ia valg l a g Ea l, y wll a B

l (B). vly “a” aa a y b, ma bla y g

l (w by pg ‘X’), l y b g a b, a av a . I a ay m

y ma a ma alz a aa a m l, ggl g l w

(X) a pa v aa. a p mag gal a a v,

ag b Opay 100% a .



0

Upag Ml a Rg W R-Eag T wll b m w y wa a a ma ag gal ml. T wll

y -xp mag m SUp a -mp a m Pp.

av yl a abl am m avg -a, y a a y pv

w’ a apply wly pa mag. , mp y w lay

y l Pp l y pvly mag. Sl y l p lay (w y

ma all y ag) a g Sl > La Sl > O (Cal al l b

“Nam Lay” apay). Ma Iv. Nw, l y w p lay

a Dl. Y may may av a m pg y ag. aj

l b y Dl pv ag, l a l l m y l-

ba a l ‘Sba m l.’

I y a g Lay Ma a abv, y a aly a y l ma

w lay mply by lg a aggg w lay.

Play a w H/Saa, Lvl, Bg/Ca g, a Blg M

W y a w y g, y may wa play a w l g

aj al l y mag. T a b l way Pp,

majy w a b Imag > Ajm. Y g m Lvl,

Bg/Ca, a H/Saa, b ag y xpl m ,

lg Vaa g av.

Expm w Blg M a wll ( p w bx la pp l

Lay ww; al a ‘Nmal’). F ma m Dpla y mag (Cl/

Cm + J) a apply Mlply, Ha Lg, S Lg, ay m av

y l. Y a by lg lay a ajg

Opay, w la a a pag pp g Lay ww. U Mlply

a a lw Opay g bly ma l y mag m vv.

I ay a abv, y may a Fla y mag (mp all lay

) a ply m y ba l. Fla mag, l mall

gwa pg aw pp g y Lay ww a l Fla Imag. I

gg y Sl-All (Cl/Cm + A) a Cpy mag (Cl/Cm + C), a a w

l (Fl > Nw > O), a Pa mag (Cl/Cm + V).)



D Exampl



he Locke echnique



Ovvw

T L vlv maplag mag g l, ma,

a ajm lay a g “pag” m val l a

by D . T mla p a l a a pabl bw

va ppv a gl pj, w a b vy l w yg p val

mag a mly ma. T g m a b , b a

al mag ly . W y apply m w SUp Pp,

p x a/ p- bj (a, , ppl, .) gly m-

m.

T L wa v Advanced Photoshop magaz “Fg

P” al. I a am w pa al wa aap w mag

xp m SUp. T wa appl a vlpm a valza

pj C H w L. By al, p a pa

a w wll a apg aa w. W a w l

ajm, a b lly appl --- la--pj

w pa , b w all x ll a.

Avaag- Fa! (w xp)

- Ga l w l mpa a l

- N yl

- Ca b appl vly ay ppv

Davaag- I w m a may ma aal Pp

- Pla mpa al p al ml

- May m p Pp w (l ajm, .) a

av l

- R m pa pa “blly” ( Sp 4)

- Dfl vg

Sgg Appla- U mag w a l al, x, p x, .



4

Hw

Ba Sp

F b l, mm y p x wv pbl y ml. A pgap pa w-mal -mal ppl, , a, . B w am al a bg xb y ml. x a ab ly appl ml a b appl la Pp w a ll avy. Ug p j w y ml wll yl a m m al al pa mag.



Saw , g Vw > Saw.

aj awby agg m a a,g Ww >Saw. Eg

, g Vw >Eg Syl a -

Dplay Ega Pl. Y

a al ag

Syl m(Ww > Syl).

1.2 I gg y m w y G a Sy l. T wll b- allw y a y w g a y bag la Pp y .

ag G aSy l, g Ww >Syl. SlE a apply y ag.

1.3 Sav g a y ppv by ag a S.

a a S, g Ww > S.Cl pl g. Ma l

‘Sav a a w yl’ b y CaS. A y l m ppv

, a a S a ya aly v m y ma ml

ag la .

(N: Ea S y ma a w pp ba g y ava m a. T pp ly l Cama La a Saw S-g, b Syl g, Vbl Lay, Ax Sg, H Gmy, .)

Sp 1. Expg Imag

1.1 I SUp, ma Saw a a Eg a .



1.4 Exp mag a a Imag Sz 4000 pxl w ( g wll aj agly),

a a gg Rl bw 150 a 300.

xp mag, g Fl > Exp > 2DGap. Sl JPEG a y Fma yp, al Op. U U Vw Sz a apply y g. I ally a g a lav A-ala . I lp jagg g.

1.5 Sav l a ay la.



Sp 2. Impg Imag a Applyg Glwg Eg Fl

2.1 I Pp, Op l (Fl > Op Cl/Cm + O) a Dpla Baglay m (3 x Cl/Cm + J). Dl Bag lay.

(p: Ramg y lay a b xmly lpl. , j bl-l lay am Lay ww a yp w am.)

2.2 Sl p lay a apply Glwg Eg l (Fl > Sylz > Glwg Eg).Ma g: Eg W 1, Eg Bg 14, a Sm 5.

(N: Nw ga a x, alg w a y, w a Pp b wa a.)



(F Sgg: F a mag a p a p, y may wa ma wl p y g a bag, a lag a mall Eg W pvly. , galz bw l a aaway bj a ay va l l l . Sav y l, Sl > Sav

Sl, a apply l. Dly awa, Iv l, Sl > Iv, av, a apply l w a w Eg W.)

2.3 Iv l by gg Imag > Ajm > Iv (Cl/Cm + I).

2.4 Ea l lgly by gg Imag > Ajm > Lvl, a mv-g ml l a val 0.55.

(N: F l ppv, y may wa a y Eg W 2 3.)



(P Expma: T g abv wll p a pa l y mag, b y may wa xpl val - l. T mma a b ag la, a a la p.)

Sp 3. Ulzg H/Saa a Lay Ma

3.1 Ca a H/Saa AjmLay by gg Lay > Nw AjmLay, H/Saa. Y a am lay y w. C Clz ab a

val: H 32, Saa 35.

3.2 Sl m bmlay ( y pla) a ag abv Glwg Eg lay a blw H/Saa Ajm lay.Ug g abv, mag wllappa bw pa l.



0

3.3 Ca a H All Lay Ma by lg p lay a lg Lay, > Lay Ma > H All. T mag wll ag l la pa v y Glwg Eg.

(N: T mall bla mbal aappa Lay ww py Ma. Y wll v apag w Lay Ma wll

Rval mag Hg, a bla wll H aga.)

3.4 Sav y l (Cl/Cm + S).



Sp 4. Pag Imag

4.1 Sl B l (B), a Havy Sa Flw b W Ma b. , l p w aw x l b p a p

lba. la W Ma b yp, l mall gwa pg aw a l . W a y y wa pla - b w w , l OK. Sl Havy Sa Flw b (w l b m p). Hl v b am b.

(P Expma: T Havy SaFlw b a a b a ylabl l. Hwv a alway w l-g b, a l m xpm-

a.)

4.2 S Opay b 50% l val l lay. Y a ag a p lba.

T z b l b lavly lag, b wll ag a-gly z a a bj y a pag. Kp m a lag b , a wll b.



4.3 vly “pa” mag, ma w y g l(w by pg ‘X’), a bg mag y , pag aa bmvg x. I a ay m y ma a ma alz a aa a m l, ggl g l bla (X) a pa v aa. a p mag gal a, ag b Opay 100% a . T mag g Lay Ma.

(D: F a m p xplaa Ma, pla Glay.)

(Impa N: Ma Ma l a lay a magl. I a ay m y l a lay a a w a Ma,l Ma mbal Ma l mag mbal mag a lay.)

A y ma y b, w’ b aly appa wa al mag gg l l. Y wll bg ma, b y wll appa pa l. T l wll bbg x p. C pag a bg lay y . Y may pagp bj a blg all a vally. Ovlappg y aa OK , pally mag a a l al a ll

x. L D , b . Imp a abl.



(N: T m y lay y b, a y wll appa, a m gal l mag wll m g. I y a may b, y wll bg ba gal SUp mag mplly. T l y lay y b, m pa H/Saa Ajm lay wll av a y al mag. I wll aa b al a , b w a ll pa y’ll y bala.)

(p: F a vga, a a gal w g w yb, y p lg amly may m a x. Ca y

pala bj a a aa aw.)

(p: A ay m g a a pa w y pag mg alg, paa x p y l a Hy ww “pba m” y w. O m, y’ll p y m ay may g v.)

(Sgg: Y may may wa a a w vg a mag by applyg a ma ag la. L D , ymay ly wa a l al p y g.)



4

Sp 5. Falzg Imag

5.1 val lm by y pag, Dpla lay (Cl/Cm + J) a ag

abv H/Saa Ajm Lay.

D’ g Sav y l(Cl/Cm + S).

I l a vv, y ajg Opay lay a lw pag. I l- a’ vv g, y Dplag p lay a play w Opay g, Bl-g M, a/ ay va mag l ajm (Imag > Ajm).

Lay Opay la a a pag pp g Lay ww. T Blg M p w bx la pp l Lay ww, a ‘Nmal’ by al.

(p: I may b a j Fla y mag (mp all lay ) a ply m ba l. Fla mag, l mall gwa pg a-w pp g y Lay ww a l FlaImag. I gg y Sl-All (Cl/Cm + A) a Cpy mag (Cl/Cm + C), a a w l (Fl > Nw > O),a Pa mag (Cl/Cm + V).)



T a may g w Pp lp y mapla l mag, xpl m gly a wa w b y. W y av mg a w, ’ y!

Y a al wa Saa. W y av pag Ma, y a aly b aa by lg mbal aal mag lay ( lay ma),a gg Imag > Ajm > H/Saa. C Pvw bx a ag Saa l g a l y.



L Exampl

N p x blg.

T g x appa a mag.



T SU w aally p- l l y w pa.

I’ ay b lppy. Pag ly a yl m pg l.



T blg a law x w ly.

Fla a apa ’ w ly.

L Exampl (’)



T wa amp a g L w pa . A aal p waa , a ga a w mplm PS. T RR a w ma SUg p aal a a . T pavg pa wa l. T wabg aply, b p a abl w al a m lav.

T wa amp a l a blla a av ga b mv.Ty al wa a m pgl l mag wa lg a ma m “g.” Tal a by w aly mv PS g Cl Samp l. Flw w ag a Spal E b.



4

Cl

I av D a L b w m m-

pg g-aly gal g. Wl I v y pla

p p xaly, I al ag y avl a xpl m, a

v ag vg m m alg. A y bm m aa w

D a L a ppg m vlv, y wll b

p xpm ma y w.

H’ pg I (Y Nam H) .

Happy Rg!



4

Glay

Ajsm Layr – A pal Ab Pp lay a a b xpm w

al ajm a lvl a v w pmaly ag ly-

g lay. Ajm lay av w avaag v applyg al ajm

mma al: 1. Ajm lvl a yam. Y a my y g

mv lay alg a ay m y w. 2. al ajm mma a

ly b appl a gl lay. O a, a ajm lay a all lay-

a.

A-Alas – R jagg g gal mag. I m by -

pg aja pxl a mg m by balag l.

bl Ms – W y a a lay Pp, bl m m w a w lay a a ba . I y ag bl m, lay w a

w wa’ ba (a a j vg ) a a “bl” g a

vay l, , .

brssr – T ma l by a la (ll) b a a. B a b -

g by , , EXURE, a aly. Sm a pp-

lly b val b av a m a. O a ma

b bv val p pag xp mvm m.

clrz – A l .

cras – T g bw lg a a aa a mag.

dsg – B p a l g lm val m.

dgal Ars - A w ga a a a mg w av aly avalabl

mp lgy, w mp gap wa, gal pgapy

lgy, a mp a pag a vav a.

exr – aa gal ma m appla a.

Flr – A plg- a mag-g pgam a Pp, w g p-

a a . F xampl, l may b g bl ap a mag,

a pal a m al aal pa.



4

Frm – A l gp, w papa w mm a xag

p mag.

Gras – Il pgap, ypgapy a m yp x, a wll a ymbl, p-

gap a gm g. Gap a val lm p a avw pala ma.

G – a b a pv al ma avl a mga ab a

amla pla.

h – I l, ma ab a l w g m l.

imr – v aa gal ma m appla a.

Lvls – A mag ajm g a allw y ag val ba l

( RGB CMYK) vally alg by l pg lw,

m, a g .

Mass – Ma mag g wa a a way pg p aa y mag,

j a y wl mag ap w pag y . A ma a

gayal al, all a alpa al a play a a by vlay

lyg mag a b g ma. T a aa a ma a

aa m p a w aa a p. Sa gay p

aa paal p a p w lvl gay.

Ml – A mp mla a -mal bj, al aba.

Mlly – Mlply l a l ma a al a mlpl ba

l by bl l. T l l alway a a l. Mlplyg ay

l w bla p bla. Mlplyg ay l w w lav l

ag. W y’ pag w a l a bla w, v

w a pag l p pgvly a l. T mla

awg mag w mlpl mag p.

oay – m b g w a lay wll w g.

prsv – A m pg -mal bj a w-mal -

a. T p vwg mg m a vaag p.



44

ps (pS) – A y aa wa pgam by Ab mag-g a

gap a.

plg- – A w pgam a ga a appla, pvg a-

al aly avalabl appla.

Rrg – T p g a 3D a 2D mag a a b vw

p pap. May vlv val am g pgam a P-

p.

Sara – Saa y a p . I ba l’ py;

a gly aa a a vv, l, wl a l aa appa

m m a gy. W aa a all, bm a a gy.

Sr – A a pm a p , mplyg a/ -g mb a by aa a a gal. SUp p-

p p.

Sa – T (bw) m mag m gal 19 a aly 20

Cy ama.

Su (Su)– A 3D mlg pgam a a b al xbly, v a-

, a a . I va mp-a g p gal alm

g -pal a pal al w galy lw

lag v mpa 3D mlg pgam. Rly p-

a by Ggl a w a v pbl, SUp bmg

a maj mp wl mp-a g a p a.

Syls – A p-l v “aw” a a gap abl.

t – Slag. S : hey, let’s do the Den ech for our project today!

tq – A m way wg w maal a a w a.

txr – T val a al aly a a bj.

Vg – A mag w g a ly bag.

warlr - A wa-ba pa a a al wa pgm.



4

Bblgapy

Ba. “Rg.” SUp P Fm. 11 Nv. 2006. Ja.-Fb. 2007

<p://m.p.m>.

Day, Ma. “E-M1.” [ppllba]. 24 Ja. 2006. Ja.-Fb. 2007

<p://www.ppllba.m>.

D. “Up Rvw.” SUp P Fm. 14 J 2005. Ja.-Fb. 2007

<p://m.p.m>.

Gay. “D M.” SUp P Fm. 28 Sp. 2005. Ja.-Fb. 2007

<p://m.p.m>.

Maall, Ga. “Dgal Wal E SUp Imag.” SUp--Wal. Ja.-Fb. 2007 <p://www.maalla..za/al/2w.m>.

Maall, Ga. “Wal.” SUp P Fm. 2 J 2006. 14 Fb. 2007 <p://

m.p.m/wa.pp?=70532>.

“R Ug SUp a Pp.” Calab.Blgp.Cm. 5 May 2006. 14 Fb. 2007

<p://alab.blgp.m/2006/05/-g-p-a-pp.ml>.

“SUp R.” SUp. Ja.-Fb. 2007

<p://www.g./~gap//p/>.

“T Fg P.” Ava Pp I 27: 54-59

zm. “Cag a Mx-Ma Imag Pp.” SU Pm Fm. 16 D. 2006.

14 Fb. 2007 <p://www.wblbx.m/l/p/pmm/

vp?=1578151>.



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