relay planting of wheat in cotton - dr. g.s.buttar
TRANSCRIPT
Relay planting of wheat in cotton
G.S.Buttar
Head, Department of Agronomy
Punjab Agricultural University,
Ludhiana
In South Asia, cotton-wheat rotation is being followed on approximately 4.5 M ha area. In Punjab cotton crop is grown on more than 5.25 lakh hectare area and on more than 90 per cent area late sown wheat crop is grown after cotton . The productivity of wheat sown after cotton is generally low (0.5-1.0 t ha-1) as compared to wheat sown after paddy (4.5-5.0 t ha-1). All the inputs used for wheat crop are same wether grown after paddy or wheat. This reduction in yield is mainly due to delayed sowing of wheat after late picking of cotton.
Wheat productivity in different districts of Punjab (kg/ha)
District 2009-10
Ludhiana 4634
Sangrur 4538
Patiala 4523
Bathinda 4034
Mansa 4297
Ferozepur 4142
Faridkot 4107
Objectives of relay planting of wheat
in standing cotton
� To evaluate suitable machinery for relay cropping of wheat into standing cotton crop
� To find out the optimum method of planting wheat in standing cotton crop
various methods �Self propelled Relay seeder
�Hand drill
�Broadcasting
�Conventional method
Newly Developed Prototype
Seed box
Fertilizer box
Clutches
Engine
Separator
Relay Seeder Specifications
� Machine length 210 cm
�Width 65 cm
� Height 130 cm
� Number of tynes 3
� Tyne to tyne distance 18 cm
� Engine 7.2 HP
� Engine RPM 3222
� Engine Model Greaves model 1080
� Number of tyres 2
� Tyre thickness 10 cm
Relay Seeding of Wheat In Standing Cotton during 2010-2011
S.No. Village Lat., Long.
Variety DO RC DOS (FP) Advance
Sowing
(days)
1 Gehri Butter 30.11608 N 074.88899 EDBW 17 10-11-2010 21-12-2010 41
2
Jodhpur
Romana 30.15721 N 074.93042 EDBW 17 11-11-2010 19-12-2010 38
3
Jodhpur
Romana 30.13931 N 074.92664 EDBW 17 12-11-2010 19-12-2010 37
4 Gehri Butter 30.09837 N 074.87917 EDBW 17 19-11-2010 15-12-2010 26
5
Jodhpur
Romana 30.14428 N 074.91803 E
DBW 17 14-11-2010 07-12-2010 23
6 Gehri Butter 30.11071 N 074.88699 EDBW 17 16-11-2010 14-12-2010 28
7
Jodhpur
Romana 30.15897 N 074.92627 EDBW 17 17-11-2010 17-12-2010 30
8 Gehri Butter 30.10112 N 074.88165 EDBW 17 18-11-2010 07-12-2010 19
9
Jodhpur
Romana 30.14533 N 074.91614 EDBW 17 19-11-2010 02-12-2010 13
10 Bathinda 30.18811 N 074.95247 E DBW 17 26-11-2010 16-12-2010 20
Wheat seeding in standing cotton
MOV00839.MPG
Relay WheatFarmer Practice
Relay wheatFarmer Practice
Relay wheat in standing
cotton
Removal cotton sticks
Wheat crop after 30 days
Manual pulling of cotton sticks after 30 days
Comparison of Relay & Conventional Crop
Sowing on
06-12-09 11-11-09
Crop duration (days) under relay cropping vis-a
vis conventional planting of wheatTreatment 2009-10 2010-11 Mean
Relay cropping with relay seeder
151.5 150.8 151.1
Relay cropping manually 151.5 150.8 151.1
Relay seeding by broadcasting 151.5 150.8 151.1
Conventional 119.8 123.3 121.5
Yield attributing characters of wheat under
different planting methodsTreatment Plant ht
(cm)Tiller density (m2)
Spike length (cm)
Number of grains / spike
Test wt (g)
Relay cropping with relay seeder
71.8 523 9.43 48.7 40.4
Relay cropping manually
70.7 492 9.08 48.6 40.3
Relay seeding by broadcasting
67.0 470 8.60 38.6 39.2
Conventional 69.0 465 8.55 37.8 37.1
Treatments
Wheat grain yield ( t ha-1) Cost of cultivation
(US$ ha-1)
Net profit
(US$ ha-1)B:C ratio2009-10 2010-11 Mean
T1 Relay seeding 4.97a 4.84a 4.91a 430 1353a 3.15
T2 Hand drill 4.51a - 4.51a 430 1123b 2.61
T3 Broadcasting 4.39a 4.64a 4.52a 430 1124b 2.61
T4 Conventional 3.52b 4.33b 3.93b 463 978c 2.11
Within a column, means followed by the same letter are not
significantly different at the 0.05 level of probability by the Duncan’s
multiple range test (DMRT)
Yield Comparison of Relay Seeding of wheat in standing cotton
CIMMYT and PAU officials visiting the experimental field after 50 days
High clearance platform for 4-wheel tractor
Relay cropping of wheat in standing cotton crop can help in getting 1.0-1.3 t/ha higher grain yield of wheat by advancing the sowing time by 19-40 days as compared to conventional method.
New machinery and package of practices needs to be developed for wide spread adoption of this technology.
Conclusions
Thanks