regional training center mepco

8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO

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TRAINING OF JUNIOR ENGINEERS

TOPICS

1- Types of Energy Meters and Their Readings

2- Calculation of Accuracy

3- Difference Mode of Defects in the meters

4- illing to Defecti!e " #oc$ed %remises

&- 'arious methods of stealing premises " their detection(

)- Method of Charging to Misuse of Electricity Energy


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Energy Meter

*att hour meter or energy meter is an instrument +hich measures

amount of electrical energy used ,y the consumers( ME%C installthese instruments at e!ery place li$e homes. industries.

organi/ations to charge the electricity consumption ,y loads such

as lights. fans and other appliances(

Basic unit of poer is atts( ne thousand +atts is one $ilo+att(

0f +e use one $ilo+att in one hour. it is considered as one unit of

energy consumed( These meters measure the instantaneous

!oltage and currents. calculate its product and gi!es instantaneous

po+er( This po+er is integrated o!er a period +hich gi!es the

energy utili/ed o!er that time period(


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These may ,e single or three phase meters depending on thesupply utili/ed ,y domestic or commercial installations( or small

ser!ice measurements li$e domestic customers. these can ,e

directly connected ,et+een line and load( ut for larger loads. step

do+n current transformers must ,e placed to isolate energy metersfrom higher currents(

Types of Energy Meters

1-Electromechanical Meter 2- tatic Energy Meter

3-mart Energy Meter

4-AMR mart Meter M5


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E!ectro"ec#anica! "eters or$s on t#e principa! of

e!ectro"agnetic in%uction( 0t is the popularly $no+n and most

common type of age old +att hour meter( 0t consists of rotating

aluminum disc mounted on a spindle ,et+een t+o electro magnets(

peed of rotation of disc is proportional to the po+er and this po+er is

integrated ,y the use of counter mechanism and gear trains( 0t

comprises of t+o silicon steel laminated electromagnets i(e(. series an%

s#unt "agnets(

Series "agnet carries a coil +hich is of fe+ turns of thic$ +ire

connected in series +ith line +hereas shunt magnet carries coil +ith

many turns of thin +ire connected across the supply(

Brea$ing "agnet is a permanent magnet +hich applies the force

opposite to normal disc rotation to mo!e that disc at ,alanced position

and to stop the disc +hile po+er is off(


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Series "agnet produces the flu6 +hich is proportional to the current flo+ing and

shunt magnet produces the flu6 proportional to the !oltage( These t+o flu6es lag

,y 78 degrees due to inducti!e nature( The interaction of these t+o fields

produces eddy current in the dis$. e6erting a force. +hich is proportional to

product of instantaneous !oltage. current and phase angle ,et+een them(

&ertica! spin%!e or shaft of the a!u"inu" %isc is connected to gear arrangement

+hich records a num,er. proportional to the num,er of re!olutions of the disc( This

gear arrangement sets the num,er in a series of %ia!s and indicates energy

consumed o!er a time( This type of meter is simple in construction and accuracy

is some+hat less due to creeping and other e6ternal fields( A ma9or pro,lem

+ith these types of meters is their easy prone to tampering. leading to

a re:uirement of an electrical energy monitoring system( These are !ery

commonly used in domestic and industrial applications(

Rea%ing '( T#eir rea%ing can )e ta$en fro" Rea%ing *ia!+*ru",


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Accuracy '(

Accuracy of t#ese "eters can )e c#ec$e% )y

co"paring T(O -ti"e o)ser.e%/ 0 T(C -ti"e ca!cu!ate%/ of

"eters .erifie% )y %isc re.s it# t#e #e!p of stop atc#,

For"u!a for accuracy test is as un%er'(

1233 4 No, of Re.s of %isc T(C 5 6666666666666666666666666

Meter Re.s 7 R,8oa%

T(C ( T(O9 age Error 5 6666666666666666666 7 :33

T(G


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E7a"p!e'( ;,;< $ !oa% is running on a sing!e p#ase S,B, "a$e"eter #a.ing Re.s =33 + $#, >ou #a.e o)ser.e% t#e ti"e of 3<

re.s of t#e %isc as ;< sec, t#en Accuracy?

T(O5Ti"e O)ser.e% 5 ;< Sec

Meter Re.s 5 =33

R+8oa%5;,;< $

T(C5?

1233 4 3<

T(C 5 6666666666666666666666666 5 ;3 Sec

=33 7 ;,;<

;3 ( ;<

9 age Error 5 6666666666666666666 7 :33

;<

9 age Error 5 ( ;39 S!o

It s#os t#at sing!e p#ase S,B, Ma$e "eter is (;


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;(*igita! E!ectronic Energy Meters

Digital signal processor or high performance microprocessors are used in digital electric

meters( 2imilar to the analog meters. !oltage and current transducers are connected to a

high resolution ADC( -nce it con!erts analog signals to digital samples. !oltage and currentsamples are multiplied and integrated ,y digital circuits to measure the energy consumed(


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@or$ing of Static Meter

Microprocessor also calculates phase angle ,et+een !oltage andcurrent. so that it also measures and indicates reacti!e po+er( 0t is

progra""e% in such a +ay that it calculates energy according to the

tariff and other parameters li$e po+er factor. ma6imum demand. etc

and stores all these !alues in a non !olatile memory EEPROM(

0t contains real time cloc$ -RTC/ for calculating time for po+er

integration. ma6imum demand calculations and also date and time

stamps for particular parameters( urthermore it interacts +ith !iui%

crysta! %isp!ay -8C*/ co""unication %e.ices and other meter

outputs( Battery is pro!ided for RTC and other significant peripherals

for ,ac$up po+er(


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Rea%ing'(

Rea%ings of static energy "eters can easi!y )e ta$en

fro" its 8C*, Rea%ings para"eters e7#i)ite% on 8C* are gi.en

as un%er'(

:( Meter No,

;( Tota! # Rea%ings

1( Pre.ious Mont# M*I -$/

=( Current Mont# M*I -$/


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1, S"art Energy Meters0t is an ad!anced metering technology in!ol!ing placing intelligent meters

to read. process and feed,ac$ the data to customers( 0t measures

energy consumption. remotely s+itches the supply to customers and

remotely controls the ma6imum electricity consumption( mart metering

system uses the ad!anced metering infrastructure system technology for

,etter performance(


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T#ese are capa)!e of co""unicating in )ot# %irections, T#ey can trans"it t#e %ata

to t#e uti!ities !i$e energy consu"ption para"eter .a!ues a!ar"s etc an% a!so can

recei.e infor"ation fro" uti!ities suc# as auto"atic "eter rea%ing syste"

reconnect+%isconnect instructions upgra%ing of "eter softareDs an% ot#er

i"portant "essages, T#ese "eters re%uce t#e nee% to .isit #i!e ta$ing or rea%ing

"ont#!y )i!!, Mo%e"s are use% in t#ese s"art "eters to faci!itate co""unication

syste"s suc# as te!ep#one ire!ess fi)er ca)!e poer !ine co""unications,

Anot#er a%.antage of s"art "etering is co"p!ete a.oi%ance of ta"pering of energy

"eter #ere t#ere is scope of using poer in an i!!ega! ay,

Rea%ing'(

Readings can ,e ta$en from #CD as static meter

Accuracy of Static 0 S"art Energy Meter

;ou can easily chec$ the accuracy of static energy meter +ith help of clip on $+h meter(

Running #oad is a!aila,le on #CD of meter at ending parameters in $+h( ;ou can compare

this load +ith your $+h meter(


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Diferent Faults in Energy

Meters

1.Terminal Burnt / Meter Burnt

2.Meter Dead / Sticking

3.LCD as!ed "ut

#.Dis$lay %eld

&.'eading Figure Missing

(.Sl)* Meter

+.Dis$lay ,$$ear / Disa$$ear itsel-

.,n)rmal 'ec)rdings 0 side

.Err)r "4E5ED )n LCD

16.'eadings 'eset 7 "8ers!))t


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9ari)us Met!)ds )- Stealing

4remises

1. Meter 'e8ersed t!r)ug! terminal l)ck2. Tilted Meter

3. 4!ase 4)larity C!ange

#. Direct Su$$ly

&. L))$ in terminal l)ck )- meter

(. L))$ )n 49C cale u$side t!e meter: )n t!e $)le

+. %)le in meter -)r 'eading 'e8ersing

. B)dy tam$ered -)r grinding dial gears

. LCD ;ntenti)nally *as!ed / damaged *it! )8er

8)ltage/)8en/acid

16. Meter B)dy tam$ered -)r l))$s / 'em)te C)ntr)l De8ice

inside t!e meter c)8er

11. Meter


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Billing / C!arging t) De-ecti8e / Stealing

4remises

;n Case )- de-ecti8e meter a8erage s!)uld ec!arged t) c)nsumer a-ter c)nsulting t!e C/L)ad.

;- $remises are l)cked t!en t!ree yearsc)nsum$ti)n data s!)uld e c)nsulted and 11m)nt!s a8erage )r c)rres$)nding m)nt!


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%% System T) res)l8e t!e diference issues

regarding illing: ME4C" !as als) intr)duced %%System. %and !andling nits !as im$r)8ed t!e*)rking )- meter reading $r)cess. Due t) t!issystem: 'eading Sna$ )- e8ery ,/C 5). is a8ailalem)nt! *ise. ,n)rmal illing !as een st)$$ed.Sna$ )- E/meter *it! Final 'eadings is a8ailale in

Energy Bill.


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#? ,M' 0 SM Meters

Now AMR (GSM) Meters have replaced static meters. It has

been designed on latest & fll! secred GSM based technolog!.

"ith the help of this s!stem #o can obtain all reading

parameters of an! AMR meter at an! time on !or laptop or

Smart $hone with a single & simple login I% within a mintetime.

• #o can easil! diagnose the falts occrring in Amr meters

while sitting in 'ce.

• In ase of an! billing dispte !o can disconnect the sppl!

of the consmer.

• No isse of abnormal charging will arose.

• AMR S!stem can save *+ !ears consmption record of

consmer which can be viewed ,conslted,printed within


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AMR Meter-s woring on Gala/! Software


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THANKS

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