REFERENCES

Aharoni, Y. “The Performance of State-Owned Enterprises”. In P.A. Toninelli ed. The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprises in the Western World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Aharoni, Y. The Evolution and Management of State-Owned Enterprises. Cambridge, Mass.:Ballinger,1986.

Aiginger, K. "The Privatization Experiment in Austria". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. Routledge: London & New York, 1998.

Aldcroft, D. H., British Railways in Transition. London: Macmillan, 1968a.

Aldcroft, D. H., The British Economy, vol 1. The years of turmoil 1918-39. Brighton. 1968b.

Amatori, F. “Beyond State and Market: Italy’s Futile Search for a Third Way”. In P.A. Toninelli, ed. The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprises in the Western World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Amatori, F. and A. Colli, “Corporate Governance: The Italian Story”, Quaderni di ricerca dell’Istituto de storia economica 1, Universitá Bocconi, Milan, 2001.

Andeweg, R. B. "Less than Nothing? Hidden Privatisation of the Pseudo-Private Sector: The Dutch Case". In eds. J. Vickers and V. Wright, The Politics of Privatisation in Western Europe. Frank Cass: Ilford, 1989.

Anthorpe, R. and Gasper, D. eds. Arguing Development Policy Frames and Discourses. Introduction to Discourse Analysis and Policy Discourse, Frank Cass, London, 1996.

Ashworth, W. The State in Business 1945 to the mid-1980s. London: Macmillan, 1991.

Archer, C., International Organizations, Routledge: London.1992.

Ariyo, A. and Jerome, A. "Privatization in Africa: An Appraisal” World Development. 1998, vol. 27 (1) 201-213.

Arnold, E. & Rowland, G. “United Kingdom: Mindbending complexitity" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1996 182-7.

Attali, J. “Towards Socialist Planning”. In S. Holland, ed. Beyond Capitalist Planning,Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1979.

Attenborough, T. “Greece: Gathering Pace”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2000: 105-6.

Avgeropoulos, S. "Greece: Slowly forging ahead" Privatisation International Yearbook 1999, 91-3.

142

Babecki, J. et al “No ‘siestas’ allowed in Spanish privatizations”. Privatisation International Yearbook 1999:32-33.

Baker, M. “Norway: Telenor breaks the ice”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001:111-2.

Barnes, C. "Privatisation experience in Portugal". In eds P. Cook and C. Kirkpatrick, Privatisation Policy and Performance: International Perspectives. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1995.

Barrett, S. "The importance of state enterprises in the Irish economy and the future for privatisation". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Bates, S. "Italy: Retail investors underpin success of privatisation programme" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1999, 94-7.

Bates, S. “Italy: Treasury with cash thanks to Enel”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2000: 112-6.

Bauman, H. "The costs and benefits of public sector holding companies (PSHC's), Corporategovernance, state-owned enterprises and privatisation. Paris: OECD, 1998.

Bauer, P.T. “Dissent on Development”. Studies and Debates in Development Economics. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.

Baumol, W. Ed. Public and Private Enterprises in a mixed economy. London, 1980.

Baumol, W., J.C. Panzar and R.D. Willig, Contestable Markets and the Theory of Industry Structure. New York: Harcourt, Brace Jovanovich. 1982.

Behrens, P. “Public Services and the Internal Market: An analysis of the Commission’s Communication on Services of General Interest in Europe”. European Business Organisation Law, 2001: 469-492.

Beltran, A., M. Bungener, and J. F. Picard, Histoire(s) d’EDF. Paris. 1985.

Bennett, A. "The measurement of privatization and related issues". In A. Bennett ed. Howdoes privatization work? London and New York: Routledge, 1997.

Bennett, A. ed. How does privatization work? London & New York: Routledge, 1997. Bergendahl, A. "Finland: Gaining Momentum" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1995: 117-120.

Bishop, M. and J. Kay, “Privatization in the United Kingdom: Lessons from experience”. World Development, 17(5), May 1989: 643-657.

143

Bishop, M., J. Kay and C. Meyer, eds. The regulatory challenge, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Bishop, M., J. Kay and C. Meyer, eds. Privatization and Economic Performance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Bon, M. "France: The ingredients of success" Privatisation International Yearbook, 1999:87-8.

Bonar, M. and Elo, M. "Finland: International Listings Beckon" Privatisation International Yearbook, 1998:128-34.

Bös, D, "Theoretical perspectives on privatisation: Some outstanding issues". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London and New York: Routledge, 1998.

Bös, D. "Privatization in Europe: A comparison of approaches", Oxford Review of Economics. 1993; 9(1)95-111.

Bös, D. “Arguments on Privatization”. In Privatization: A theoretical treatment. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991.

Bös, D., Economic theory of public enterprise. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1981.

Bös, D. and G. Kayser, "Management buy-out as an instrument of privatization in East Germany". In ed. A. Bennett, How Does Privatization Work? Essays on privatization in honour of Professor V. V. Ramanadham. London & New York: Routledge, 1997.

Bös, D. and G. Kayser, "The last days of the Treuhandanstalt". In eds. P. Cook and C. Kirkpatrick, Privatisation Policy and Performance: International Perspectives. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1995

Bosse Ringholm, “Sweden’s Policy on public ownership”. Privatisation International Yearbook, 2000: 124-5.

Boycko, M., A.Shleifer, R.Vishny, “A Theory of Privatisation” Economic Journal, 1996, 106(435) 309-19.

Brinkhorst, M. "The Netherlands: Consolidation phase" Privatisation International Yearbook.1996:161-3.

Brooks, P. "Belgium: Belgacom sparks interest" Privatisation International Yearbook.1995:107-11.

Brumby, J. and Hyndman, M. "State owned enterprise governance: focus on economic efficiency" Corporate governance, state-owned enterprises and privatisation. Paris: OECD, 1998.

144

Caiado Guerriero, J. and Caetano de Freitas, M. "Portugal: Exceeding expectations" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997:173-5.

Campbell, A. "Public sector management". In ed. M. Warner International Encyclopedia of Business and Managment. London & New York: Routledge, 1996.

Candoy-Sekse, R. and Ruiz Palmer, A. “Techniques of privatization of state-owned enterprises”, World Bank Technical paper no 90, Washington D. C: World Bank, 1988.

Carlson, B. “Public Industrial Enterprises in Sweden: Searching for a Viable Structure””. Mimeo for the World Bank, (Case Western Reserve University).

Carter, C., “The European Union social policy debate”. In P. Barbour ed. The European Union Handbook, London, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1996.

Cary, F. & Dantas, L. "Portugal: Ambitious programme continues" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1998: 161-4.

Catta, E. Victor de Metz, de la CFP au groups total, Paris, 1990

CEEP (Centre Europeen des Enterprises a Participation Publique) Les Entreprises a Participation Publique dans l'Union Europeene, Annales du CEEP, Brussels (1990/1994/1996-2000).

CEEP Declaration on Services of General Interest for the European Council of Barcelona.2002.

CEEP Information Bulletin (Various issues from 2000 to 2002).

CEEP Proposal for a Charter for Services of General Interest, 2000.

CEEP Swedish national chapter to CEEP Statistical Survey, CEEP, 2000.

CEEP Opinion: What European evaluation of the performance of the services of general economic interest? 2000.

CEEP Europa: Competencia y servicio publico. 1995.

CEEP Public Enterprise in the European Economic Community. 1984.

CEEP and ETUC, Proposal for a Charter of Services of General Interest, June 2000.

CEPS (Centre for European Policy Studies) Toward a Single Market in Utilities, Working Party Report n. 14, Brussels, 1996.

Charalambous, Y. and M. Schneider, "Greece: Moving at a slow pace" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1996: 149-52.

145

Chick, M. ‘Monopoly pricing and investment in the nationalized electricity industry in Britain and France’. Paper presented at the XIIIth Congress of the International Economic History Association, Buenos Aires, July 2002.

Childs, W. R. "Regulation and Deregulation". In ed. F. N. Magill, International Encyclopedia of Economics. Vol 2. Oxford and Cambridge: Blackwell, 1998.

Chubb, B. The government and politics of Ireland. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.

Cianci, E. La nascita dello stato imprenditore in Italia. Milano: Mursia, 1977.

Clarke, T. "The Political Economy of the UK Privatization Programme: A blueprint for other countries?". In eds T. Clarke and C. Pitelis, The Political Economy of Privatization. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.

Clarke, T. and Pitelis, C. eds, The Political Economy of Privatization. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.

Clarke, T. ed. International Privatisation: Strategies and practices. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1994.

Clementi, D."United Kingdom: Lessons learned" Privatisation International Yearbook1995:164-7.

Clifton, J., The Politics of Telecommunications in Mexico Privatisation and State Labour Relations 1982-1995, London and New York: Macmillan-St Martin’s Press, 2000.

Clifton, J. Public Service Broadcasting in a Multimedia World. CD Rom prepared for BBC/University of Leeds, 2000.

Clifton, J. and D. Diaz Fuentes, D. The process of privatisation of public enterprises in the European Union, Working document, Fundación Empresa Pública, Madrid, 1999.

Clifton, J., F. Comín and D. Diaz Fuentes, “Nationalisation and Denationalisation in the Context of European Integration: Changing contexts, unfinished debates”. Paper presented at the Congress of the International Economic History Association, Buenos Aires, July 2002.

Comín, F. Luces y sombras en la historia de la empresa pública en España. Economia Industrial, no. 329, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología. Madrid. 1999.

Comín, F. and D. Diaz Fuentes, La empresa pública en Europa. Sintesis, (forthcoming 2003).

Comín, F. and D. Diaz Fuentes, ‘Auge y decadencia de la empresa pública en Europa’. Cuadernos de Información Económica, May-June, no 162, 2001: 137-146.

146

Comín, F. and P. Martín Aceña, eds. La empresa en la Historia de España. Madrid. Civitas. 1996.

Comín, F and P. Martín Aceña, “Las privatizaciones de las empresas públicas en España”, Harvard Deusto Business Review, 53, 1993.

Comín, F. and P. Martín Aceña, Historia de la empresa pública en España, Espasa-Calpe, 1991.

Comín, F., P. Martín Aceña and J. Jiménez, Problemas actuales de la empresa pública en España, 1993, mimeo, FEP.

Comín, F., P. Martín Aceña and J. Jiménez, Problemas actuales de la empresa pública en España. Papeles de Economía Española, no. 52-3. 1992.

Condon, J. "Ireland: Relatively quiet year" Privatisation International Yearbook 1996, 153-6. Cook, P. "Privatisation in the UK: Policy and performance". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Cook, P. and C. Kirkpatrick, Privatisation Policy and Performance: International Perspectives. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1995.

Cook, P. and C. Kirkpatrick, "Privatisation policy and performance" In eds P. Cook, P. and C. Kirkpatrick, Privatisation Policy and Performance: International Perspectives. Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf: Hemel Hempstead, 1995.

Crafts, N., Globalization and Growth in the twentieth century, IMF Working Paper, WP/00/44, March 2000.

Cuervo, A. La privatización de las empresas públicas, Encuentro, 1997.

Cuervo, A. "La privatización de las empresas públicas. Cambio de propiedad, libertad de entrada y eficiencia", ICE, 1998, n. 772, pp. 45-58.

Curran, J. and Seaton, J. Power without Responsibility: The Press and Broadcasting in Britain, London and New York: Routledge, 1997.

Curwen, P. J. Public Enterprises: A Modern Approach. Brighton: Wheatsheaf Books, 1986.

Cypher, J. and Dietz, J., The Process of Economic Development, London and New York: Routledge, 1997.

Dalsgaard, O. "Denmark: Corporatisation continues but sales slow" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1994, 118-21

147

Dantas, L. "Portugal: Success in a turbulent year" Privatisation International Yearbook.1999, 101-3.

Davids, M.and van Zanden, J. L. “A Reluctant State and Its Enterprises: State-Owned Enterprises in the Netherlands in the ‘long’ Twentieth Century”. In ed. P. A. Toninelli, The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprises in the Western World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

De Bandt, J. "Privatisation in an industrial policy perspective: The case of France". In ed D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge 1998.

De Bandt, J. Van Hecke and Lagae "Belgium: Hitting the big time" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1996, 137-40.

de la Dehesa, G. "Privatización europea, el caso de España", ICE, n. 707, 1992.

Devlin, R. "Privatization and Social Welfare", CEPAL Review, 1993, n. 49.

de Stoppelaar, R. "Netherlands: Developing public private partnerships" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1998, 157-60.

Devroe, W. "Belgium: The long and winding road", Privatisation International Yearbook.1997, 128-31.

Dobek, M. The Political Logic of Privatization: lessons from Great Britain and Poland.Westport, Connecticut & London: Praeger, 1993.

Donahue, J. D. La decisión de privatizar. New York: Basic Books,1989.

Drumaux, A. "Privatisation in Belgium: the national and international context". In eds J. Vickers and V. Wright, The Politics of Privatisation in Western Europe. Ilford: Frank Cass, 1989.

Durand, P. "Privatisation in France" Privatisation in Europe, Asia and Latin America. Paris: OECD, 1993.

Eatwell, J. et al.(eds) The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1987.

The Economist – Selected articles:

“Privatisation in Europe” (29 June 2002) “Privatisation Results” (June 7, 2001) “European telecoms in a tangle” (24 April 1999) "A bad telecoms merger" (24 April 1999). "Thatcherism RIP" (24 April 1999). "The Tories untrue blues" (24 April 1999).

148

"Telecom Italia please try later" (17 April 1999). "Italian telecoms. Gulp" (27 February 1999). "Post Office. Pass the parcel" (7 November 1998). "Social Insurance: In search of a way. Can politicians sell privatisation?"(24 October 1998). "Britain: loosing the plot. Has rail privatisation really gone wrong?" (15 August 1998). "Britain: The end of privatisation?" (13 June 1998). "France's privatisation. Flying tackle" (6 June 1998). "Gliding into the market" (28 February 1998). "After privatising. Extended franchise?" (17 January 1998) "Britain: Ground fog. Airport privatisation" (14 June 1997) "Italian shares. The price of privatisation" (3 May 1997). "The price of privatisation; Italian shares" (3 May 1997). "Europe: Lander start to put assets up for sale" (21 April 1997). "London Underground. Mind the gap" (1 March 1997) "Badly sold: Dithering over privatisation" (22 February 1997). "Going private at last: Privatisation in Italy" (1 February 1997). "A sorry way to sell a state: France's privatisation programme" (18 January 1997). "Italy's sell-off" (21 December 1996). "Arrivederci, privatisation" (21 December 1996). "Privatisation. Her Majesty's shambles" (14 December 1996) "A survey of Spain" (14 December 1996). "New rail barons: Rail privatisation" (7 December 1996). "Xenophobia, meet Myopia: French privatisation postponed" (7 December 1996). "A case of the DTs: Privatisation in Europe will fail to live up to its promise" (23 November 1996)"Is the price right: privatisation in Europe" (23 November 1996). "Privatisation in Europe: Is the price right?" (23 November 1996). "Pianissimo: Italian privatisation" (2 November 1996). "A survey of Britain's new politics: The great debate - The Thatcher revolution" (21 August 1996)."Trainspotting: rail privatisation is working" (21 August 1996). "Polish off the family silver: European privatisation" (29 June 1996). "Dolce no more" (21 June 1996). "Individual shareholders. Unpopular capitalism" (18 May 1996) "Competition policy. Monopolies and mergers commission" (20 April 1996). "The gravy train: Rail privatisation; railway bribes" (20 April 1996). "Privatisation takes French leave" (9 December 1995). "Spanish banking: Luzon's gamble" (18 November 1995). "It never rains. Water privatisation" (12 August 1995). "ENIone want to buy?" (18 November 1995). "Nuclear privatisation. Will it bomb?" (23 August 1995) "Hard nuts to crack. Europe's fondness for core shareholders is undermining the benefits of privatisation" (15 July 1995). "How to privatise: The unpopularity of privatisation in Britain" (11 March 1995). "Disgusted: most Britons see privatisation as a rip-off" (11 March 1995). "The tyranny of the party line: European telecoms" (11 March 1995).

149

Edling, A. and J. Stiglitz. “Discouraging Rivals: Managerial Rent-seeking and Economic Inefficiencies”. American Economic Review, 85(5), December 1995: 1301-12.

Einaudi, M., M. Byé and E. Rossi, Nationalization in France and Italy. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1955.

Espinasse, P. "Spain: Public offer frenzy" Privatisation International Yearbook, 1998, 165-8.

Esser, J. "Privatisation in Germany: Symbolism in the social market economy?". In ed D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Esser, J. "Symbolic Privatisation": The Politics of Privatisation in Western Germany. In eds J. Vickers and V. Wright, The Politics of Privatisation in Western Europe. Ilford: Frank Cass, 1989.

Estrin, S. "State ownership, corporate governance and privatisation" Corporate governance, state-owned enterprises and privatisation. Paris: OECD, 1998.

European Commission, A Transport Policy for Europe’s Citizens, 2001.

European Commission, Simplifying and improving the regulatory framework COM (2001) 726 final.

European Trade Union Institute, Privatisation in Western Europe. ETUI, 1989.

European Union, Consolidated version of the treaties, EU, 1999 (http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/es/treaties/index1999.html).

Evans, Peter Embedded Autonomy States and Industrial Transformation, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.

Farrow, P. "Spain: Forcing the pace" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1996, 172-6.

Farrow, P. "Spain: Programme informed by pragmatism" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1995, 150-3.

Feigenbaum, H. The Politics of Public Enterprise. Princeton University Press: Princeton, 1995.

Feigenbaum, H. et al. Shrinking the State: The Political Underpinnings of Privatization.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Feiertag, O. and Martín Aceña, P. “The Delayed Modernisation of the Central Banks of France and Spain in the Twentieth Century. In ed. C.L. Hoftfrerich, J. Reis and G. Toniolo, The Emergence of Modern Central Banking from 1918 to the present. Aldershot, Brookfield US, Singapore, Sydney: Ashgate. 1999.

150

Feria, L. “Portugal: Privatisation programme on track”. Privatisation International Yearbook1999:257.

Feria, L. and T. Moore, “Portugal: Programme on track”. Privatisation International Yearbook 2000: 119-200.

Selected articles from The Financial Times:

"Telecom Italia: Colannino takes helm" (29 June 1999) "Shares rise as Olivetti bid nears deadline" (20 May 1999) "Listing may follow Nordic telecom merger" (20 May 1999) "France Telecom sues over split with ally Deutsche" (18 May 1999) "The call of the telecoms industry. Privatisation" (14 May 1999) "Tele Danmark in merger probe call" (11 May 1999) "Deutsche Telekom puts its name on the line" (6 May 1999) "D'Alema calls for pledge on Telecom Italia" (5 May 99) "Telecom Italia faces revolt over rights to merger vote" (4 May 1999) "EU to probe telecoms merger" (29 April 1999) "Italian ministers hit out over telecoms merger plan" (24 April 1999) "Telecoms marriage faces a compatibility test: Deutsche Telekom and Telecom Italia chiefs have dominating personalities" (24 April 1999) "Workers offered stake in Telecom Eireann" (23 April 1999) "Keeping above the fray: Germany's attitude to state ownership contrasts starkly with that of Italy" (22 April 1999) "Telecom Italia board approves merger" (22 April 1999) "Telecoms tie-up rests on Germany's stake" (21 April 1999) "SAS may switch to Airbus" (5 April 1999) "Nordic governments set out on path to privatisation" (29 January 1999) "Germany: new look for industrial titans" (28 January 1999) "Privatisation helps boost rankings: Spain" (28 January 1999). "Where are Britain's railways heading?" (26 January 1999) "Nordic telecoms groups to merge" (21 January 1999) "Finnish minister quits after share scandal" (5 January 1999) "Airline deal delayed by management doubts: BA-Iberia links" (19 December 99)"Survey: Italian industry and finance: everything must go" (16 December 1998) "Austria: ready for take-off: privatisation" (11 December 1998) "World energy review" (6 November 1998) "Greece: Further sale of OTE to raise $1.1bn" (2 November 1998) "International Bonds: KPN launches DM2bn offering" (23 October 1998) "Italy: D'Alema urges political reform" (23 October 1998) "France: market turmoil raises questions: privatisation" (14 October 1998) "Sonera IPO is approved" (14 October 1998) "Swisscom privatisation looks set to raise £3bn" (5 November 1998) "European construction industry: privatisation" (30 August 1998) "Ireland: Telecoms. Advocate of pragmatic privatisation" (22 August 1998) "Finland delays Fortum sell-off" (16 August 1998) "Aer Lingus receives privatisation boost" (9 August 1998)

151

"Spain: electricity privatisation" (21 July 1998) "Telecommunications: in a cellular class of its own" (9 July 1998) "Finnair: Trying to keep up with the neighbours" (8 July 1998) "R&D scoreboard: privatisation sweeping changes in priorities" (27 June 1998) "Athens privatisation plan" (26 June 1998) "Greece set to shed emerging market label" (19 June 1998) "'Non-core' Finnair likely to be sold off" (12 June 1998) "France: privatisation pays dividends" (10 June 1998) "Greece pursues privatisation plan in earnest" (8 June 1998) "Air France privatisation to be delayed" (28 May 1998) "Greek strikes privatisation protest grow" (28 May 1998) "Case study: Teléfonos de México and Deutsche Telekom" (5 November 1997) "Benefits of funding from overseas: on the effects of privatisation" (5 November 1997) "Finland to sell stake in state telecoms group" (4 November 1997) "Family silver up for sale" (18 October 1997) "Case study: Enron and Southern Company" (10 October 1997) "Utilities: Privatisation is an irreversible trend" (19 August 1997) "Aerospace: merger challenges rival" (19 August 1997) "EU expansion: Ambitions of Bulgaria and Romania undimmed" (18 August 1997 "OECD: Think-tank has clearer goals" (18 August 1997) "Italy privatisation: government has been forced into a series of compromises" (21 July 1997) "Privatised utilities: Windfall tax will raise over £5bn". (27 June 1997) "Spain - privatisation" (27 May 1997) "Portuguese banking & finance: privatisation" (16 April 1997) "UK: Anglo-French group wins $162 million rail deal" (15 April 1997) "Credit Lyonnais plans sell-off strategy" (8 January 1997) "Austrian bank sale approaches final hurdle" (17 December 1996) "Deutsche Telecom privatisation" (23 November 1996) "Finding the right measure: Deutsche Telecom privatisation" (23 November 1996) "Record issue stirs investor enthusiasm" (23 November 1996) "Incumbents keep upper hand" (23 November 1996) "Shedding bureaucracy legacy" (23 November 1996) "Sales star above rest" (23 November 1996) "Belgium: trying on a different suit. Privatisation" (19 November 1996) "Deal reached on privatisation of Postbank" (6 November 1996) "Broadband side in a tangle as mobiles take off" (23 October 1996) "Spanish banking and finance" (15 October 1996) “Deutsche Telecom privatisation: Aggressive defence surprises newcomers" (4 October 1996) "Deutsche Telecom privatisation: Succumbing to the lure of overseas attractions" (4 October 1996)"Survey: UK rail privatisation" (26 August 1996) "Thyssen's top managers arrested: Chief executive bailed as prosecutors investigate alleged privatisation fraud" (10 August 1996) "Creditanstalt privatisation in doubt" (8 July 1996) "Pace of state sell-offs stepped up" (14 June 1996) "Risks and challenges on the horizon: Can Germans develop a taste for equities?" (29 May 1996)"Survey of Portuguese banking and finance" (26 March 1996)

152

"Privatisation profile of Electricidade de Portugal" (26 March 1996) "Privatisation move awaits go-ahead" (5 March 1996) "Pressure for compromise in Deutsche Post feud" (23 January 1996) "Survey of world nuclear industry" (7 December 1995) "Survey of French finance" (1 December 1995) "UK electricity: utilities' last privatisation taboo" (14 November 1995) "Portugal: The rapid pace continues - privatisation" (8 October 1995) "France: Sell-off plans hit obstacles" (27 August 1995) "Survey of international equities" (14 August 1995) "Italy: utilities unchained" (28 July 1995) "Spain: A dinosaur sprouts wings - Telephone privatisation" (30 June 1995) "Aerospace: Privatisation remains some way off" (12 June 1995) "Spain: Repsol sell-off will spur further disposals - privatisation" (23 May 1995) "Portugal: Finance and investment. Telecom points the way - privatisation" (14 March 1995). "Credit management: searching look at privatisation" (6 March 1995) "Germany: Local government targeted - privatisation thrust is renewed" (21 November 1994) "French finance and investment: privatisation spurs share ownership" (14 November 1994) "Survey of management buy-outs: British Coal privatisation plans" (1 December 1994) "Survey of International Telecommunications" (17 October 1994) "Italy: catalyst for change - privatisation and the new government" (7 July 1994) "Greek banking and finance" (20 May 1994) "Portugal: new team attempts to generate fresh impetus - privatisation" (22 February 1994)

Finsinger, J. Public Sector Economics, Palgrave Macmillan: London. 1983.

Finansministeriet, The Danish Policy on Privatisation Copenhagen:Finansministeriet, 1996.

Fishlow, A. et al., “Selected Industrial Policies in East Asia: Is the East Asian Miracle right?”. In Miracle or Design, Washington DC Overseas Development Council, University Press, 1994.

Fleuriet, M. "France: Inevitable slowdown" Privatisation International Yearbook 1996: 141-8.

Flichy, P. Dynamics of Modern Communications: The Shaping and Impact of New Communication Technologies. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi, Sage: 1995.

Foreman-Peck, J., 'The Privatization of Industry in Historical Perspective', Journal of Law and Society, 16, 1. 129-48, 1989.

Fox, J. "United Kingdom: From privatisation to PFI and beyond" Privatisation International Yearbook 1999: 114-6.

Fox, J. And N. Tott, “Beyond privatization: public private partnerships”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001:121-3.

153

Fox, J. and N. Tott, “UK: Significant developments”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2000:128-9.

Freeman, C. and Soete, Work for All or Mass Unemployment? Computerised Technological Change into the Twenty-First Century. 1994.

Freire, C. and Salgado, P. "Portugal: Utilities may be next" Privatisation International Yearbook 1994, 143-6.

Friedmann, W. and Garner, J.F, Government Enterprise, Stevens and Sons, 1970.

Fridenson, P. ‘Les enterprises publiques en France de 1944 á 1986’. In ed. V. Zamagni, Annali di storia dell’impresa. 1987.

Fuller, M. “Netherlands: Momentum regained" Privatisation International Yearbook 1994, 140-2.

Galal, A. “Public Enterprise Reform: Lessons from the past and issues for the future”. World Bank Discussion Paper, no 119, Washington D.C., 1991.

Galal, A. Jones, P. Tandon, and I. Vogelsand, I., Welfare consequences of selling public enterprises: An empirical analysis. Washington D. C., 1994.

Gámir, L. Privatizaciones, eficiencia y transparencia. ICE no 772, pp. 27-44. 1998.

Gerschenkron, A., Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective, Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1962.

Gibbon, H. “Italy: grand plans for 2001”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001: 107-8.

Gibbon, H., “Spain: Options in the Air”. Privatisation International Yearbook. 2000: 114.

Gibbon, H. “World-wide economic orthodoxy”, Privatisation International Yearbook 1998: 2-3.

Glahe, F. R. ed. Adam Smith, An inquiry into the nature and causes of the Wealth of Nations,Savage, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 1993.

Goldstein, A. "Privatisations et contrôle des enterprises en France" Revue économique. n. 6, November 1996. 1309-32.

González Paramo, J. "Privatización y eficiencia: ¿Es irrelevante la titularidad?" Economistas,1995:32-44.

Grillo, R., "Discourses of Development The View from Anthropology". In eds. R. Grillo and R. L. Stirrat Discourses of Development, Anthropological Perspectives, Oxford International Publications, 1997.

154

Hall Public Enterprise in Europe, PSPRU, 1997.

Hamdouch, A. L’Etat d’Influence. Nationalizations et privisations en France. Paris, Presses du CNRS. 1989.

Hanf, K. "The political economy of ecological modernization: creating a regulated market for environmental quality". In eds. M. Moran and T. Prosser Privatization and Regulatory Change in Europe. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1994.

Hanke, S. H. "Privatization" eds. J. Eatwell et al. The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics. Macmillan: London and Basingstoke, 1987.

Hanke, S. H. ed. Prospects for privatisation. The Academy of Political Science: New York, 1987

Haritakis, N. & Pitelis, C. "Privatisation in Greece". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Haq, M. ul “The vision and the reality”. In Haq, M. ul, Jolly, R., Streeten, P. and Haq, K.The UN and the Bretton Woods Institutions, London: Macmillan, 1995.

Harriss-White, B and G. White, Liberalization and the New Corruption, International Development Studies Bulletin, Sussex, 27(2), 1996.

Heald, D. "The United Kindom: Privatisation and its Political Context". In eds J. Vickers and V. Wright, The Politics of Privatisation in Western Europe. Frank Cass: Ilford: Frank Cass, 1989.

Heath, J. "Privatization in perspective", (ed) A. Bennett How does privatization work?Routledge: London & New York, 1997.

Her Majesty's Treasury, "Privatisation in the United Kingdom" Privatisation in Asia, Europe and Latin America (prepared by Jan Schuijer). Paris : OECD, 1995, 29-40.

Ho, W.H, An economic analysis of privatization. Doctoral Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1999.

Hochmuth, M.S, “The SOE as a Tool for Implementing Foreign Policy”. Paper presented at the conference on State-Owned Enterprises, Harvard Business School, Boston, Mass, 1979.

Hofkirchner, H. "Austria: move towards majority disposal" Privatisation International Yearbook 1994: 106-112.

Hope, K. "Greece: Unconvincing conversion" Privatisation International Yearbook 1995 130-2.

155

Hopland, J. W. and Grefsrud, S. "Norway: A quartet of bank sales" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997: 168-72.

Hulsink, W., Privatisation and Liberalisation in European Telecommunications. Routledge Studies in International Business and the World Economy. London and New York: Routledge, 1999.

Hulsink, W. and Schenk, H., "Privatisation and deregulation in the Netherlands". In ed D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Humphreys, P. Mass media and media policy in Western Europe, Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1996.

Hutton, W. The Observer 8 September, 2002

Iheduru, O.C. 1994 The limits of public sector reforms: Evidence from the maritime sector, Journal of Developing Areas 28(3): 393-424.

Ikenberry, J. G. “The international spread of privatization policies: inducements, learning and ‘policy bandwaggoning’”. In eds. Suleiman, E and J. Waterbury, Privatization and Public Sector Reform. Boulder:Westview Press, 1990.

Jackson, P. and C. Price, Privatization and Regulation: A review of the issues, Longman, 1994.

Jenkinson, T. "Corporate Governance and Privatisation via Initial Public Offering (IPO)", Corporate Governance, State-owned Enterprises and Privatisation. OECD: Paris, 1998

Jones, T. "Spain: yet another hectic year" Privatisation International Yearbook 1999, 104-5.

Käärianinen, S. “Omistuspohjan laajentamiesesta voimaa teollisuuden kehittämiseeen”, unistuvo teollisuus, Helsinki, 1994.

Kalliomaki, A. "Finland: Optimism continues" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1999: 85-6.

Katsoulacos, Y. "Rationale and Optimal Implementation of Privatization Policies: The Case of Greece". In eds T. Clarke and C. Pitelis, The Political Economy of Privatization. London & New York: Routledge, 1993.

Kay, J. A, & Thompson, D. J., “Privatisation: A policy in search of a Rationale”, EconomicJournal 1986 (96)1,18-32.

Kelly, T. "Telecom privatisations: The new realism" International Telecommunications Union: Geneva. http://www.itu.int/ti/papers/privatisation/gtbar

Keogh, D. Twentieth Century Ireland: Nation and State. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. 1994.

156

Keyser, W. and Windle, R. Eds. Public Enterprise in the EEC, 7 vols, Netherlands, Sitjhoff and Noordhoff, 1978.

Kikeri, S, J. Nellis and M. Shirley, Privatization: The Lessons of Experience, Washington D. C: World Bank, 1992.

Kjerulf, D. "Denmark: Successful telecoms sale" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1998: 124-7.

Knudsen, K. and Kjerulf, D. "Denmark: Consolidating achievements" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1995: 112-6.

Kostka, C. "Italy: Full steam ahead into 1998" Privatisation International Yearbook,1998:151-6.

Kroon, P. M. "The Netherlands: Many and varied faces" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997:164-7.

Kubik, F. “Austria: A quiet year”, Privatisation International Yearbook, 2000: 94-5.

Kubik, F. "Austria: New possibilities" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1999, 80-4.

Kubik, F. and Rauscher, R. “Austria: Tabak lights up market”, Privatisation International Yearbook. 1998, 121-3 .

Kubik, F. and R. Rauscher, "Austria: Gradually moving ahead" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997, 125-7.

Kuczynski, P. "Privatization and the Private Sector", World Development. 1999, vol. 27 (1), 215-24.

Kyriazi, A. "Greece: Grabbing the bull by the horns" Privatisation International Yearbook.1998: 144-7.

Laban, R. and Wolf, H. “Large-scale privatisation in transition economies” AmericanEconomic Review 83, 1993, 1199-1210.

Lasheras, M. A. La regulación económica de los servicios públicos. Barcelona, Ariel. 1999.

Lane, J.E., The public sector. Concepts, Models and Approaches, (2nd edition).Sage, London, 1995.

Lange, O. "France: Pragmatic approach to privatisation" Privatisation International Yearbook1998, 135-9.

Lange, O. and F. Taylor, On the economic theory of socialism, McGraw, 1964.

157

Lee, J. J. Ireland 1912-1985, Politics and Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Leaman, J. "Regulatory Reform and Privatization in Germany". In eds M. Moran and T. Prosser, Privatization and Regulatory Change in Europe. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1994.

Leblanc-Wohrer, M. « France : Pace slowing down », Privatisation International Yearbook 2001:95-7.

Letwin, O. "Western Europe: A bumper year in 1998" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1999 10-13.

Lieberman, I. W., “Privatisation: The Theme of the 1990’s – An Overview”. Columbia Journal of World Business 1993. 28 (1) 8-17.

Lindholm, M. “Finland: a strong performer”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001, 93-4.

Littlechild, S. C. , The fallacy of mixed economy: An Austrian critique of economic theory and policy, Cato Institute, London, 1978.

Lloyd, C. et al. "Spain: Beginning to gather pace" Privatisation International Yearbook.1997: 176-9.

Maddison, A. The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective. Paris: OCDE, 2001.

Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1820-1992, OECD, Paris, 1995.

Maddison, A. Dynamic Forces in Capitalism Development A Long-Run Comparative View, OUP, Oxford, 1991.

Maddison, A., D. S. Prasada Rao, and W. Shepherd, eds. The Asian economies in the twentieth century, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2002.

Magill, F. N. ed. International Encyclopedia of Economics. Blackwell: Oxford and Cambridge MA. Vol. 2, 1997.

Magold, R. et al. "Germany: Privatisation gains momentum" Privatisation International Yearbook 1998: 140-3.

Magold, R and D. Helms, “Germany: slow progress”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001:98-9.

Magold, R. and D. Helms, “Germany: New activity despite delays”. Privatisation International Yearbook 2000:103-4.

158

Mahboobi, L. “Recent Privatization Trends”, OECD Financial Market Trends, (2000, 2001, 2002).

Mansell, R "From telephony to telematics services: equity, efficiency and regulatory innovation", Economic and Social Research Council Programme in Information and Communication Technologies annual lecture, 1993.

Mañas, L. ‘La experiencia de una década de privatizaciones’. ICE no 772, pp. 145-175. 1998.

Marrelli, M and Stroffolini, F. "Privatisation in Italy: A tale of ‘capture’”. In (ed) D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Marshall, Alfred. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd, 1920. [Online] available from http://www.econlib.org/library/Marshall/marP1.html; accessed 3 January 2003.

Martin, B. "How do employees own their workplace?" Corporate governance, state-owned enterprises and privatisation. Paris: OECD, 1998.

Martin, C. and S. Bates, "Italy: La Dolce Vita" Privatisation International Yearbook 1997, 158-63.

Martin, M. "France: More testing times ahead" Privatisation International Yearbook 1995, 121-4.

Mayeur, P. "France: successful debut for programme" Privatisation International Yearbook.1994, 129-33.

McCurry, P. “Golden shares fail to glisten”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2000: 41-43.

McCurry, P. “Portuguese markets blossom”. Privatisation International Yearbook 1999: 16-20.

McDonald, K. R., “Why privatization is not enough”. Harvard Business Review 71 (3) 1993: 49-59.

McGovern, C. “Ireland pushes forward with liberalization”, Privatisation International Yearbook 1999. 23-5.

McGowan, F. “Ownership and Competition in Community Markets: a problem for the Comission”. In eds. Clarke, T, and C. Pitelis, The Political Economy of Privatisation. London: Routledge, 1993.

McKinnon, J. "Regulation in the United Kingdom". In eds. P. Cook and C. Kirkpatrick, Privatisation Policy and Performance: International Perspectives. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1995.

159

Megalou, C. and Hawley, R. "Greece: A golden age in the modern era". Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997: 150-4.

Megginson, W., Nash, R. and van Randenbourgh, M. “The Financial and operating performance of newly privatized firms: An International empirical analysis”. Journal of Finance, 49(2), 1994, 403-52.

Megginson, W. and J. Netter, “From State to Market: A survey of empirical studies on Privatization”, Journal of Economic Literature, June 2001.

Michalis, M “European Union broadcasting and Telecoms: Towards a Converging Regime?” European Journal of Communication, Vol 14(2), 147-171, 1998.

Michie, J and G. Smith, Managing the Global Economy: Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Michie, J. "Privatization and regulation". In ed. M. Warner, International Encyclopedia of Business and Management. London & New York: Routledge, 1996.

Miller, A. "Privatization - Lessons from the British Experience" Long Range Planning. 1994, vol. 27 (6) 125-36.

Millward, R., “State Enterprise in Britain in the Twentieth Century”. In ed. P. A. Toninelli, The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprises in the Western World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Millward, .R. "Germany: Pursuing progress in private finance" Privatisation International Yearbook, 1999. 89-90.

Millward, R. "United Kingdom: PFI evolution continues" Privatisation International Yearbook, 1998, 175-7.

Millward, R. “The comparative performance of public and private ownership”. In ed. E. Roll, The Mixed Economy, London: Macmillan, 1982.

Millward, R. and Parker, D. “Public and private enterprise: Comparative behaviour and relative efficiency”. In eds. R. Millward, D. Parker, L. Rosenthal, M. T. Summer and N. Topman, Public Sector Economics. London, 1983.

Mises, von, L. Planning for Freedom, Libertarian Press, 1962.

Montes Gan, V. J. and Petitbò, J. "The privatisation of state enterprises in the Spanish economy". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. London & New York: Routledge, 1998.

Moran, M. and T. Prosser, eds. Privatization and Regulatory Change in Europe. Open University Press: Buckingham: Open University Press, 1994.

160

Montoro, C. ‘La privatización del Sector Público en España. En Círculo de Empresarios’, Lapolítica económica española en la Unión económica y Monetaria Europea pp. 299-320. 1991.

Morin, F. "The privatisation process and corporate governance: The French case" Corporategovernance, state-owned enterprises and privatisation. Paris: OECD, 1998.

Morris, N. “Public, private or a bit of both” New Statesman, 1999, 26 July.

Müller, F. "Germany: Telekom may lead new equity culture" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997, 145-9.

Müller, W. C. "Privatising in a Corporatist Economy: The Politics of Privatisation in Austria". In eds J. Vickers and V. Wright, The Politics of Privatisation in Western Europe. Ilford: Frank Cass, 1989.

Murie, A. “What can the councils afford? Housing under the Conservatives”. In ed. P. Jackson, Implementing Government Policy Initiatives: The Thatcher Administration, 1979-83.London.1985.

Nellis, J. , ‘Time to Rethink Privatisation in Transition Economies’, IFC Discussion Paper, no. 38, Washington D.C. World Bank Group, 1999.

Nellis, J. ‘ Privatisation in Transition Economies: What Next?’ working paper, Washington D.C. World Bank, 2000.

Newberry, D. Privatization, restructuring and regulation of network utilities. MIT Press.2000.

Noam, E. Telecommunications in Europe. New York.1992.

Nestor, S. and M. Nigon, "Privatisations in Europe, Asia and Latin America: What lessons can be drawn?" Privatisation in Europe, Asia and Latin America. Paris: OECD, 1993.

Nicholson, C. "United Kingdom: New directions for privatisation" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1994: 160-2.

Nolan, P. and Xiaoqiang, W. "Beyond privatization: Institutional innovation and growth in China's large state-owned enterprises" World Development 1998, vol. 27 (1), 169-200.

Nunes, A., Bastien, C. And Valério, N. “Nacionalizaçoes em Portugal: uma valiaçao histórica”, XIII Congress of Economic History, University of Québec-Trois Rivieres.

Nüva, E. "Finland: Private Ownership gradually extended" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1994: 122-7.

O'Gorman, K. "Ireland: Liberation through liberalisation" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997, 155-7. OECD Documents:

161

OECD Fourteenth plenary session: Managing Commercial Assets under State Ownership,

OECD Advisory Group on Privatisation, 2002.

OECD Privatisation in Greece. 1999.

OECD Corporate governance, state-owned enterprises and privatisation. OECD: Paris, 1998a.

OECD "Open markets matter: The benefits of trade and investment liberalisation" Policy Brief. 1998b.

OECD Privatisation Trends. 1998c.

OECD "Regulatory reform" Policy Brief. 1998d.

OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook, Paris, 1998e.

OECD Comparative overview of privatisation policies and institutions in OECD member countries. 1997a.

OECD. Privatisation Trends. 1997b

OECD The Fourth Plenary Session of the OECD Privatisation Network. 1997c.

OECD International Market Openness, 1997d.

OECD Report on Regulatory Reform: Vol 1- Sectoral Studies; Vol II, Thematic Studies, 1997e. Paris.

OECD Privatisation Trends in OECD Countries. 1996a.

OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook, Paris, 1996b.

OECD Regulatory Reform and International Market Openness, Paris, 1996c.

OECD Eighth meeting of the OECD/CCET Advisory Group on privatisation. 1995.

OECD Economic Surveys: Austria (1991-1999) Belgium - Luxembourg (1991-1999) Denmark (1991-1999) Finland (1991-1999) Germany (1991-1999) Greece (1991-1999) Ireland (1991-1999) Italy (1991-1999) Netherlands (1991-1999)

162

Portugal (1991-1999) Spain (1991-1999) Sweden (1991-1999) United Kingdom (1991-1999)

OECD Financial Market Trends, Paris, OECD. Years: 1994-1999. Special reference made to no 72, February 1999 and no. 70.June 1998.

OECD Shareholder Value and the Market in Corporate Control in OECD countries, no. 69 March 1998.

OECD The Impact of Institutional Investors on OECD Financial Markets, n. 68, November 1997.

OECD Recent Trends in Foreign Direct Investment, n. 67, June 1997.

OECD Regulatory Reform in the Financial Services Industry: Where have we been? Where are we going? n. 67, June 1997.

OECD Privatisation: Recent Trends. n. 66. March 1997.

OECD Recent Trends in Foreign Direct Investment, n. 64, June 1996.

OECD Recent Trends in Privatisation, n. 64, June 1996.

OECD Financial Markets and Corporate Governance, n. 62, November 1995.

OECD Privatisation and Capital Markets in OECD countries, n. 60, February 1995.

OECD Systems of Government Bond Auctions in OECD countries, n. 59, October 1994.

El País – selected articles:

"La Comisión de Valores portuguesa suspende la cotización de sociedades de Champalimaud" (15 June 1999). "El fin de la empresa pública industrial?" (22 August 1997). "Patrick Gallahar: Director para Europa de BT" (13 October 1996).

Parker, D. "Privatization in the European Union: A critical assessment of its development, rationale and consequences". Economic and Industrial Democracy. 1999: 20, 9-38.

Parker, “Introduction". In ed. D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. Routledge: London & New York (1998).

Parker, D. “ Privatisation ten years on: A critical analysis of its rationale and results”. In ed. N. M. Healey Britain's Economy Miracle, London, 1993.

163

Parker, D. ed. Privatisation in the EU: theory and policy perspectives. Routledge: London, New York, 1998.

Parker, D. and Hartley, K. “Do changes in organizational status affect financial performance?”. Strategic Management Journal, 12, 8, 1991: 631-41.

Parris, H. Pestieau, P. and Saynor, P. Public Enterprise in Western Europe London: Croom Helm, 1987.

Perroux, F. “Les Banques d’Emission et l’Etat”, Revue d’Economie Politique, vol. 1, IV, 1945: 485-98.

Petillion, F. “Belgium: sell-offs still countered”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001: 91-2.

Petillion, F. “Belgium Privatisation process slows”, Privatisation International Yearbook2000, 96-98.

Pigou, A. C. The Economics of Welfare, London, Macmillan, 1920.

Pinto Coelho, P. "Portugal: Renewed commitment" Privatisation International Yearbook.1996, 167-71.

Pliatsky, L. Getting and Spending, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1982.

Posner, M.V. ‘Nationalisation’ in eds. J. Eatwell et al, The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1987.

Posner, M.V. and Woolf, S.J. Italian Public Enterprise. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. 1967.

Prager, J. "Banking privatization". In ed. A. Bennett How does privatization work? London and New York: Routledge, 1997.

Price, C. "Gas Regulation and Competition: Substitutes or Complements?". In eds. M. Bishop, J. Kay and C. Mayer, Privatization & Economic Performance, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1994.

Price Waterhouse, Privatization: Learning the Lessons from the U.K. Experiences London: Price Waterhouse, 1989.

Privatisation International Yearbook, “Twenty Years of Privatization”, 2000, 7.

Privatisation International Yearbook, (1994-2000).

Prior, N. And M. Lindholm, Finland: Slight delays but sustainable growth. Privatisation International Yearbook 2000:99-100.

164

Prosser, T. and M. Moran, "Privatization and regulatory change: The case of Great Britain". In eds. M. Moran and T. Prosser, Privatization and Regulatory Change in Europe.Buckingham: Open University Press, 1994.

Prosser, T. and M. Moran, “Conclusion: from national uniqueness to supra-national constitution". In eds. M. Moran and T. Prosser, Privatization and Regulatory Change in Europe. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1994.

PSRU (Public Sector Research Unit) Restructuring and Privatisation in the Public Utilities - Europe, paper for ILO Conference, 1997.

Ramamurti, R. ed., Privatizing Monopolies: Lessons from the Telecommunications and Transport sectors in Latin America, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1996.

Ramamurti, R., "Why haven't developing countries privatized deeper and faster?" World Development. 1999, vol. 27 (1), 137-55.

Ramamurti, R. and Sarathy, R. 1997 “Deregulation and globalisation of airlines” International Trade Journal 9(3) 389-432.

Richter, P., "Sweden: Confidence restored by landmark deals", Privatisation International Yearbook, 1994, 152-155.

Rider, G. Will New Labour Walk on Water? Andersen Consulting, 1999.

Ridley, A., "Financial aspects of privatization” Privatisation in Europe, Asia and Latin America, Paris: OECD, 1993.

Ringrose, B. “Ireland: enthusiasm is cooling”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001:104-6.

Robinson, D. and Gutiérrez Hevia, I. "Spain: Pragmatic programme accelerates" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1994: 147-51.

Robson, W. A. Nationalised Industry and Public Ownership. 2nd edition, London: Allen & Unwin. 1962.

Rock, K., "Why new issues are underpriced" Journal of Financial Economics. 1986(15)187-212.

Rodriguez Valladares, M. “EdP’s international ambitions”, Privatisation International Yearbook 1999:23-4.

Rowthorn, R. and Wells, J. "De-industrialisation in the UK: Three theses". In eds. D. Coates and J. Hillard, UK Economic Decline: Key Text, Prentice Hall: London, 1987.

Saluja, M. "United Kingdom: The end of the tunnel?" Privatisation International Yearbook.

165

1997, 186-91.

Sappington, D. and J. Stiglitz, “Privatization, Information and Incentives”, Journal of Policy Analysis Management, 6, 1987.

Sassoon, J., Wilson, L. and Saluja, M. "Austria: Activity at the heart of Europe" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1995: 131-6.

Sassoon, J. and M. Pellbäck, “Sweden: Bold, novel approach”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2001: 115-117.

Sawyer, M. and O’Donnell, K., A future for public ownership. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1999.

Scheriau, C. "Austria: Driving force for markets" Privatisation International Yearbook,1995:101-6.

Scheider, H. N. ‘Patterns of Public Enterprise: Government intervention and the American economy, 1790 to the present’, Annali di storia dell’impresa, ed. V. Zamagmi, Milan, 1987.

Schnabel, C. “Economic aspects of German unification”. In ed. P. Welfens, Economic aspects of German unification: expectations, transition dynamics and international perspectives. Springer, 1996.

Schrans, H. "Belgium: asset transfers get under way" Privatisation International Yearbook.1994: 113-8.

Segnana, L. "Public-Private Relations in Italy. The experience of the 1980s". In eds. T. Clarke and C. Pitelis The Political Economy of Privatization. London & New York: Routledge, 1993.

Sérgio, R. "The Portuguese privatisation experience" Privatisation in Asia, Europe and Latin America (prepared by Jan Schuijer) OECD: Paris. 1993, 53-66.

Shapiro, H. and Taylor, L., The State and Industrial Strategy, World Development, 18, no. 6, 1990.

Shin, R. "Privatization" (ed.) F. N. Magill, International Encyclopedia of Economics. FD: London & Chicago, 1997.

Shirley, M., "Bureaucrats in Business: The Roles of Privatization versus Corporatization in State-Owned Entreprise Reform" World Development. 1999, vol. 27 (1), pp. 115-36.

Shirley, M. “Trends in Privatization”, Economic Reform Today, No. 1, 1998.

Shirley, M. Managing state-owned enterprises, World Bank Staff Working Paper 57, Washington, 1983.

166

Shirley, M. and J. Nellis, “Public Enterprise Reform: The lessons of experience”, World Bank Publication no. 9800, Washington D.C: World Bank, 1991.

Shirley, M. and P. Walsh, “Public vs. Private Ownership: The current state of the debate”. The World Bank, June 2000.

Short, R., "The role of public enterprises: An international statistical comparison" in R. Floyd, C. S. Gray and R. Short Public Enterprises in mixed economies: Some macroeconomic aspects. Washington D.C. International Monetary Fund, 1984.

Simpson, S. et al, “Ireland: Celtic tiger roars with eircom float”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2000: 109-111.

Siniscalco, D. et al, Privatizzazioni difficili, Bologna, II Mulino, 1999.

Singer, H. W. “An Historical Perspective”. In Haq, M. ul, Jolly, R., Streeten, P., and Haq, K. The UN and the Bretton Woods Institutions, London: Macmillan, 1995.

Stacpoole, M. and Kinde, J. Encouraging Outlook: Nordic region. Privatisation International Yearbook, 1996: 164-6.

Skalickly, J. “Worldwide economic orthodoxy” in Privatisation International, 1998.

Steel, D. and Heald, D. The privatisation of public enterprises, 1979-83. In ed. P. Jackson, Implementing Government Policy Initiatives: The Thatcher administration, 1979-83, London. 1985.

Stein, P. "Sweden: Hiatus after Sales" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1995:154-6.

Stewart, J. “Spain rapidly privatises its core economy”, Privatisation International Yearbook 1999: 22-3.

Stigler, G. “The theory of economic regulation”, Bell Journal of Economics. 1971.

Stiglitz, J, Globalization and its discontents, London: Allen Lane, 2002.

Stiglitz, J. 'Bankruptcy Laws: some elementary economic principles', Conference Européene de le Banque Mondiale sur l'Economie du Dévelopment, 21-23 June 1999, Paris.

Stiglitz, J. More instruments and broader goals: moving towards the post-Washington Consensus, Helsinki: United Nations University WIDER, 1998.

Stretton, H. and Orchard, L. Public Goods, Public Enterprise, Public Choice. Theoretical Foundations on the Contemporary Attack on Government, Macmillan, 1994.

Swedish Government Offices, Report for the Period January to March 2000: Government-owned companies, Swedish Government Offices, 2000.

167

Sutton, R., The Policy Process: An overview. Overseas Development Institute, London, August 1999. Working Paper 118.

Tapio, M. "Review of Privatisation Policies in Finland" The Fourth Plenary Session of the OECD Privatisation Network. 1997a, OECD.

Tapio, M. "Proceeds are now the priority", Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997b: 136-9.

Tarantelli, P. and P Leahy, P. "Italy: Recommitment to ambitious targets" Privatisation International Yearbook 1995: 133-7.

Taylor, L. “The Revival of the Liberal Creed - the IMF and the World Bank in a Globalised Economy”, World Development, 1997, 25(2), pp. 145-52.

Taylor, P. Global Communications, International Affairs and the Media since 1945. London: Routledge, 1997.

Thomson, L. R. The Canadian Railway Problem. Toronto: Macmillan, 1938.

Thullier, J. P. Les charbonnages et le plan 1946-1958. In ed. H. Rousso, De Monnet á Massé : Enjeux politiques et objectifs économiques dans le cadre des quatre premiers plans (1946-1965). Paris.1987

Tinbergen, J. Economic Policy: Principle and Design, Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1967.

Toninelli, P. A. “The Rise and Fall of Public Enterprises: The Framework”. In P. A. Toninelli, ed. The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprises in the Western World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Tracey, M., The Rise and Fall of Public Service Broadcasting, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2000.

Transparency International Annual Report 2000, Berlin.

Trebat, T. J. Brazil’s State-Owned Enterprises: A case study of the state as entrepreneur. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Trotman, R. "Experience with utility regulation in Great Britain", (ed) A. Bennett How does privatization work? Routledge: London & New York, 1997.

Tupper, A. and Doern, B. eds. Public Corporations and Public Policy in Canada. Montreal: Institute for Research in Public Policy. 1981.

Ugaz, C. “A Public Goods approach to regulation of utilities”. Discussion Paper no 2001/9,Helsinki, UNU/WIDER, 2001.

168

UMIST, Technology and Corporate Strategy: A Learn Package for a Technology Strategy Project for the ESCR Innovative Training Iniciative. Developed by Rod Coombs, Ken Green and Albert Richards, Manchester School of Management, UMIST with Jeff Butler and Alan Pearson, Manchester Business School (2000).

van Lancker, L. and de Vecchi, L. "Italy: Privatisation on a path of no return", Privatisation International Yearbook. 1994: 136-9.

Van der Linde, R. “Netherlands: a modest year” Privatisation International Yearbook 2001: 109-10.

Van der Linde, R. “The Netherlands. Policy of Market Development”, Privatisation International Yearbook 2000: 117-8

Van der Linde, R. "Netherlands: Utilising existing knowledge" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1999: 98-100.

Varley, C. and G. Lammers 'Regulatory Reform in the Electricity Sector', OECD Report on Regulatory Reform: Vol 1 - Sectoral Studies, Chapter 4, pp. 157-232. Parism 1997.

Vernon, R. The promise of privatization. Washington: Council for foreign relations, 1988.

Vernon, R. Big Business and the State: Changing Relation in Western Europe. London: Macmillan.1974.

Vernon, R. and Aharoni, Y., State-Owned Enterprises in Western Economies, London: Croom Helm, 1981.

Vickers, J. and V. Wright The Politics of Privatization in Western Europe, London, Frank Cass, 1989a.

Vickers, J. and V. Wright, “The politics of industrial privatization in Western Europe: An overview”. In eds. Vickers, J. and V. Wright, The Politics of Privatization in Western Europe, London: Frank Cass, 1989b.

Vickers, J and V. Wright, "The Politics of Privatization in Western Europe" West European Politics, 1988, 11(4).

Vickers, J and G. Yarrow, Privatization and the Natural Monopolies. London: Public Policy Centre, 1985.

Vickers, J and G. Yarrow, Privatisation: An Economic Analysis, Cambridge MA, MIT Press, 1988.

Vickers, J. and G. Yarrow, “Economic Perspectives on Privatization”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5, 1991: 111-32.

169

Vilão, C. G. "Portugal: Moment of truth" Privatisation International Yearbook.1995:147-9.

Vilar, E. R. Grupo de Trabalho Interministerial para Análise e Avaliaçao da Situaçao e das Perspectivas de Evoluçao do Sector Empresial do Estado. Libro Branco do Sector Empresarial do Estado. Lisbon, Ministerio das Finanças. 1998.

von Freyend, E. J., "Germany: Pursuing private enterprise" Privatisation International Yearbook 1995, 125-9.

von Hayek, F. The Road to Serfdom, Chicago, 1944.

von Mises, L. A Critique of Interventionism: Inquiries into the Economic Policy and Economic Ideology of the Present (1929), trans. Hans F. Sennholz. New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1977.

von Mises, L., Bureaucracy (1944) (New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1969a.

von Mises, L., Omnipotent Government: The Rise of the Total State and Total War (1944) New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1969b.

von Mises, L. The Selected Writings of Ludwig von Mises, ed. Richard M. Eberling. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 3 vols, 2000.

Votaw, D. The Six-Legged Dog: Mattei and ENI – A study in power. Berkeley, University of California Press. 1964.

Vousvounis, C. “Greece: in need of major restructuring”, Privatisation International Yearbook2001:100-2.

Wade, R., Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asia Industrialisation, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990.

Wade, R., “Industrial Policy in East Asia, Does it Lead or Follow Market?”. In G. Gereffi and D. Wyman eds. Manufacturing Miracles Princeton NJ: Princeton,1994.

Wade, R., “Selected Industrial Policies in East Asia: Is the East Asian Miracle right?”. In A. Fishlow et al, Miracle or Design, Washington DC Overseas Development Council: University Press, 1994.

Walras, L., Éléments d'économie politique pure; ou, Théorie de la richesse sociale. 4. 1900. ed. ed. Lausanne.

Walrus, L., Elements of pure economics; or, The theory of social wealth. Translated by William Jaffé. Homewood, Ill: Published for the American Economic Association and the Royal Economic Society by R.D. Irwin, 1965.

170

Warner, M. ed. International Encyclopedia of Business and Management. Routledge: London & New York. 1996.

Wengenroth, U. “The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprise in Germany”. In P.A Toninelli.ed. The Rise and Fall of Public Enterprises in the Western World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000

Willner, J. "Privatisation in Finland, Sweden and Denmark: Fashion or necessity?" (ed) D. Parker, Privatisation in the European Union: Theory and Policy Perspectives. Routledge, London & New York, 1998.

Winter Nielsen, H. and D. Kjerulf, "Denmark: Pragmatism is the Policy", Privatisation International Yearbook. 1997: 132-5.

Woll, A. "Diskrepanz zwischen Worten und Taten in der deutschen Wirtschaftspolitik", Neue Zurcher Zeitung, 23-4, 8 (Fernausgabe), 1987:11-12.

Woodward, N. "Does privatization privatize the public problems?", (ed) A. Bennett How does privatization work? Routledge: London & New York, 1997.

Worcester, R. M. Public Opinion and Privatisation: Lesson from the British Experience. MORI research papers: London, 1993.

World Bank, Global Development Finance: Analysis and Summary Tables, Washington, 1999.

World Bank, World Development Report: The state in changing world, New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

World Bank, Report on World Development. From planned economies to the market. Oxford University Press, 1996.

World Bank, Bureaucrats in business: The economics and politics of government ownership.A World Bank Policy Research Report, New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

World Bank, The East Asian Miracle, New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Wrigel, N. "Italy: Building on achievements", Privatisation International Yearbook.1996:157-60.

Wright, M. and S. Thompson, 'Divestiture of public assets'. In P. Jackson and C. Price, Privatization and Regulation: A review of the issues. Longman, 1994.

Yarrow, G., "A theory of privatization, or why bureaucrats are still in business" World Development. 1999, vol. 27 (1) 157-68.

171

Yarrow, G. "Privatization, Restructuring, and Regulatory Reform in Electricity Supply" eds. M. Bishop et al., Privatization and Economic Performance. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1994.

Yarrow, G. “Privatization in theory and practice”. In Economic Policy: A European Forum,vol. 32 1986: 323-377.

Yarrow, G. and Jasínki, P. "Privatization: An overview of the issues". In eds. P. Jasínki and G. Yarrow, Privatization: Critical perspectives on the world economy. London and New York: Routledge. 1996.

Yarrow, G. and Jasínki, P. Privatization: Critical perspectives on the world economy. Vols 1 to 4.London and New York: Routledge. 1996.

Yergin, D. and J. Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights: The Battle Between Government and the Marketplace that is Remaking the Modern World, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.Yoshitake, K, An introduction to public enterprise in Japan. Beverley Hills/London: Sage, 1973.

Young, D. and S. Metcalfe, ‘Competition Policy’ in The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis. Ed. M. J. Artis and N. Lee. Oxford University Press 1995.

Young, P. "Privatisation around the world". In ed. S. Hanke, Prospects for privatization, The Academy of Political Science: New York, 1987.

Zinsou, L. Le fer de lance: Essai sur les nationalisations industrielles. Paris, 1985.

Zoeteweij, P. and S. Dijkstra, "Netherlands: Quiet after the storm" Privatisation International Yearbook. 1995: 144-6.

Adenhauer 48, 55

air transportation 65, 75, 83, 113, 118-119, 131-132

Argentina 84

Asia 26, 34, 46, 85, 100

audiovisual sector 9, 16, 19, 24, 30-31, 51, 121-2

Austria 14, 18, 66-7

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) 30-31

Belgium 24, 27, 42, 58, 59-61

Beveridge Report 16

CEEP 9, 40, 105, 130, 131, 132, 133

Central Europe 84, 85, 89

Chile 48, 84

Citizenship 7, 9, 30, 83, 125, 128-34

communications 5, 15,, 19, 33, 52,61, 114-6, 119-20

competition 10-3, 22, 24-8, 31, 37, 48, 50-1, 62-4

corporatisation 57, 60, 85, 93

crony capitalism 46, 52, 54, 65, 67,89

debt crises 48, 84, 94

Denmark 46, 58, 60-1, 71, 86, 93, 97, 98, 120

Deregulation 17, 28, 45, 56, 61-4, 69, 73,112,125, 134

Discourse 6, 7-10

EEC 45, 47, 67, 73, 104-9, 123, 125, 128

efficiency 6, 10, 17, 24, 34, 48, 54, 63, 75, 87, 99, 131

Electricity 122-4

ENI (Italy) 31, 32, 53, 93

European Union

internal market 48, 129, 131

Finland 63-4

France 51-2

Gas sector 24, 29, 30, 31, 34, 50, 67, 75, 104, 122-4

Germany 55-6

Greece 57-9

ideology 6, 10, 29-32

individuals

role of 27-32

Ireland 64-66

Italy 52-4

Latin America 84, 87, 100

liberalisation 65, 69, 129

Luxemburg 106

Maastricht Treaty 9, 128

Manufacturing sector 114-5

market failure 8, 11, 22, 23-5

Mexico 33, 84

Monnet, Jean 16

Monopolies 17-8

Index

nationalisation 25-30, 33-5

nationalism 7, 15, 34

Netherlands 57-8

New Zealand 7

oil 16, 19

ownership

foreign 33-6

Parker, David 36, 90,

popular capitalism 62, 67, 69, 72, 75, 113

Portugal 70-2

private enterprises 9-12

private initiative

lack of 22-3

privatisation

effort 96, 98

literature on 90-1

public enterprises

criticism of 5-7

public banks 20-1, 53, 66

public finance and defence 18-19

public ownership

by default 35-6

railways 25-6

Services of General Interest 56, 58, 115, 122, 125

Services of General Economic Interest 115, 122,

125

Social policy 128-9

Spain 72-4

INI 73, 74

state

involvement in the economy 8

involvement in international institutions 8

Sweden 61-2

technological change 27-8

telecommunications 117-122

Thatcher, Margaret 33, 49-50

Transport 117-122

Treaty of Amsterdam 104, 128, 132

Treaty of Rome 21, 48, 120

United Kingdom 49-51

Washington Consensus 8, 84, 87,

Water 56, 122-4

Welfare state 86, 106

Yarrow, George 6, 13, 89, 103

173