Reference Writing

Dr. Ajinkya RodgeJR1Dept Of PharmacologyTNMC MumbaiReference Writing

A Reference is the detailed bibliographic description of the item from which you gained your informationThis means the details of the items used, e.g. author, title, date of publication etc.References are briefly cited within the text, and then given in full at the end of the work in a Reference listAny other items read for background information but not referred to in the text given in full at the end of work in a BibliographyReference1

(1)- de mont fort harvard2

Enable the reader to locate the sources used

Help support the arguments and provide credibility to the work

To enable readers more fully understand the cited authors work.

Acknowledge the source of an argument or idea to avoid plagiarismUse Of References1

(1)- de mont fort harvard

3

Documentary note styles

Parenthetical styles or Author-date styles

Numbered stylesReferencing Styles2

1- http://awelu.srv.lu.se/sources-and-referencing/quick-guides-to-reference-styles/documentary-note-style/

4

References are provided in footnotes or endnotes.

In text- cited by a numeral in superscript.

This numeral is placed after the concluding punctuation, unless it refers only to part of the sentence (in that case, it is placed after the relevant word or part of sentence).

The complete reference is mentioned as a footnote or endnote.Documentary note styles2

1- http://awelu.srv.lu.se/sources-and-referencing/quick-guides-to-reference-styles/documentary-note-style/5

Style Manuals :

The Oxford Style ManualThe Chicago Manual of StyleThe MHRA Style Guide (Modern Humanities Research Association)Documentary note styles2

1- http://awelu.srv.lu.se/sources-and-referencing/quick-guides-to-reference-styles/documentary-note-style/

6

In-text references are given within parentheses before the full stop of the sentence containing the reference.

The authors name and the date of publication of the document referred written in the parenthesis.1

References are listed in alphabetical order by the authors last name.1

In order to find the reference details, the authors name in the reference list is looked up.1

Parenthetical styles/Author-date styles2

1- http://awelu.srv.lu.se/sources-and-referencing/quick-guides-to-reference-styles/documentary-note-style/2- de montford university3- de montford university7

HarvardAPA(American Psychological Association)MLA(Modern Language Association)Parenthetical styles/Author-date styles2

In-text citations with Arabic numbers within round3 brackets or in superscript.

References are numbered in the order in which they first appear in the text.

The references are listed in a numbered reference list after the text.Numbered styles2

2- https://ilrb.cf.ac.uk/citingreferences/tutorial/theexamples.html9

VancouverIEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)Numbered styles2

BooksArticles in journalsWebsitesNewspaper ArticlesReportsTables/images/appendicesVideo recordingsPersonal communications like letters, email etcSources4

Vancouver Referencing StyleHarvard Referencing StyleOxford Referencing StyleReferences using-

Oxford -http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/c.php?g=325241&p=217743012

VancouverStandard Format for Books: Author Surname Initials. Title: subtitle. Edition (if not the first). Place of publication: Publisher; Year.4

Goodman L, Gilman A. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011.Books

Vancouver

Chapter in an edited book: Author Surname Initials. Chapter Title. In: Editor(s), editor/s. Book Title. Edition (if not the first). Place of publication: Publisher; Year.4

Gonzalez FJ, Coughtrie M, Tukey RH. Drug metabolism. In: Brunton L, Chabner B, Knollman B, editors. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011

Books

Vancouver

Chapter in a book: Author Surname Initials. Title: subtitle. Edition (if not the first). Place of publication: Publisher; Year. Chapter number, Chapter name; p. start page-end page.4

Goodman L, Gilman A. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011. Chapter 6, Drug metabolism; p. 141-162.

Books

Harvard

Standard format for books: AUTHOR(S). (Year) Title. Edition if not the 1st. Place of publication: Publisher.1

GOODMAN, L.and GILMAN, A.(2011) The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Books

Harvard

Chapter in a book: AUTHOR(S). (Year) Title of chapter. In: AUTHOR(S)/EDITOR(S), (eds.). Book title. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher, Pages. (use p. or pp.)1

GONZALEZ, F. et al. (2011) Drug metabolism. In: BRUNTON, L. et al. (eds.) The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, p.141-162.

Books

Oxford

Standard format: Author(s).,Title:Subtitle,Place of publication, Publisher, Year.5

Goodman, L. and A. Gilman, The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, New York, McGraw-Hill,2011.Books

Oxford

Chapter in a book: Author(s), Chapter Title', inEditor(s)(ed.), Book title,Place of publication, Publisher, Year, pp. from-to.5

Gonzalez, F. and M. Coughtrie, R. Tukey, Drug metabolism,in : L. Brunton, B. Chabner, B. Knollman(eds.), The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, New York, McGraw-Hill, pp. 141-162

Books

Vancouver

Journal article in print: Author Surname Initials. Title of article. Title of journal, abbreviated. Date of Publication; Volume Number(Issue Number): Page Numbers.4

Jeong YH, Ahn JH, SmithSC. Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial. N Engl J MED. 2016 Sep 22; 375(12):190-194.Articles

Vancouver

Journal article from website with doi:

Author Surname Initials. Title of article. Title of journal, abbreviated. Date of Publication; Volume Number(Issue Number): Page Numbers.doi.4

Jeong YH, Ahn JH, SmithSC. Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial. N Engl J MED. 2016 Sep 22; 375(12):190-194. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1608916#SA3.

Articles

Vancouver

Journal article from website without doi:

Author Surname Initials. Title of article. Title of journal, abbreviated[Internet]. Date of Publication[Cited on]; Volume Number(Issue Number): Page Numbers. Available from: URL4Jeong YH, Ahn JH, SmithSC. Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial. N Engl J MED[Internet]. 2016 Sep 22[Cited 2016 sep 27]; 375(12):190-194. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27653575Articles

Harvard

Journal article in print: AUTHOR(S) (Year) Title of article. Title of journal, Vol. no. (Issue), Pages, use p. or pp.1

JEONG, Y. et al.(2016) Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(12), pp. 190-194

Articles

Harvard

Journal article from website: AUTHOR(s). (Year). Article Title. Title of journal, Volume(Issue), pages. Available at: URL6

JEONG, Y. et al.(2016) Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(12), pp. 190-194. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27653575

Articles

University of western australia24

Oxford

Journal article in print: Author(s), Title of article',Journal title,vol._, no. _ , Year, p. _.5

Jeong, Y. et al. Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial, New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 375, no. 12, 2016, p. 190-194.

Articles

Oxford

Journal article from website: Author(s), Title of article',Journal title,vol._, no. _ , Year, p. _. Available from URL, (accessed date)5

Jeong, Y. et al. Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in the HOPE-3 Trial, New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 375, no. 12, 2016, p. 190-194. Available from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27653575 (accessed 27 September 2016)Articles

Vancouver

Author Surname Initials (if available). Title of Website [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; Date of First Publication [Date of last update; cited date]. Available from: URL4

Place of Publication, the Publisher and the Original Publication Date as part of the citation- if not given, use: [place unknown], [publisher unknown] or [date unknown].4Websites

ContdNCBI - National Institutes of Health[Internet]. Bethesda MD: National Centre for Biotechnology Information; [Date unknown][cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

Websites

Harvard

AUTHOR(S)/Website name(Year) Title of document [Online] Organisation responsible (optional). Available from: URL [Accessed date].1

NCBI - National Institutes of Health(n.d.) PubMed[Online] National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ [accessed 27/09/2016]

Websites

Oxford

Author, 'Title of Document',Name of Website,Placeof Publication, Name of Publisher,year, page number, http://url, (accessed day month year).5

Victoria University, Oxford Referencing: Internet/Websites, Victoria University, Melbourne Australia, 2015, http://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/oxford-referencing/internet-websitesWebsites

De Montfort University[Internet]. Leicester: De Montfort University; 2013 sep[cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: www.library.dmu.ac.ukAcademic Writing in English[Internet]. Lund Sweden: Lund University; 2014 Apr 14[cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: http://awelu.srv.lu.se/sources-and-referencing/quick-guides-to-reference-styles/documentary-note-style/ Information Literacy Resource Bank[Internet]. Cardiff UK: Cardiff University; [date unknown][cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: https://ilrb.cf.ac.uk/citingreferences/tutorial/theexamples.htmlVancouver Citation Style[Internet]. Vancouver Canada.: Vancouver Community College; [updated 2009 jul 02][cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: http://library.vcc.ca/Oxford Referencing Style[Internet] University of Western Australia[Internet]. Perth Australia; [updated 2016][cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/OxfordHarvard Citation Style. University of Western Australia[Internet]. Perth Australia; [updated 2016][cited 2016 sep 27]. Available from: http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/harvard

References