recent activities of climate change programme of the who james creswick, technical officer who...
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Recent activities of climate change programme of the WHO
James Creswick, Technical Officer
WHO Regional Office for EuropeEuropean Centre for Environment and Health
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Green Health Services (CGS) - 8PM, Bettina Menne
Environment and Health Intelligence and Forecasting (EHI) - 9PM, Marco Martuzzi
Environmental Exposures and Risks (EER) - 8PM, Elizabet Paunovic
Management of Natural Resources - Water and Sanitation (WSN) - 6PM, Roger Aertgeerts
European Centre for Environment and Health, Bonn (BON) - 4Head, Michal KrzyzanowskiOffice Admin/Finance, Candida Sansone
Coordination, Environment and Health (CEH)
Coordinator, Srdan MaticProgramme Assistant, Marina Hansen
European Environment and Health Governance, & Multisectoral Partnerships (EHG)
Senior Adviser, Francesca RacioppiTechnical Officer Transport and Health, Project Officer EHG, (Julia Solovieva, a.i.)Programme Assistant,
Food Safety (FOS)
P5, PM, Hilde KruseP3, Technical Officer FOSG5, Programme Assistant
16 Country staff in: Albania, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
Consolidation of EH programmes in Bonn
Protecting health in an environment challenged by climate change: European Regional Framework for Action
Climate change, green health services and sustainable development (CGS): http://www.euro.who.int/climatechange
European Regional Framework for Action: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/95882/Parma_EH_Conf_edoc06rev1.pdf
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
European Region: 5th Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health: Commitment to Act
• integrate health issues in all climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, policies and strategies at all levels and in all sectors;
• strengthen health, social welfare and environmental systems and services;
• develop and strengthen early warning surveillance and preparedness systems for extreme weather events and disease outbreaks;
• develop and implement educational and public awareness programs on climate change and health;
• collaborate to increase the health sector’s contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and strengthen its leadership on energy- and resource-efficient management and stimulate other sectors, such as the food sector, to do the same;
• encourage research and development
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
CEHAPIS Project
• “Climate, Environment and Health Action Plan and Information System” co-funded project by WHO/Europe and DG SANCO.
• Aim to provide an evaluation of policy options for a successful health adaptation to climate change and monitor trends.
• Coherent with objectives outlined in the European Framework for Action
• 6 work packages, finalized, and submitted to the European Commission.
• New policy document in development based on results
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Linkages between CEHAPIS Work Packages
Work Package 3Definition of objectives &
development of publichealth strategies
Work Package 4Analysis of the impacts &
effectiveness of policyoptions and actions
Work Package 5Policy monitoring
& assessment
Work Package 2Analysis of theconsequences
of climate change
Work Package 6Communication
& advocacy
Work Package 1 – Management and coordination
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Prioritization
• Public heath importance: To what degree does the indicator measure a direct public health impact, severity and/or potential future public health risk?
• Data availability and ease of implementation: To what extent is the data already available and/or accessible? Is additional data processing necessary? How feasible is implementation?
• Respondability: To what degree are health services able/capable to respond to the issue measured by the indicator? How strongly can the indicator influence public health policy?
• Relevance to climate change: To what extent does the indicator measure the (direct) effect/impact of climate change on health? Would the indicator have an influence on climate change policy?
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Indicators
Children’s health-related indicatorsIndicators related to health effects of climate
change Indicators of exposure
i. Exposure to ground level ozone; ii. Exposure to noise and its health
effects; iii. Access to public green/open spaces in
cities. Indicators of policy actions i. Policy to prevent injuries in children; ii. Policy to improve hygiene in schools and
kindergartens; iii. Policy to improve air quality in schools; iv. Policy to prevent smoking in schools;v. Policy to prevent asbestos-related diseases.
Indicators of exposure and health effects i. Exposure to heat waves and mortality due to
heat waves in cities (needs further development; access to daily mortality data is required);
ii. Population exposure to actual flooding; iii. Population vulnerability to flooding; iv. Lyme borelliosis incidence; v. Exposure to allergenic pollen (recommended
for further development and evaluation). Indicators of policy actions
vi. Actions to prevent heat-related health effects; vii. Policy to secure water supplies;viii. Policy to prevent infectious diseases.
• 12 refined indicators were initially proposed, conjointly with• 18 environment-related indicators of children’s health• Following indicators proposed to the member states of the EHTF
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Scope of the Project
To increase health system resilience to climate changeThe specific objectives of the project were to • develop national (or sub-national) environment and health adaptation
plans or integrating health into existing plans; • to strengthen health systems and build institutional capacity on climate
change in relation to:– extreme weather events preparedness and response– infectious disease surveillance and response– respiratory diseases early detection and response– water, food safety and malnutrition;– to transfer technology and foster innovation in energy efficiency and the use of
renewable energy for health services;
• to provide intelligence and facilitate the exchange of knowledge and experiences on effective adaptation and mitigation measures.
Specific priorities in the 7 European countries
Uzbekistan
Dust storm early warning system
Respiratory diseases
Nutrition under a changing climate
Tajikistan
Water related diseases
Water for health care
Injuries and mortality from extreme events
Kyrgyzstan
Energy security in district hospitals – installation of solar panels
KazakhstanInfectious diseasesInjuries and mortality from extreme events Early warning systems
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:Heat wave plan
Communicable diseases
Energy efficiency
Albania:
Air quality monitoring
Improve surveillance (IHR)
Health system capacity
Russian North:
Health system strengthening in remote areas
Uzbekistan
Dust storm early warning system
Respiratory diseases
Nutrition under a changing climate
Tajikistan
Water related diseases
Water for health care
Injuries and mortality from extreme events
Kyrgyzstan
Energy security in district hospitals – installation of solar panels
KazakhstanInfectious diseasesInjuries and mortality from extreme events Early warning systems
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:Heat wave plan
Communicable diseases
Energy efficiency
Albania:
Air quality monitoring
Improve surveillance (IHR)
Health system capacity
Russian North:
Health system strengthening in remote areas
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Climate change exposure Multi-sector impacts(affecting health determinants)
Local climates(temperature, precipitation, etc.)
Extreme weather events(heat-waves, storms, etc.)
Air(temperature effects on pollution)
Water(e.g. floods, sea-level rise, droughts)
Socioeconomic changes
Infrastructure damage and homelessness
Food safety and security
Water safety and security
Air quality
Migration
Injuries
Communicable diseases
Respiratory diseases
Cardiovascular diseases
Mental health
Malnutrition
Mitigation
Secondaryprevention
Tertiary prevention
Adaptation
Health impacts(direct & indirect)
Primary preventionwith health co-benefits
Climate change exposure Multi-sector impacts(affecting health determinants)
Local climates(temperature, precipitation, etc.)
Extreme weather events(heat-waves, storms, etc.)
Air(temperature effects on pollution)
Water(e.g. floods, sea-level rise, droughts)
Socioeconomic changes
Infrastructure damage and homelessness
Food safety and security
Water safety and security
Air quality
Migration
Injuries
Communicable diseases
Respiratory diseases
Cardiovascular diseases
Mental health
Malnutrition
Mitigation
Secondaryprevention
Tertiary prevention
Adaptation
Health impacts(direct & indirect)
Primary preventionwith health co-benefits
Vulnerability, impact and adaptive capacity assessments
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
WHO Guidance on Climate Vulnerability & Adaptation Assessment
• Raise awareness of linkages
• Understand causality in local context
• Build evidence of nature, magnitude and distribution of the risks
• Identify gaps in understanding
• Help prioritize problems and actions
• http://www.who.int/globalchange/resources/adaptationresources/en/index.html
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
V&A Guidance Development Process 2010-2011
1. The document is based on 2003 guidance produced by WHO-EURO.
2. The draft was pilot-tested in 12 countries, across Asia, Latin America, Europe, Canada
3. Consultation workshop with representatives of 16 countries & experts brought together to share experience, critique and improve the document
4. Revisions aimed for a simple and more applied guidance, rather than academic study.
5. New documents in press.
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
NEW Guidance for Health Decision-makers
Web based version includes more case studies & resource links
Print version includes 20 case study examples
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Effectiveness. The extent to which options can be expected to achieve the objectives of the proposal.
Efficiency: The extent to which objectives can be achieved for a given level of resources/at least cost (cost-effectiveness)
Consistency. The extent to which options are likely to limit trade-offs across the economic, social, and environmental domain.
Climate change resilience: level of robustness under a changing climate
Screening adaptation options
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Strategy developmentIntegrate policy and establish governance
1. Strengthen mainstream public health and health services
2. Build capacity and develop the workforce
Adapt health system to climate change
3. Enhance surveillance
4. Improve monitoring
5. Develop early-warning systems
6. Strengthen health sector engagement in emergency planning
7. Create green health services and ensure resilience
Identify benefits of adaptation
8. Communicate and raise awareness
9. Develop a cross-sector approach
Strengthen climate change and health intelligence
10. Maximize environmental sustainability and health co-benefits
11. Establish governance and sustainable resources
12. Innovation, research and evaluation
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Communication activities• Internal communications: email alert, ShareFile• Dedicated pages on WHO/Europe climate change
website (and in partner BMU site)• Project folder and leaflets (presented at COP15
and at many other events after that one)• Posters and leaflets• Peer-reviewed articles• Young journalist involvement• Capacity building workshops and trainings• 2 Videos (presented in Parma 2010, and second at
climate change conference in Bonn 2011)• Published VAs and strategies/plans from the seven
countries involved in the project, as well as any other related publications and brochures
• Lessons learning between countries (e.g. KGZ carried out training in UZB)
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Public guidance documents
• Improving public health responses to extreme weather events:– Heat-waves (EuroHEAT published)– Flooding (in final editing)– Cold (in final editing)
• Other climate change-related health effects:– Forest fires (advisory published)– Infectious diseases
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Extreme Weather Events – heat-waves• EuroHEAT project co-funded by European
Commission focussed on:– Improving public health responses to heat-
waves;– Development of heat-health action plans,
their characteristics and core elements;– Probability warning every summer:
http://www.euroheat-project.org/dwd/ – Revised publication 2011:
http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/147265/Heat_information_sheet.pdf
• Development of guidance for other extreme weather events – flooding and cold-wave guidance.
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Forest fires public health advisory
• A public health information note for fires was developed during the Russian fires with information for public health authorities.
• http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/120090/190810_EN_Russia_wildfire_advisory.pdf
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Floods: public health measures
• Technical document, including– A scientific review of the health effects
of floods in Europe– A survey with 53 European MS on
response action– A review of the evidence on how to
protect population health• Public health advisory• What to do during floods
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Climate change and infectious diseases: a manual for health workers
• Climate change and communicable diseases. A manual for workers was developed by the Ministry of Health and the WHO office in the FYR of Macedonia. An extensive literature review including up to date evidence is in progress.
• http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/144172/e95095.pdf
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Health in the Green Economy
Health Co-Benefits of Climate Change Mitigation: policy briefings on:– Housing (published)– Health care facilities– Household energy sector in developing
countries– Transport sector (published)– http://www.who.int/hia/green_economy/en
/index.html
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Reducing GHG emissions in health care• Healthy hospitals, healthy planet, healthy people
(WHO)• Greening the health sector: pilot projects within the
seven-country initiative, e.g. FYR Macedonia.• In Europe the health sector produces a 4.2% of all
European GHG emissions (=287 MtCO2e); • 30% arise in countries outside of the European
Union. • Measures could save between 28 and 68 Mt of CO2e
emissions each year, equivalent to about 0.6% of European greenhouse gas emissions.
• http://www.who.int/globalchange/publications/climatefootprint_report.pdf
6th EIONET Workshop
Brussels, 22–23 May 2012
Thank You!
• James CreswickTechnical Officer, Climate Change and HealthWHO European Centre for Environment and [email protected]