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Critical Needs Assessment LIS 650 -‐ TEAM 9 Our team conducted a formal needs assessment for the Lebanon Road Elementary School Media Center, a part of the Charlotte Mecklenburg School District. We were able to determine the needs of this library’s internal and external customers.

2011

Craig Arthur, Susan Blomberg, Jennifer Shull, and Paulina Ryczaj -‐ Bauza

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 3 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 4 Methods ............................................................................................................................... 5 Results ................................................................................................................................. 9 Conclusion & Recommendations ..................................................................................... 22 Strengths and Weaknesses of Your Needs Assessment Experience ................................. 25 Appendices ........................................................................................................................ 27

Media Specialist Interview Questions (Appendix 1) .................................................... 27 Student Survey (Appendix 2) ........................................................................................ 27 Teacher Survey (Appendix 3) ....................................................................................... 30 Parent Survey (Appendix 4) .......................................................................................... 33

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Executive Summary

Team 9 conducted a formal needs assessment for the Lebanon Road Elementary

School media center. This needs assessment includes the teachers, students and their

parents. The media specialist was interviewed via email where she responded to seven

questions. The survey group of students included 188 students and 6 teachers and 3

parents. Responses were gathered from 188 students of the 600 visiting the media center

weekly as well as 6 teachers of the 25. Only 3 parents from 12 handed out surveys

responded to our questions. Overall, surveys and an interview show a high satisfaction

with the media, its usability and the library’s outcomes. Findings show that students love

the media center and want to use its resources. Teachers expect media to provide more

information on subjects connected with the courses. However, the combination of

responses show students, teachers, parents and staff recognize the need for the media

center to develop new technologies and follow current trends to offer students these

library resources that they need for their school development. Several comments suggest

that the media center should offer more current materials and computer stations as well as

programs that will show students how to use computers and seek information more

efficiently and effectively. The media center should be more appealing by adding new

decorations and modern accents. Finally, a higher level of communication between media

specialist and teachers needs to be continued to prepare materials, guides and instructions

for classrooms and integrated into school curriculum to achieve better results at the end.

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Introduction

The Lebanon Road Elementary School is a part of the Charlotte Mecklenburg

School district. It is located in the “urban fringe of a large city” as defined by the census

bureau. This pre-kindergarten through grade 5 elementary school has almost 900 students

on roll and is larger than average for the district and state. The school has four self-

contained classes for students with autism. Due to numbers, over one quarter of the

students are housed in prefabricated classrooms away from the main school building.

Thirty six percent of the student population is African American and 30% Hispanic. The

next largest group is White students at 23% and the remainder is made up of smaller

numbers of Native American, Asian and Multi-racial students. The main languages

spoken are English and Spanish and 24% of students are classed as having Limited

English Proficiency. The proportion of special education students is around 12%. The

proportion of students who are eligible for free or reduced price lunch is currently at

72%. The school’s attendance over the last three years is above the district average. There

are 7 kindergarten classes, 6 first grade, 6 second grade, 5 third grade, 6 fourth grade, and

6 fifth grade classrooms.

The media center has had three media specialist over the years. According to CMS

standards its collection is ranked as “minimum.” There is a full time assistant working in

the media center in order to have open checkout available to students all day long. Six

classes a day use the media center. There are also two tutors sharing the room and one

TD teacher (talent development) bringing small groups in to work with. After school this

space continues to be used for after school enrichment programs, staff meetings, and PTA

meetings.

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The current media specialist, Susan Blomberg, is new to the career but has over ten years of

teaching experience as well as six years of library experience. The main goal is to provide

students with the resources they need and to show children how fun reading can be.

Methods

The method was employed with controlled comparison. Structured survey

questionnaires and an interview were developed for the purpose of data collection, in

spring 2011. The population identified for the surveys is the population of elementary

school students as well as teachers and students’ parents. The subject group consisted of

188 students from 600, 6 teachers from 25 and 3 parents from 12 surveys handed out.

These are females and males. They range in ages from 5 till working adults and come

from the same city - Charlotte. The surveys were conducted at the Media Center at

Lebanon Elementary School in which students, teachers and parents were queried about

their reactions towards this particular Media Center’s resources. The questions in the

surveys focus on materials, services and experiences while frequently visiting the digital

library and its all resources to do research. To protect anonymity and receive honest

responses the surveys were anonymous.

The media specialist of Lebanon Elementary School was interviewed by email. She

was sent a list of seven questions (see Appendix 1) and responded to them via email. The

questions focus on the library’s current mission, librarian’s tasks and overall perceptions

towards Media Center’s usability to the students and teachers. The questions also identify

areas of strengths and weaknesses the Media Center faces these days as well as areas of

improvement or growth.

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The questions in the student survey (see Appendix 2) focus on materials, services

and resources that the Media Center offers within the school environment. The research

helped to measure media center’s users and their perceptions towards its collection and

examined the quality of provided services. The student survey was based on the twelve

questions from First Break All the Rules modified to reflect student satisfaction and

confidence in media rather than employees’ in the workplace. The questions were

conducted for Kindergarten as well as first, second, third, fourth and fifth graders,

however, only second through fifth grade respondents responded to all 12 questions total.

The first two groups (Kindergarten and first grade) responded to questions related to

usability of Media Center in process of learning.

The teacher survey (see Appendix 3) measures teachers’ perception towards the

usability of Media Center, its resources and collection as well as its role in preparing

programs and curricula for the classrooms. They were asked to evaluate statements based

on 10 questions, using a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 mean strongly disagree and 5 strongly

agree. The last two questions were open-ended questions where staff had an opportunity

to add their comments and overall perceptions of the Media Center. The results are listed

below in the next section.

The interview questions for parents (see Appendix 4) seek to assess their view of

how media center help their children in developing new skills and obtaining new

knowledge. The data was collecting by using a questionnaire that included 10 questions

in order to record how library Media Center performs its services and programs to

improve their children’ ability to develop an interest in reading books and lifelong

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learning. It also examined parents’ role in preparing children to read. What they choose

and what directions take to do it, has an impact on their kids.

*For the student surveys we modified the twelve questions from FBAR to reflect student

satisfaction rather than employees’ in a workplace. We had only 6 questions for the K-2

students.

1. Do I know what is expected of me when I come into the media center?

2. Can I always find books that I like at the media center?

3. Do I think that the work we do in the media center is important?

4. Do I use the public library with my family?

5. Does the media center help me to learn and grow?

6. Have I received praise from someone in the media center for doing good

work?

For the older students we added:

7. Do I have the materials and equipment I need to complete all activities?

8. Do my opinions seem to count?

9. Are my classmates committed to doing good work in the media center?

10. Do I have the opportunity to do something I am good at /interested in while at

the media center?

11. Is there anything you expected to learn in the media center that you didn’t?

12. Any other comments you would like to make or suggestions for future?

Any students who took the time to write comments, I asked for an interview so

that they could expand on what they wanted to say. I also had the opportunity to ask

follow up questions.

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The follow up questions we asked were related to their comments. One student said

he wished our library was more decorated. We asked him what he would like to see. He

wanted more artwork and more signs. We do have both but they are above eye-level for

most of the students. Another student commented that she could never find any books she

wanted. When asked if it was because we didn’t have books she enjoyed in the media

center or if it was because she didn’t know how to locate the books. She said she knew

we had scary stories since she had seen friends reading them but there was no scary story

section for her to find them quickly and easily. Another said we didn’t have enough

copies of Diary of a Wimpy Kid. She had been on hold for a copy since February and she

was still waiting. We already have 4-5 copies of each book in the popular series which is

more than any other book in the media center. We do have approximately 30 more

students waiting for these books with only 9 weeks left of school. Every time another

student asks for their name to be added to the waiting list I tell them that I will do it but

that I cannot guarantee that they will get it before school ends. I wonder if B&T leases

books to school libraries the way they do for public libraries. The school is hosting a

book fair this week. I am encouraging everyone who wants to read DWK to purchase a

copy of their own.

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Results The interview with media specialist

1. Describe your typical day in the Media Center and your daily duties.

My typical day starts at 6:30 when I arrive. I spend the first half hour of my day

turning on lights, computers, making sure all materials I will need for my classes are

in place, answering emails, monthly I change bulletin boards, and add to displays

where books have checked out.

7-7:30 is open checkout time as students arrive at school. My 5th grade

volunteers come in to help with check ins and check outs. If they all show up (I

should have 5 per day) then shelving also gets done. I assist with reader's advisory,

locating materials and just keeping things calm. I also need to check that each student

who comes in has their nametag and hall pass to show that they have gone to their

classroom first to check in with their teacher. 7:15-7:30 the morning announcements

are broadcast from the media center. There is always a lot of activity going on around

me. That took some getting used to in the beginning after spending several years in a

quiet branch library. 7:30 the bell rings and my first class arrives.

I teach 6 forty-five minute classes (k-5) each day. I have a 45-minute lunch and a

45 minute planning period as well. In a class I will spend 15 minutes reading to the

students, 15 minutes of them completing some type of activity and 15 minutes for

them to check out books. I don't always read to the older students. We have spent a

great deal of our time learning how to use the library independently and how to do

research.

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After school (bell rings at 1:40) I am lucky enough to have hallway duty rather

than the bus or car line. I monitor the students as they make their way out of the

building reminding them to walk and stay to the right. I am finished with this by

2:00. After that I have time to read shelves, straighten up, return any phone calls,

meet with teachers, MMIS tasks, set up for the next day, check student work, look for

lost items, work on my running wish list of books I'd like to add to the collection,

attend meetings, etc. In the beginning of the year I was staying until 3:30 but now I

seem to have a routine and can usually leave around 3:00. There is always something

to do. I have to make myself leave at 3:00.

2. What are the Media Center goals?

To help students develop a love of reading, to ensure all students have equitable

access to books and information, to help students succeed in school, to enhance and

expand the school curriculum.

3. What are some of the frequently occurring challenges you face?

- Classroom management issues especially with the 5th grade classes. They are the

largest (25 students per class) and this year we have been having frequent

bullying issues.

- Budget concerns (never enough money to get everything on the wish list).

- Not enough technology (only 8 working computers at this time).

- Finding time to get all tasks done.

4. How satisfied are you with the quality of Media Center services provided to students

and teachers and how they are promoted?

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I love that the media center is available to students and teachers all day long. I

don't love when my assistant will not check a book out to a student because it is the

wrong level. I have talked to her about allowing students to challenge themselves or

that they might be reading a book with their family. It's not just her. I have had

students come right back after the teacher has seen the book. They are told to get a

book on their AR level so that they can meet their AR goals. I guess that is just

something I have to get used to being in a school. I allow students to check out two

books at a time so that they can get one for their AR goal and one to read just for fun.

I also tell them that if it is not fun, if it turns out to be too challenging, to just bring it

back and choose another. It doesn't cost anyone anything. I also wish more teachers

took advantage of the media center and my help. I wish I could join each team as

they do their weekly planning but I have a class at the time that happens.

5. What do you see as the Media Center’s strengths and weaknesses?

Strengths:

- Open check out all day long

- Large picture book collection

- Easy to locate books by level

Weaknesses:

- Not enough technology

- Outdated reference collection

- Bulletin boards are above eye level

- Every class does not have a media time

- Nonfiction collection could be better

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6. What areas do you think need some improvement?

I have made improving the collection one of my main goals this year. I have

weeded for age and condition, as this hasn't been done in several years. I have added

a great deal of fiction as per the advice of my principal who felt that nonfiction is so

quickly outdated that it is better to get that information from computers.

7. What skills are needed to be a great school librarian?

- Knowledge of and love for children's literature

- Knowledge of school curriculum

- Time management

- Classroom management

- Good communication

- Love for children

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Student Survey

188 Students surveyed out of the 600 encountered each week

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Survey for Kindergarten & First Grade Students:

1. Do I know what is expected of me in the media center (behavior, procedures)?

2. Can I always find books that I like in the media center?

3. Do I enjoy the stories read to me in the media center?

4. Do I feel the work we do in the media center is important?

5. Do I use the public library with my family on a regular basis?

6. Does the media center help me to learn?

Kindergarten (36 Respondents) Question Yes No I Don’t Know #1 36 0 0 #2 34 2 0 #3 36 0 0 #4 36 0 0 #5 22 14 0 #6 36 0 0 First Grade (32 Respondents) Question Yes? No I Don’t Know #1 32 0 0 #2 32 0 0 #3 32 0 0 #4 32 0 0 #5 12 20 0 #6 32 0 0

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Survey for Second, Third, Fourth, & Fifth Grade Students:

1. Do I know what is expected of me in the media center (behavior, procedures)?

2. Can I always find books that I like in the media center?

3. Do I enjoy the stories read to me in the media center?

4. Do I feel the work we do in the media center is important?

5. Do I use the public library with my family on a regular basis?

6. Does the media center help me to learn?


8. Are my classmates committed to doing good work in the media center?

9. Does the media staff provide assistance when needed?

10. Do you feel comfortable asking for help?

11. Do I have the materials and equipment I need?

12. Any other comments you would like to make?

Second Grade (36 Respondents) Question Yes? No I Don’t Know #1 36 0 0 #2 30 6 0 #3 36 0 0 #4 28 2 6 #5 18 16 0 #6 34 0 2 #7 12 24 0 #8 32 4 0 #9 36 0 0 #10 36 0 0 #11 36 0 0 #12 Exemplar Comments:

“Maybe the Media Center should be more decorated.”

“I like Media.”

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“I love Library.”

“It is fun because we get to read.”

Third Grade (12 Respondents) Question Yes? No I Don’t Know #1 12 0 0 #2 12 0 0 #3 10 2 0 #4 6 2 4 #5 6 6 0 #6 6 6 2 #7 2 10 0 #8 8 4 0 #9 11 1 0 #10 12 0 0 #11 10 2 0 #12 Exemplar Comments:

N/A

Fourth Grade (44 Respondents) Question Yes? No I Don’t Know #1 44 0 0 #2 38 6 0 #3 35 9 0 #4 28 16 0 #5 20 24 0 #6 38 6 0 #7 22 22 0 #8 22 22 0 #9 39 5 0 #10 41 3 0 #11 26 18 0 #12 Exemplar Comments:

“I go to the library every three days, does that count as a regular basis?”

“We need more computers.”

“Can we read more funny books?”

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Fifth Grade (28 Respondents) Question Yes? No I Don’t Know #1 28 0 0 #2 22 6 0 #3 14 14 0 #4 19 7 2 #5 14 14 0 #6 19 9 0 #7 16 12 0 #8 8 18 2 #9 18 10 0 #10 25 3 0 #11 24 4 0 #12 Exemplar Comments:

“More computers.”

“More pencils with erasers.”

“Mrs. Blomberg is the one teacher that encourages me.”

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Teacher Survey

6, 24%

19, 76%

Teacher Survey Returns

Surveys Returned

Surveys Not Returned

Teacher Survey Results Question Respondent

#1 Respondent #2

Respondent #3

Respondent #4

Respondent #5

Respondent #6

#1 1 8 7 9 7 7 #2 1 8 7 9 10 8 #3 1 7 7 8 5 8 #4 1 10 10 9 10 8 #5 2 9 9 10 8 N/A #6 3 8 7 9 10 8 #7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A #8 1 10 10 10 6 8 #9 “More

books on nutrition and the human body”

“Updated materials, new books”

“Paint the walls”

“Current materials in the reference section, friendlier assistant”

“AR levels listed in the OPAC”

“Not sure”

#10 “Additional technology that can be used in Media and be checked out by teachers”

“Battle of the Books Club”

“Book Club” “Open Media Center to students and parents after school”

N/A N/A

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Grade Taught:

P.E. First Kindergarten Fifth Fifth No comment

Results of Teacher Surveys

Very Unsatisfied Very Satisfied

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Parents Survey

3, 25%

9, 75%

Parent Survey Returns

Surveys Returned

Surveys Not Returned

Interview Questions & Responses

1. Do you often visit a library (alone or with your child/children)?

Responses: Yes from all three. / Both alone and with children.

2. Have you ever used the Media Center at this school with your child?

Responses: 2 yes. / 1 no.

3. When you and your child need help in the Media Center, who helps?

Responses: The Media Center’s staff (either Assistant or Specialist). / 2 replied

the Media Specialist.

4. What is usually the purpose of the visit to the Media Center?

Responses: Check out books. / Use computers, working on projects. / Needing to

find books.

5. What is the section that you use most often, least often?

Responses: Use all areas when needed. / Fiction. / No comment.

6. What programs or services does the Media Center need to develop or extend?

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Responses: More books. / No comment. / Open after school for those without

internet access at home.

7. Do you assist your child when using the Internet in the Media Center?

Responses: At school no, but at the public library yes (you need to know what

your children are doing). / Yes. / No comment.

8. How much time does your child spend online every day?

Responses: 1 hour. / None (once a week at most). / 1 hour.

9. How do you encourage your child to read more?

Responses: Lead by example. / By reading together as a family. / By bringing

them to the library to choose books.

10. How important is reading to you and your child/children?

Responses: Extremely! I even read to him in the womb. / It's very important. You

can't do anything unless you can read in most cases. / You have to learn to read so

that you can read to learn.

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Conclusion & Recommendations

The results of the survey have shown that the majority of users are pleased with the

services the media center offers. It was noted that there was a pattern of very positive

feedback on all of the surveys with the exception of one survey that had very negative

results. We have also taken time to consider the source of the negative results and have

decided that these are not simply outliers. There were comments in the written section

that included that the media center could use more books on physiology and the human

body. It was also taken into account that one of the participating teachers was the

Physical Education teacher. Thus we could conclude that if the library did not contain

resources that would be essential to his subject it would not prove to be a valuable

resource for him. The library needs to take into consideration the needs of the teachers

whose classes are not centered on reading, writing and the other traditional subjects. Most

of the time the library would not be very useful to a PE teacher due to the nature of their

subject and the physical demands, but if the media center carried books that were relevant

to the subject then the PE teacher would be able to take advantage of the media center on

the days that are not compatible with outside activities. If the media center carried books

that are relevant to all of the non-traditional subjects the library would be able to expand

their reach of usability to more of the teachers at the school.

In addition, 72% of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunch which shows

that the students at the school do not have all the resources available to them that other

students may have. There is also a high population of students who have limited English

speaking abilities, 24%, and other than English Spanish is the second most common

language spoken among the students. Because the mission of the library is to show

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students that reading can be fun the library could order some of the more popular titles in

Spanish and English so some of the students who know little English could also enjoy

reading in their native language so the skill and love of reading could be transferred to

English when the student is prepared.

In the surveys there were also specific comments from students for improvements

that they would like to see in the library. For example one student wanted to see more art

and signs in the library. There are pictures and signs in the library but it was noted that

these hang above eye level for the average student. The simple answer to this problem

would be to hang pictures lower but it would also be special to the students if the pictures

that were hung were done by their fellow students. It would give students a feeling of

pride and ownership in the media center. Another student said that they know the library

has the books they want to read, they just can’t find them. It would be hard to place books

by specific subjects because often times books can fall into more than one category. One

solution for this problem would be to make lists of different types of books and make

those available to students. For example you could make a list of all the books that are

spooky stories even though some of those books could be on the list of books about

brothers and sisters. If they were on both lists the students would be able to more easily

find what they are looking for because they would have the list of books and the call

numbers for where they could be located. Another big problem noted by users of the

library was that they are unable to get copies of the most popular titles. Some students

may not get the opportunity to read the books they want to read before the school year is

out because there are not enough copies to go around and the waiting list is so long. It

was suggested before that the media center could contact Baker & Taylor books about

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leasing more copies. We could also talk to other schools in the system who are able to

buy more copies to see if we could borrow some of theirs once their students have read

them. Another option would be to shorten the checkout times for the more popular

materials. This way more of the students could read the materials in a shorter amount of

time.

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Strengths and Weaknesses of Your Needs Assessment Experience Our weaknesses and obstacles were mainly due to distance and time constraints.

We all have very different schedules so much of our communication was through emails.

Although regular face-to-face meetings would have been ideal, our group was able to

maintain frequent contact and keep each other abreast of the progress we were making

despite the nearly one hundred mile distance separating members of the group. Another

weakness inherent to this assessment was the short semester-based timeframe in which it

was conducted. Undoubtedly, if we had more time to engage users in the process, we

would have received more feedback and could have added additional layers to our

analysis. Despite these limitations, our group feels confident that this assessment is

extremely valuable and should be considered as the library seeks to better serve both its

internal and external customers.

One of our strengths was the fact that one of our own is the media specialist for the

library we were assessing. That gave us ample access to the customers, the collection

and, most importantly, plenty of time to reconvene (numerous times) for follow up

questions as our group bounced ideas off of each other and came up with new ideas. The

intimate knowledge of the library, its customers, and its day-to-day as well as long-term

operations simply would not be so readily available if we did not have someone “on the

inside.” The group did an excellent job of not allowing this personal connection to cloud

our judgment, however. We each attempted to provide honest and objective feedback and

also hypothesize fairly why certain user-provided data deviated from the norm. The

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combined varied talents and experiences of our group assuredly benefited this project

greatly as well.

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Appendices Media Specialist Interview Questions (Appendix 1)

1. Describe your typical day in the Media Center and your daily duties

2. What are the Media Center goals?

3. What are some of the frequently occurring challenges you face?

4. How satisfied are you with the quality of Media Center services provided to students

and teachers and how they are promoted?

5. What do you see as the Media Center’s strengths and weaknesses?

6. What areas do you think need some improvement?

7. What skills are needed to be a great school librarian?

Student Survey (Appendix 2)

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1. Do I know what is expected of me when I come into the Media Center?

__________________________________________________________________

2. Can I always find books that I like at the Media Center?

__________________________________________________________________

3. Do I think that the work we do in the Media Center is important?

__________________________________________________________________

4. Do I use the public library with my family?

__________________________________________________________________

5. Does the Media Center help me to learn and grow?

__________________________________________________________________

6. Have I received praise from someone in the Media Center for doing good work?

__________________________________________________________________

7. Do I have the materials and equipment I need to complete all activities?

__________________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________________

9. Are my classmates committed to doing good work in the Media Center?

__________________________________________________________________

10. Do I have the opportunity to do something I am good at / interested in while at the

Media Center?

__________________________________________________________________

11. Is there anything you expected to learn in the Media Center that you didn’t?

__________________________________________________________________

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12. Any other comments you would like to make or suggestions?

__________________________________________________________________

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Teacher Survey (Appendix 3) The survey is used to ask teachers to respond to 10 questions using a rating scale from 1

to 10. Strongly disagree=1 and strongly agree=10.

1. Media center fulfill my preferences and needs as a teacher.

Strongly disagree Neutral Strongly Agree

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

2. I use the resources in the library to support my instruction.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

3. The media center has current curriculum/materials.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

4. When I need help, I always get support from nice and informative assistance


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

5. Media center resources are easy to locate and access.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

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6. I consult with media center faculty when planning my lessons.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

7. Usability of media center:

I bring my classes in for special events.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

I bring my classes in for research.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

I refer students to the library to complete their projects.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

I refer students to the media center if they need to read a book with Advisory


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

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8. Media Center is an inviting and appealing place


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N/A

9. What is the section that needs that most improvement?

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

10. What new programs or services the media center should offer to improve its

image?

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

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Parent Survey (Appendix 4)

1. Do you often visit a library (alone or with your child, children)?

2. Have you ever used the media center with your child/children at this school? __________________________________________________________________

3. When you or your child/children need help in media center, who helps?

__________________________________________________________________

4. What is usually the purpose to use the media center by you and your child/children?

__________________________________________________________________

5. What is the section that you use most often, least often? __________________________________________________________________

6. What programs or services the media center needs to develop or extend? __________________________________________________________________

7. Do you assist your child when using the Internet in the media center? __________________________________________________________________

8. How much time your child/children spend online every day? __________________________________________________________________

9. How do you encourage your child/children to read more? __________________________________________________________________

10. How important is reading to you and to your child/children? __________________________________________________________________

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