rainbio présentation atbc16
TRANSCRIPT
African forests phytogeography, (phylo)diversity and extinction risks:
Insights from a mega database on the distribution of tropical African vascular plants
Gilles Dauby
Thomas Couvreur & RAINBIO consortium
African forests phytogeography, (phylo)diversity and extinction risks:
Insights from a mega database on the distribution of tropical African vascular plants
tropics
Gilles Dauby
Thomas Couvreur & RAINBIO consortium
African forests phytogeography, (phylo)diversity and extinction risks:
Insights from a mega database on the distribution of tropical African vascular plants
tropics
Gilles Dauby
Thomas Couvreur & RAINBIO consortium
Gilles Dauby
Thomas Couvreur & RAINBIO consortium
African forests phytogeography, (phylo)diversity and extinction risks:
Insights from a mega database on the distribution of tropical African vascular plants
tropics
Biodiversity synthesis centre
RAINBIO project
African RAIN forest community dynamics: implications for tropical BIOdiversity
conservation and climate change mitigation
AIM 1: up-to-date comprehensive plant occurrences DATABASE
A near-comprehensive standardized database
Records density
> 580,000 georeferenced records
> 24,000 species
RAINBIO database
The largest ever in its kind for Tropical Africa
RAINBIO database
Proportion of herb species
20 %
80 %
‘Basic’ statistics important for biodiversity management and conservation
Species richness
Objectives
1. Document phytogeographical regions Characterize their floristic/phylogenetic affinities & diversity Understand their origins
Objectives
1. Document phytogeographical regions Characterize their floristic/phylogenetic affinities & diversity Understand their origins
2. Evaluate conservation status, regions with high concentration of potentially threatened species
Objectives
1. Document phytogeographical regions Characterize their floristic/phylogenetic affinities & diversity Understand their origins
2. Evaluate conservation status, regions with high concentration of potentially threatened species
3. Species climatic niche modelling
Objectives
1. Document phytogeographical regions Characterize their floristic/phylogenetic affinities & diversity Understand their origins
2. Evaluate conservation status, regions with high concentration of potentially threatened species
3. Species climatic niche modelling
Phytogeographical delimitation
Phytochorological delimitation of White (1983)
Linder (2011) Fayolle (2014)
Phytogeographical delimitation
Phytochorological delimitation of White (1983)
Linder (2011) Fayolle (2014)
Will RAINBIO bring new insights?
Network approach to delimitate floristic bioregions
Bipartite network with species and localities as nodes Clustering with map equations algorithm into bioregions Efficient method for delineate biogeographical regions
Vilhena & Antonelli 2014 nature com.
Network approach to delimitate floristic bioregions
http://bioregions.mapequation.org/
Bioregions in African tropics
Many bioregions identified
Bioregions in African tropics
Many bioregions identified
Several highlands regions
Bioregions in African tropics
Many bioregions identified
Several highlands regions
Striking contrast between West and East Africa
Bioregions in African tropics
Many bioregions identified
Several highlands regions
Striking contrast between West and East Africa
Bioregions in African tropics
Focus on Guineo-Congolese region
Focus on Guineo-Congolian region
Upper Guinea
Lower Guinea
Congolese
Focus on Guineo-Congolian region
Upper Guinea
Lower Guinea
Congolese
Transition areas
Transition areas
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
How bioregions patterns be explained?
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
How bioregions patterns be explained?
Geographical distance
Ecological (climatic) distance
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Example with Upper Guinea
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Floristic distance
well correlated with both
ecological and geographical
distances
R = 0.78 R = 0.72
Example with Upper Guinea
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Example with Cameroon highlands
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Example with Cameroon highlands
R = 0.12 R = 0.42
Well correlated with
ecological distance
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Floristic relationships reflect
recent dispersal events
and
environmental gradients
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Floristic relationships reflect
recent dispersal events
and
environmental gradients
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Floristic relationships reflect
recent dispersal events
and
environmental gradients
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Floristic relationships reflect
recent dispersal events
and
environmental gradients
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Floristic relationships reflect
recent dispersal events
and
environmental gradients
Floristic relationships among bioregions?
Should reflect
• Ecological similarity if niche conservatism occurs
• Biogeographical events (vicariance, dispersal,
diversification)
Phylogenetic relationships among bioregions?
Dated mega phylogeny available
ca. 4000 species represented
Other species are grafted
randomly within their genus
(>90% of all RAINBIO species)
Phylogenetic relationships among bioregions?
Assessing lineages turnover
Phylogenetic relationships among bioregions?
1
0 0
0 10
6
7
7
8 1
Bio
regi
on
1
4
2
2
0
9 7
Bio
regi
on
2
Bio
regi
on
3
Bio
regi
on
4
Sp. 1
Sp. 2
Sp. 3
Sp. 4
Sp. 5
Sp. 6
0
1
5
2
0 3
6 8
Assessing lineages turnover Cut at a
given age
Phylogenetic relationships among bioregions?
1
0 0
0 10
6
7
7
8 1
Bio
regi
on
1
4
2
2
0
9 7
Bio
regi
on
2
Bio
regi
on
3
Bio
regi
on
4
Lineage 1
Lineage 2
Lineage 3
Lineage 4
1
0 0
0 10
6
7
7
8 1
Bio
regi
on
1
4
2
2
0
9 7
Bio
regi
on
2
Bio
regi
on
3
Bio
regi
on
4
Sp. 1
Sp. 2
Sp. 3
Sp. 4
Sp. 5
Sp. 6
0
1
5
2
0 3
6 8
Cut at 40 Millions years
Phylogenetic relationships among bioregions?
Phylogenetic relationships among bioregions?
Highligh
ancient biogeographical
events
Cut at 40 Millions years
Floristic turnover Lineages turnover (40 Millions years)
Floristic turnover Lineages turnover (40 Millions years)
Evidence of niche
conservatism
Conclusions
• RAINBIO do provide new insights into phytogeographical delimitations of
African tropics
Lineages vs. floristic turnover highlight different biogeographical/ecological
processes for explaining biogeographical patterns
• RAINBIO + megaphylogeny improve our understanding of
phytogeographical patterns
Take home message
Collect plant specimens
This is useful !!
field
Take home message
© Leonid Schneider
Share your data
This is a win-win action
Take home message
Share your data
This is a win-win action RAINBIO
© Ainsley Seago
Vincent Droissart
Olivier J. Hardy
Steven Janssens
All contributors to RAINBIO database