Omnipaque and Visipaque are iodinated contrast agents used for CT and CTA applications. Omnipaque is used for routine CT and low volume CTA (Circle of Willis, Carotid) studies, while Visipaque is used for high volume CTA (aortography, lower extremity runoffs), and in patients whose EGFR is between 30 and 50ml/min.s

Ivory vertebrae---

Hogkin---starts with spotty and has softtissue

Osteomylitis---destroyed bone with reduced disk space with affected contiguous vertebrae

Sternal dehiscence is a rare but serious complication of median sternotomy. Radiographic abnormalities have been shown to be present an average of 3 days before the clinical diagnosis. Displacement of sternal wires is the most sensitive sign of sternal dehiscence.

 The common carotid artery (CCA) flow should not go all the way to baseline and should never be below baseline as it is in this display.  This curve is characteristic of external carotid artery (ECA) flow.

Spectral evaluation of the ipsilateral CCA or ICA proximal to occlusion may demonstrate a high-resistance waveform with decreased diastolic velocities similar to the ECA, often called “externalization of the CCA.”  If sufficient intracranial ICA to ECA collaterals have developed, the ECA and CCA may demonstrate a low-resistance waveform, often called “internalization of the CCA.”  Acute thrombotic occlusion of a widely patent ICA does not typically demonstrate internalization of the CCA.  Internalization requires well-developed intracranial collaterals, often seen in patients with long-standing carotid disease.

If patients develop fulminant hepatic failure as a result of Budd-Chiari, transplant is the definitive treatment.

Bowel ischemia may result from occlusive or non occlusive causes. Non occlusive ischemia is a condition in which the mesenteric arteries and veins are patent, but flow through them is too slow to deliver enough oxygenated blood to the intestine. The cause is usually decreased cardiac output from any cause, including primary cardiac disease, infarction, arrhythmia, and hypovolemia.

1. Bowel dilatation: This reflects the interruption of peristaltic activity in ischemic segments. It is a common but nonspecific finding in bowel ischemia.

2. Engorgement of mesenteric veins reflecting venous congestion secondary to stasis.

3. Mesenteric edema: Owing to the edema that accompanies bowel ischemia, the mesenteric fat may be abnormally increased in attenuation.

4. Lack of bowel wall enhancement, increased enhancement of the thickened bowel wall: Absent or poor enhancement of the bowel wall appears to be the most specific finding for bowel ischemia. In some cases, the ischemic segment shows prolonged enhancement. An abnormal enhancement pattern in ischemic

segments is attributable mainly to perfusion problems (ie, delayed return of the venous blood with subsequent slowing of the arterial supply or arteriospasm).

Good case acr--ntussusception following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

 Prominent mucosal pattern in the ileum and loss of valvulae conniventes in the jejunum are seen in celiac disease.

Sarcoid—

Nodular sarcoidosis is more often seen in the spleen.

Retrocrural lymphadenopathy and larger retroperitoneal lymph nodes are more common in lymphoma than in sarcoidosis.

Splenic sarcoidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of low-attenuation nodules in the liver and spleen along with infection, metastatic disease, and lymphoma.