radical america - vol 2 no 1 - 1968 - january february

8/8/2019 Radical America - Vol 2 No 1 - 1968 - January February

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I

RADICAL

AMERICA,

Jnuary - Febrary, 196 VolumeI Number 1

-

I 50t

Hazard, K:Failure and Lessons

/

THE MEANING OF DEBSIN SOCIALSM

Red Decad Intellectuals

SDS Joural of American Radcs


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JauryFebruary 968 o l . N o 1

OTES,

Hamih Sincir, HAARD Y: MEN O TESULE 1Pe e i e y, E AZA J SC IA IM ANONTY ORGAN Z NG 5Mark o, A VOLUTINARY ENT STIKSRATG Pau l Bu l e and ame en e i MANN OFDBSAN SCASM: AN XCHAG 4 oweh RA NCUAL . 6Pau l B e , D H BEAS GO LT? 66

RADA MA -ot l y o o U.S rdca l i . Ed i tors Pa l ny a l ac J M Mewsaw. Asocas: Tom h so l Mak V appng M O. aio Jo n Me dw id.

uscrion ate: $3/y or $2/ yr o SS ationalMees i n ood and i g (as not chatng copy: 4 Ass %uhle, 7 SpaihtMaison, coni 533.

Or net i wi l arge l y devoted to asty o h org i n lopmen o h e ewt Art i c l es "ve en rom i sd on t S nt

ece Unon an he ong eops Soci a l i steag te i r ear y 6 e i ghts, Aco i tyoran i i ng p oct the i ay o SSa vral ohe r l td to i c A usua l teconbos wi , b acvs s wo wee nvo l vedi th partcuar gops . two o l owng ueave een tntat i ve l y schdu l d as spec l ew i n etatios o he Aerca or movee n

an t e g owt o h ac owr movet,rect i vey . A l o n h e tur w pan an is s o ad i a tha n Ame i c . os trst i wi tig abou hse aricr becs, as we asoe su c ts are ged to contact us

h owig ote i l tes o adical Aeicaor ad i n g te i de o l g c al a n tac i ca l c l a r i i ca t i o n


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Hazard, Ky.: Document of he Struggle

HAM NCLAR

Te Cottee for Mers frst cosidered the

possity of Stde Se r Proje ct e rryCoty Ketcy te ' Ber Gso,esdt of he uepoyed ers ppchCotte for Fu Epoyet d Hsh Scrsecrer of The oitee for Mers, touredc pus e s Ne ork ty, Bosto d hdehii Noveer of th yer

Thr de s c rpo of he joe s s er s oefh st co oerors, hr pocfreds d he oce Zrd Ketucy sprkedhe foro of stdet oee s for M e rs ' oy c puse s To s por the er s te irorz cp for fOd jos d jscehe sdes first ctio s u Br Chrsts toKecy proec

Wht e s Q s ipe hitr e sre

1

o oodi, hose oy potc cotet s tssppor of ricur rou of povershedpeope i he r e s s to fht for e e rcodtos too dfferet corse fter hriss

Ther tot cotet o h e r s teptto or e fr pot c ce the re vevoc e to the so Re e i s o Eouh Cp i s t he r food, c othe s d oeydeveoped to ctvity o orze stdet

e rs coe rece i Hzrd ove r ste r Theed for the coferece covered the porttspects d croud of the ers presetph the history of he co dsry there; the roe of the uio, oce tt d i retret; the rpid crese of e echztio; te irtio of epoyed coers to


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mdwest urb eJyt the aipulation o thosethat reed t o oerator tctis to gain?dvatge fr the pght; the es 3ttet n G ht th2 e o an ready dserateStU a the trduton of edera Prorasthrough state d ouy otil adistratveh :s, hie t he s"!e te federal authortiesod te supresson o he mers moveket

or OBS in the federal conspiracy roseuto ofh h Rong e eders

o eemets rtiuar cractrzed thecere hh too pae n an unused Uited ieWorrs of Ameria uo a t featured speers

r e ers' movemet students, trade uonS unversty cu t ad gvernent repr-sets) bh oa and dera, voved inrGrms t t the es hr y uneploed\res It was a efor preciate the ulestso o the oairs poles It was secodlya efort to inform both the miners and th studentss bcdro to the lai of student ssistace

to the iners' atio progra.SYe prious rerton had been ade among

h ines oveet by the F fed staff to ntroduce the idea of studet partpatio The conferene provided the oportunty for forml intodutionsd ost importaty for the formation of theAppalachian roject t as the tite given to apurel dnistratie bod jointly sponsored by the

ppalchian Coittee or Full Eployent Studentsr Democratic Society h ad given vauble helthrough ther national campus facilities and unionorenttion to orane te ster onference ndthe Cottee for 1ers. ts functon ws raisemoney nd dnster and to recrut students andselet the for wor wth the iners drng tesuer


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H K T STUDETS?

ro sall beginnings a seres of appearaneson apuses o raise oney for a relef proeeoled a aor onferene noling ederal Goernen spokesen and a Coee for Miners apaigno inole sudens in serous work aong heuneploye d oaline rs

Afer Easer hs apagn produed a work oee The Appalahan Proe a apus organier

George Goss

off i ally del egaed by SDS f or heob of sude rerue in Appalahia and apusesall oer he oury and a prooonal paphle

hih oulied Easer Kenuky probles ad dealedhe logi i sude inolee.

These aoplishes were ede and nds-puable bu a progra for suden aiy had nobee early saed . road pol iy wa s oulined The Coiee for Mners haraeried iself as a s e ri e opera o T h is as s ue d of our se hahey had found soehi ng o s er i e . I was esabl i shed ha he sude ns, alhough pa d b heAppalahian Proe ould work n Perry Couny ahe behes ad o he requss of he needs of hedigenous Appalahia Coie for Full EployenThe would essenial led her lieray ad foraleuaion o hose ho aed hese adaages bu

ho had deeloped organiing skills and poliialins in s i he proe s s of ari ulaig he i r hardf el so al nee ds ro he he sudens had soehng o le ar i reurn Thus he on ep ofinelleual ad arisan oining ogeher i poliialoer o alleae soia bligh and oppressio wase sab l i shed Epha s ed, oo wa s he oion ha iwas now ie for hie sudes eager o be in heb ale for i i l r i ghs o under sad he e onoroos of di s ri in a o orking n aard ihuneployed oaliners in a oeen hh in priipa espoused he UA hagoer of odsrina-o, was he sep i he ne logi of uniing blakad hie no o a purely oral bass bu on hepr a i al as supion ha e ihe r had ob s ha


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b d a mmn , imi nain idn pin m ia bi b iin a aiy nd wk wi pdminany nmpyd wk wd nab dn

b n v bid a nd nw Ppiin n nd jb dminain ain w bak and w in amad a

ad wa b iippi wnpyd b aady mvmn m in vin p i pb y inpn min da vnmnnnd i pn pbm

nmpyd I a nmbn pn nmpyd pnd b ii d Gvnmn pam and pv i wa i, a Sdn , d i nd a -n in dmndn d Gvnmn nn-di iminn b i nmpyd , nd n pnd nmi nd p nni wd ni

ny in na pi y i a a n mj pnib mvmn nmpyd wa nvv nnp ip in xmp i b ind Cm Min i SS a a pa i i p

in dn bdy w a p nin inin By, n na piy dn

piipan in azad w a pdminnywi b in pinip nad mvmn nmpyd min bi i i d pm nmpyd nd invk pipin ad nin nd vi imvmn y a ii in piivpia pm b impmnd by ii a ain In i np va i miin i ad

ai pbm aay din ayin na py ind


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5

THE C

A a cocou puc reao poc a aoou of a fuaea ere , he Coee forMer ore o eah he e of Berao a he oher ce eaer ho ere ora The CM arue a a foo The pcee aer e re uepoe co aer ho 96 ea a rue for her ura rh e ruc e o er Keuc hou he

rao uo her uo, he A hec Ouce 3 r uo h o u -aa upor e e re uoa ou-e e oa oeraor a her ocac e e oe a e ore r o rae er re e er ae ou F jail eece ove ve er houe ore r T he

ae e r e ue a reee he oo oeer e e o e a hao o a e aer auoaoe a he e o aac e r e a ue e are eeree . Te ae o or ae a oveeor o o e r e cooc r a o The ere reare o he cv r ovee r a ea uo parao her e

re or e ouoa ue o hur Aouh e ra o ue roo heee a a re o or o he re ahof era a o hare a o heuepoe er ho a fooe h e -a pc e a The ho ever ue rahe uaea e o uo oar Theco cue her efore ha h a he e e

ha ou rae oe a hep o free he of herea e o ha he cou coue here f or uo jo he e, he h ha he ou a fo r

The Coee for Me r o he oher ha,erap oo rea accee he ceaceece o a e e a evece of he rea


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6

tential for a joess ovement in Hazad. he om-mitte interpreted the reluctance of the piks to

understand the noton of a moement of the jobless asa etmate organiing calenge A union of the

jobless as not distant in concept from a union of thempoed) and it 'dou be ased n the rea and

evident needs that te men ere feeingNeverthess te new concept essentiay be-

ngd to te Committee or Mners. In eneral themners wuld ccept it only to e extent that tcontributed to llevating te ega pros 'hh

arose rom t pikt moveent The rganztcl

rice o servcng mediate needs n rder to a constituenc or a ess ovous progra wastus espoused at te ouset by e CF. I this

sensE n oraniation wt a rogra o obs or theobes rts or te diseranced as anpsion whi c2sed se usion te t teita sudents.

or tose on te scene the mners it alsaus

nusin The pce moement hd setileen a onen oertion ac of democtpartcipaton in decso ain characteristic of

the entire United inerers structure, S evdentn the icet oveet ooin ith te selordained reratives of the oal oerators as John s had discovered, a no csio or dploatic dicssin or parantary procedure. Living

y e srd the c oper&tors oud a9anty hveto de b e sr U s [eant r here isnotin ess deoratic tn gt ry enein .' _ and n L ebr soer; te ts

ess so ad Gsn as teir e&e bcase he

nderstod t i ore civied pursuits obdn a decrtic socet prds eace hdeen total inored by te uno or reasons best

ascried to the eretuatin its -/ internal erstructure A meership siscated enough todeand local represetatio oca pulic governent

ight also e sophistcated enou to demand locareresentation in its ternational i. Whaeverth reaso the uneploed had no real repentti

in oc overnent. Without politica epessionther nee \ent :et


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7

It ecme met to te Commttee orers terpeo o progrm or te merstt ey so orgze to get ts rep re s etto T oty pre pre or te proems o orm e -

cs omg emocrtc pro ce re s te me rs o se ter orgizg or est prty ste rs t e s so emoc rtc govermet i s opprecte te ee or s eort t s oesteors e sort o ce vg t Wt s more,te efor ts mperectos torogy cosete pc es, r e i r re ctos e toBem s o cosos yy to s e roe

Freqety este emooy y s re os o e ocome o e eg ]roceegs c e ce tey yer seece oroe crge e mprsome or oter, ser coo egc o erer seros ecce s gve s geer eteerore e ot ere e ec2e iy o e ovem rer s se Atog

ere s o e ese s orztoo y o e s e mmetey Be rm WSerse or resos o e orgoeXee c r rom y o y c tvte s e ovem e rse s or e rs me erces ergs sgo t cmeree t e regr es zr

s sece ree eecs rt-

cr Wto s c o cs e egs, cse sece evryo ese o e eecvecommee o e Ac ommtee or Fmpoyme e ome mee s o emse ve sree to eerme er e cs os B oBerms ce ersg o e ApcComm tee s oes , e Commtee or e rs oer oserers oce t e commee memers

co e se or s reeom ese ey temseves o otg o ecee mo o e F progrm ece em

rrssg e sece o ssso csgges es0g es e sro o oe s e! e oy se c e ( s c so eegs c ere


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8

wo hng he acy of arcaon of he em-ber n conrcve e an her lack oforganzaonal k o ea wh he mo fna-ena of organzng ak nvovng gro acon an

anraon of gro econ.C le ary hen ne he C omme e fo r Mner

regare a movemen of he nemoye n aarmy a a efl romoona gamb n efforo ef en he ne r on r a l ha a reonb yo evelo new leaer of a calbre an characerfferen fr he rooye an o work hha eaerh o clarfy genera grevance no

ocal e aron whch an arclae emberh co be organze

From he ar hen he aachan Projecwhch wa egne o r en no Perry Conyo work h he exng movemen of neoyemner on frherng her rogram face wo oghrole . he ex ng moveen ha no y eveoean acal rogra an ha ony renary olcal

n nc An new e aerh ha o b e fon oeveo ch roga

en herefore were ake o eal wh robem comex an fnaena enogh o ax he kof exerence organer

E STDENTS

y he me of he enmner' conference aaer here were areay hree C aff eoe nazar. he one none n a fo rme r n on achn ha oerabe knowege of he ere neleca acroac of he ercan lef b ha eexer ence n organ z ng an w a gven few organ z ngrecve from he Commee for Mner

her e we re wo en ne her o f whom ha anyexe r e nc e organ z ng wor kng e ole . ne of heha no cam organ z ng exer ence e her ohfro ohern cae hey ahere o he noonencorage by SNCC a he me ha he cvl rghoeen ha o eveo ow care of egro


11/72

r

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rgners nd tht whte sthern stdents clet wrk t rgne hte shern srt fr theveen th were nte re st ed n the C tte e frMners rstn th ths whte sthern cn-

sency ght e fr he whte nelyed ndtht hey hd be rgnzed t reet destrctnf the v rghts veent by eleens f whesrlly s]rt ng ntegrtn bt j e ls f thes sed egr hret her j b s

ether f these tw stents h cnd flef w ng l c s r n n hstry r fr nesten's b s syhy t he Wbb e s ne therwere gnzn f the wer f eely felt nnlyty nd he effe cs f t s be tryl erlynebere therefre they were qc k t n nhe nnsdent's cyns b he rhetr fnher ef wng fsc when hey dscvered thesrency eteen the fcts n zr lnedn he revs her nd he fcn n heC ee fr ners ' rtn er s_nng fr e st hve been her

ntrsn he brt f very sly chl thergeny f he rn vre d e1stllydshng n sr veen f he cnfsn f hs hl nd s rens he Ceefr Mners n he vng es ws n encrg ng red e r ee rene h he r-ve r f he sre rghs eenvenrng n s e see nr f nyhng

ht hd gne efre esblh hs ch heyreced hey fn he AlchnCee fr Fl yen s n veentht sn by sef \th s wn rgr ndee rs h hd n d ret n nd here see ele el h f s f nd n g ny

hs very rctcl ssessen f he zrdveent f nelyed ners bece sers

hret s lng ter ft re re wth er snc en he new sff was n ce ns ed by the hrshrel zt n f he f ct s Wth he exer e ncef rgntnl e rse ctve r s l ne the rhne st c cns be ce the tls f dv s n bth


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0

aong he mner an her fame wh whom heywere w orkng , an among her fr en oe of PerryCony who omeme were a oo coe o he Commee for Mner fn rang orce

e angero b eqay eo of erece wa her concon ha manaenfence fro he oe ha e ace n hecommee' eeomen an ha h fonng chwo fare beer f fon own way an ocen he wo r . hee oberaon an c onc on we rencaon of wha gh be exece fro generaarcaon by en n wha wa eenay an

exora ory aem o organe he nemoye Theyhrew gh on he ero ack of oca ecaonan organzaona cne of he aerage eng ragh o of choo o o oca fewor. In he abence o hee arbe e aen' cre ha he come o o choo wh aoo o o e or a a

oby no wnng o be ebarrae aon

er e hey oo coere he cnco ac an fncy , an robab oce rne abo erva of he nf comee a he han oreaory cm aor wh who hey ere fm-ar, he hree organer renoy ooehe ae r c onfer ence . They cone re nmeyan fe ha wo ony cae reenen amonghe ner an her fame an ao among he

oc a ooon In he few week hey ha worken he area n he abe nc e of erman an yef whowere fn rang hey ha eeoe her ownfoong whch wa oya enogh o agree wh hemha he CM' organaona nee for an Eaerconference wa an nron nconen wh heeffor o eeo he eocrac eermnaon of hengeno c omm ee Howe e r her e w a eoer how of h feeng on he mner ar whenhe confer ence ac ay mae rae n hec on rar hey we re e ae wh he a gaehem Prome of he aere affec of he eceeof a boy of bera en abroa n a rangemoray an neecay rocrbe commnyneer maerae


13/72

w, h i ld a wa xpn a

a I paly m h cdi hcnnc aniz and h hpaiy hn and h a ha h udn pnc

a h cnc dd n juy h ld apd c Th al a w ad ac ,hwv vn h xpi w a az anaya iv Th Appal ach an C m wa wak adundnd

Th a p huh ha h da ac k a z aial pc dd ad a cnuv z n p h

a c aay I add h a dyn h CF a p xcd nugh y p had h d-

c lc whh a u py a c .

Ths wa h da h aachn jcStudent) n fct, were beng ased to serve h h a v aana c d a pm, wh ach vs h u v:nd 'hope a Addd ha a ha a owledge h h udw wihot a uddn h nd uld hav xc anzaa dcpl

THE RT

n h h Ea Cn d h h Apaacha Sum jc amaj cha aud lc d h d wk udn cud d n zad n and h d w ha h Apalacha Cm

ud Th chan a a z d a relst vuan h a aa nazad d o ud acpan dad c ud h a ca Th m h whu Gi wa n a xy embryoca , and h cm h two udn


14/72

2

g th ly h th tl gt y

m tt ty y m t thn th b tt tly t

t k n H g th t lly t th T th m xg m t H t tlz

ht btt g th tngt ht thy l n z th tht tnt nt ly l tt hy m mmnt hh h m mthn tt n th xtng t

lnt tt th Cmtt M n ht t h h . Thy my t tk th bl ng n l-h n th mmnty n t k th t t ly t th mtt' b th l hn t tht thy mht n . Thy gnznt th httn nngn th t gnn

th ttn nttn th ntnzt .

t ll th h nly n t thth h n l n n ltlmtty t b b t ut th tn n htht thy n n Hz nt ny l nznt Th ly th nng tntht m h th t n th

ty z n tmnt n n thb mt by th mn t tht . hy n ht l th k ?

n th mj tty tnt tn th ght mmnt t y tn b b qty nt n lt n ny btlty h by n th ht tnt n h h

nm t Ng tht hn nztnlt t mnt n hm tht N lt bly t btt b thy h bn thng t lng h y ht ln' t t gng t th n t tlt mtnl n th n t n tht bt n mmg .


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3

At rst these inds o robes ere accentu-ate d by the roje ct dire ctor ' s uningne ss arythrough ie coitents to the rearation or ra or and ary throgh hs in ab y o ae on he

job to ace he studens oica orientatonrobes In ths re se ct it oud have be enbeter o have a suden or a roject drecoriced because o deonsraed caus actonorganizin g abii es and oit ic a carity .Prariy thouh t becae cear that he ostorant diicuy arose ro he reationshbe e en he sdents and he ner s ' ovee n The

students roe o servcng an ongong oveen ashoney Wthou ea de r sh i ro the i ne r s and ihou eadersh in he ed ro FM sta hesudens i hey er e o do any or at a hadto rovde h e ade rsh aso t i s a cred it oth that ths dd no a her iinness norther s{i s I dd hoeve r a the at ther

eae s oi nt Wat as a hs or or In theab sen ce o a ce ar anse r o hat que ston ay hesource o he sde consan conusion abo thecotet o her eors the i r ab y o oivaec on on a onger er er se cve and he i rundersadng o daytoday rus trai os It ashe source o a readiness to acce and encourage anarb itrary dsay o oer by he oveent n bcaces hou aceing he burden o ecuousad a i e n r e r aion or t . a s ony the

ne rs ' on dy ha reve ned a ajor c aasrohe on hs score

More orant erhas is he con cusonth sdens ihou organizing eerience ad thu oica aturty have doubtu vaue the decate and any so rocess of deveoing oca auonoous ovees hen the issues areno cear and the eadershi has no aready been

deveoed It is too teing n a vacuu to assuehe roe o eadershi n voaton o he rnce that s he eoe theseves ho have oead and o coe o unde rstand the ir on s suesThe daners o succubing to his etation erenoceae hen the doar an hour en odged a


16/72

copant about ther wor cndtons They were sujeced to a kangaro court" tye o inquiry in

response their copait Insuffcient prepara-

tor r as done th the en nd under crssquestonn the 'court' ther response was wea.

Hal o : vlo sgned opaint fed utunder qestonn nd the ohe hf could no rt -cuate their deLands ter the Project fed worer

had been ejected o the haring Another instanceof ts was the nabity of all but he stdenfiedorers to respod to the ntidating presence

and questions of the school sperintendent nd ountyserf at a pubc meeting caled to disuss thessues f poor shools Public meetngs hwever

satsfn as evidence of organzng success aredeastating falures no one ut the organier can

respn to the chalenges f the opponents he students on the projet were apt enough to learn

experence) but t was callous to have them learn at

the expense o tose tey were leading. t least one

r tO; or a sall number of the people themselves,ust be advanced enough Gnd prepared enough to accept

the chalenge o conrontation.

It s n the prearation o this rudientary

stae o orning wong wth one or two loc

eople nteSively that the doubtful value of the role

f stdents n a short period of a SUer vacaton

b eae aparen. n the other hand there is another

ueson I the station had not produced thesefew ocal peoe already t might hve been ased

the notion of organing n Hz ar y m Tpreise on which te Commttee or Miners and the stu-dents wored as tht the picet ovement in the pstad prodced just such peope. hat the students inthe suer project accomplished was to confront the

ocl comitee t a real estimate o the agnitude

the tas that they had assumed and they f SO,o e aread pronent leadership people to a rea

assessment f ther bities. This was not a uselessacpshet Rather t now provde the Committeefor Jines n the past o preoccpied with its

}ns1tes to prepare ad manage the nerstrls, t seul prata evidece on which to bse


17/72

Ir

d prper estmate the rgag ptetal Perry uty amg the uemp ye .

THE PRJET DID WHAT

5

At the utset there was a arragemet that amemer RA wul ce t e actg PrectDre ct r urg the te the tra l Lexgt .Ths was retty cse t the egg thePrject a the arvl the stuets There wasa cut aut hs trasp rtat a he ar -

rv c ue we es ate . S there as lttlechace t st w wth hm t tap hs etesveeerece a t y t t ust r hs shrtstay Haa ut t set u a rgram ctvites that u e useu t carry ut urgthe re st the sue r Thas t hs taletsths ture t t e ess a savatage thaepe cte at e t ur re a e

the mst mprtat hgs ut H azar .The act s that the stuets ther

arrval a ew wees rr t the ERAP pers set ut quite suc c e s su thugh wth mu ch cus t the e leaersh prr t hsarrva They ve c al er s hme s atee t eerat atvty the rect i whichthey ve Thrugh st cuty se rvce te

r they s u tht the ma sue s thatee ae au ere schl uches, aschs a a eucata acites thers euate eca care, partcuarly at thermer ers sptal iaequate sch us acte s vara y r ught y aeuate r asu a w the i r hlw s a a he h s t vua prles ver Puc Assstace Scal

Se curty a Wra c e s at i ye casThey ce ur earer p that thewe ek ly eetg t a l c a u hl, attee y ahure r re pe le, w a may a althes gamt a tht apart r a reguar shw stregth ts vaue as mte It attra cte


18/72

' ,' r

s teres e8e a v

s ad te rets e d e 0 _

d w ecs e I t e

he: :er res to, ch e . t sod ave een sent o n g te

ar,d Jes ';re rv cn 2 teL[2ss.

Tse ebers the ext ive co"m ttee ho

ee serus bu te orgzn job) eope Iho te

studets ad estabshed go d C1 wt urged the

studets nto ret work ere they coud ornie

the eope roud te loca ssues o that pt.

Pect eetns herefore bm te ajor acti-

vt o the students vaety of ssues osest each recint were dscussed} d as a resut several

deegtons were sent to ton to dead concessionsor VarOUS precincts hen the ERAP reesentatve

arrved e s abe to deterne that the most po-

t icly reeVnt r shoud center around the

eections of three school oard members n November

For eeve ya) Dis Woottn h D chl

superntedent. here are ive board members elected

on rtaio o three one year t\ the net t

aened hat one o te two embers ot being elec

te ths ear opsed Wootton Theefo to deose

Wootton ; t ws necessary to nomint and eect ony

to o the hree to be eected on an ntiWootton

tt b thus ganng a 3 t 2 antiWootton maoty

n the ne boar.

[


19/72

t was through discussion with he exeutieboard that this oion deeoped and the began workon it ied iat e . t the s ae t ie rack ense,a coparatie oung eow with a arge ai,

ae in to ask or hep o write a proes eter tohe Goernor abou c ondit io ns o n he doar an hourgang e wroe a ete r copaini ng about theedera rogra o aid the Chidren o athers whowere unepoed . hree hings had be en proi se d theen when the pr ogra s arte d ree o os , reeunh and ree ransport at i on to he j ob N one othe se had been eee d . n addi i on , he opained

about uns ae wo rkng c ondit ions , and deaded aedera iniu ge o $ 2, since he doar anhour was not enough o a gran to ie on nd it hadhe eec o depressing oher wage sandards in theoun in aua j ob s ha did ex ist

n his gang o thirt eigheen peope signedhe eer ad he oeror sen an inesigaorro near J as on o ine st iae . he ine sga ion urned ou o be a kangaroo our. t washed n e oun our roo presded oer b Babeopi s , he C oun Judge he en ire gang exc eptrac wer soned b heir straw boss e agi-strate ad appeared in he ourhouse ieinas re se n a he hear i ng , a ong ih heine sigaor ro Jakson and abe opis, wereSheri Charie Cobs o err Coun, he noorious ru ine opera or , h s depu ie s , Sgt . i che o

he S ate poe , ad oher s ae po ie o iers ,he oca agen he rairoad dee c ie and oneor two ohe r oa opera ors . Under his ipress ie po ic e ine up a bu a ew o he en inkedout . sudent wen wih he, but was ejectedate r a ses s i on o ad i ne rroga i on b abe Nopis .

he ak o organiaiona preparation or thiseenuait was disasrous, bu he siuaon was

not en ire ost . Br ak be ae uri ous and wrot ea se c ond et er t o he Goerno r , deanding that hethe uthor o the origina eer, shoud be heardand no under p oice our c irustanc e s . heinestigaor ro Jakson reurned quik, heardrac k aone , and the gang rec e ie d ree oos and


20/72

3

a roise o trnsportatonere are rogly forteen gngs oprised of

tr en ea on te dolr an or program in PerryCon e proram extends to nne SoteasternKent;y ontes To organize te fort: ;Sarnd s dends Bra ased a stdent to go itm to taL "it te oter ans dring te y Teote s ad been forearne nd er o2n fnsve ndivida members oever e to r8=k ant to noge m and te tat ter gngad been arned to ave notng to do t teseCommnsts or tey od lose teir grants. Someagstrtes ad gone frter and prosed personalvolene by ay of reperssion.

Meale te stdents ere alling openmeetngs in abot seven dfferent prents eafletsnd posters were proded t dvertise ea meeting tere ere abot for or e every eek. Ea onedre rom tenty to on ndred peope nd on tenvitin of te Eetive Committee Memers teattendees beame nterested n teir preint's prt-lar problems. Preint ommittees ere begnnngto sape


21/72

ee wh repreea frm each f he furee gag

The bae f oppio rga z g hee

w area oar an hur an eucaon boar bv ou h hae arge um f fee ra moneya are a egr par of he pary ocaaroage yem he couy arou whch boh herepub l c an a emoc ra c c ouny yna e revolve .here e fference o he recpe of hemo e 7hch pary omial power

he ue w or oga ng n hee w o are awh e aachan Commee emonrae he fow o he C ommee mebe r he re wa apo c a no j u rheora nee o exoe heamaon by he oca ofa of he feerarogrm he e ec of h exure wou be e ve reharrae mearng an he hrea of volene anoby voence ef n her mn he uae o c a rga g h un n organ ng n avanage f he were o connue aer heuen ef econ wou al on he ahey Oul have o fa ce an eal w h heol c a machne a e orgnze h heyew bu ul ake ore wor n hough roma arger nuber eoe n he cuny o fg hemchne efecvey han hey ha mobe u unow o ioran h be embe r f he cm ee abou ve ou f foure e n rea e ha

here wa a rea organzaona fferece beeenargume over foo an ohe an cuo nanng of cc an raegy

h ene hen, he uen roec efneO oran ac by aon wo nervecene of he erry ouy ca chne oon o li organ n wo u be neneruhe a e ae e co nly here a a

er ou ac of eerh ang he unoyener an her e cope h he colee of f ra ag c ne amnonan naon of he cmee une

he ue were conue an rure byhe aaren re an benc e concee rgr an ane reu a a


22/72

futre , _ (L

rd d p:Gy snp. b(Qio o h !;li movu-".nt\ h o h


23/72

n w st i d t itit nd s nugiis t it ti ts nd sk substnddtun b unin stndds in t titib kt s idw st n ubn s

dn t knw i i s ud b d s ndigt in I dubt it Si n t unin in s bgnsing dwn in 94 in t w utt in s ist j r ns ugt i gin s b n rtc n st n ut ds t igt i n itnt k twd ub w lin 5 n in 196 . n it t rint d ntts , hici unin ict lin std uni un-

nt bn it s rn ut st ri cinc idd wit th uniil in icts d lhugh thU ws ind t intin t t r s n i n-stituti cnncn, it s f ubr w sil w disiid d nithr h s hir c, ucillnd s didus iu h idri r ics i sur in r

sr . hi s 7 in hr /hthr Lcls srbud m u ub r w . c h s , h riin cb d rctr h [ in h ku lc1sws surir h h n h r-i ic t s w ih h xin f i dshi

Whi thr ws still us h rnidsis b h MA th ws sil in nd

sut r th rin i ct s . hn s iut innd nd h U itud th hbr Unin nd thr t th Blu Did ubrw bsss uil ild c ws nn usul n t it d ruhuind ndnt b ng nd r irnt rn i-t inl lg i s n utnus r Wht wuld hnd i h un, ius n in th

ubr w Bu Dind d tn jind hts n in din th Us dirtisi s tr nj tur t i s t didnt . B us th wr unin iitnt s h wxudd r rnt in u Dind NubT ith r b ngn r b cs t wud nt substndrd trs undr th Surn b


24/72

2

Uni n Th appnt a n n t in thpi t in thi might b an ini at in o thi hi t t in an t th a tgthAding t a gh t imat ha a t 35 mn wing in Diamnd mb T minin 6 th w n i i in Pn in 194 two a t

idnt Knn ' titi mng w ahap a Knnd Th t iatd ho man mn da om Appaahia int th b mat wh t bod b aStt Pbi W Po-j t imatd how an wd b t ightt d t bi tat hy hd tanb iAn th t itd h an d j t b t Fth ond an th id at =i n P ont atat y t p t i nin pgam and th Ai d tDpdnt Chidn of Unmpoyd th pom tobb th

l


25/72

3

THE BITER ND

Whn St an Arn t z nd n ha ran thmmtt r nr and I wnt dwn t Hazard nFbra ' 53 , nd aan n J t mt Brman hd a hnh : th mtant na tr ddnt an th8t th rr wr ntatn a r-t n a at , a O t t rmt n- d d h nr had b n drtd b th rnn ba n t n ndtr ara h nptrn th trd nn nt t atatn

pratr brt at t w at a It brtnt nntrd rb ba th n wrt rp d n 8r nb r Th w r t rappd n aj b n Th at matn that h bntan tht a r n th n rth at tn 8r , n th tw th rd t mbrhp n th pr wa n tan pan th trdtna rba ra whr nmpd

a had nd n at n th n j t r ad nn t h ) th t d dar r and brt a trrnt pnt anprtt It w a rt t nt r n tr dt nan a rtt tat dd nt ta nt nt thn tat n t j b n at r at at n h rr a r br dpt t d n rn and t 8nt an ar rtwr b n nt n n r th tt B ran a r ttd, S t ndrtand thrbab b a h r nt p r d n j a t nr bnd had h a t thn

h Bran and n r tO thr adr bnnd that thr tr d nt thn drn nd n thr tatn n th d ra rt r ndr n that rmandt b dn a t b th d rd an Drn th rt that r 3 h tan a n w r tt n p th thr wa p nt dn that th d ard wa t thrBrman and I had tn[ r nht n t nnt Sth at rn nt Th r w attndd and nthat tn w thand


26/72

natr r attach t a ptitin t ahingtnmning j. A in ptitin an eattn mt ing nt in thml cntitt anrani p it i ca rc itht rman th mn

in th ari cnti i nt ha th impt tcall tin thml In atin th F int ha h ta r th rrc t cr achcnty in th tail rqir t prmt lcalarhip Bran halth an tr irat innr thi cnt in a . Th UA nc again arra y a cn c ing annnc phnyplan r cntyi ti an in t r thr t ing rain r prt At th n thr I rtrn t Yr t pn l t ira ny Tratr alt y t tcrtinly ictat y r rrc ctiitic cncntrat in Prry nty.

t a at thi ti that th ntin tnthp in a r r rjct irt tlih itl . It a at th i t i t that FDR J r a

ppint c ial atta ch t Apalach i an th j rra an t r Vct inal t a ning c trprt li cal c ap nc In Janary ' 5 4 th Ai t Dpnnt hilrn Unmpy

Fathr prgra gan . I n a ry hrt pr i thgh nthing i rnt th t m ig rt n th mt a an th Frl prrm' j crity r a praing ciil thr n

th ara it i c ntnt Shar ci inahingtn arm thir han in th l thir that ha nc n t cl t thir a rcrt


27/72

J

5

Hazad Socialism ad Commuity gaizig

PR Y

Th nw t pp to b doping odinto it n pi w In th r o hi Johnon nd o w rying ot thi panto b omb or th Vi t n th ont & t th hi ghto it poi t ph ndd o tdnt o kdto th oth to prtiipt in th ii righttrg i th in itt o thn y thont o th ii ight di in th uoth hd ndd th Th dopnt oth ghtto rbion nd th id o b p

htd th o o oiti to th ty nd ndtndby d hit tdnt

Th nt ph boht th dopnt o nirt y b d tdnt ont At irt mopott imd t th mingy iotd i onid tt i nt rnt ion in th Vi tn i i r th ont dy bgn to rt thit t ion in Vi tn t o th dit ni ronnt o

th n riy Fit th inqi o th drt ttd nd thn ith th po o ihinSt o in th tb ihnt o th no o oni Di rgi, tdnt di rtd thi tt aintni ity op i ity w ith h ont ontrotionry traty d th dointion o bothth niity nd S oin po i y by inopotion

ow th O%nt it ntiipriit yt gy d nd t And Stdnt Pow

or n intrting tio o ii ightpr oj t in Tn Bob nd V i k i b inytt onty n Y t Thont III tob


28/72

cnerpse d Crprae C n rl . ac cal es c aain wic reaced s pek n akland Wasngnand adi sn as a cc pan e d , and re e n as s pe r

seded, e escaan picl rercese dvances re ccpaned, wever asense neas nes s . ec se ac rs pec liar eir especve sns ck ins andsens ace s la in n epre s s n . e ge svlnerae ecse i cn e c pyscal re side rld y ens ssve ry repessin ve c ee ile ppsin r

ie e i c . lac ep a n s re sled in eelean rericns a sci1ly ndecnicy gina ss eey eecieyecding e r ecnic cenes pwr

dens e in sii sian since eye n s ye en ee e ce eve e e jiy eveny wil i e en e y pve e pi i c y dc i e . any sden se are e i p i i =e plce in nd n ense e prdc pvi ee envnen ei einy sre sees p e n vanr psiin psin ene y sdensisin eni nes sin ece e i iy in ps c y nd n n -ll iie an re pace ans isein de apea ny a s n ien e a

is siin s e renee ineres ine e en s e a ie ppi s as e c n iyniin. is ge e een sen is se y in i pepe andaa n a r in c ss espe ive , in rder cs in n e essni ecnic isses n peven e epressin e ac ierns re . e J p ec in Ci c and e

e s C le, ind n r Di e c i n r rH sy ew e es II (Deceer 11, 1) ennie Davis n an ynd, ew Pl i i c s nde veen a nal uardin, XIX ( s and Sepember c-, 1 967) ; Thd l1arty ( pseud . ) , Onesisnce S 8Y " ew e es, I I (vee 0 17 ) ke Jae s "Pu ing-Tfe dicls r ew e e I I ( c e , 9 )

1'I


29/72

7

New Counit Union ojet e the t pototpet o wh ih we e uull efe ed The b oth h enged t wethe peiod of eltie neglet bthe e t of the oee nt Now it i uged thtiil pojet be et up in othe citie.

It i ipetie tht the be of the oeentbe bodened but tee i el dnge tht wewil not profit fro ou pt ite tht intedwe will retun to ou oiinl leel of deelopentnd eet our e rlie epe ience ith the proble in ind wnt to e few coent on oneornizin project tht di not ethe the to

D

The Hd roject onceie in 1963 tb ot the e t ie JOI The or ii nl inte tw to brode hrpen th cil iht trleb ii t cl be thrh ehiing theeentil proble prticl eloent whchnder l ere t io Polit i c l co c ioe ol

e bit troh orii ro locl ie uch the chool te \el re etc ut the e e nt i l qe t io cn ci one o ht or htd how orniig round lol ie w going tohelp tt in htee the ob j ect e


30/72

8

b road o a awree b roade r d ot eore re a t t te tdet Tey dertoodte partry tee oft per tote derdeve oped o g reg o Tey kwtt te oa opertor ere top dog ad tat wte ate r etky te o a oty, ad tate goer -et we re te r oe tret 4

Ter perpetve, owever rrbedby to a w e re oey re ate d . Bot ere a prodt o ter oa evroet ad ter tory o a o t . A god trade o ttey ad bee tagt tat eoo trgge or

ted dead wod aev ate te r odt o .Tey e ed oy be og to ad re oya to te o t wod d r et te trgge or te r t e adrter Wa gto .

tatey to te det r et o te e r teo pred poy o oaborato t teoperator at a ot o te oe d ad rteppreo o te deort prto o te ra

ad e o te oter Te o e orage d a e a zto ay ed to te doto o ttret te are a ad epoyet or te e r

T beae o te eary atortara atreo te o ad te arrow vero o trgge trooted te er od t dt to tae te t atve . Ad o e tey ad, a rovg p ket tey oted to arry o tr t o ato

or age ad or eve ay o te e reepoye d ey ere o ore tat pra t gared e dee ad a e er r a or o

4 It od ot be eeary to ake t raterob vo pot . Te re a oo oe ver -eed rgty or roy by erbert aread/or oteporary oe ooogt d b

ter ow bagrod tat rge tat omeowa ooe a ee obterated by teae t e o oder we fare ap ta . ebeeve tt a ooe a bee ae e d ad oed b t ot ob te rated

1

I(


31/72

,.

1

struggle But th is w s the lst de sper te strugglefr ding eent nt, s se rntis nniners thught the beginning f te sil relut i n

The ther iprtnt spet f their utl wstei r tt itude rd the gernen n tt iudewhih ws ilent but tended strngl twrdceptne f ne f the dinnt hees f neaptals te eutrl beelee f te federlgernent F trs pert in gi nst th is tt i -tude we re the tept the gernent t ss h teU fter rld r II, the rle f ll BIgents s ssistts t the cl pertrs, thebius use f elfre ne t fre ers intnnuni ies d t ntrl their picet eet,nd te use f r n ert fuds build lclDecrtic rty chie ll t te ntinllede r si ut st il l e gernent hd pled eurl rl thrug te Ntinl br eltinsrd i e uni sruggle . d en the ies

s ed t eder ere d d ridefd nd e j s Tere s , reer , heipressie u unfulflled rhetric f pplinDeelet tr ug te r erty F inllysit ws ln y ff nd st iers ereufilir i te citis f te federlgeret ee u te understd is pertin te lc l leel s we sll se e te f ct tht

e iers ere ilet u e rle f tefederl gerne crui rle c scplited te cnfusin f e essentilyiddle clss cdres f te e Yr sed itteefr iners

TO TS K

The studets, ibued it te decti elnf te iil rigs een ere cniced f heirtues f uildig een fr prtiitryde r The ere re f te frudulent nturef federl refr prgrs lie e r n ertnd epled the rret strteg f brdening tetcticl ppr f the iners y enurging te


32/72

30

o uppeen heir rde union ciiie wih oi i c ion . Bu in cu iy p oon pe redbee en he uden ' oi i c l perpec ie nd he irorniin ciiie

The uden decided h poiic cion houlbe direce exoin for he iner he oennure of he wefre ye oehin boh roupwe re le pri y w re of In p ce o heexiin welfre ye hey propoe o pu relr on Poery. Neer i n if hi w no po ibe nor ire for h er wihin he freworkof c orore c pi i h wn ' he poin . f

you coul e he peoe oin on refor iueoehow, he oeen woul n urly e ole in heirecion of he ric rucur chne ouhy he ue n n he urf c e hi rey hl he ernce of ypicl ric reforeen he k in of oee n h w oud in er eno he eiin ye oenily irupieo i rou i e he unelo i ne r hrouh

c o in on o Oen ror ow n rheori c n p nc h r ore of repreon if ne e y . Such ror woul repe he riion deineion ofwh ol ii c y e i i e nd wh w no he e ie erpeuin he ideoloic yh of ne url nd be neoen e . In oher word iper h he uen ere iin he forcewhch hey heoreiclly ooed o brin he oeen

une onrol by prooin u hoe iuon owh ic h he ine r e re o uce pi l e .An heee he uen rued h in he

on run ince hy were ricl, he woul be bleo ouneue r he oernen . u he i r e rpe c i e oh r e h i no i c ue wi h heeoe hey were orniin n il l efined Aeen he oble of ree fro he ferl

oerne ere di c ued w ih re op i i . npr ie w ih he ir pee r e orni er ex chnedhrh ppr il o he ref ori o c ororel ierl l he eleen o elf ecepion, n i -pul ion n oporun i w e re pree n ue o heipriy eween he ulic nce of he ornir

\


33/72

'

31

and their private evaluation of the shortcomings ofthe ir own work .

The question is not hy the Hazard Projectfailed . It as b od to sooner or lte r perhaps

de to its ver succe s s . The question is : as therean alternative to the stratey emploe in Hazard?In general can community ornizing become a mensof mobilizing the forces necessary for totl transformation of the cpitaist politicl econom

As Ronald Aronson has pointe out comnitorniin raises ifficlt problems because of thecharacte ri stics of the community s inhabitants .They re qite often nemploe an re bein organize where they live not where they work. 5 Sincethis tpe of person is only mrinally in touch withthe economic centers of power a comnit unioncol onl be one element in a lrer clss movementwhich c contest power in the fctor here it islocate . Neverthele s s these rinl commnities arginal from the point of vie of eploent cnbecoe n importnt omponent o olist ove

ment .The prereqi s ite however for n movement i s

first concepti on of tht movement s obj ective nsecon n ie of the strtegy necessar to attainthe obj e ctive . he left obviousl lacks clearie of both at this point lthoh sh n ide ispre sentl evolvi y conclin remarks c an onlysket ch pos sible lte rnat ive .

It is no admitted that the iea of participto emocracy becase of its vueness iseficient as n expression of n alterntive tomodern cpitlism . I n its place we mst evelop anlterntive which is concrete enogh to give themoveent a specific gol an to help shpe itsstrate.

5 See onal Aronson "The Movement an ItsCriti c s Stie s On the Left VI (JanuaryFebruary, 196 ) , 3 -1-


34/72

R

Sim pvid wih ni diniin wh w wi in Wih m pnnin nd inim pmnin ni nizin n p n in niy d dn, dmiv i ii nd w i np in invi nin ydy nd in i v

in Kny p h pin n ni y n p hi iz hpi i n min p i i vi n h m i h i nmi phi B npyn vi i p in in n i y hv p

vn i i iv mi iii iy n in i 0 p

j iv v h i j iv d mi i n wh i p i in i p h i of hi i i pp

hih pv n imp mn innpi nn i i i i n h m i i wy v pivy iim, h hc i nin v pnpid i i i vy pv iii y ni viy

i p h i v mi ni iiy ipndin v i ad inii h p wi i n in idin j iv

in ih d H, nin pik py n h jiv pj n ni w d


35/72

3

nu wag and ha h n shod b alowd owork on usful obs n h coun s 1hr h yl vd. sking for h fdral n u a raisof 2 5 cns an our an ha r dfn n

our organia onal ork fro rsc v o f h f ar sys s asking for a rgr dol.Bu sul wor ad so onial s a dandwhic w i naivy xor.

h couni s of asrn ncky ar dv o dof os rudnry soca srvcs such asdcn roads scools sag syss housng c.Usful work coul an unds ud b ad

avaib or iinaion of s dcincis.g n s roos l sounds i a in or a orlabra o. n a sns s b c aus i iscallng or a ror wiin rHor ofcaialis. Bu is r or roosal c an b usdo in rocss ladng o a rvoluionaryransoion

A rogra fr couniy rconsrucion us

r coni unds ar no avaiabl in con y. y s c ro lsr. sc ans a cuniy ol us srugl orconrol of noic sur us. y us r cog-ni in ir ror rogr sourcsr vaiabl n a ns of rois J inis s rois of c ol ora ors. hisralzion wic is a y o fruiion o a

rvlunary rocss bcos an ingra ascof nion's nds for us ul or co alindusr as id our couiy and a rof s usd for r consrucion o c Dni y wic indusry as blig.

Sur\l as is avoid orovr by -finig rs undr Hi c fns ill b ac c .Conro us b l and i us b docric

no in ns : ocl oliic acnan i s c ai alis is. s oin n organi zr il frunly run ino robl rocssof xliaion n dvision of abor has lfany worrs wi a sns of ir V inad qu c yAuhoriarin unins av add inishingouc . n H asd nrs H y in ry

o a ovr ns hy ofn anrd a


36/72

t

I

' : (pal lbt)

C r Y T

"IO d l.pHII hl 5, Aberl 1' , Gr DHol

'H9'" h CI 01 _Uu I s1 Z nb

I'r hr.: tbl Pr "

Th .1 Sr. e olu in


37/72

( 1f)

laO)

10< )

Al " ""' ," .u.".... \1P''nys, Of S \


38/72

e e ere oo op e or e o ru oe e e wy ey i epy e pre uy pi wee o ope or e.Spe i z io or epe o oder

iie e i o o e ie oeize pr o e proui proe. Bu uu pror u e w iuy o.

ee e y preio w oie e-ee i. e ie e pp Cee w up pp r eer r ey e wi e ii pe o eppi eir i y e euree e eii i ee ey pie ue

u i e . y pe epe pie uiue r e i w eer u uiy we eoyi ie i y ueu e ue o i e i i iey . uiy pe wee oi eiieie e ue pii ie- e u i i e i ue e i pi u e e e i

pu u e ii ieiee e i eey jeie ii-i pue eepie e y y pii- pre eu i e ie ei e e e i e e iip eue ie ee ew i ye were eiiiu eiy e eii wipe i e

ur i ei pi p-e ee i iei ii iy eeii e p e peeii ii iey e e e ie ee u e e ieei e e e e e e i e io i ee e ui pi-i ee e ue e e e uiey

e e pii ey uer pwe . e e we i e ye p e yi u e e e ry e

i i pe u e ee iie u e w e eery pere-ui ie i e ee w e oep i


39/72

7

of wh he oee ws ue seekg dwhou his prgc sreg eerged s ds- oe d d defes e re spose o s u o whi ch

our euer s coud o chege The probe of Hzrd ws d si is heprobe of he oee I i s per ie h eworgzig ciies ke ccou of hese experie ce s e he suff c ie kowedge dexperiece o be be o dere cocree soo sciis fro he process of srugge coui. Our ew sregies us be frued

i igh f he ew soci order which we rebuidg wihi e wob of he od

he iero oee of he reriowrd is copee ecipio s proesspecui r i he fw ig respec . r he fi rse i he hisor f ciiz e peopere expressig heir wi coscius d i

ppos i o o rug c s se s Bu h is w c be sisfied beod e iis f heexisi[ sse. ow he ss c o c qure d sregeis /i i he curse f e dd srugge gis e exsig sci rderh swhi he iis f cpiis scie. e e hd we he he s s o he oheris isric go oced uside f exisigsc ie e d we e e d o dsrugge o he her he sci reouiuc re he ers of he diecc cr-dici hroug wich e sciis oeees is w fows his ee bes dceb ckig bewix d bewee e w dgersb whih i is cos be ig reeed Oe

is e ss f is ss chrcer he here b doe of i s go . Oe i s e dge rof siig bc o he cdii sec; eoher he dger of becog oee ofburges soci refr s uxeburg The ussi eoui deiis r rx A rbor 961.


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8

/ REPLY: RVOUTIONA

NT-STRIKE STRTEGARK AO

hen I ben hi piece I w eped o wie apoin bypoin eply o . abi ne coen He

indeood y eon o wiing bou he enie y deiniio o he ubec e l nd ypol ii cl pepe c ie Bu i w no h i al hhe i ed y inen ion The i cle h ppeaedn he l ie epeed he hh o n o ' pen uch y own uggle w ih hi o - c l poble y o ig n l ape w 20 page inleh i wa condeed no n ic le by he

bo o die on he e ny o y conclionwhich pooed conoey ong ebe o he bod wee eoed in he poce The e uling p iece bine peceied o wel w a naie cu o i poliicl coien} n biguo copila ion o c w ih lighly neg ie oe h i wno he ige o he bec h wihed o coneyThe be eply c n e o Gab ine ' c ii c i i o eae y concluion bo en ie egy

Gbine eeed o hin h I w wiing bou he Hle Ren S ie lone n ipe ion pehapgge ed by he edi ed e io n B he eni oeen which I wa analyin he ciyw ide oeen in whi ch he Coni y C ounci l onHoing wa only one o oe gop ogniingJee Gy had only a ll pecenge o hebuilding on en ie aond he ciy - alhough he cei nly he oeen ce ne o in i i ie The oy o he en ie in -oled oe hn he deadicliion o heuniy Council on Houing


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/dpt d to hng s in own po it i thught inth ps t two s . I hop it pook s sm di s ussion of tti whih ight sti b d nff t i w pon for th ft

TIN N TH VT

9

T o th di nst th Nw Y ork R nt Str i kmust pp s ompt fiu in poitisttg mont imd t mssi sum hbii tt i on it wn r itu ff iti on of th sumdw s ights nd foms in n unnfo b

buidings od n nrgti dri to rdiith poo it idd nw ruits fo th potpog nd gnt xpimnts in indpndntpoit i s Th o poiti it ' ! hndd ndhnnd th potst tuning it into fomsw ih psntd no tht to th pttns of ownship nd ontro b whih sums r intindTh grt thms th strik i thos o its

di pcssrs, wr thwtd hs nd ssi oopttionFr this ig of fiu h on n

dw s igns of pt imi sm for th rdi strt gi st .Th ghtto popution showd b iingnss to ptiit in th momnt onsidring thquit d shi p t w o d . With thmjoit th iing don whit stdntsunfii with hosing wr r 0 buidingswnt out on stri ound th it tstin t ing of xpoittin tht n b tu rution whn ombind with pps to ns iusn s s . Th it dmin istt in o r showd nsidb insrit br its ini tr F d with th mot st s s ib iit mss ont in th htto it fumbd ntio nnr nnstrutur frs in its

ib bg . Thi s prpnsit o pni proids grt oppotn it fo th di gni r iths ind of disipind orgniztin t his dispos h n rt o th it whihno tditi n frms n b usd t pps .


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0

Th cron o cr, however,\ must no h m o h orgnr v on W le h rn r houd o provo h d vr on o undno u rh on houd rh -

on h dun o or prn o podu on nd comun y dv opn Th p o dmnd h rh on conrod ndd gnd h r ng comun , nd h t nnd y xdrn upon corpor th rhrhn orc nco Wthou nton o uchttr , rh on (whch h powr rucurgrnt grudgngy o od o o c conro,

y o uprvng h v o th poor whounr ng th r powr

oh ng coud do or to undrmn h ghto qu or conom c rngh nd cutur grty

A d rnt r u u d rup on nd trn -cnd t h m

Such ovt mh mor po ody hnt w our yr go h th x c p on o a \

rr th un ty Conc on u ng nn h rnt r orgnr h p o rrorm h r doog v on o h odC v R gh ovn c utr o nmn ndg hh provdd vry t undrndng ot ru ur o um nrhp nd ontro h prnpd rd n h mvn orovr hdvry t n th rvnc o tr on

po t p rp c v. hn Gry nd d c undr h gr o puty, thy ndndh r mph uon trutur trnt v Fouryr r nd ht rd n drnty h hv o t th r du h nrm nd cn prd h yp o rpon hpo t y m w m. o pr n hy hv cry dnd progr or chng drn rom

h o th r thnt, on rng oconro o( mun y dvopn, nd u ur nd onom ndpndnc Wh th nd o ph ooph rd c n orgn rn r whc h com- n tny h doog con ncy I n opportuy wh h hy houd con dr rou y


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\

I

1

NS N

he specfc pog fo dcl et stes ot soethg whch oe c spell out t hstypewte o s t soethg oe bodcsts tothe publ c But cet b s c gudel e s fo theuse of the tctc c be peseted o the bss ofou ext o of the et ste s h stoy ee e sx pcples whch I th tht ogzes sould follow f they wsh to e the stke effe ctve we po fo the left 1 et tkes should be ogzed o ctywde

b s s whe they e ogz ed t ll Ne thethe poltcl powe o the ogtolstblty eeded to bg stuctul efo cdevelop whe the stke s hghly loclzedets hestte to jo d dsupto s df-f cult to ogze he oveet wll be ubleto use olegl es effectvely uless t slge eoug to potect the te t s

2) he ste should boycot the cots d eeto esst evctos by foce ovolet o vo-let ot oly do cout pocedue s f l tobg ep s but they t e up the og ze s 'eegy ppewok sted of gtto dpolt c l educ t o ephs s upo es stceceses both the poltcl pct of the stked ts c but o o cou t so l ty

uthotes fd volece s the pce of st-to whle the couty develops sese oft s ow pe . e s stce t o evcto ws oeof the ost dtc tctcs of the ele etstes d ws usul effe ctve Ieghbohoods whee the uthotes fe otthee s o bette wy of cofeg a sese ofuge cy upo the et st ke s deds

2 . hs t ype of esstce ust be vey efullypled It eues ceful coodto ofsteet ll e s th poged ct o I soee ly t est c se s t ght be se to hve fewepty ptets eseved s cetve fotets to s evcto lthough I fd t hdto beleve tht ost cty dsttos wouldde to evct tet ghetto eghbohoodstht hve bee poltlly peped fo thecotgecy


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The re strke shoud see rehbto ermso he eed o rt cur e hborhoods Thouhe moveme shoud deeo o ctde bss ommze ts otc mc ech srk oce

shoud ded the rgh o dmser s o r-hb o rorm tke oer bu ds h reem oees ke d eorce stdrds o heh dse Th s es he strke m mum eson demds or c mm y oer d se deermto It coects the moemet ur hsses sch s cosumer rhs, oce rotecod schoo decer z o

4 r zers shod he soe d o ermencomtment to the commt hh hey ork. Ith e st ret strke, d s terested sudet Orkers 3de terrb e or ers The k d of eergyneeded to ed sces dc moeet ceson o cocree erso ntees thechgs ne dv tes he et strike orersshd evson themseves s evetu edes ot h p l o c ehtto roms soesmn o

the evento o neghbohod he n to ve e ct c shod be voded ness

thee

e re nmbes o oes ho he sch otook

5 nng nd oro JOrk for he strkeJOud en est yer dvce. or otes deg th ssues ths omex son y s d ssros eds drecy to

eomsm Sever o the tsks mosed by t ent stre reqre c reu er o

deveog the tst o the com otcyeduct enns rerg the comuty o resste ct ons d revetn coc essons ro s tt he movemet A cey successfu ret strkemoveet so requres sd hosohc dtctc bse

0 Some emhss shod be ced uo ubcty workd orzo mo hecor d orkc ss ens ous de h e gheto The o c success of he re strke my e deed uo ho s rece ed b y these rous Emhs th trehbo be ced rom roer es


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rther th persol coe t wll brg ot thecoo terets of ddle clss d lower clstetslkges whch re ofte veled by l-t t gto D sc s os o f ret corol bldg tece d tet gre vce cherys erve he se prpos e he foc s of the retstre st be the ghetto bt s progrshold be of ore geer l relevce o othe rgrops the ceter cty t shold be preseted potetl llce rther th chllege force whch c d ll tet sfferg froexpes ve d de qe hos g

I USIN

t hsy tctcl eth ke cler, ccefl ret sre reqres cosderble pro-es ol s fro t s dvoct es r ers tbe wlg to devoe er of work to he oveed s ber eoe lod o repoblty for

tctc ty chose he rd c r recod pwerfl wepo res tce volece d llegl y It coce b e ht hey bewelded who re selfdcple d repectfor h l fe

t f he rks d brdes re ret o rethe opport e s e of provo cr esfor rb goverets s wy of hleg cor

porte corol of he sl d devce forpoltcl edcto o ve scle the rettre h few prllel F reed fro t rer sof reforst setes c be or ot effectve wepo gst corporte doo of rbl f e

Soe poeerg ret tre wor og workg

cls d lwer ddle cl tets owbeg doe by gop clled The est SdeTet U o y of the thoght tht h veppered thee peces hve bee tltedby d cs o wth leder


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4

The Meaning of Debsia Social ism

PAU BU

ae enten The Delne Sal n era91? l25 . nthl eewr e 1967. 37 wthhrt ;0 .

eran ral ng n grale rrgnatnal r a t t bet berl an al n th ntr the tenfrge that th battle r e ha been fght be-re hat a l eent er f e an

flre n the relnr een hae entratele n tht t e le rne n t h t rane Je en te n ree nt wr ann e e ret ate t n when n b ataltaeent enen nfrn the anl n teran ral r 190 t 9 6 hallenge l l f t re he Slt art f gene V .Deb annt be gnre regrle f r ferene

f nerreat n hether the re en genert n frl et r rejet h hratera e te th the r t he ee anr t he een we n ll r wn

The Delne Sal n er 91- r l rt ant rkf raal hr-grh r exale e nte n ' nl theDebn Slt ar r 9 t 97 l bare

h nernal r le he r relat n w h en egre n le la ntellel TheQth ' te al erl n elete a f al leente b hrt are f rt lar tane D f lt a t fr nwt e l e e he al t art t t he ntanel an rael e 3 nglh n renlangage wee l n nhl bl t n Th


47/72

Appeal to Reason alone ad a weely laton oove 75000, and t was olloed by at least speodials o ove 5 0 ulat on . e Patywas abe to elet in 1911 soe seventyo ayos

o ote uniipal oeoldes and as late as91 sll mainaned seveneen.Wensten ass new lit on e ntenal

dynai s o te Paty ' s d is ineat ion 1919-191and te soialist inened aelao patieswi oowed in e 1 9 2 0 ' s

enstein aes a seos assat on te olden ni s onep ion o e o ial i st Paty s inenal

s uue . Wee as it as e en e quently ed atet evouionis ) Rit evisonis ) and enteatons we ea and oeen t auo deon-state s at s dis t int ons wee indeed du ious .Weeas Mlaee politiian Vito Bee oinstane eld a oe Maian view o e and pole tan te lew in al s o a ist s Bi Bi ll Hayood o t W looed oe to te patal

value o eleoal poliis tan es wo elievedit ad only edu a i onal w ot . ee e e indee dipotant issues ove wi a ea et" and itdvided t su ainaizin deseves eevaluat on tat oes eyond adi iona epites

Altou soiais wies ave olowed teo ial i st Paty et in eadin te Paty ' s oi ia atie sane as pais i and nonlass

oiened in a exletss as we as itwines spli om te aty eause i eused alon wi a vey ew oe soials paties inte wold ) t o sppo te wa And it is d i lto eonile taditional onepions o Vito Beew is 1918 e et ion illo ads in Mlwaee : HEL AE B APIALM AL EMANPEAE. RE HE PEPLE E MLAEE LEER .

VR L . BERER ER . We inste in as einded stat a o opletely sein o te ant-wa stane te soalsts oen ained eletoalv to i e s and new ebe s din te w a And teln las s e ll undest ood te e at vl aneottees nditents sppession o alnpeits all tis and oe as dieted aanst otspoen soilists.


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ei ste i s fai lure t stud the huht f eepplar scialst leaders i a ssteatic w castsse dbt up his eaig he fact that theScialist art did t prduce a utstadig

therists ad l a few cpetet es stil begs frexpaat i Mree r a c lse exaiat i f lc alad regial scialist paers ight shw a greaterdegree f disagreeet tha eistei has reealedThe Decie f Scias erica s als t seexte t ai str i c a i that it cer s seera p i dsi a scigical aer ad apears setes lie aseies f essas rather tha a cheret r

S D T

re iprtat i derstadi are certaiseri s di strti s his effrt t re the auef the Sciaist art he is atgether fir t thedstria rers the rd ig il ad ' scst itets he fee ls ex i sted he edges

s c t ere c dit s ere re b arbars[

adc reate a at ipath fr refrs ut fr awd ' st f ie te cstituets f the were t the berrers i ashigt ad the igratrtpicers the Sthwest the ere as theraied reigaguage wrers ere a rit f te idstr a r i c s s TheAerica Fderati ableaderSinte Sciaistart istei ss ere re atgized bd s attept s t i awa te rers r rga e i g is tha b h s c ac f sabte t a cref readig sciast peridics re-e as tat sch F f sc i al is ts as ax ae ser bitter ste tard the ! r the daf t s b it ad e re ssect t happ the ater charge t d is creit relt iari str ia i i s The eaig f the serrrs ca be ascertaied l b a discssi f theSc ial i st art i ist s ' abd ic at i f the i r rei rg i i the rga i e d hateer falt s re -tar da iis pssessed ca be laid at the dr thse siaists h red ith iddeclass adsied rers because the ted istead f it


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47

oegnangge and poo aboes wo ete odnot o wod no depend pon te baot bo osavaton

Wensten s adest at ose oegn

anage soasts wo e beeves dd notndesand Ae an ond on s ordng to steoy tese ops esponded ony o te ote Rssan Revoton and asey ondemned eAe an o s Paty s e st and re ois e ames tese Aerin Bosevs oronentaig te attenon on opean nsed oen aais and o i or a sp n te

pry we no s sp s eessary onso Weinsen s oroe e sueieoniions i de te ides o e orei-spe so i a s s popa en urope appearedo e ong p n revoio o oud oe o onenrae anaysis o tose impend revouionsWe nsei ' s s my o ourse e i yore is i is se esseiay uni

e o ia s Pry et s r i io or o radio s one ey ssue . ere ere noea rdiio o opposo o e oiis Pryeders te h ess who or spi ine ry wr dd rspod oy o Russeve s But oposo o or Berernd orri Hqui s eep i e ts o merso iis e W W eore s bh h

ocls o Pry osse oposd h iamrs prus o ocs rsm s . e opp s d o c s s a n i -s sl sd h o s Pry buse as srey oe d . s s.s l':soh o B i od 1 l'rCI eo u m e ,oh e l o t J

dc s v . rly h h s oerd ati:E!2 a d s s o disseers w e r o n rpiy h whch housds o evo i os expe ed in 99 dcs s d Pry ' s ru re s pparen eudesood h m .


50/72

8

I IAIM

Weinstein setis pprces n entirely uncritic psitin twrd Victr Berer nd te prli

enry stye s c i li sm . He t el ls n nec de ute president enerl Electric w viruslyppse l temps t discredit e cilist yr cenectey nd in ct reveled his desire t wrh in lve i wit te scilist But wt t e

t e instin s ps it in s tt here s nltrnive r n elected scilist icl ut e the st h situtin n pse ste

ecie cime in c lcl erchns cul prs-pr s n s sc i is s use n lcte p s in ruc ctiv prp n uctin r rers true cprmis e s me . Bu e in se inrs y ne xmpe c i i st myr s

nutr iy in si . lt in sr ir s nscs t ihu pc nrrec nd smshr y s Scs cs tr

e h rm rc mps r nr rr um r m cy r cr c y cs yr h ls h mcss ve si rrs wth hs unicip1 rrms rns u h s ry y wn h hrs h us l e rr h s s n h n i e s s y r huh cs scilis Bein t t r h mu is ccr r h hry v re . n stre cccins h i ss cin hh ns in rus s e s r usly ms h see r lsic thn ii r h x ecin

e c li s Pry ' s is er s i rchnrizin nd revunizin the urnie rersi s h cuse nd sy h Pry ' s ls ht inse n ire s c un rc th h st r cl myh he revluinry rndil e Prty sue y rerist eders Hillqui nd BrerW inst e i sws tt e e e rs ' cnt rl w s y nens slue inr cini ws enerlytl r e . But te leersip te Sc i li s P rty s unrune y nt e st iprnt p n hes riy te Prty pprenly sre te ei-litin miscneptin t sll scil rerms ulivily ed scilis.


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T R E G In te on n ts sonepton was as deady

to te powe o Aean oas as te ntepeta-t ons o te event s n Rs s a e seed o dde ass paaentas w e pon te eteond o an Aean tadton o opts andsess tdpaty epeents ay ave pe

detened ot te vast suesses o soastatat on and te Paty s e e ae to opeaten a od o Bosevs and oden eas.etany a aoty o the oasts eeted top oe ee oes t tey wee asoeneay ees o te Astoay o Lao osedeas ee eetons o ents aove and note o te et any a as s so a st ons os

ness te es o w ts onty as not seenaan as eated; t t as a peay opts t and nevot onay so a st ons osnes s

By oon to paaentay sotons tesoasts pepaed teseves o te oven-ent and pvate teos o te od Wa I peodMoe potant tey aso pepaed teseves ote evenaton o te oast Paty to te

as s ve t o te oe n anae edeat ons


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0

briel Kolo h ted the Socilit rt o191 ot the rt o 199: percetge o memberp i he oreiglge edertio hd hitedr 1% to 5 ith ccrret hit rom rrl

re o mj or idtr i re he Soc il im othe Deb i per i od h d lre d beg to di ip te the belie i coetiol democrtic procee hichderpied the ocilit electorl ccee detred i 917-19CO t b the meric Boheikbt b the erme d it hechme

lerl, the 99 plit i the Socilit rthch redced the mber o ope ocilit r oer

100 0 o e th 10 000 i to e r i the mj or ed he me r i c et ei te i h h he 920 , the p i did rel i er t cti c te r e er the ommi reect cpi ored i i, d crred eer ll hd the c l be ore hem heried eri eim hich ed o precpti h c d he probem o \ ec rc re herei correct d pre r e prcti c lleec e h the ere r decrt c perecte oeb> H d rer he probem or e bme r the 1919 l r jdeh pic Deb, Brder d er cle b e er

D O

he r jb rdic i to p the hle merc rdic cet d tr or le The re i c ce ohe e c e So.li merc i h i es s he recrd r e erid d hereb proe bi p w h c h t r e e hpe ht ithi ie er ch recrd o

he d c e the 190 , pr clrl be . Ut i he e ei ' rk e e c e b or or td Thrh c re preme d prcic eecie-e 1 c Q c hrh a ltedecred e jde r VD er.


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5

The tie i rpidy pprochig whe we ttr or dre o eric reotiory prtyit o rel ty . S gle i e cp ig re by the irery tre liited i e d i rdic hope topreet the detrctio o or orce by the

Keedy d their cohort they t erioly be-gi t o di c the tre trte y d t ct i c o pro j e ctd prty . The ipl i ct io o The Dec ieo Socii eric 925 go log wy iepi ig oe po ibe odel other de otyet ly der t ood i c ot i ed i the tr dit ioo tiprlietry reotioi which h ogr ercrret to the doit or o

oc i i . St il ore odel re cotied i therio or o e i i . We t di ect the edeig d copre the with or ow tertietriig or ew ythei o dytody gitt io or i io o oc ii t U S d or plto detroy the ei t ig power . Otherwi e we w iloo be orced to gie p o hope or the treo the ew et

A REPLY

J A M E S E I S T E I

hle reiew o y bo o The De cl ie oSocili i eric 9292 i ir d gee

o . pprec i te h i e t ite o the le o theboo d gree w ith h i j or trctr cr it c i cop et ed t he boo ie yer go i were writig it ow wold el ch ore ytet i cy w ith the thoght o the Prty eder .


54/72

5

Buhe ' s sub st ant ive cri i c i sms are wi de ranging thik they are mosty in error bu wi not repyo hem direcy because they a ow rom a dierece opinion over the reatie useuness o the

eperience the od ociaist party and o hendustr ia Worker s o the Word eaminedthe od ociaist pary because i was a mass move-e hat created a widespread consciousness osociaism as an aernative socia order or theUnite d Sta e s . As a resu o the arty s ct iiyrm 900 to 99 weiormed person in thiscoury cou escpe knowi tha capiaism was not

he y possie basis o soci orgaiation.c i a is s a s ci a i st ie as permeate d a so ci amovemes a miios persons sympathized withr supporte d he arty and it s pre s s he oociais pry ha revouionry ptetia becusei unerso ha is most essea jb was tocreae irs i thught a e way o ie n aur consciusness its ecessiy d possii- i y . O curse he ary s h my poeniay ekesses mtis t it osurvive o euh or us eermi wheher heshrcomis woud i c hve prve ata

cmpris he ws mrgina nd n-revu i oary . Buhe rue s h it w s o mari ecause Hywo viewe iusria workers s par he c s ituecy . u i oes t mater whatayo thouh ou thi s . ac he WW c oud

rey oy mirry umer wrkers miers andhrves hans Ony such rkers remaie WW memersr si i i c per i ods o t ime . Ony he coud ecue upon respod to a c or assistace pub i she i he dust ria rker . The stye o opera - i on o he W it s reusa to rin c o e ctiveyor si ctracts or se perios o ime itsisi r sabiity mde i impossibe or workers

wih miies those ivi i ciies nd t ied tohe i r hme s o remin members . WW member s wereree me oth i spiri and in their way o ie( which s why the WW is so appeaing t he newet u in hi hy iterted c ap iai st so c ietyoy margi a men ca be ree ndeed the


55/72

5 3

_ - : (T C: _ j = - s o c l r at i n _Thej'- i6lt f , 2 ) 'Cr j eb u y) rz IL ; ref:s . A cf n ab o a , g n J abf 2 : y n ; dL xacy v pr

was t P a rnary

c r bte 3 0 c s e g wrsuc n n n n nn dmand )

ore y n h o orker n ra n ny . Tr , n n u s s

p a n r dnd a nd n

HW n a nd k d n a a ad rk n rn ndr

Larn B n n cann n aprann m drp a -n pn c y dpnd r r n

ann n n y n rk r y HW d ad rk d n

ran z prnn a

Wn rnry n rr drpn

nary n ndry n

n n d rnry n

n rkr drpn nd a ndq

I n n r r nary nd

n n a nyr I kn d n r n n n n rnary nn d a dy

nn rkr n a r an n rkr S a n n

nn r n n p r ny r

-


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54

a gaizai ha emies a aumus ldvie . he evlui si ali sm eas a ed ehagig a ieime la i eu sus i see . eas ha li e i l e ga i edaud ividual ad leive ha is eaive

ad seul i ig . ay a he WW had suhudesadig . he he evlui s imply e a aase he aies m apiais e s . S iey ae he evlu i u eaie au he aies a ies ley he ius ia pleaia . Bu ha a sieyi hih he eessay iusia e ill evey sa ! Aeay i he i ed S ae s hee i s a

age lass pemae es h i heghe a i he midle ass hile mils meae egage i aseul ha il e eimiaeue s i ali sm . a s i a i s ed Saes hei a ha ay sa as he a pi ps evlu i ay s iey i e magia . i se a siey gaie aud ay ie is l ie use us .

hee ae higs a he epei- e . hampi e he ms ppe s sed gups es i as umpmisigy ppsed aisma i s iia i . had a ppe emp hes ae a api a i s ega iy . Bu aySiaiss ha hese .

Buhe implies ha i a he uy heSi ai s pay ai e ui s . The S iai s se ee hei eaive eah m he uiseae hem ppse he a ihu esyighe gai zai . ue hee he ui s eesey ie he pay ueauai seieesi hig hei gaiais as sge hae pi pes iea i alsm . he ieSaes may Sialiss p ui ies hse eai ee ive y sayig ih hei ui s . Buhe uis as he eae ha supp he

a e es y . Suh ae u i S i a i ssppe u he pay a eame pais ye hePay eause is auy as save heae is Eupea uepas . a s ale pp se he a a agiae amg he a a iee spie he s s hi gh ag u leae s


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I n ar m c ty or th I n prrncto th o Socalst party Bhl ctrs hs attaco th rl amtarsm o th So c al st s I am

o cors ot ar or arl am t r s . Btnthr am I ar aast artcato nl ct os . ha as a c s s ty o r th o arty j st as t ll b or a w o h t s ot s ctons as a catoal vc t s th lctoral procss as th roa topow r . hat as a b tat l s o a s wasshow n th as th whch so many ocasts lt as wl as rht mov o 1919 o armr-abor potc s hy so n th st o r ab gr vot throh c oat on a r at ona th at by thk that amabo rc- s wr hrtly soc ast or wol a tos oc a s m Bt th chan wa s r om a arty that hath potnta o vlopn a comprhnsv crto captalsm a altrnatv way o to onthat ha n t oly th potnta o a acct-

anc t lrst ocracy o a corporatstat o b trat

any Socasts ot hav th son thatpowr mh lss socalsm c o b won smpy byan a majorty. vn as arly as 190 Vctorrr nsst that a ac traston throhctons as ossb ony th a ly armp op at o . I vry work r ha a an knw how

t o s t h ar thn a So c a st t ak ovrthroh a ctora majorty ws a possbltyTh xrc o wartm rprsso mostratth ovrwhmn obstacs to ann a lctoramaj ort y n th ht o that xp r n c th artymht hav bn abl to cha ts prspctv oth o ran proscts o ctora work ha tnot bn torn apart by th spt n 99 rtany

thr as a traton wth bs at th cntr ot o v cto ral work p rmry as a maso t ach so c a c ons c oss s . h mrnc oth Sovts ht hav l a ut mrcan partyto vlop ts orm o pral ovrnntstrctrs.


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n ing ab B ' s appa s y d s ur ng Ta i s s n n d preariansm A w yas ag} p pdminanc nanasm amng yng ba mians new was cm a mdn es : g gan ing B nw a S as dw aciss w g ( amng ei wn ppwer y aways bnged ) s n ngr anexcu s r en s men e s n Y B pu swn S Ong amng sd rs ( n ac s y amng min r s amen wre s rw s an mcniss ) and n midd ass we gnrin r ign n B as B ams 53 prcn

e pay was n e fegn angag eeransn 99 an 5 peen wer n 1917 Tr wermany me re ign anguage S ai s s an su i s ry gan a s B mrempan w ac as s a a any n e as yea r w n asamed w y are As a r Dai s n s a a e Gardanmen a ws a e ience eween ng

a era an a aica ( s a s ) is e enween eeing giy abu e pprss sn e si n ne s wn m a mae s a rna s n dr ppessin b e dge c ns i usnes un dm Ta s wy \ e rai c as i s un amn suens rar anamn wrer s A i nar ca ss ns isne s s n a can asrb an ranscen e and cn p s n i s mr mpan n einiia saes uiing a eunary pay ane scia cmpsn pary In n run w ar mae r u n we w i a w n ndus i a w re s as w as e g we er s S w ud d S c a s py ae a a )an i was mng n a i e c i n ui ng d ar I

rse e S c i ai s p ay s n md e p ary a w mus c r e a B we a me

ean rm is sengs an wanesss an many er rn a n n u p as T e an w muss ca awa e ica a asensue d ur s ia s pas I pe m b wp sp sg mys and n a payseu e ae

.


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5

Re io nde

In p Jms Wn s n s ds gm s i myv s b Dlin Silism in

Ami 192-195, sm smm misndsndg my mning sd pps y my s s i l mpl pv my pin n p dins lin dinnins gninl pinipls d plly vldiy l l mpi gns

Wins s m s silly my mpi sn I W W nd S i li s y : m livs s dmd dspi isv ny nd l s in pss nsmn i s dsydW n s i n b l i v s I l ndsnd ns-viv ninism nd pillyvliy n py i n msld vi T s di si s lds sis my in ld l pl-i ni sm " nd my dmn in il s y

B my p s ll gl y 1 . W W R I i ndd dmns i - ils Silis y m i d n g iv d ps i iv l s s ns d TSilis Py 900919 s lmy ns i ild gni nsilld sin n ns b s i ild gni m ll T pblm mvm s p im yn i mvd l i l s l g nsilld ignlngg ld i n g in din mliy n m mnliy s diinl min m sm nd l l i sm W sld m si in im Silis Py m l


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re s o e y rom sue o orespe worers? I s repy o my revew Weseses e os ry ws up we s s srue Bu pry row me pre s e y se oreue eeros ( e euss eero w ese e s oo, e uers o mer reyese mes ue os ry m {ve r prmersm o eveop s ow rm pre verme sruures u se ve eores oer roeeor ps were me y e os ryeers s ure s I sr ere s e

e e s ry s osue oue e e ss s sre: smeme rs e e ev e revu o ru u eeu rp

I sre w ese e ee revou ry ss s ouse s s s more mor e ses u revury pry e s omps o e ry y

p s oeer oo oe e osry u sssusess u rer s sousess o o ue ese s sm s er ve rer or e ee s s s uses s s I eeve es e s s e s uoryb s e r e sru o revour ry

y er s o smy pepe msuer-s e r r mer u ee s esss ey w repe e smeeors We se e eve s u osms ere servve u s eeors ee e so seems me espy e pero we re o eeors ve r more ee oservsm s y m re o or e proem s ry ur r me ss e we ver s we e -e oy we e mer peope wo re uers spy o prur eres v r e e s s e Our s s o oe eeor oe e ess eess


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and t pde new isins abt paaentaypwe; ate we mst dsce new eans { edsce d means } f agtatn wtn a fame-w f gwing sefcnscsness and mass

n t i at ie twad s c a et i n

59


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60

The Wayward Ite l lectu

LEE LOEFI

atthew Jo sephs o i e i the emple : A emoi r othe Nietee hirties New YorKop, 9)

t is more tha a eeratio sice rai Do ose ve t capture the re s i e cy o the ite t at e s is New Deal proram prove iaequate i meeti thesocial problems o America Bt FDR ' s eperimetaea aae to attract a ioriately are mbero itellectas a socil plaers to Washitoe sec ia y uri h i s i rst term A ee has w i e circuate about this perio i America history, that

it was a re ec ae " a t ime whe may me o oo i l uwar i y eae i a irtat io w ith comm i sm t is o acciet that the term re ecae irstappeare i 9, ater the New Deal reorms ha beesaey absorbe a aother worl war crsae was ithe oi o coiciece that Daie e the hihprie st o Co War iberai m i sm sse the eera-tio o the hirties i his aous The o eooy

as itese hortatory aive s impi st c pas-sioate t ater the oscow rias a the Nai-oviet act , ise chate a reecti ve

ortatey may memoirs o actors a specta-ors i the 1 9 0 ' s are reary bei ubishe owhich more th reute the oicia versos o historythat C o Warri ors ie to i s semiat e . Er ic Gomahs trie to covice s that the irst te ears o

the C o War were the c ruc ial ec ae ot the leastvae o atthe ose p s o ew o o i e theempe : A emoi r o the N ietee hirt ies i s hi s impicit

ecaratio hat the hirties were reay the

vital years o the re ce t pst . hi le osephso spoitics ever eceee that o a ary boureos


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6

a st e ab seet s seeng m ed ntas t e s destns sew wte s and nteeas n e 3 s aeeet e and mtan ey ae smmed

ety wen Jsesn deaes Aean nteetas wee nee bs e ae By 4wee nteetas nt t mentin te eede sangy awated ante wa e as ts nene " ee J sesn den e s as "ean esdents n nm wee m n a nt ntnate Matew J ses nad anayes w and wy s dsass se

eents edWen te eat Deessn st MatewJse sn dd nt mate ay se e ad w ed ng eng n te stk aet dng te md2 ' s t amate eng s angs s b gae s and ws t s n at s st maket eeene te e st s ate s nt ats n Wa eet med m t wte s ams

stdy te se big snessmen e bbeBans at Bae 34 e dee s s n ddnt deess esna bt as te dtngnde e and te nseent beadnes neasede gew me and me angy e se aed abtssbe ems wt s negbs n Cnnea nty Cae s and May Be ad e st ma ng nday atenn nendsssns w te

Beads and ams wd ges ae ndy eaedb J ses n By 3 2 w as a t e wen nt nyta nteetas e Bead wee gwngest e b t t eay ee began t te st Jsesn maed se t Za w "ad etmse ee w ange eey mnng wen eead s newsae

C Jsesn seed as te ndeendent teay

ada n te mmttee w te Cmnst atyeated n 3 t da s manes e een amagn Ce and Css" n eas es se ate n n de C mments


64/72

Jephn reca hw he ary nssed n nserngch phrase a rgg ng as e and " re v narypreara n he ane . B he ne heaac reaned re Vebenan han Mar ren n . he aene he cap a s achneryad he need r radca epers capre and ans-r were re ed ven mre revea ng ab heare erary radcam n 9 s eph n ' re n he e y mch he pr e . Ane h rend p r any he wrer h were y eperamen hghy e g ca wapraccay he r me hey eer hgh a any-e heme e . Sme rmay sh pepe were

ed y g r her rev acn ha heycneed me revy agned ace nhe ae he re n On e r ed J eph regar are a dan eae a neary acry

a drear g r ne ye ne ha he men -ed h a me radan a he were an aryhran .

eph8 dd n cm he he ca

re ay ac r ha mae r ne e ca r . gnng he an e n 93a ar he hh n h radca acvye ha may he yne rer h ed erhap he na e eam e ddn hm Jephn rememer n 9 a cca-y d e ar and a aree h he hnan Sdney ha c ere ere e-

c e y a r pr e . hy me e ad epn qcky decaed hemee aana en ha neher n de nr n aae rnam he me (mt naby hemera arhae epre . eph n epre saarmer adma r h ew eaer han everd ce h ed dpy a re rhe ngh m 0 eynd mre dec

amera r he rean r her decgradca A arge ce e e reac re

e . cdec h 9 ad 95 he eph ad dmd n ed e he e n h e her


65/72

wn w omngy nmna ba Won a nod n ngd Tav In TwDmoa Hao a 1935 ) a ony xpn o ng Ra od y d

noon a o Unon a

nd Sap on da o o a m o p on ody by ad don o an Ro on ddopo o o a bd ananm aong o ad a k dny oo H aw a p on na \ a dng F a an y p nd a ana p n d o a o a a p on R a w op o w a aman W adg n d90 a a n n o B d n nn dn o a aan o a many n n og anangy nnpd Fo nn aon aa o a o ayan a w ogd o pan NwTamn bj xon n o poao Vgn ay o and o agan a p opaganda o y pod a k o n bay and a y

A FCM

n , opon od n Wn

op and wa d y ndn o o a m a R a a obd ao dpad po - a nay n mpon O' A n a ona o od b m oand oan o p on nd w n aw and an wa o goyng a ayw o a Wa ba a

a nw a a a ank apan a ok o bnng a pa on od o a n gn . " An a m ba a a o opon po no a o ona mn I wod gg a md donn a o a ddn a o o w n R a ad


66/72


67/72

d nenn Sns Lyss n9 B d n dd e ms nwd w sey sn ws mnmenynmessed by m w e Bs H s n me nd Lw s md d md

s nd s d d nk nd bdLs ns es w ey ssednenn by 198. B md s emn nd bn smes n eineess b eny nd my skJ ses n s d s Le s s e s we w sns s dsbd im seysne e m n esee d ny

ew yes bee seeminy ned e eny bnne . n s s symbJ s s n s b n 1 dede d de) eded ee s end d n s m ns k n e s s men I y e ken med nd s e nmy "B e ne m ed s e s ends b m key bes sesn

dd n e e Am d exs s n s nd n n s


68/72

i d the ibera s Go e ft ?

PAUL BU

'hi ack O s a opoay ho i c o h 3 ' sy aco owy. i y y Da ip

aoa(

.)

Souh iois ivsiy s s 6

a i wh w i ay uiy oo u-h suis is o h i h 93 ' s a i s ik ah Jos phs o ' s hav oy u oap a cocios o copoay wiis assu aa oac poi aw aia ovaua _os such coc io owy ' s hik

B s s vaua shs io o aspco 93 s aic ai s aos i y houh hiu o ook viws (which owy ackow wo a aj o o o a u v h s s . yo) u i sh oiiay i h w pu i c .

aco owy was o o h os siicaa icuas who ca cos o opua o caus s i h Dc a . ow y ha o p ios

o a poaiai vouiois h caiy h is i ca is ' o s s i haI ih sci as a hhy casscoscous

pyouis cic who iv ha hiss o y cass i cos aiac wih ho ia . h choooi c a pac o h sssys aks his vouio i h ca ca c a i h achyp o h o

o 4 h accus i s succssos oos a ws ha hos hy co i Kauskyo haov . aai i 9 owy ca H . } . s ik a suvivo o a phis oi c i a wa , ous ioc c &u i ap o h c n h ch w v i 9 h i ik o ,


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orman homas nry ord swad arr s on V llard Robr a and }nra Lonard ood o archa c" s aurns wh o a h bg nn g o a c or anddryr ag . os h r ow r o adaa on and

now xsd only as ar o a os Word odmca a ss l bras and commun s s Bu C ow y s volu on s no mor an or hm

alon . A h no s n an ou rhas h s s ory mgh s nd or many ohr s I I s h sory o agnrao o lbrals show ak bu alsov ry d rn ro h s o our m A s Cowynod n 2 1 3 crcsm o rosky was no h

roms o h rmann rouon ha broughbras no h s c am bu rahr h n lunc on h mdd classs o h ussan xrmn ; h sc ss o soc alsm n on conry h lbrals wr angrd no so uch by h casssruur as b h con nung s r o on rnnd v dal s n Am r a wh ch bu chrd h b rnorh and souh . ld o h gam wasd h

coal c rd h mn ho m n d o sond hs rams xhausd and rodd h r ch arland and ndd by layng our counry was Abroad hy

wr symbozd by Cowly who rd o ado aSan sh war orhan h r ro o o Am r c an nhumn -y was h sud and vcous rvnon o haado on And h r d a n ar was n o so uch arvou onary ar as a ruhu on . hror

sms naral ha whn h Sov xrmn wasdmd a alur hn mrca smd nggd nsocal annng brough abou by a crusad agansas c sm , whn n ov ss by h s cor urnd away romommun sm s o w ould h vas bu o br als .

Th s s no o s ay ha h vo u o on h aro owy and ohrs was sm or vn ly con-sc ous D s c ovr ng h r a naur o h roc s s

and r nng s m anng and s s ons o r oday w lb a os d cul ask Bu b ooks wy scocon mak avaab h rudmns of h rob o hos who woud no ornary oo hroughrmary !arals and hus cra h ossby hah ncssary larnng w dvo no only among ac o r o Movmn n cua s bu rahr amongal hos radal avss wln o uz som

o r sar by radng


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i

SUBSCRIBE !RA D I C A L AME R I C A c a n n o t y e t m k e e n o u g h mo n e y o n

b oo k s h op n d c h p t e r s e s t o s u rv i v e . I n o rde r

t o mp ro ve n d e x p n d p ro d uc t o n , we n e e d y o u r

s U b c r i p o n

3 f o r o y r 2 f o r S D N a t i o n l Memb e rs n g o o d s d n g$ 5 n d u p f o r s u p p o r i n g s b sc r p t n s( Vo l n o 3 i s c l l r' v i " b l e )

BULK ]We n ee d y o u r h e p t o d t r b u t e RAD CA A R I Ab e y o n d h e re c o f o u r c on t c t s n d d v e r seme t s I f y ou b e i e v e t h e m g z n e s wo r h r e d n g p e s e d n p c n g t n yo r c p e r g ro up o r b o o k s o

B u k r e s o re q u s M k e h e c k s t o ' R AD C A L AE R I C A : ;1 237 Sp g t t d s o n i s c o n s n , 3703


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,

h e n l y w fe l b r z e w

w n g r u l n U n f u n e y u v e r s n g pr u n s s n ue s e spe y h e e r y s g e s w e s r y u p e g n e r _s ty f u rrs s us r ug We p s e t r u l t n

radical america - vol 2 no 1 - 1968 - january february

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