r. lacey, suny stony brook phenix measurements of anisotropic flow in heavy-ion collisions at rhic...
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![Page 1: R. Lacey, SUNY Stony Brook PHENIX Measurements of Anisotropic Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC Energies 1 Nuclear Chemistry Group, SUNY Stony Brook,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649d355503460f94a0c42a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
R. Lacey, SUNY Stony Brook
PHENIX Measurements of Anisotropic Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC
Energies
PHENIX Measurements of Anisotropic Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC
Energies
1
Nuclear Chemistry Group , SUNY
Stony Brook, NY
for the PHENIX Collaboration
Arkadiy Taranenko
The 2nd International Conference on the Initial Stages in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions,
Napa Valley, California, 3-7/12/2014
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R. Lacey, SUNY Stony Brook
PHENIX VPHENIX Vn n Measurements at RHIC Measurements at RHICPHENIX VPHENIX Vn n Measurements at RHIC Measurements at RHIC
2
1) Introduction
2) Methods / flow and non-flow
3) System size dependence of anisotropy?
4) Azimuthal anisotropy in small systems: d+Au and 3He+Au at 200GeV
5) PID Vn results and hadronization at RHIC
6) PID V2 results: comparison with LHC
7) Conclusions and Outlookε2
ε3
ε4
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R. Lacey, SUNY Stony Brook
PHENIX Flow Measurements : MethodsPHENIX Flow Measurements : MethodsPHENIX Flow Measurements : MethodsPHENIX Flow Measurements : Methods
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1
1 2 cos ( )n nn
dNv n
d
n , 1, 2,3..,{ } co sn nv n n
Correlate hadrons in central Arms
with event plane (RXN, etc)
(I) pairs
1
1 2 cos( )a bn n
n
dNv v n
d
(II)
∆φ correlation function for EPN - EPS
∆φ correlation function for EP - CA
Central Arms (CA) |η’| < 0.35
(particle detection)
ψn RXN (||=1.0~2.8)
MPC (||=3.1~3.7)
BBC (||=3.1~3.9)From 2012:
- FVTX (1.5<||<3)
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R. Lacey, SUNY Stony Brook
PHENIX Flow Measurements : MethodsPHENIX Flow Measurements : MethodsPHENIX Flow Measurements : MethodsPHENIX Flow Measurements : Methods
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ψn RXN (||=1.0~2.8)
MPC (||=3.1~3.7)
BBC (||=3.1~3.9)
Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 062301 (2010) Vn (EP): Phys.Rev.Lett. 107 (2011) 252301
Good agreement between VGood agreement between Vn n results results
obtained by event plane (EP) and two-obtained by event plane (EP) and two-particle correlation method (2PC)particle correlation method (2PC)
No evidence for significant No evidence for significant ηη-dependent -dependent non-flow contributions from di-jets for non-flow contributions from di-jets for pT=0.3-3.5 GeV/c. pT=0.3-3.5 GeV/c. Systematic uncertainty : event plane: 2-5% for v2 and 5-12% for v3.
arXiv:1412.1038 , arXiv:1412.1043
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Recent PHENIX publications on flow at RHIC:Recent PHENIX publications on flow at RHIC:1) 1) Systematic Study of Azimuthal Anisotropy in Cu+Cuand
Au+Au Collisions at 62.4 and 200 GeV: arXiv:1412.1043
2) 2) Measurement of the higher-order anisotropic flow coefficients for identified hadrons in Au+Au collisions at
200 GeV : arXiv:1412.1038
Recent PHENIX publications on flow at RHIC:Recent PHENIX publications on flow at RHIC:1) 1) Systematic Study of Azimuthal Anisotropy in Cu+Cuand
Au+Au Collisions at 62.4 and 200 GeV: arXiv:1412.1043
2) 2) Measurement of the higher-order anisotropic flow coefficients for identified hadrons in Au+Au collisions at
200 GeV : arXiv:1412.1038
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R. Lacey, SUNY Stony Brook
• Eccentricity scaling is broken and v2/ɛ depends on the Knudsen number K=λ/Ṝ, where λ is the mean free path and Ṝ is the transverse size of the system. How viscous damping depends on the size of the colliding system / beam energy?
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Centrality dependence of v2 in CuCu/AuAu collisions at 62.4-200 GeVCentrality dependence of v2 in CuCu/AuAu collisions at 62.4-200 GeVCentrality dependence of v2 in CuCu/AuAu collisions at 62.4-200 GeVCentrality dependence of v2 in CuCu/AuAu collisions at 62.4-200 GeV
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σx & σy RMS widths of density distributionGeometric fluctuations included
Geometric quantities constrained by multiplicity density.
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ln n
n
v
R
ε
- Viscous Hydrodynamics
Slope parameter β″ is nearly the same for Au+Au at 62.4-200 GeV, but shows change from Au+Au to Cu+Cu at 200 GeV . Bigger viscous damping in smaller systems / different beam energy dependence?
PRL112, 082302(2014)
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Flow in symmetric colliding systems : Cu+Cu vs Au+Au
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Phys.Rev.Lett. 107 (2011) 252301
Strong centrality dependence of v2 in AuAu, CuCu
Weak centrality dependence of v3
2( )expn T
n
v pn
ε
Scaling
expectation:
Simultaneus measurements of
v2 and v3 Crucial constraint for η/s
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Centrality/Pt dependence of v2, v3 in 200 GeV Cu+Au
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- Clear centrality dependence of v2
- No Significant centrality dependence of v3
Same centrality dependence as seen in symmetric collisions: Au+Au and Cu+Cu
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v2, in 200 GeV Cu+Au vs Cu+Cu/Au+Au
10Phys.Rev. C84 (2011) 067901
The observed system size dependence of v2: AuAu>Cu+Au>CuCu originate from the differences in initial ɛ2
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v3 in 200 GeV Cu+Au vs Cu+Cu/Au+Au
11Phys.Rev. C84 (2011) 067901
The observed system size independence of v3 Is expected from the similar values of ɛ3
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Long range correlation in d+Au/3He+Au
12Ridges are seen on both Au-going and 3He-going sides
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The v2 and v3 in 3He+Au
The v2 of 3He+Au
is similar to that of d+Au
A clear v3 signal is observed in 0-5% 3He+Au collisions
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The v2 of and p in d+Au
Mass ordering for identified hadron is observed in both d+Au and p+Pb ---- consistent with hydrodynamic flow
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v2 of Identified charged hadrons Au+Au/Cu+Cu at 200 GeV arXiv:1412.1043
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v2 , v3 , v4 of Identified charged hadrons Au+Au at 200 GeV arXiv:1412.1038
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Scaling Properties of Vn Flow at 200 GeV arXiv:1412.1038
/2 n, 2, /2
vv ( ) ~ v or
( )n
n q T q nq
KEn
NCQ-scaling holds well for v2,v3,v4 below 1GeV in KET space, at 200GeV
2
2 2
( )exp ( 4)
( )n T n
T
v pn
v p
ε ε
vn is related to v2
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arXiv:1412.1038 , arXiv:1412.1043
V2(pt) shape if very similar for charged pions between RHIC/LHC: 10-14% difference
The difference in eccentricities between : ɛ2(PbPb at 2.76TeV) and ɛ2(Au+Au at 200 GeV) will increase the difference by 5-7%.
PHENIX ALICE: CERN-PH-EP-2014-104 e-Print: arXiv:1405.4632
Comparison with LHC ALICE Pb+Pb at 2.76 TeV : charged pions
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arXiv:1412.1038 , arXiv:1412.1043PHENIX ALICE:: arXiv:1405.4632
Comparison with LHC ALICE Pb+Pb at 2.76 TeV : (anti)protons
apply blueshift to RHIC data
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arXiv:1412.1038 , arXiv:1412.1043
Difference in kaons between RHIC and LHC looks complicated, especially the difference between charged and neutral kaons at LHC.
PHENIX ALICE: CERN-PH-EP-2014-104 e-Print: arXiv:1405.4632
Comparison with LHC ALICE Pb+Pb at 2.76 TeV : kaons
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Summary
• V2 and V3 studied in different colliding systems: Au+Au/Cu+Cu and Cu+Au:
– Similar magnitudes and trends observed both v2 and v3, independent of system
– Viscous damping effects appear to be larger for smaller systems
• The ridge is observed in d+Au and 3He+Au. – Similar magnitudes observed for v2– v3 signal observed for 3He+Au– Mass ordering observed; splitting less than observed at LHC
• The vn of identified charged hadrons presented as a function of pT and centrality
– Mass ordering for all harmonics at all centralities studied – Measurements can be scaled by generalized quark number
scaling
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Backup Slides
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A B
Geometric fluctuations included
Geometric quantities constrained by multiplicity density.
*cosn nnε
Phys. Rev. C 81, 061901(R) (2010)
arXiv:1203.3605
σx & σy RMS widths of density distribution
Geometric quantities for scaling
Geometry
Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University, QM2014
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PHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane ResolutionPHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane ResolutionPHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane ResolutionPHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane Resolution
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centrality (%)
n=2 RXNn=3 RXNn=4 RXNn=2 MPCn=3 MPC
n =
<co
s n
(n
(mea
s.) -
n(t
rue))>
200GeV Au+Au
PHENIX Preliminary
PHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane ResolutionPHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane ResolutionPHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane ResolutionPHENIX Flow Measurements : Event Plane Resolution
ψn RXN (||=1.0~2.8)
MPC (||=3.1~3.7)
BBC (||=3.1~3.9)
Overall good event plane resolution
for Vn measurements and study beam energy dependence of the flow.
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• Significant bias from near-side jet for |Δη|<0.5
• Consistent for larger Δη at pT<4 GeV
• Deviation again for pT>4 GeV due to swing of recoil jet
• EP method ( |Δη|< 2.5 with EP from full FCAL: 3.3<|Ƞ|<4.8 )
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Effect of rapidity gap on VEffect of rapidity gap on Vn n measurements at LHC measurements at LHCEffect of rapidity gap on VEffect of rapidity gap on Vn n measurements at LHC measurements at LHC
J. Jia [ ATLAS Collaboration ]
QM 2011
ATLAS AN: http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/13524588
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• Significant bias from near-side jet for |Δη|<0.5
• Consistent for larger Δη at pT<4 GeV
• Deviation again for pT>4 GeV due to swing of recoil jet
• EP method ( |Δη|< 2.5 with EP from full FCAL: 3.3<|Ƞ|<4.8 )
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Effect of rapidity gap on VEffect of rapidity gap on Vn n measurements at LHC measurements at LHCEffect of rapidity gap on VEffect of rapidity gap on Vn n measurements at LHC measurements at LHC
J. Jia [ ATLAS Collaboration ]
QM 2011
ATLAS AN: http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/13524585
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Differential v2(pT): Comparison with STAR Multi-particle methods
Ratio V2 {STAR} / V2{PHENIX EP} < 1.0 for 4p cumulant and LYZ method .
LYZ : Lee-Yang-Zeros Method
Lee-Yang-Zeros Method4p cumulant method
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Elliptic Flow Measurements V2 (pT , centrality) in PHOBOS/STAR/PHENIX
TPC FTPCZDC/SMD
FTPCZDC/SMD
η
Central Arms BBC/MPCBBC/MPC ZDC/SMDZDC/SMD
|η| < 1.3
|η|<0.35η
2.5 <|η|< 4.0 |η| > 6.3
3.1<|η|<3.7
RXNRXN
|η| > 6.61.0<|η|<2.8
3.1<|η|<3.9
STAR
PHENIX
2.05<|η|<3.2η
EPEP
PHOBOSη = 0-1.6
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Elliptic Flow of Charged Hadrons: Au+Au at 39-200 GeV
No significant change in v2(pT) for √s = 39 -200 GeV !
Precision DataPrecision DataPrecision DataPrecision Data
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PHENIX: Extensive anisotropy DataPHENIX: Extensive anisotropy Data
Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 062301 (2010)
High precision double differential measurements
Phys.Rev.C81:034907,2010
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• KET/nq< 1GeV – soft physics
Hydrodynamic flow
•Interplay soft-hard 3.0 < pT< 5 GeV/c ?
•Hard dominates: pT> 5 GeV/c
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PHENIX Preliminary
PHENIX Preliminary
KET & nq scaling validated for v2 as a function of centrality
Flow scales across centralityFlow scales across centralityFlow scales across centralityFlow scales across centrality
PHENIX PreliminaryPHENIX Preliminary
PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary
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VV44 : A Small, But Sensitive Observable For Heavy Ion Collisions : A Small, But Sensitive Observable For Heavy Ion Collisions
Do we have qualitative agreement ? Answer is : YES!!!
J.Phys.G35:104105,2008,J.Phys.G36:064061,2009
PHENIX: QM 08, WWND 08, DNP 08, QM 09 STAR: WWND 09, QM 2009
STAR preliminary
STAR preliminary
V4 ~ k * (V22) – very small signal
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Are Flow Measurements at RHIC Reliable?: PHENIX / PHOBOS
from PHOBOS QM06 proc. J. Phys. G34 S887 (2007)
EP{2}EP{1}η
PHOBOS EP: 2.05<|η|<3.2
Overall good agreement between differential flow measurements
EP: 1.0<|η|<2.8
EP: 3.1<|η|<3.7
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Are Flow Measurements at RHIC Reliable?: PHENIX / STAR (2)
For 0-20% central collisions STAR V2 > PHENIX V2 :
Is rapidity gap in STAR TPC too small ? Need detailed comparison with STAR FTPC results (2.5 <|η|< 4.0 )
Do we have the same centrality definition between experiments?
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V2{EP} – standard EP method
V2{EP2} – modified EP method
EP-StarEP-Star
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Are Flow Measurements at RHIC Reliable?: PHENIX / STAR (1)
Overall good agreement for mid-central collisions with STAR results obtained using modified EP method ( exclude |Δη|<0.5 )