Qur’an 33: 45-46:

1. Witness (shahid)2. Bringer of glad tidings3. Warner4. One who invites5. Lamp (recalls Lk 2: 32?)

Qur’an 4: 79: Sent to instruct

Muhammad is…

Qur’an 3: 144: More than a messenger

Qur’an 52: 29-31: Soothsayer, poet,possessed by jinni (genie)

Qur’an 7: 157: Literate (is ummi, alsomeans “Gentile,” “Arab” or “ofnatural state of group of people towhich belongs”)

Muhammad is not…

Qur’an 4: 163-64: Successor to earlierprophets

Qur’an 7: 157: Fulfillment of earlierscriptures

mustafa = “chosen one”Ahmad, from h-m-d

Qur’an 61: 6: Predicted by Jesus

Muhammad is…

Qur’an 53: 1-11: Emphasis on truth ofmessage and power of Gabriel

Qur’an 73: 1: The process of revelation

Validating Muhammad

Qur’an 3: 144: Battle of Uhud (625)

Qur’an 17: 1: The mi‘raj (miraculousnight journey on al-Buraq)

Muhammad’s Life in the Qur’an

Qur’an 49: 1-3; 4: 80: Precedence incommunity

Qur’an 93: 6-10: Orphan background

Qur’an 4: 163; 33: 45; 46: 9; 93: 1-11; 80: 1-11:God’s relationship with Muhammad

More on Muhammad