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Quality of Service Fundamentals 02 nd March , 2016 Ananth B.S

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Page 1: Quality of service

Quality of Service Fundamentals

02nd March , 2016Ananth B.S

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2

Agenda1. What is Quality of Service?2. Why do we need Quality of Service?3. Traffic Characteristics 4. QoS models5. Intserv or Integrated Services6. Diffserv or Differentiated Service7. Qos Tools

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3

What is Quality of Service?Quality of Service is needed to implement “Managed Fairness” or “Managed Unfairness”Managed Fairness : So that Business Critical Traffic gets precedence over Non Business Critical Traffic Lets demo it :

Open “What is Qos?” Packet Tracer Activity

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4

What is Qos?Most of today’s applications are dependent on the network.Each of these applications have some requirements from the network If these requirements are not met then the end user is not satisfied. In the networking world – these requirements translate into1)Connectivity 2)Security 3)Availability 4)Performance

Open Application Requirements Packet Tracer ActivityWe will concentrate on the performance from the network and not application related performance(like fast execution of code, SQL queries execution)

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5

Cuando se requiere configurar QoS• a) Ancho de banda escaso: • b) Alta latencia (delay): La latencia total en un enlace es la suma de los

siguientes• componentes:• - Tiempo de procesamiento• - Tiempo de serialización• - Encolamiento• c) Pérdida o descarte de paquetes

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6

Why do we need QoS?Traffic in an Enterprise network can be classified as (Not a complete list)1)Voice traffic2)Streaming Video3)Interactive Data4)Bulk Data 5)Other traffic Each type of traffic has different requirements

Bandwidth ,Delay ,Jitter and Packet LossTo manage the traffic flow in such a way so that the end user of each type is satisfied is Quality of Service Open Traffic Characteristics Packet Tracer Activity

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7

• buena calidad de voz en un enlace se requiere:• - Latencia: menor o igual a 150ms* en un sentido.• - Variación en latencia (jitter): menor o igual a 30ms en un sentido.• - Ancho de banda fijo garantizado dependiendo del codec.• - Pérdida de paquetes: menor o igual al 1%.

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8

Traffic CharacteristicsVoice: Low bandwidth, low delay ,low jitter and low packet loss Video : High bandwidth , low delay ,low jitter and low packet loss Signaling : low bandwidth, low delay, low jitter and medium packet loss Interactive data: low bandwidth, low delay, medium jitter, medium packet lossBulk data :High bandwidth, high delay ,high jitter and high packet loss

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9

QoS modelsNo QoS or Best effort Service Intserv or Integrated Services Diffserv or Differentiated Services

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10

Best Effort Es el modo por defecto. No existe diferenciación entre un tipo de tráfico y otro; no hay garantía en la entrega de paquetes ni ancho de banda reservado.Fuera de las desventajas es altamente escalable y fácil de implementar; es muy utilizado actualmente para tráfico de Internet.

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11

IntservPermite definir todos los parámetros de calidad de servicio deseados con exactitudde extremo a extremo antes de iniciar la transmisión de datos. El ancho de banda y la latencia están garantizados y reservados deantemano, sin embargo, esta reserva hace que el ancho de banda no utilizado no pueda ser usado por otras aplicaciones y se desperdicie.El mecanismo que emplea este modelo en Cisco se llama RSVP (encombinación con LLQ y WRED);

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12

DiffservPermite clasificar el tráfico y brindar a cada clase los requerimientos decalidad de servicio que necesite. Los recursos de QoS solicitados noestán 100% garantizados pues se van obteniendo conforme el tráficova cursando la red, sin embargo este modelo es más utilizado queIntServ actualmente, por su alta escalabilidad y la cantidad deniveles de calidad de servicio que ofrece. Además, la reserva deancho de banda es dinámica.

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13

Qos Tools:Classification and Marking • Tools used to classify traffic so that other QOS tools can use the classification• Classification can be done by observing Layer 2 or 3 or 4 or 7 parameters • Classification is processor intensive so if the classification process can “Mark”

the packet then it will be easy for other QoS tools to use this marking • Marking can be done dot1Q header or IP TOS byte or MPLS experimental bits• If dot1Q header is used then the marking is called as COS class of service• If first 3 bits of TOS field in IP header is used then it is called IP precedence• If first 6 bits of TOS filed is used then the marking is called DSCP DSCP = Differentiated Services Code Point Please open Classification and Marking Packet Tracer Activity

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14

QoS Tools :Queuing or Congestion Management ToolsHardware Queue – Tx RingEvery interface has hardware queue.If the hardware queue is full then the packet is queued in software queue(s)If the hardware queue is “NOT” full then packet directly enters the hardware queue and sent across the interfaceThe default queue is FIFOOther queuing mechanisms are 1)Fair Queue2)WFQ (Weighted Fair Queue)3)CBWFQ ( Class Based Fair Queue )4)Low Latency Queue or LLQ (Please open Queuing Mechanisms Packet Tracer Activity)

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QoS Tools :Congestion AvoidanceWRED :Weighted Random Early Detection

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Other Qos ToolsPolicing Shaping Link Fragmentation and InterleavingCompression

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19

Mecanismos de calidad de servicioa) Clasificación y marcado de paquetes (MQC): Consiste en agrupar en clases paraaplicar en ellos diferentes políticas de calidad de servicio y/o marcarlos para luego identificarlos en un proceso de QoS posterior.b) Manejo de la congestión: La clasificación de paquetes permite repartir el tráfico en distintas colas (según la técnica de encolamiento utilizada) para que cada tipo de tráfico sea tratado en forma distinta, según su prioridad. Existen principalmente las siguientestécnicas de encolamiento:- FIFO (first-in first-out)- Priority Queuing- Custom Queuing- Weighted Fair Queuing- Class-based Weighted Fair Queuing- Low-latency Queuing

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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20

c) Evitamiento de la congestión: Este mecanismo permite evitar lasaturación de la cola de salida de las interfaces, de manera que nohaya necesidad de que el enrutador encole los paquetes. Lo hacemediante el descarte temprano de paquetes de baja prioridad(Random Early Detection / Weighted Random Early Detection).d) Políticas de tráfico: permiten limitar la tasa de transferencia depaquetes para descartar, encolar o marcar el tráfico de exceso.e) Compresión y fragmentación: sirven para hacer que los enlaces WANsean más eficientes, haciendo un mejor uso del ancho de bandadisponible.

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Thank you.