px production - three technology differentiators · lummus technology 3 bp px technology...
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LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY
pX Production - Three technology differentiators
2 LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY
Paraxylene Introduction
• Isomer in the mixed C₈ ylimaf scitamora
• Para, Ortho, Meta & Ethylbenzene
• Primary feedstock for PTA
• PTA feeds the polyester fiber market
• 50 M Ton Annual Market
• 5%-7% Growth
2 Primary Commercial Routes
Vaporization Freezing
Selective Adsorption Crystallization
Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology
38.5
82.2
0
50
100
Heat of Fusion pX Heat of VaporizationpX
He
at
(kca
l / k
g)
pX Phase Change Data Properties, °C
Freezing Boiling
pX +13 138.4
oX -25 144.4
mX -48 139.1
EB -95 136.2 2 x Global GDP Growth
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BP PX Technology Differentiators
More advanced process scheme using crystallization as opposed to the conventional adsorption/desorption
No oxygen stripping or clay treating for imported feeds
No proprietary equipment
No adsorbent/desorbent or makeup chemicals
No Special control system required (ACCS)
No stringent C7/C9 feed specification
No large spent clay disposal
No long turnaround due to adsorbent replacement
No noble metal catalyst
No single equipment risk to shutdown plant
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BP PX Technology Differentiators
OPEX advantage up to $40-70/MT pX over SA
Easily expandable – modular process
>99 % process reliability
Longer Equipment (Crystallizers/Centrifuges) life vs. Adsorbent life
10 year min. catalyst life
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Focus of this presentation
Feed Flexibility
Feed Pre-treatment for different feedstocks
Low CAPEX Driver
Low Pressure Fractionation
Low OPEX Driver
Heat of Fusion
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BP Paraxylene Double Reslurry Technology - Key Facts
Xylene Isomer Molecule
Boiling Point °C
Freezing Point °C
Paraxylene 138 +13
Orthoxylene 144 -25
Metaxylene 139 -48
Ethylbenzene 136 -95
Crystallization exploits differences in freezing points.
Selective Adsorption technologies employ solid zeolitic adsorbents (molecular sieve)/desorbent and distillation between desorbent and xylenes.
Selective Adsorption
Crystallization
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BP / Lummus pX Technology
pX
Product
Isomerization
Fractionation
Crystallization
By-products
pX Lean Recycle
Heavy Reformate/
Mixed Xylenes Feeds
pX Rich Feed (>80%)
from STDP or TM
C8A
Hydrogen
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C8 Heart Cut from Pygas Hydrogenation
• Feed Bromine Index ~ 200
SA requires Clay Treating
No pretreatment required for Crystallization
Import C8
• Dissolved Oxygen
SA requires Oxygen Stripping
Oxygen specification in feed to adsorption is 1 ppm
No pretreatment required for Crystallization
Low pressure Xylene Column
Feed to Crystallization is side draw
Feedstocks Flexibility
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Xylenes from Toluene Methylation
• Oxygenates in C8 Cut
SA requires Oxygenate removal
Crystallization: Oxygenates “no worse” than other C8 Isomers
No pretreatment required
Feedstocks Flexibility
LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY
Low CAPEX – Low Pressure Fractionation
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Fractionation for Crystallization
Xyle
ne R
eco
very
Light Ends H2
Crystallization
Section
Isomerization
Heavies [C9+]
pX
pX lean ISOM Feed
Heat Integration LP Xylene Recovery
Mixed
Xylenes or Heavy Reformate
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Fractionation for Selective Adsorption
Xyle
ne S
pli
tter
Light Ends
H2
Sta
bil
izer
Selective
Adsorption
Section
Isomerization
Heavies [C9+]
pX
SA
Fractionation
Section Desorbent +
mixed Xylenes
pX lean ISOM Feed
Heat Integration
Stringent Feed Spec
Heavy Aro. :< 500 wppm
Benzene : < 500 wppm
Bromine Index: <20
Oxygen : <1 ppm
Many other impurities
Oxygen Stripper/clay
towers for imported
feeds LP & HP Xylene Splitter(s)
(High Pressure 6 ~ 15 kg/cm2G)
Mixed
Xylenes or Heavy Reformate
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Low CAPEX Drivers
Lower Fuel Consumption
Reboiling using Steam possible
66% Reduction in Flare system
BP PX Steel Requirements 1/8 of
SA
Reduced xylene separation
equipment count
Selective Adsorption
Separate stabilizer / xylene
splitter
SA Xylene Splitters:
Large steel weight
Proprietary trays
Limited expandability
Logistics issues: special
transport & lifting
considerations
BP PX
Combined splitter / stabilizer
Steel weight: 1/8 of SA Unit
Key Drivers
Low Pressure Xylene Recovery
Crystallization Feed Less stringent spec
Reboiler duty ~ 10 – 20% of SA Unit
Vapor side draw heat integration
No oxygen stripper or Clay Towers
LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY
Low OPEX – Heat of Fusion
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Double Reslurry Crystallization
Refrigeration power
requirement
Reslurry
Crystallization with
improved
refrigeration
(present day)
+55% Reduction
Double reslurry
crystallization + 50% Reduction
Traditional 2 stage
crystallization Base
pX product
Xylenes
pX lean
xylene
Double
Reslurry
pX
Crystallization
Centrifuge
Centrifuge
Paraxylene is recovered as 99.8%+ product via double reslurry Crystallization
and other xylene isomers (oX/mX) and ethylbenzene are fed to isomerization
Double Reslurry Crystallization
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Energy Advantage with Double Reslurry Technology
Freezing is much more favourable and
efficient than boiling thermodynamically
53% lower
As of 2017 Fuel $/MT pX Power $/MT pX Total $/MT pX
Crystallization Base Base Base
Selective Adsorption
(SA) (EEAC for HD
and LD system)
Base + $20 Base - $8 Base + $12@ ME
Base + $60 Base - $ 12 Base + $48 @ SE Asia*
Energy reduction with double reslurry Crystallization
and optimized Refrigeration
One low pressure xylene recovery/ stabilizer
column with lower reflux due to high feed
impurity (heavy aromatics) tolerance to
crystallizer
Fuel Electricity
Middle East (ME) $16.3/ MMKcal $60/MWh
SE Asia, China $48.5/MMKcal $83/MWh
Because fuel use is much lower,
environmental emissions are also
much lower
0
50
Heat ofvapourisation
Heat offusion
Hea
t, k
ca
l/kg
*Information from Hydrocarbon Processing January 2018, Maximizing Energy Efficiency in Paraxylene Production-Part 2
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Differentiators Summary
Highly flexible for processing alternate feedstock
Pretreatment not required for most feedstocks
Low Pressure Xylene Recovery reduces CAPEX
Less plot space
Lower environmental emissions
Smaller Flare
Capacity > 4 million MTA pX with single train Xylene Recovery Column
Highly energy efficient process
Able to counter 65% per pass recovery
Less plot space
Lower environmental emissions
Smaller Flare
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Best Petrochemical Technology Awarded by Hydrocarbon Processing
