puget sound oceanography: estuarine processes
DESCRIPTION
Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes. OCN 506C/497C Winter Term 2011 Parker MacCready & Julie Keister http://faculty.washington.edu/pmacc/Est2011/Estuaries2011.html. Class Structure & Expectations. Lectures MWF 11:30-12:20, OSB 425 Also labs and Guest Experts - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Puget Sound Oceanography:
Estuarine ProcessesOCN 506C/497C Winter Term 2011Parker MacCready & Julie Keister
http://faculty.washington.edu/pmacc/Est2011/Estuaries2011.html
![Page 2: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Class Structure & Expectations
• Lectures MWF 11:30-12:20, OSB 425• Also labs and Guest Experts• This Wednesday: meet at the Old Ocean Building,
ground floor, for the Puget Sound Model• Reading, Discussion, Short Response Essays (1-2
pages) 60%• Final Project – paper (5-10 pages) and
presentation 40%• Undergraduates: no final talk?• There is no final exam
![Page 3: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
You
• Please email us with (1) a short description of your oceanography background, and (2) a sentence or two about why you are in the class.
![Page 4: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Puget Sound Basins, Sills, Rivers, Stratification, and
Mean Currents
Getting to know the Sound
![Page 5: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Names• Strait of Juan de Fuca• Admiralty Inlet• Main Basin• Whidbey Basin• Port Susan• Tacoma Narrows• Colvos Passage• South Sound• Hood Canal• Lynch Cove
![Page 6: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Names• Strait of Juan de Fuca• Admiralty Inlet• Main Basin• Whidbey Basin• Port Susan• Tacoma Narrows• Colvos Passage• South Sound• Hood Canal• Lynch Cove
![Page 7: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Names• Strait of Juan de Fuca• Admiralty Inlet• Main Basin• Whidbey Basin• Port Susan• Tacoma Narrows• Colvos Passage• South Sound• Hood Canal• Lynch Cove
![Page 8: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Names• Strait of Juan de Fuca• Admiralty Inlet• Main Basin• Whidbey Basin• Port Susan• Tacoma Narrows• Colvos Passage• South Sound• Hood Canal• Lynch Cove
![Page 9: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bathymetry• The Sound is a system of deep
basins linked by shallow sills• Glacially carved to 600 m• Filled in by sediment to 200m
![Page 10: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cross-sectional shapes• Steep sidewalls (1:5)• Narrow constrictions
Juan de Fuca
![Page 11: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cross-sectional shapes• Steep sidewalls (1:5)• Narrow constrictions
![Page 12: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Cross-sectional shapes• Steep sidewalls (1:5)• Narrow constrictions
![Page 13: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Watersheds
• Skagit and Snohomish have much of their watershed in the Cascade mountain range
![Page 14: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Rivers• Data from USGS gauges• High flow period during the winter due to storms (direct rain)• High flow during the spring due to snowmelt (the “spring freshet”)• Biggest rivers flow into Whidbey Basin (Skagit and Snohomish)• Total for Puget Sound averages 1000 m3 s-1
• Average for the Fraser River (Georgia Strait) is 4500 m3 s-1
![Page 15: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Stratification• Density is mostly controlled by salinity• Stagnant basins are more stratified,
especially near the surface
Juan de Fuca
South Sound Whidbey BasinHood Canal
Main Basin
![Page 16: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Tidally-Averaged Current
• The observed along-channel flow is mostly “two layered”
• Surface flows out, deep flows in• In and out transport it MUCH greater than
that due to the rivers alone!!!
Juan de Fuca
Main Basin
South Sound Hood Canal Whidbey Basin
There is a strong mean northward flow at all depths in Colvos Passage, balancing net southward flow in East Passage (clockwise circulation around Vashon Island)
![Page 17: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
BLANK
![Page 18: Puget Sound Oceanography: Estuarine Processes](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/56814d69550346895dbab4b1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Map• Cokelet et al. (1990)