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TRANSCRIPT
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2010
, , “ ”,
“ – II” .
“ - ”
: . ( , ) . . . . . .
: . (PhD) . ( , ) ADMON .
25.5 A5
2010
, ,
,
1. , 1.1 . , MNS 5914 : 2008 1.2
MNS 5915 : 2008 1.3 , MNS 5916 : 2008 1.4 .
MNS 5917 : 2008 1.5 . MNS 5918 : 2008 1.6 , , .
MNS 5851 : 2008 1.7 .
MNS 5606-1:2006 1.8 . ,
MNS ISO 14001 : 2005 1.9 . , ,
ISO 14004 : 2005 1.10 ( ).
( ) MNS ISO 14015 : 2002 1.11 ( ) -
ISO 14001, ISO 14004 MNS ISO/TR 14061 : 2002 1.12 - . , , MNS 5600 : 2003 2. 2.1 . . MNS 0017-2-3-16 : 1988 2.2 .
. MNS 3113 : 19812.3
MNS 5457 : 2005 3. 3.1 . . MNS 4047 : 1988 3.2 . MNS 4586 : 1998 3.3 . . . MNS 4943 : 2000 4. 4.1 . ,
. MNS 3297 : 1991 4.2 . . MNS 3298 : 1991 4.3 . ,
MNS 5850 : 2008 4.4 . .
1- MNS ISO 11269-1 : 2002 4.5 .
2- MNS ISO 11269-2 : 2002 4.6 ,
MNS 5546 : 2005 5. , 5.1 .
MNS 4588 : 2008 5.2 ,
MNS 5927 : 2008
6. 6.1 -
MNS 5013 : 2009 6.2 -
MNS 5014 : 2009 7. . 7.1 . MNS 1796 : 1973 7.2 . .
MNS 3580 : 1983 7.3 ,
, MNS 5973 : 2009 7.4 .
MNS 5974 : 2009 7.5 . MNS 5693 : 2006 7.6 . MNS 5786 : 2007
, ,
, .
,
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.
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2003 05 15-
,
1 .
1.1. , , , , ,
.
2 . ,
2.1. ,
1, .
2.2. , .
3 .
3.1. :
3.1.1. “ ” , , / " " /-
, , , , , , ;
3.1.2. “ ” ,
, - ;
3.1.3. “ ” , ,
, ; 3.1.4. “ ” , ,
, , ;
3.1.5. “ ”
, , ; 3.1.6. “ ” ,
; 3.1.7. “ ” ;
1 Ìîíãîë Óëñûí ¯íäñýí õóóëü-“Òºðèéí ìýäýýëýë” ýìõòãýëèéí 1992 îíû 1 ä¿ãýýðò íèéòëýãäñýí
3.1.8. ” ” ;
3.1.9. “ ” ,
; 3.1.10. “ ” ,
; 3.1.11. “ ” , , , ,
, .
4 . ,
4.1. , , , , ,
, , , .
4.2. :
4.2.1. , , ; 4.2.2. ; 4.2.3. , ;
4.2.4. , , , ;
4.2.5. ;
4.2.6. , ;
4.2.7. ;
4.2.8. , .
5 . 5.1. : 5.1.1. / “ ” / ;
5.1.2. 9.1, 9.2- , , , ,
;
5.1.3. .
6 .
6.1. , , , .
6.2. , , , .
6.3. 6.2- .
6.4. .
6.5.
.
6.6. ,
. 6.7. , ,
.
7 .
7.1. , ,
/ “ ” /- , , , .
7.2. , :
7.2.1. , ,
;
7.2.2. , , ;
7.2.3. , ;
7.2.4. , ,
; 7.2.5. ;
7.2.6. , .
8 .
8.1. , .
8.2. ,
. 8.3. , , ,
, .
8.4. ,
.
8.5. 8.2- , .
9 .
9.1. , , , , , ,
, , .
9.2. , ,
, , .
9.3. , , 6.5, 9.1, 9.2- ,
. 9.4. 6.3- , ,
.
10 .
10.1. , , ,
,
. 10.2. . 10.3. ,
. 10.4.
, .
10.5.
.
10.6.
.
11 .
11.1. , .
11.2. , , , , , , ,
, , , - , . 11.3. , 11.2- , , , , , , ,
.
11.4. , , .
12 . , ,
12.1. , , ,
.
12.2. , , , .
12.3 :
12.3.1. , ; 12.3.2. , , ; 12.3.3. ; 12.3.4. , ; .3.5. .
12.4. , -
. 12.5.
, , . 12.6.
. 13 .
13.1. , ,
. 13.2. , , , , ,
. 13.3. . 13.4. , , .
13.5. . 13.6. :
13.6.1.
;
13.6.2. , , ;
13.6.3. , ,
;
13.6.4. , , ;
13.6.5. , ,
, , , .
13.7. , :
13.7.1. ,
, ;
13.7.2. , ;
13.7.3.
.
13.8. , , .
13.9. , :
13.9.1. , ;
13.9.2. ,
, .
13.10. , .
13.11. , ,
. 13.12. ,
. 13.13. , ,
.
13.14. , :
13.14.1. ; 13.14.2.
;
13.14.3. , , , , ;
13.14.4. ; 13.14.5. , , ,
13.6- .
14 .
14.1. :
14.1.1. , , , ;
14.1.2. ,
, , ; 14.1.3. , , ,
; 14.1.4. , ;
14.1.5. ,
. 14.2. , ,
, , . 14.3. , .
14.4.
.
15 .
15.1. , .
15.2. . 15.3. .
16.4- .
16 .
16.1. , , ,
.
16.2. 16.1- , ,
.
16.3. , 16.1- , ,
. 16.4.
, / “ ” / . 16.5. ,
, .
16.6. ,
, .
16.7. ,
, , ,
, . 16.8. 16.7-
, , , .
16.9. , ,
.
16.10.
, , , , , ,
, , , .
16.11. . 16.12.
, .
16.13. 16.1-
, :
16.13.1. ; 16.13.2. , ,
;
16.13.3. ; 16.13.4. 16.13.2-
;
16.13.5. , , ,
;
16.13.6. . 16.14. 16.1-
: 16.14.1. ,
; 16.14.2. , .
16.15. 16.1- ,
, 16.14.2- .
16.16. 16.1- , , , ,
, , , .
17 . 17.1. . 17.2. , , ,
, , , .
17.3. 12.5-
, , .
17.4. ,
.
, ,
18 .
18.1. :
/ 2005 1 27- /
18.1.1. , , ;
18.1.2. , , ;
18.1.3. ,
; 18.1.4.
11.1- .
19 . ,
19.1. , :
19.1.1. , ;
19.1.2. , ,
, , , .
20 .
20.1. / “ ” /
, , .
20.2. :
20.2.1. , , ; 20.2.2. ,
, ; 20.2.3. , ,
, , ; 20.2.4. , .
20.3. , . 20.4. .
21 . 21.1. . 21.2.
. 22 .
22.1. ,
.
22.2. :
22.2.1. , , , ,
; 22.2.2. ,
, ;
22.2.3. , , , , , ;
22.2.4 ;
22.2.5. , ,
, , ; 22.2.6. , ,
, , ;
22.2.7. ;
22.2.8. , , ,
; 22.2.9. , .
/ 2008 12 19- / 22.3. , ,
, .
22.4. ,
, . / 2006 12 22- /
22.5. .
23 .
23.1. , , .
23.2. , :
23.2.1. 22.2.3, 22.2.5-
; 23.2.2. ,
; 23.2.3. , ;
23.2.4 . , .
23.3. ,
, , . / 2006 12 22- / / 2008 12 19- / 23.4. , , ,
, 3- 17.1- .
/ 2006 12 22- /
24 . , , ,
24.1. , , , :
24.1.1. , , ; 24.1.2. ; 24.1.3. , ; 24.1.4. 16.1-
, ;
24.1.5. , ;
24.1.6.
; 24.1.7. ,
, ; 24.1.8.
, , .
25 . ,
25.1. ,
.
25.2. :
25.2.1. , , , ;
25.2.2. 16.1-
;
25.2.3. , , , , , . 25.3. 25.2- ,
. 25.4. ,
, 2 10.4- . 25.5. ,
:
25.5.1. , , ,
, ;
25.5.2.
, , , ;
25.5.3.
/ /, ;
2 Òºðèéí õÿíàëò øàëãàëòûí òóõàé õóóëü-“Òºðèéí ìýäýýëýë” ýìõòãýëèéí 2003 îíû 2 äóãààðò íèéòëýãäñýí
25.5.4. , , , .
25.6. :
25.6.1. , , ,
;
25.6.2. , , ;
25.6.3. , , .
25.7. , ,
, ,
.
26 . , 26.1.
, , , , 22.2.2-
, , .
26.2. 13.2, 16.1, 22.2.5- ,
, .
27 . ,
27.1. ,
:
27.1.1. , , ,
20000-40000, 50000-60000, , 200000-250000 ;
27.1.2. , ,
150000-200000 ;
27.1.3. 6.2, 8.5- , 16.1-
10000-20000, , 50000-100000 ;
27.1.4. , , 13.2-
100000-150000 ; 27.1.5. 13.14.1-
, 100000-150000 ;
27.1.6. 9.3- , ,
, 20000-40000,
30000-50000, , 150000-200000 . 27.2. , ,
.
27.3. ,
, , ,
.
27.4. ,
.
27.5. ,
.
28 .
28.1. 2003 9 1- .
. -
/ 2005 01 27- , 2006 12 22- , /
13.020 .
. ,
MNS 5914 : 2008
Environment. Land reclamation. Terms and definitions MNS 17.5.1.13-80 -
, 2008 11 27- 61
.
2009 02 01- .
. 1
, .
2
, . .
( )- . : - 17.5.1.01-83, , .
; - MNS 3473:1983, . , , , ; - MNS 0017-0-0-06:1979, . ; - ASTM D 653-07, Standard terminology Relating to soil, rock and Contained Fluids; - Soil Classification - 1926 Subpart P App A - The Unified Soils Classification System; The U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA); - MNS ISO 14050:2003, ( )- ; - Glossary to Terms in Soil Science. 1972. Canada Department of Agriculture Publication 1459.
3 3.1
, , ,
3.2
, , , ,
, , , ,
3.3
, ,
, , , ,
3.4
3.6
, , ,
,
3.7
,
3.8
, , , ,
, 3.7
, ,
,
3.8
( , , ) ,
,
3.9
( , , ) , ,
3.10
( ) ( , ,
) , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
3.11
,
, , , , ,
3.12
3.13
, , , , , ,
: .
3.14
, ,
. .
3.15
, , , ,
, ,
3.16
( ) ,
3.17
3.18
, , ,
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3.19
, , ,
: “ ” , ,
. 3.20
, , , ,
3.21
3.22
, ,
, ,
3.23
, , , ,
3.24
, ,
3.25
3.26
,
3.27
,
, , , ,
3.28
3.29
3.30
7,0-
1 , B2
3.31
7,0-
3.32
: 1. ( )
2. 3.33
, ,
3.34
, , - ,
3.35
: , 2 .
3.36
3.37
,
4 4.1
4.2
4.3
, , ,
4.4
, ,
4.5
4.6
4.7
,
4.8
4.9
4.10
, ,
, ,
4.11
,
4.12
,
4.13
, ,
4.14
4.15
, ,
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
,
4.20
, ,
4.21
, , , ,
4.22
, , ,
4.23
( ) ..
, 4.24
4.25
4.26
,
4.27
,
5 5.1
,
5.2
5.3
:
. 5.4
, , ,
,
, , , , , ,
5.5
, ,
5.6
5.7
1- : :
, , , , 2- : :
, , ,
5.8
,
5.9
( )
5.10
,
5.11
, ,
5.12
6
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
,
6.7
6.8
, , ,
, ,
6.9
6.10
, , ,
( ) 6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
7
7.1
, ,
7.2
7.3
, , 5 ,
/ , , , , , , , /
7.4
, , , 2
, 7.5
, , ,
, ; , / , , ,
/ 7.6
, , , ,
, , ,
, , 2-3 / , , , , /
7.7
, 5 - ,
, , / , , , , /
7.8
, ,
7.9
/ /-
7.10
: , , , ,
7.11
,
. . 7.12
, -
7.13
,
7.14
, ,
,
7.15
,
: , , ,
7.16
,
7.17
:
5- 7 .
7.18
, ,
7.19
,
,
: , , , , , .
7.20
,
,
.
: 13.020
.
MNS 5915 : 2008
Environment Classification of land destroyed due to mining activities MNS 17.5.1.18:1983-
, 2008 11 27- 61
.
2009 02 01- .
. 1
, .
2
, , .
3
, . . :
- ISO 19258:2005 – ;
- O T 17.5.1.02:1985, . . ; - MNS 5914:2008 . . ,
4
1- , 2- , ,
3, 4- .
1-
-
-
,
,
(
8-30
0 )
(30
0 –
)
,
,
,
100-
45-
,
,
,
30-1
00
45-
(
8-10
0
)
(3
0
)
2-
3
,
,
,
15-3
0 45
-
(30
)
,
,
15-3
0 45
-
,
(5-1
0
)
,
5-15
30
-
(5-1
0
)
,
1,5-
5 45
-
,
,
15
-
,
15
-
45-
1-
30
-
45
-
30
(2
0
)
0-5
25-3
5
.
40
-
15
30
-45
,
15
-30
25-3
0
,
,
30-5
0 45
,
50-1
00
45
()
,
30
45
()
,
30-1
00
45
2-
-
,
,
(45
0 –
)
5-
15
45-
(
15
-
)
5-
15
30-
(27
0 –
)
,
1,5-
5 5-
15
30-
,
,
1,5-
5-15
,
30
45
,
15
-30
45
30-1
00
45
(
)
,
15
45
30
-
30
-45
3- -
( )
, ,
,
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,
: ; ;
, ,
, ( ,
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4- -
/ /
, , ,
, , ,
.
.
: 13.020.99
.
,
MNS 5916 : 2008
Environment. Requirements for fertile soil removing and its temporary storage during the earth excavation
MNS 4917:2000 MNS 4920:2000-
, 2008 11 27- 61
.
2009 02 01- .
. 1
, .
2
, , , , ,
. 3
. , ( )- . :
- MNS 5915:2008, . ;
- MNS 5917:2008, . . ;
- MNS 2305:1994, . , , , ; - MNS 3310:1991, . - .
4 ,
MNS 5914:2008 , . 5 5.1 ,
, .
5.2 ,
. 5.3 , , , ,
, , ( ) .
5.4 , , , .
5.5 , , ,
. 5.6 , ,
. 5.7 Vsh ( 3) .
SHshVsh *
: Hsh – , - ; S - , 2- .
5.8 ( )
. YshSshHPsh **
: Ysh - , / 3
5.9
- . 6 , 6.1 , , ,
1- .
1- -
,%
,
1
2,0-12,1 6,0-12,5 ,
4,7-38,6 6,4-8,6
1,5-20,7 5,7-9,6 ,
2,3-10,7 5,4-7,0
, ,
2,2-7,5 6,4-8,4 , ,
7,6-10,7 5,7-8,6 ,
2
4,4-7,9 6,7-8,6 ,
6,6-9,2 6,3-8,7 ,
2,7-4,0 6,3-9,0 ,
1,3-2,6 6,5-8,1 ,
0,5-1,5 8,3-9,1 ,
3 4,9-8,9 5,8-8,1 ,
4
3,0-5,0 6,2-8,8
2,4-6,1 6,3-9,6 , ,
1,9-4,2 6,3-9,6 ,
5
0,21-1,9 8,4-9,3 ,
0,3-1,5 8,1-9,5
0,1-0,3 8,1-10,9
6.2 , ,
5 % - , , 15 % , 10 % .
6.3 0,25 %- ,
0,5 %- . 6.4 0,1 - 8 % - 21 % ,
, , , 5 % - 10 % . 6.5 1,0 / 3 – 1,3 / 3 .
7 7.1 . 7.2 , , , , ,
, . 7.3 ,
. 7.4
. 7.5 ,
. 5 - . 7.6 , , ,
.
.
13.020
.
.
MNS 5917 : 2008
Environment. Reclamation of land destroyed due to mining activities. General technical requirements
MNS 17.5.1.19-92 MNS 4915:2000 MNS 4916:2000-
, 2008 11 27- 61
.
2009 02 01- .
. 1
. 2
, .
3
, . .
( )- . : - 17.5.3.04:1983, ; - ASTM E 2278-04 Standard guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine
Reclamation: Revergetation and Mitigation and Acid Mine Drainage; - ASTM E 2243-02 Standard guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine
Reclamation: Re-contouring and Highwall Reclamation; - MNS ISO 11074-1:2001, ,
, . 1- ; - MNS ISO 11074-1:2001, , ,
. 2- ; - MNS 4915:2000, ; - MNS 5915:2008 .
; - MNS 5916:2008, , ; - MNS 5918:2008, .
4 ,
MNS 5914:2008 , . 5 5.1 ,
.
5.2 .
5.3 ( ,
) , . 5.4 MNS 5915 : 2008 ,
. 6 ,
6.1 , , ,
, . 6.2 , , ,
. 6.3 , , ,
.
6.4 . 1- :
. 7 7.1 1-
.
1- -
-
,
-
,
-
,
, , .
, ( ) 10 10 10 10 10 10
, ( ) 0,3 0,10 - 0,20* 0,20* -
, , .
,
0,5** 1,0***
0,3** 0,8***
-** 2,0*** - 1,0*** 0,3***
, ( ) 10,0 5,0 0,5
, , ( ) 8 18 25 -
, , ( ) - 25 25 - 20
, , ( ) - 25 25 8* - 20
, ( ) - - - 1,5 1,5
: - , ( ) - , , -
, ( ) -
, ( )
- - - -
- - - -
12,0 2-3 15,0
-
- - - -
6,5 2-3 15,0
-
6,5 2-3 15,0
-
, ( ) - -
0,7 1,5
0,7 1,5
0,7 1,5
- -
0,7 1,5
- -
, ( )
- - - 1,0 1,0 1,0
,
( ) 0,3** 0,3** 0,2** - 0,2** 0,2**
, .
*- **- ***-
7.2 , 15 18 0 –
. 7.3 ,
. 7.4 ,
“ , MNS 5916:2008” .
7.5
. 7.6 , 180-
. 7.7 ,
. 8
8.1 ,
. 8.2 ,
, , .
8.3 ,
. 8.4 , ,
- .
9
. 10 , 10.1 ,
. 10.2 ,
, , .
10.3 , ,
25 0- . 10.4
. 10.5 ,
25 0- .
10.6
25 0- .
10.7
18 0- . ,
, .
10.8 ,
, .
.
13.020.99
. .
MNS 5918 : 2008
Environment. Re-vegetation of destroyed land. General technical requirements
MNS 4918:2000 - MNS 4919:2000 -
, 2008 11 27- 61
.
2009 02 01- .
. 1
. 2
, . . :
- NS 5917:2008, .
- NS 5915:2008,
- MNS 5916:2008, , 3 3.1 , ,
, , .
3.2
18 - . 3.3 , ,
, , .
3.4 . 3.5 ,
, 1- . 1-
1 6- 3 10 5- 3 10
2 , 6- 2 10 5- 2 10
3 , 5- 3 10 5- 10
3.4 , I, II .
2- . 2-
, % , %
I II I II
1 70 60 90 80
2 70 50 95 90
3 60 40 90 80
4 75 65 95 90
5
80 65 95 90
3.5 15 0- , . 3.6 3- . 3-
1 - / - /
1 Medicado L 8-10
2 Onobrychis L 25-30
3 Melilotus Hill 15-20
4 Bromus L 18
5 Elymus L 15-20
6 Gaertu 15-18 3.7 100 200 24
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, . NS 5851 : 2008
Symbol and uniform of special protected areas. General requirements
, 2008 05 30- 17
.
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13.020
.
MNS 5606-1: 2006
Environmental protection. Emission limit and for the crematoria working by diesel fuel
, 2006 05 25– 15
. 2006 06 15- . 1.
, .
2.
, , , .
, .
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9. 2005
5; 9; 10 .
13.020.10 –
, MNS ISO 14001:2005
Environmental management systems –Requirements with guidance for use
MNS ISO 14001:1998-
, 2005 12 22- 69
.
2006 1- 05- .
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ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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8 4.5
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( ) ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004
8.1 4.5.1 , (
) 8.2
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[1] ISO 9000:2000, – , [2] ISO 9001:2000, – [3] ISO 14004:2004, – , ,
[4] ISO 19011:2002,
13.020.10 . ,
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, 2005 12 22- 69 .
2006 1- 05- .
1
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.
ISO 14001 ISO 14001 .
2
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3
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(3.16) (3.11)-
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.
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(3.18)
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.
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,
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[1] ISO 14001, - , [2] ISO 9000, – ,
[3] ISO 9001, – [4] ISO 9004, --- [5] ISO/TR 10013, [6] ISO 14020, – [7] ISO 14021, - . (
- II ) [8] ISO 14024, - 1-
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[15] ISO 14043, - –
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[18] ISO/TR 14049, ( )- –
, ISO 14041
[19] ISO/TR 14062, -
[20] ISO 19011, [21] ISO 14000 , 2002
13.020.10
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MNS ISO 14015 : 2002
, 2002 01 31–
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- õàÿãäëûí óäèðäëàãà, - ìàòåðèàë áà á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íèé ãàðäàõ àæèëëàãàà,
- áîëîâñðóóëàõ àæèë,
- õàÿãäàë óñíû óäèðäëàãà,
- àãààðò äýãäýõ áîäèñûí õÿíàëò,
- óñàíä ÷ºëººëºãäºõ áàéäàë,
- áàéðëàñàí ãàçðûí àøèãëàëò
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Òîäîðõîéëîõ
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¯íýëýõ áà òîäîðõîéëîõ
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Ø¿¿í õýëýëöýæ øèéäâýðëýõ (4.4.3)
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[1] ISO 14001, Environmental management systems – Specification with guidance for use [2] ISO 14004, Environmental management systems – General guidelines on principles, systems and supporting techniques [3] ISO 14010, Guidelines for environmental auditing – General principles [4] ISO 14011, Guidelines for environmental auditing – Audit procedures – Auditing of environmental management systems [5] ISO 14012, Guidelines for environmental auditing – Qualification criteria for environmental auditors [6] ISO 14031, Environmental management – Environmental performance evaluation – Guidelines [7] ISO 14050, Environmental management – Vocabulary
13.020.10
( )- ISO 14001, ISO 14004
MNS ISO/TR 14061:2002
Information to assist forestry organizations In the use of Environmental Management System standards ISO 14001 and ISO 14004
, 2002 2 - - .
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Óäèðäëàãûí ä¿í øèíæèëãýý
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Øàëãàõ, çàñâàðëàõ àæèëëàãàà
- ,
- ¯ë-òîõèðîë áà çàñâàðëàõ, ñýðãèéëýõ àæèëëàãàà -Òàéëàí -ÁÎÓÒ-íû àóäèò
-Á¿òýö, õàðèóöëàãà -Ñóðãàëò,ìýäëýã, óð ÷àäâàð -Õàðèëöàà -ÁÎÓÒ-íû áàðèìòæóóëàëò -Áàðèìò áè÷ãèéí õÿíàëò -Àæèëëàãààíû õÿíàëò
Òºëºâëºõ -ÁÎ-íû àñóóäàë -Õóóëü, áóñàä øààðäëàãà -Çîðèëãî, ý.ò ¿ç¿¿ëýëò -ÁÎÓ-ûí õºòºëáºð
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Îéí íººö,
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Îéí á¿òýýìæ àæèëëàãàà
Ñ-ûí àãóóëãà
Åðºíõéè áàãòààìæ
Õºðñ àøèãëàõ, îéí òàëáàé
Îéí ýð¿¿ë ìýíä,
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Íèéãýì-ýäèéí
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Îé õàìãààëàõ àæèëëàãàà
Áèîëîãèéí òºðºë ç¿éë
Õºðñ ýëýãäýë
Óñ çàðöóóëàëò
Àãààð áîõèðäîë
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Àæèëëàõ õ¿÷
Ñî¸ëûí à÷ õîëáîãäîë
Íèéòèéí îðîëöîî, ìýäëýã
Ñóäàëãàà, áîëîâñðîë
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Àóäèò, ä¿í øèíæèëãýý
ÎÒÕÓ-ûí çàð÷èì, øàëãóóð, îëîí íèéòèéí áîäëîãî, õóóëü òîãòîîìæèéã àãóóëñàí ÎÀÀ-í ã¿éöýòãýëèéí àðãà õýìæýý
Îðîí íóòãèéí õýðýãæ¿¿ëýëò
Îëîí íèéòèéí îðîëöîõ ¿éë ÿâö
ÎÒÕÓ-ûí çààã÷, õàìààðàãäàõ ÎÒÕÓ-ûí øààðäëàãà
Õºðñºí äýõ ÎÒÕÓ-ûí ã¿éöýòãýë
Áîäëîãî, çîðèëãî, ýêîëîãèéí òºëºâëºãººò ¿ç¿¿ëýëòòýé õîëáîîòîé ã¿éöýòãýëèéí ºãºãäëèéí ä¿í øèíæèëãýý
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Àðãà õýìæýýíèé ã¿éöýòãýëèéí øààðäëàãà
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ÒÀÉËÁÀÐ 3-ð çóðàãò îéí àæ àõóéí áàéãóóëëàãàä à÷ õîëáîãäîëòîé øàëãóóð, çààã÷, ÎÒÕÓ-ûí çàð÷èì á¿õèé îéí óäèðäëàãûí áîäëîãûí ìàòåðèàëûí õàìðàõ õ¿ðýý, ISO 14001-ûí óäèðäëàãûí òîãòîëöîîíû ÷èã õàíäëàãûí õîîðîíäûí áîëîìæèò õîëáîîã ¿ç¿¿ëñýí. Áàðóóí òàëûí õýñýãò ISO 14001-ûí ¿íäñýí á¿ðýëäýõ¿¿í õýñãèéã ¿ç¿¿ëñýí. Ç¿¿í òàëûí õýñýãò ÎÒÕÓ-ûí îéëãîëòîä õàìààðàõ çàðèì ÷óõàë á¿ðýëäýõ¿¿í õýñãèéã ¿ç¿¿ëñýí. Ñóìíóóä íü òýäãýýð ÎÒÕÓ-ûí á¿ðýëäýõ¿¿í õýñýã, ÁÎÓÒ-íû ISO 14001-ûí á¿ðýëäýõ¿¿í õýñýã áîëîí õàìààðàõ øààðäëàãûí õîîðîíäûí áîëîìæèò õîëáîîã ¿ç¿¿ëñýí. 5-ð á¿ëýãò 2 õýñãèéí õîîðîíäûí áîëîìæèò õîëáîîã òàéëáàðëàñàí.
)
5.4 5.4.1
- : , , , ,
(ISO 14001:1996, 4.3) 5.4.2 ISO 14001 , ,
, . , . - , . (ISO
14001:1996, 4.3.1)
: ) – , , ) – , ) – , ,
D) – ,
. 5.4.3 ISO 14001 . (ISO 14001:1996, 4.3.2)
, , , .
: a) , , b) , , c) , d) e) f) g) 5.4.4 ISO 14001 ,
, . (4- .) , ,
, , , , , . (ISO
14001:1996, 4.3.3)
4- - ,
ISO 14001 ,
, . , .
, . ,
. , ,
: , , , , , , ,
, , 5.4.5 ISO 14001 ,
. (ISO 14001:1996, 4.3.4) 5.5 ISO 14001 , , ,
, , . (ISO 14001:1996, 4.4) 5.6 ISO 14001 , , , ,
- , .
Àñóóäàë, íºëººëëèéí øèíæèëãýý 1 æèë > ò¿âøèí 60 2 æèë > ò¿âøèí 50
Òîãòîîìæèéí øààðäëàãàä íèéöýõ ã¿éöýòãýëä “gaps”-ûã áóóðóóëàõ ã¿éöýòãýëèéí çààã÷
Ñîíèðõîã÷ òàëóóäûí ¿çýë áîäîë Õàìààðàãäàõ ÷óõàë àñóóäàë
Õîðîîíû ä¿í øèíæèëãýý
/
Õàìòðàí ýçýìøèã÷èéí ¿çýë áîäîë
Çîðèëãî, ýêîëîãèéí
òºëºâëºãººò ¿ç¿¿ëýëò
5.6.1 ISO 14001 , ,
, . (ISO 14001:1996, 4.5.1). - , .
, . :
a) , b) , , c) ( : , , , ,
) d) 50 e) f) ,
, , . ,
, , , . ISO 14031
( )- , , -
. ISO 14031- ISO 14001- . ISO 14031 3 - : ,
. ISO 14001 3-
.. .
. a) : - (
) - - b) : - - . - c) -
- -
. , .
5.6.2 ISO 14001 - ,
. (ISO 14001:1996, 4.5.4) , ,
, .
- - .
ISO 14010, ISO 14011 ISO 14012 - , , ,
. , ISO 14001 .
5.7 ISO 14001 - ,
. (ISO 14001:1996, 4.6) , , ,
, . 6. ,
10 . , , ,
. - , . - , , ,
. “ ” (ISO 14001:1996, 3.12) - , . , - ISO 14001-
. - , . - .
ISO 14001-
. , , : , , , . , ISO
14001:1996, 3.12, - , .
G,H, I .
7. - , ,
ISO 14001- , , - .
. ISO 14001- .
, : , - , .
- 3 . ISO 14001- 3
, - - - - . 3 .
- - 3 . ISO 14001-
, , . ISO 14001- - , - .
ISO 14001- , , . ISO 14001-
. ( , , , ).
, , . 8. ISO 9000, ISO 14000 ISO brochure ISO 14001 -
, . (A.5 ).
, , , . ISO 14001 -
, .
, - . ISO 14031-
, .
( )
ISO 14000
.1 ISO 14001:1996, –
.1.1
.
, , . ,
, .
.1.2
.
. 2 ISO 14011:1996, – -
.2.1
.
.
.2.2
- , .
.3 ISO 14012:1996, –
.3.1
. :
- , , , - ,
.3.2
, .
. ISO 14011- .
.4 ISO/DIS 14031- ( )
.4.1
,
, .
- , , ,
- - . - - - , -
, .
, - , . , ,
.
.4.2
- , . . - . , -
.
.5 ISO 9000, ISO 14000- ISO 14000- , ,
. - ISO 9000, ISO 14000- 1997 ISO 14000-
, , , , ISO 14001- , -
.
: ISO 14001- - , ISO 14000- , ISO 14001-
- . ISO 14001 “ ”, “ ” -
. - , “ - ” “ - ” .
:
-
1, rue de Varembe 56
CH-1211 20
13.020.50
- ,
MNS 5600 : 2003 National eco-label From, sizes and technical requirements
, 2003 03 27- 06 .
2003 05 01- .
. 1.
, - / - /-
, , . 3.
, . , ,
. ,
.
, . :
- MNS ISO 14020:1998, - – ; - MNS ISO 14021:1999, - –
( - II ); - MNS ISO 14024:1999, - – - –
; - MNS ISO/TR 14025:2001, - –
( - III ). ; - MNS ISO 14040:1997, – “ ”- – ; 3. 3.1 -
, MNS ISO 14024 .
3.2 - , .
3.3 , , , , ( ) ,
, ( - )- - / - /-- , - (3.2-
)-
3.4 - ( - ) , , , , , ,
, - . ,
, , , , , , , ,
- .
3.5 - , , , ,
. 3.6 - , , ,
, , . 3.7 , - -
, . 3.8 -
. 3.9 , , ,
- “ ” . 3.10 - , -
, , , -
. 3.11 - – , ,
.
4. , 4.1 - , ,
. 4.2 - ,
. - , , , , ,
.
: 1. - “ ”- ( ,
) , , , , . “ ”
/envirement/, “ ” /earth/ ,
, , , “ - ” “ , ”- . 2. , , , - ,
, , .
3.”Eco” – , “MN” – . 4. “ ” , “ ”
“ ”- . “ ” , / / .
.
.502.3:006.354 0017
. . .
MNS 17.2.3.16 - 88MNS 17.2.3.01 - 80-
. .
17.2.3.08-86
1988 248 1989 01-
01- .
.
.
. - 1925-79 ,
.
1. 1.1. , , (
) 3 .
1.2.
.
, 1-2-
.
1.3.
, .
1.4. ( )
( ) - .
2. ,
2.1. ,
, , ,
,
.
2.2.
, ,
.
, , ,
.
2.3. ,
, , .
,
.
2.4.
.
2.5. , ,
, , ,
, , , ,
.
2.6. :
25 ,
25-100 2-3 ,
100 50
.
2.7. ,
0,5-5 2
.
2.8.
,
.
3. , 3.1. , , ,
4 .
3.2. ,
.
4-
( 1,7,13,19 ) .
, ,
.
3.3.
7,13,19 .
3.4. 7,13
.
-450 -
20-
.
3.5.
.
3.6.
3 .
.
3.7. : , ,
, , ( ,
) .
3.8. ,
, .
3.9. : , SO2,
, N 2
.
3.10 ( )
(3,4)
.
2 .
3.11. ,
, .
3.12.
.
3.13. ( )
.
3.14. ,
.
4. 4.1.
20-30 .
4.2.
20-30 ,
24 .
4.3. 1,5-3,5 -
.
4.4. , , ,
,
, .
5. 5.1. , ,
(20-30 ) .
5.2.
4-
1 .
5.3.
.
5.4.
.
5.5.
.
.
613:525.7.011.4 58
. .
. . .
MNS 3113 - 81
3598-80
- , 1981 124-
1982 1- 1- 1987 1- 1- .
1. .
2.
0,8
.
3. ( )
25%- .
4.
0,8- 10 .
5. ,
: 2, 2
.
6.
( ) .
.
7.
, II ,
.
.
8.
.
9.
95%- .
:
, ( , ,
, , , ,
, , ).
- ;
- ;
- , ,
, , , ;
- ;
- ;
- , , ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .
.
13.040.01
(CO, SO2, NOx, )
MNS 5457 : 2005 Maximum acceptable level and measuring method of toxic elements (CO, SO2, NOx, ash) in the exhaust gases contents of heating boilers and home stoves
, 2005 05- 26- 12
.
2005 06 09- .
. 1.
1 ( / 3), 1 ( / . . ) 1 ( / ) , , SO2, NOx ,
.
, , .
, , 3.15 - , 2
/ - . 2.
, .
MNS 4585: 1998 .
50831: 1995
GB 13271 : 2001
GB 5468:1991
GB/T16157:1996
3. , 3.1. , . 3.1.1.
101325 a, 273 3.1.2. ,
.
: , .
3.1.3. 3.15 , 2 / , ,
3.1.4.
: / , / - ,
. 3.1.5.
, / 3- .
3.1.6.
, 1 3/ 3= 1 ppm- .
: 1 ppm – , -1
4. 4.1. ( ),
(NOx), (SO2), ,
. 4.2. ( ),
(NOx), (SO2), 1, 2- .
1-
(Q),
(NOx) (SO2)
1
- ,
/ . .
1 ,
/
, / 3
, /
1
- ,
/ . .
1 ,
/
, / 3
, /
1 Q 0.8 6.75 0.23 450 0.3 12.0 0.4 800 0.4
2 0.8 Q 3.15 6.0 0.2 400 0.25 9.0 0.3 600 0.5
2-
(Q),
(CO)
1
, / . .
1 ,
/
, / 3
, /
1
- ,
/ . .
1
,
/
, / 3
, /
1 - - 4000 - - - 2500 -
2 Q 0.8 37.5 1.28 2500 1.8 6.0 0.15 400 0.34
3 0.8 Q 3.15 30 1.02 2000 1.5 4.5 0.2 300 0.23
5. 5.1. 5.1.1. 200 -
3 - . 5.1.2. , ,
,
, .
5.1.3.
. :
. ;
. , ;
. 2 1 ; . , ; . .
5.1.4.
70%- . 5.1.5.
6- . 5.1.6. , ,
. 5.2. 5.2.1. .
. , .
.
( , , ) .
. 5- , ,
. 5.3.
“ppm” / 3- . 5.3.1.
=1.8- .
80% . 5.3.1.1. ppm-
Cv = Cv [(V + ( -1) V )/( V
+ (1.8-1) V )] 5.3.1.2. / 3- C = C [(273+t)/273] (B/p) (V
+ ( -1) V )/( V + (1.8-1) V )]
: Cv-
, ppm; Ci-
, / 3; V - , 3/ ; - ; V - 1 , 3/ ; t- , 0 ; =101325 – , ; - , . – ; 5.4. . 5.4.1. 1 , / . / . .
mi=Ci V 10-3
mi=Ci V (Q . /Qir) 10-3
: Ci-
, / 3; V =V
+ ( -1) V - 1 , 3/ ; Q . - 1 ( ), / ; Qi
r- 1 ( ), / . 5.4.2. 1 , /
i= (Ci V 10-3)/ Qi
r
5.4.3. , / i=Ci i V 10-3
: i- , / . 6. , 6.1.
, . 6.2. , 3-
. 6.2.1.
2, 2, , NO, NO2, NOx, SO2 , .
7. 7.1. . 7.2. , ‘MNS 0012-013:1991
. ” . 7.3. . :
- , ; - , ; - , , ; - , .
3-
,
.
1
, 2
, 2
,
, NO
, NO2
, NO
, SO2
, 0
0... 20 % 0.1%
0... 21 %
0.1%
0... 3000 / 3
12 / 3
0... 5000 / 3
15 / 3
0... 2000 / 3 10 / 3
0... 5000 / 3
15 / 3
0... 5000 / 3 15 / 3
0... 3000 / 3
12 / 3
0... 800 0
0.1 0
0...10 0.1
8. 8.1. , , , , ,
, . 8.2.
.
.
13.060.01
.
.
MNS 4047-88
17.1.307-82
- 1988 248
1989 01- 01- .
. / , , / , ,
.
MNS 17.1.1.14- 80 –
, , .
. /1 /.
1. , 1.1 , , I, II, III .
1.2 -1.4- ,
, .
1.2 1 , ,
. :
- 100000- ,
- , ,
- , , ,
- .
1.3 II ;
- 25000-100000 ,
- ,
- , - ,
- , ,
- , , ,
- , .
1.4 III ;
- 25000 – ,
- ,
- , , .
1.5 , ,
, . :
- , /
/ ,
, ,
- , ,
, ,
.
1.6. . ,
, ,
, ,
.
1.7 , ,
, , -
.
1.8
. 1
,
/80% - /
.
/ , / /
.
0.5
.
1.9 ,
.
1.10 3-
.
,
0.5 -
/ / .
, /2-
/ 0.5 – / / .
1.11
.
/ , 3-5 /,
.
. 0.5 - ,
.
1.12
.
: - 5 1 , 0.3 ,
.
- 5-10 2 0.5 .
- 10 - 3 .
- 50 - 10 , 20 , 50 ,100
.
2. , 2.1 , ,
, ,
.
2.2 ,
. ,
. /2, 3 /.
2.3
1- .
1-
1 2 3
10
-1
-2
-1
-3
-
-
2.4. 1 , ,
5
.
2.5 2- .
2-
1 2 3
* - .
2.6 , ,
, ,
, , .
1
1
. ,
, ,
,
, ,
, , ,
, ,
,
, ,
, :
, ,
, , , ,
.
- : , , , , , , / ;
- : ,
, , , /
.
2. -1
:
- / /, 3/ ;
- / /, ;
:
- ;
- , 0 ;
- , / O2 /, / ;
3. -2
- / /, 3/ ;
- / /, ;
:
-
- 0 ;
- / pH /;
- , / ;
2
Y YY Y
1. :
- / /, 3/ ;
- / U /, / ;
- / /, ;
:
-
- , 0 ; , ; , ; , ;
- : / 2 /, / ; / 2 /, / ;
- , / ;
- / pH /;
- : , , , , , , , ,
/ .
:
.
- / / / ;
- , / ;
- , / ;
- 2-3 , / ;
4. -3
:
- / /, 3/
- / H /, ;
- / U /, / ;
:
- ;
- 0
- , / pH / ;
- , / ;
- , / 2 /, / ;
- , / ;
- , / ;
5.
.
3
Y YY
1. .
:
- , 103 / 3 / / /
-
- , / 3 / / /
- , 103 / 3 / / /,
- , 103 / 3 / /
-
- / , ,
:
- , / 3
-
- , / 3
- , / 3
- , / 3
-
- / , , /
:
- , / 2
- , / 2
-
-
-
- , / 2
- , / 2
- / , , /
-
- , ,
:
- , 106 / 3 / / /
- , 103 / / 3 / / / /
-
- :
- , 2 / 3 / 2/ /
- , 2 / 2 / 2 / /
-
- , / 3 / / /
:
- 100 2 ;
- ;
- ;
- / , , , /,
2. :
- , 103 / 3 / / /
-
- / , , /
- , / 3
-
- / , , /
:
- / 2
-
- / , ,
/
-
- , / 2
:
-
- ,
3. , , ,
.
Y YY , ,
, ,
, 106 / 3
/ / /
,
%
,
1 2 3 4 5
1 1.00- 1-20 10 0.5- 0.5
2 1.00-1.50 21-35 7-9 0.5-1.0 0.5
3
1.51-2.50 36-50 5-6 1.1-3.0 5.1
4 2.51-3.50 51-65 4 3.1-5.0 10
5 3.51-4.00 66-85 2-3 5.1-10.0 50
6 4.00- 86-100
0-1 10.0- 10
185
0000
.
.
Water Quality. General requirements.
MNS 4586 : 1998
, 1998 05- 28-
17 .
1998 06- 1 – .
1. ,
. , ,
.
2. .
,
. 1-
.
.
.
1- /
1 6.5-8.5 2 2* / 6 &4- 3 5 / 3 4 -
- n / 10
5 NH4 – N N/ 0.5 6 NO2-N N/ 0.02 7 NO3 – N N/ 9.0 8 PO4- P / 0.1 9 CI / 300 10 F / 1.5 11 SO4 / 100 12 n / 0.1 13 Ni / 0.01 14 Cu / 0.01 15 Mo / 0.25
186
16 Cd / 0.005 17 / 0.01 18 Pb / 0.01 19 As / 0.01 20 Cr / 0.05 21 Cr6+ / 0.01 22 Zn / 0.01 23 Hg / 0.1 24 / 0.05 25 / 0.001 26 / 0.1 27 ’ Benzo (a) pyren / 0.005
: * 6 / - , 4 / – .
3.
MNS 4047-88- . 2-
.
2- /
1 2 2* 3 5 20 . 4 -
- n
5 NH4 – N – , 6 NO2-N - 7 NO3 – N – ,
8 PO4- P – 9 CI 10 F , 11 SO4 , 12 n 13 Ni 14 Cu 15 Mo 16 Cd 17 18 Pb 19 As 20 Cr , 21 Cr6+ 22 Zn 23 Hg , Hg 24 , 25 4 – 26 - 27 ’ Benzo (a) pyren
-
.
187
13.060.30 .
Water quality Effluent standard
MNS 4943:2000
, 2000 05- 25- 102
. 2000 06- 01 - 2005 06 - 01-
.
. 1. 1.1. ,
, . 1.2.
. 2. 2.1. . ,
. 3. 3.1. 3.1.1.
. 3.1.2.
. 3.1.3.
. 3.2. 3.2.1. 1
( , , )- . 3.2.2.
1 . 3.2.3.
. 3.2.4. 5
( 5 , 5) 1 .
3.2.5. 5 ( <5) ( )
. :
= 0.2 (1)
- - 1- -
188
= (Q + Q )/ Q (2)
Q - , 3/ Q - , 3/
1 -
/
1 20 2 - 6 - 9 3 / 20 4 / 50 5 / 20 6 / 35 7 / 800 8 / 0.05 9 / 0.05 10 / 1 11 / 5 12 / 0.2 13 / 0.3 14 / 0.03 15 / 0.5 16 / 0.001 17 / 0.05 18 / 0.2 19 / 0.02 20 / 1 21 / 0.1 22 / 0.3 23 6 / 0.05 24 / 1 25 N/ 8 26 / 20 2.51
21 27 / 1.5 0.31 28 / 1.5 29 / 0.2 30 / 0.1 31 / 0.2 32 0.01111 - 90 000 33 -
3.3. 3.3.1.
2- .
* íóóð, óñàí ñàí áîëîí ò¿¿íä öóòãàõ ãîë ìºðºíä
189
2- /
1 25 2 3 - 6 - 9 4 / 50 5 / 100 6 / 30 7 / 150 8 / 1000 9 / 0.2 10 / 3 11 / 10 12 / 0.5 13 / 0.5 14 / 0.05 15 / 1 16 / 0.001 17 / 0.1 18 / 0.5 19 / 0.02 20 / 2 21 / 0.5 22 / 0.5 23 6 / 0.1 24 / 2 25 / 15 26 / 30 27 / 5 28 -
.
190
.
…../0017
. . , , .
MNS 3297 - 91
Environment protection. Soil. The indicator of norm sanitation condition for soil communities.
1991 16
1991 6 1- . .
, , , , , ,
, ,
, , , , ,
, .
,
, ,
.
, , , ,
, .
1. 1.1.
” ” ( )- .
:
” ” ( )- 100
( )- - ( )- 100
( )- .
=
1.2. ” ” ( ) 1- .
191
1-
( )
0,98> 0,85-0,98 0,70-0,85 0,70<
:
, .
” ” ( )- ,
, .
1.3. 2-
.
2-
100 - , 760 1 -
( ) 2 2 2 2
0,38-0,80 1,2-2,8 4,1-6,5 14,4-18,0
20,3-19,8 19,9-17,7 16,5-14,2 5,5-1,7
- - - 0,8-2,7
- - - 0,3-3,4
: 21,7%, 28%
.
2. 2.1. 3- .
3-
1,0> 0,1-0,01 0,01-0,001 0,0001<
0,1> 0,1-0,01 0,01-0,0001 0,0001<
:
( ) ,
.
3. 3.1. 4- .
192
4-
1 ( )
0 1-10 11-100 100<
4. 4.1. 5- .
5-
0,25 2 ( )
0 10> 10-25 25<
5. 5.1. , , ,
6- .
6-
0,25 2 -
1
-
( )
0 10 10-25 25<
0 1-10 11-100 100<
1,0< 0,1-0,01 0,0,1-0,001 0,001>
0,1< 0,1-0,01 0,01-0,0001 0,0001>
0,98< 0,85-0,98 0,70-0,85 0,70>
6. ( ) 6.1. ,
, . , , ,
, , ,
. ,
.
. 6.2. 7-
.
193
7-
, , .
.
.
.
:
( )
,
.
.
194
. .
.
. . .
MNS 3298 - 90
Environmental protection. Soil. General requirements on the probe for analytical purposes.
1991 4 25-
16 1991 6 1- .
. 1. 1.1. -
,
.
1.2. , ,
, , , ,
.
1.3. , , , ,
.
:
1/. , , ;
2/. , , , ,
;
3/. , ;
4/. , ,
.
2. 2.1. , , ,
, , , ,
.
2.2.
, .
2.3. , 25 3 ,
(25 2)
.
2.4.
, .
2.5.
.
195
2.6.
.
3. 3.1. (0-20)
- (300-500) , ,
.
3.2. ,
.
3.2.1. , , , , , ,
, , ,
(0-15;0-25) .
3.2.2. , , , ,
(0-25; 0-50)
1,0 .
3.2.3. , ,
(1-2)
.
3.2.4. , ,
1- .
1-
-
1-5
1-5
0,1-0,5
0,5-1
0,5-1
0,1
(3-5 )
10
3.3.
(100-200)
.
3.4.
(1 )
,
.
3.5. ,
(0-5) (0-5-20) -
(100-200) - .
3.6.
.
196
3.7. 10
(5-10) - .
4. , 4.1.
.
4.2. ,
, 24
. ,
(4-5)0 - 3 1
.
4.3.
.
4.4. ,
.
.
197
( )
1. , ………………………………....................................
………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………
.…………………………………………………………................................................................................
2. …………… …………… ……………..
3. , ………………………………….....................................
………………………………………………………………………………………….........................................
4.
…………………………………. , , , ,
, ………………………………………………...............
………………………………………………………………………………………….........................................
5. ……………. …………………………....................................
6. ……………………………………………………....................................
………………………………………………………………………………………….........................................
7. ……………………………………….....................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………........................................
8. ………. ………..
……… ……….. ………….
9. ………….. ………….
……….. ………. ………..
10. …………… ……………
…………. …………. ……….
11. ………………………………………………………................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………….
12. , ………………………………….............
…………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………............................................................................
…………………….. ………………………
198
13.080.01 . ,
MNS 5850 : 2008
Soil quality. Soil pollutants elements and substance
, 2008 05 30- 17
.
2008 07 01- .
. 1 1.1
, ( ) .
1.2 , ( ) , , ,
, , , , , , .
2
.
ISO 15799:2003, –
; ISO 19258:2005, –
; (DIN), ’ 80.
. VDLUFA, - 1980. –H . 1-3, - S. 9-11, ; O T 17.4.3.04:1985, . . ,
; 17.4.1.02:1983, . . .
3 , 3.1
, , ,
, , .
3.2
5 / 3– , 40- . : Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Cs, Ba, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb. Fr, Ra, Ac 42 .
, .
3.3
199
, , , 12 . (Pb), (Cd), (Hg), (As),
(Cr), (Cr6+), (Zn), (Co), (Ni), (Cu), (Sr), (V).
3.4
( )
. 3.5
( ) (Pb), (Cd), (Hg), (As), (Cr), (Cr6+),
(CN-). , .
3.6
- (Cu), (Zn), (Cr), (V), (Ni), (Sr) (Sn),
(Mo), (S), (B), (F) (Pb, Cd, Hg, As) ,
. 3.7
, ( ), - - ,
( ), , .
3.8
. .
( )- . 3.9
. :
- (precaution value) - (trigger value) - (action value) 3.9.1
,
. . , , , .
3.9.2
,
, . ,
, .
3.9.3
,
. , , ,
.
200
3.10
,
,
1- -
%, (<0,01 )
< 20 20-45 > 45
2- -
3.11
/ : 1 - . 4 , 3 –
.
3- - ( ) ( / )
/
1 (Pb) 100 70 50 100 2 (Cd) 3 1,5 1 3 3 (Hg) 2,0 1,0 0,5 2 4 (As) 6 4 2 6 5 (Cr) 150 100 60 150
6 (Cr+6) 4 3 2 4
7 (Sn) 50 40 30 50 8 (Sr) 800 700 600 800 9 (V) 150 130 100 150
Soil textural class
Sand Loamy sand Sandy loam
Sandy silty loam Loam
Silty loam Silt
Clay loam
Sandy clay Silty clay
Silty clay loam Clay
201
10 (Cu) 100 80 60 100 11 (Ni) 150 100 60 150 12 (Co) 50 40 30 50 13 (Zn) 300 150 100 300 14 ( ) 5 3 2 5 15 (Se) 10 8 6 10 16 ( ) 25 20 15 25 17 (F) 200 150 100 200 18 (CN-) 25 15 10 25
1- : ( )
, , , .
4- - ( )
( / )
/
1 (Pb) 500 1200
2 (Cd) 10 20
3 (Hg) 10 20
4 (As) 30 50
5 (Cr) 400 1500
6 (Cr+6) 20 50
7 (Sn) 300 500
8 (Sr) 3000 6000
9 (V) 600 1000
10 (Cu) 500 1000
11 (Ni) 1000 1800
12 (Co) 500 1000
13 (Zn) 600 1000
14 ( ) 20 50
15 (Se) 50 100
16 ( ) 100 300
17 (F) 800 1500
18 (CN-) 50 100 2- :
, .
5- -
( / )
/
1 ( ) PCB6
0,1 2,0
202
2 4,0 100 3 0,2 2,0 4 -( )- 1,0 10
5 ( ) 10 -
6 / (PCDD/F) 0,001 0,01
6- -
/ ,
1 (Pb), (Cd),
(Cr), (Cu), (Ni), (Co), (Zn)
MNS ISO 11047:2001
3 (Hg) ISO 16772:2004
(CN-) ISO 17380:2004 ISO 11262:2003
4 (As), (S)
ISO 20280:2007
14 ( ) PCB6
, ISO 10382:2002
15 ,
ISO 8974:2002
18 ( )
ISO 15009:2002 ISO 18287:2002
.
( )
2 02 - 110/51-2333 10.12.1990 “ ” .: , 1990.
203
13.080.30 .
. 1- :
Soil quality. Determination of the effects of pollutants on soil flora. Part 1: Method for the measurement of inhibition of root growth
NS ISO 11269-1:2002
, 2002 05- 30- 22 .
2002 06- 01- .
. 1. ISO 11269
.
, , ,
. ( , ).
,
.
. 2.
ISO 11269- , .
.
. , - .
ISO 11274-1. . – . 3.
, .
. , .
.
: 1.
, .
204
4.
.
: 2. “CV Triump” –
. , .
3. , .
8 , 11 , . , .
4. 10 500 .
.
, .
: 10% >0.6 , 80% 0.2-0.6 , 10% <0.2 .
: 5.
.
5.
3 ,
. ,
. . ( )
:
6. ,
.
(4.2)
205
, 30 2 - 16 , 4 - . (5.2.2)
(5.2.3) .
, , .
( )
, . ,
. - .
- . ( )
, . . ,
, .
70% . :
a) 5-10 .
. 100%- . 70%
.
) ISO 11274 70%- .
( ),
.
7: . 8. " " .
, , 36-48 20 - . , 2 - ,
10 - .
, . 70% .
:
206
9. .
( ) 12- 16 8- 12 25000 Im/m2 45W ( ) 20 2 16 2 (%) 60 5 60 5 (% ) 70 5 70 5
(4.1) 5 . .
80%- .
80%- .
: 10.
5 , .
5 . . , 5 - .
:
11. . 6. (D )
. , .
. .
12: ”t- “ ”t- “ .
6 10 -
95%- ( 10%). ( - ) 7.
. : ) ISO 11269- ) ) ) )
1) 2) 3)
)
)
207
) . : , ,
.
( )
.1
.
- 0 / ( ), 1 / , 10 / ,100 / 1000 / - .
.2
, 2- .
1000 / - .
3 .
:
13. . : 1, 3, 9, 27,
81 ... B ( )
,
.1
, .
, .
.2
. .
. .
.3
, . .
.
208
C ( )
.1 “t”
: 27.6, 23.8, 22.9, 28.3, 22.5 25.0 : 28.3, 33.5, 27.2, 31.1, 29.9 30.0
4 t– . ( 2.776)
s = + t --------
n = 28.3 ( ) = 32.3 ( ) s
= – t -------- n = 21.7 ( ) =27.7 ( )
: s - ; n - .
- t = -------------- sA
2 sB2
------ + ------ nA nB
t- 9 0,02- t- . 98%- .
.2 “t”
: : 27.6, 23.8, 22.9, 28.2, 22.5 25.0 : 25.2, 29.9, 26.4, 28.7, 27.3 27.5 : 28.3, 33.5, 27.2, 31.1, 29.9 30.0
( ) = ( -1)8520/ = 3 (5-1) = 12
58.512
04.6712
25.1140629.11473222
vxnx
S ji
S = 5.58 = 2.362 : ;
(SE) 5
2x362.2
N
1TSxSE
: T - N -
= t SE : t - ( ) = 2.50 = 2.5 1.494 = 3.735
98%- . .
D ( )
/
209
0 50 100 500 1000
98 99 105 100 100 1 01 102 103 97 101 104 102 97 100 99 96 102 105 96 104 99 101 102 97 102 100 97 98 98 100 99 97 96 100 103 98 85 91 93 92 88 84 90 84 89 90 87 93 88 87 85 86 82 84 17 9 8 11 16 13 11 12 9 15 15 7 8 15 17 10 12 9 9 3 4 11 3 7 7 5 8 7 4 5 5 6 9 7 6 8
101 99 88 12 6
E ( )
,
.
. : 3, 4 1 , , 9 , . 6
.
1- . 16.5 18.3 6.4 3 .1 7.2 6.3 10.3 10.8
8.3 9.8 37.5 2.9 6.7 5.9 9.6 8.7
1) ; .
. .
.2-
.1- .
10%- . 15%- .
210
F ( )
,
. ) ISO 11296- . ) . ) (ISO 11269- ) )
.
) 50 , 100 , 500 1000 .
) 4 . 70% ,
4 . ) 5.4- .
211
13.080.30 .
. 2- :
Soil quality. Determination of the effects of pollutants on soil flora. Part 2: Effects of chemicals on the emergence and growth of higher plants
NS ISO 11269-2:2002
, 2002 06- 27-
29 .
2002 07- 01- . .
1.
ISO 11269
.
.
. .
2.
ISO 11269- , .
.
. , - .
ISO 10381-6:1993, . . 6- :
, ,
MNS ISO 10390:2001. .
3. ISO 11269 . : ( ):
. - -
.
212
( ): .
:
.
4.
1 .
.
.
5.
, .
. ( )
.
6.
,
. 85-95 .
1- 2 . 1- 2-
.
. 4 - 5 .
1,5%- (3% ) . (0,02 - ) 20%- . ISO
10390 - 5-7,5- .
(
).
1: .
ISO 10381-6
.
213
1
( ) 1
,
, ( )
, ( )
Sorghum, ( durra, , )
Secale cereale L. Lolium perenne L. Oryza sativa L. Avena sativa L. Triticum aestivum L. Hordeum vulgare L. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Zea mays L.
2 ,
( ( ) ( )
, ,
Birdsfoot fenugreek
Sinapis alba Brassica napus (L.) ssp. napus Raphanus sativus L. Brassica rapa ssp. (DC.) Metzg Brassica campestris L. var. chinensis Trifolum ornithopodioides (L.) Lactuca sativa L. Lepidium sativum L. Lycopersicon esculentum Miller Phaseolus aureus Roxb.
. - .
2: .
. . :
./ / ; .
7.
4 .
214
.
0( ), 1 / , 10 / , 100 / , 1000 / .
(2- ) .
1000 / - .
3: 1,2,4,8,16
. .
( ) .
.
20 24 .
.
, , .
. 50% 14-21
.
4: . : .) :
. .) : . .) : 16 / .
7000 - .
. d.) :
, Avena sativa- 80%, Brassica rapa- 60% .
. ,
. .) : , , ( )
f.) .
.
215
5. - .
5 .
8.
; 70-800 - 16
, .
6: .
. ( ) ( )- .
7:
. Ma .
) ) 1 - . )
.( ) )
.( )
8: .
9.
. : ) ISO 11269 ) ( , , ) ) :
- - - ( ) - - - - ( .) - , -
d) ISO 11269 , .
216
e) , : ;
f) g) :
- - - ( )
h) . - - - - ( )
i) ( ) j)
. k)
l)
.
( )
.1
. ,
.
.2 . .
.
.
.3 . (
) . . . 24
.
.4 - (
)- . .
.5
. .
217
.6 (
.) , . 2
( ).
1 . 2 . 1050 - .
.
100xm
mmmWC
d
dts
:
ms + + ;
mt ( + );
md ( ).
( )
.1
2 , .
,
.
.2
, ,
( 6.3- ). :
.
.3
3 ; 6.3- ,
, 4 .
2 , .
, 4 .
.
218
, .
.4
.
.
( )
[1] ISO 11465:1993. . .
219
: 13.080.99 ,
NS 5546 : 2005 General requirements for assessment of soil erosion and degradation of vegetation cover in pasture lands
2005 12 08- 56
.
2006 01 01- .
, .
, , , ,
, .
1.
, .
. 2.
, . :
1) . , . , .
, , , 15 , .
2) , , ( ).
3.
, , , .
– , , , ; – , , , ; –
, ; – , ;
– , ;
2 , , ; 4. ,
, .
, ,
.
220
.
5. , 5.1. , 5.2. , 5.3. , , GPS 5.4. 5.5. 5.6. 5.7. 5.8. 5.9. 1,0; 0,5; 0,1 – 6. .
: 6.1. , 6.2. , 6.3. 1,0 - , 6.4. 2 , ,
7. 1-
,
1,0 -
,
, %
2
,
0 1 2 3 4 5 1 5-15,9 20-30 5-10 100-3002 16-30,9 31-40 11-20 301-500 3 >31 >40 >21 >501
8. . : 8.1. 8.2. , 8.3. , 8.4. ,
9. 2-
,
%
,
0 1 2 3 4 5 1 51< 10-30 1-2 20-40 2 20-50 31-50 3-4 41-60 3 <20 <51 >5 >61
.
221
222
( )
,
1) . . “ ” /1983/ 2) . . , . . “
”, . 1993.203 . 3) H.E.Dregne,1986. “Desertiffication of arid lands” // In Physics of Desertiffication, ed. F.El-Baz
and M.H.A.Hassan. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus, Nijhoff. 4) Liu Zhongling, Hao Dunyuan “The Ecosystem Conservation and Sustainable Develepment of the
North Steppe of China” // The International Conference on The Optimum Allocation of water Resource The Ecological Envirroment Construction and The Sustainable Development in Arid Zone. Huhhot. 2002. 345-370 p.
5) . “ , ” . 2000 6) . “ ”.
. 1993
223
03.080.30 -
MNS 4588 : 2008 Services for consumers - Hotel. General requirements MNS 4588 : 2004-
, 2008 11 27– 59
.
2009 04 01– .
. 1 1.1 . 1.2 , . 2
. -MNS 4946:2000, , -MNS 4244:94, . , -MNS 900:2005, , - MNS 5824 :2007, , , -MNS 4967 :2000, . . , , - MNS 5344 : 2003, . . , - 2.08.02- 89, , - 2.01-85, ,
3 , 3.1 – , , ,
3.2 - MNS 4967 :2000 . 3.3 -
. : - ; - , ; -
4 “ ”-
5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.1.1 , , , ,
, , .
224
5.1.1.2 , , , .
5.1.1.3 10 ,
. 5.1.1.4 , , . 5.1.1.5 , . 5.1.1.6 . 5.1.1.7 10- . 5.1.1.8 ,
. 5.1.2 5.1.2.1 ,
. 5.1.2.2 35
. 5.1.2.3 , 2,5 - . 5.1.2.4 1.4 - , 1.2 -
. 5.1.2.5 , . 5.1.2.6 . 5.1.2.7 , , 20 0 -
. 5.1.2.8 , , ,
.
5.1.2.9 , . 5.1.2.10 , ,
. 5.1.2.11 .
, . 5.2 5.2.1 , 5.2.1.1 30 2- . 5.2.1.2 10-
. 5.2.1.3 , . 5.2.1.4 . 5.2.1.5 24 , , .
225
5.2.1.6 , . 5.2.1.7 . 5.2.1.8 , . 5.2.1.9 ,
. 5.2.1.10 , ,
. 5.2.1.11 , ,
. 5.2.1.12 , , , . 5.2.2 5.2.2.1 , . 5.2.2.2 , , , ,
, , . 5.2.2.3 0.90 - ,1.2 - , 1.08 2-
, 2,5 2- . 5.2.2.4 ( , , )-
4 %- , . 5.2.2.5 , ,
, 5.2.3 5.2.3.1 , ,
. 5.2.3.2 , , , ,
. 5.2.3.3
. 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.1.1 , :
, - 9 2 , - 12 2 , 80 %- .
4 2- .
5.3.1.2 , , . 5.3.1.3 2000 900 , 2000 1600
- . 5.3.1.4 120 - ,
.
226
5.3.1.5 2- . 5.3.1.6 400 700 - , 750 1150 - . 5.3.1.7 15 - , 220 - 250
. 5.3.1.8 ,
. 5.3.1.9 . 5.3.1.10 / / . 5.3.1.11 / , ,
/ . 5.3.1.12 , , . 5.3.1.13 /3- /,
. 5.3.1.14 . 5.3.1.15 . 5.3.1.16 , , ,
, “ ”, “ ”, “ , ”- . 5.3.1.17 , . 5.3.2 5.3.2.1 3,8 2- . 5.3.2.2 , , . 5.3.2.3 . 5.3.2.4 , . 5.3.2.5 . 5.3.2.6 ,
. 5.3.2.7 , . 5.3.2.8 . 5.3.2.9 , , , . 5.3.2.10 . 5.4
“ , . ” MNS 4946 : 2005 .
5.5
227
5.5.1 1. 5.5.2 , ,
. 5.5.3 24
. . 5.5.4 .
: 1. , , . 2. . 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.1.1 ,
. 5.6.1.2 . 5.6.1.3 . 5.6.1.4
. 5.6.1.5 ( , , )
, . 5.6.1.6
. 5.6.2
“ . ”. MNS 4244 : 94 , ,
, , . 5.6.3 5.6.3.1 , , , ,
, , , , ,
. 5.6.3.2 “ . MNS 900 :2005”
. 5.6.3.3 , ,
, , . 5.6.3.4 MNS 5344 : 2003 ” . .
” . 5.7 5.7.1 , ,
.
228
5.7.2 , .
5.7.3 , , ,
. 5.7.4 , , , , , ,
. 5.7.5 , . 5.7.6 80-
. 5.7.7 , , , ,
, , , , , , .
5.7.8 . 5.7.9 . 5.7.10 .
.
229
1. “ ”- -2006
2. – 2006
3. -2006-2012
4. - 2006-2012
5. -2006-2012
6. -2006
7. - 2007
8. -2007
9. -2004
10. -2003
11. “ -2015” -2006
230
5927:2008
231
43.020
–
MNS 5013 : 2009
Petrol engine vehicle – Maximum acceptable level and measuring method of exhaust emission MNS 5013 : 2003–
, 2009 09- 30- 15
.
2009 11 01- .
, .
1
(CO, CH)- , , , ,
, , .
2 2.1 ,
(2500 / ± 200 / ) , (CO, CH)-
, , .
2.2 ,
, , , , , , , ,
. 2.3
, , , .
400 - , 50 / - , ,
.
3 .
-MNS 4598 : 2003, , -MNS 4990 : 2000, , . ,
, -MNS ISO 4804 : 99, –
, -ISO 3930 : 2000, Instruments for measuring vehicle exhaust emissions, - 52033 - 2003, .
. , -Council Directive 70/220/EEC of 20 March 1970 on the approximation of the lows of the Member States
relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by gases from motor vehicles, -Council Directive 83/351/ of 16 June1983 amending Council Directive 70/220/EEC on the
approximation of the lows of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by gases from positive - ignition engines of motor vehicles,
232
- 1997 (
) 4 , 4.1 . 4.1.1 -
, ( ) . 600 - .
4.1.2 – 2000
.
4.1.3 – , ( )
4.1.4 -
, ,
.
4.1.5 -
, .
4.1.6 –
, ,
4.1.7 –
, , , ,
, ,
4.1.8 ( ) - – ,
, ,
4.1.9 ppm – , -1- 4.1.10 – ,
, , . 5 5.1 ,
, , (n . ) (n - 2500 / ± 200 / )
. 5.2
, 1- . .
1- -
,
233
,
, %
,
, , -1
, 3.5 -
n . 2.0 800 n 1.5 ,
3.5 - n . 1.5 500 n 1.0
,
n . 0.5 250 n 0.3
: n . – ,
n – ,
. .
5.3
. - , ,
, , - , - , - , - , , - .
6 6.1 6.1.1
, , , (n )- – .
1± 0.03 . 6.1.2 , ( )-
. 6.1.3
7 . 6.1.4
. 6.2
6.2.1 .
- , - (N) ,
- , - , - , - , - ,
- 30 - ,
- 1 – 2 .
234
- (n. . ) 20 ,
, , - (n. ) ,
15 , , ,
- .
6.2.2 . 7 7.1
. 7.2
2- . 2- -
CO
CO2
CH
O2
,
0 - 9,99% 0,01%
0 - 19,9% 0,1%
0 - 10000 ppm 1 ppm
0 – 25,0% 0.1%
45 - 160 0C 2 0C
0.50 - 2,500 0.001
0 - 6000 -1 100 -1
7.2.1
CO, CO2, CH, O2 . 7.2.2 5 0C – 40 0C, 220 ± 20 . . 8 8.1 8.1.1
. “MNS 4990:2000 , . , ”
. . 8.1.2 ,
.
235
8.1.3 : 1. , 2. , 3. , , , ,
, , , 4. , , , , ,
, , 5. , , , 6. , , , ,
, 7. , .
.
236
43.020 -
MNS 5014 : 2009
Diesel engine vehicles – Maximum acceptable level and measuring methods of opacity
MNS 5014:2003–
, 2009 9- 30- 15
.
2009 11 01- .
, . 1
, , , ,
, . 2 2.1 “
” , ,
. 2.2
. ,
, , , , , ,
. 2.3
, , , .
3 -MNS 4598:2003, , -MNS 4990:2000, , . ,
, -MNS ISO 4803:1999, –
, -ISO 3930:2000, lnstruments for measuring vehicle exhaust emissions,
52160-2003, , . .
, -Council Directive 70/220/EEC of 20 March 1970 on the approximation of the lows of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by gases from motor vehicles, -Council Directive 88/436/EEC of 16 June 1988 amending Directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of the lows of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by gases from motor vehicles (Restriction of particulate pollutant emissions from diesel engines), - a 1997 . (
)8
237
4 , .
4.1 – ,
( ) ( - )-
4.2 – nmax :
, -1
4.3 - nmin : , -1
4.4 -
, ( %- , -1 .
4.5 - - ( -1), %-
, %- . ( (%) ( )- .)
4.6 ppm – , -1
4.7 – ,
4.8 – , , , .
5
5.1
. 5.2 1-
. 1- -
, ,%
3.5 - 35.0
3.5 - . 40.0
5.3
. :
238
- , , - , , - - , - , - , . 6 6.1 6.1.1 ,
, , . 6.1.2 , ( ) .
6.1.3 (N) .
6.2 .
6.3 .
6.4 6.4.1 . 6.4.1.1 :
- , - - .
6.4.1.2 : - - , 600 - , - , - . - 20 .
6.4.2 . : - ,
, , - , - 30 - , - , - ( ) 0.5 – 1.0
. 2 - 3 . 8- 10 .
. 6 , 3 .
0.5 -1 15%- . 3
. .
239
- .
- (n), (K) (t)- .
6.4.3 .
7 7.1
2- . 2- -
.
%-
, , RS 232
0 - 100 %
0.1%
0 – 9.99 -1 0.01 -1
0 - 160 0
1 0
0 – 9999 -1 1 -1
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,
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240
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241
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.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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242
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
243
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.
.
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, 1983 252-
1984 01 01-
1988 01 01- .
. ,
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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, .
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.
:
.
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.
,
.
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,
.
244
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.
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20- 20-
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3.2. ,
.
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.
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( , , )- , ,
.
: 200 .
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.
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245
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.
.
246
: 65.020.40
,
, MNS 5973 : 2009 The size of green facilities (garden) and its distance in
construction planning and engineering infrastucture development
, 2009 09 30- 16 .
.
.
1
1.1 , , , , , ,
.
2
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247
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3 , ,
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5 1.5 0.6
6 2.0 1.0
7 2
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8
:
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/ , 3.0 3.0
/ 2.5 2.0
/ 5.0 2.0
9 , :
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/ 2.5-4.0 1,0-1.5
/
2.5-4.0 1.0-1.5
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.
248
: 65.150
.
MNS 5974 : 2009 Gill nets for commercial fishing.
General requirements
, 2009 09 30- 16 .
.
.
1
, ,
, .
2
,
, , . 3
.
- ISO 1107:2003, - ISO 16662-1:2009, 4 ,
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, (1- )
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249
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5
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5.2
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6.1
6.1.1
,
.
6.1.2
, 1-
.
250
,
40 40,
50 50
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380
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50 50
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380
330
40 40,
50 50
4.0-6.0
380
50 50
2.0-4.0
250-280
200-230
300-400
300-380
-
50 50
4.0-6.0
450
50 50
1.5-2.0
495
450
50 50
4.0-6.0
440
4.0-6.0
350-420
390-450
50 50
2.0-4.0
450
400
250
350
40 40,
50 50
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250
251
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, . 2
.
, ,
. .
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.
6.1.5
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, . , 2 .
.
252
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. 2: 36-47
. . . 1985.
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., . . 2006. , .
ISO 2003, International Standard Organization, (online), http://www.iso/en/stdsdevelopment/tc/tclsit/TechnicalCommitteStandardslistPage.TechnicalCommitteStandardsList?COMMID=36018&INCLUD=ESC=YES, (2003)
Mika Kurkilahti., Martti Rask. 1996. A comparative study of the usefulness and catch ability of multi mesh gill nets and gill net series in sampling of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and roach (Rutilus rutilus L.)// Fisheries Research 27: 243-260.
254
: 67.080.10
. MNS 5693 : 2006
Ced r nuts. Technical requirements
, 2006 12 21 - 47 .
2007 01 15- .
.
1
, , , , , .
2
.
- /RCP 59:2005, - -9769-001-85620810-2001, . - GB 0788:1999, - EEC 209/92, ,
3 ,
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,
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20
3.3
3.4
20
3.5
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255
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( )
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3.7
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3.8
,
3.9
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4
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-
-
5
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1-
/
1 , 2
3 . .
3 . .
5.3 2- - .
-
2-
/
1 , % 4,0 4-5,0 2 , % 16,0 14,0 3 , % 60,0 55,0 4 - , % 14,0 10,0 6 , 650,0 600,0 7 1, 0,52
256
8 2, 0,16 9 , 20,0
10
,
/
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11 ,
,
% 0,5 1,0
12 , % 0,5
13 , % 0,1 0,2
5.4 3- , .
,
3- / ,
1
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200 100
5.5 4- .
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6
5- . 5-
( ) 50-100
101-300 301-
5 15 20
257
, 1500-2000 .
7 ,
. : 7.1 MNS 5293:2003, ( 1)
7.2 MNS 5295:2003, ( 2)
7.3 MNS ISO 4830:1999, , , ,
7.4 MNS ISO 4891:1999, 7.5 MNS 5169:2002, , 7.6 MNS 4496:1997,
7.7 MNS 4499:1997,
7.8 MNS ISO 11212-1:2000,
7.9 MNS ISO 11212-2:2000,
7.10 MNS 4497:1997,
7.11 MNS 5551:2005, 1, 2, G1, G2-
( ) 7.12 MNS 5549:2005, 1, 2, G1, G2-
( ) 7.13 MNS 5132:2003, . 7.14 MNS 4832:1999,
8 ,
8.1 . 8.2 3 ±1,0 %, 3 ± 2,0 %- . 8.3 “ . MNS (ISO) 8367-1:1998”, “
. MNS 5296:2003”, “ . MNS 4082:2001” .
258
8.4 , “ . MNS ( ) 4280:95” . 9 , 9.1 “ . MNS 5364:2004”
, 70 %- , 150 - .
9.2 0.4 -
, 5- . 9.3 1 - . 9.4 1 .
9.5 ,
.
.
259
67.080.10
. MNS 5786 : 2007
Siberian Pine nut. Technical requirements
, 2007 11 08- 52
.
2007 12 15- .
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(Pinaceae Lindl)- (Pinus Sibirica /Rupr/ Mayr.)- , , , , ,
. 2
.
o CAC/ RC P59:2005, 3
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3 . .
4 . .
260
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2- -
/
1 , %, 12-16 16-20
2
, (1000
220 - )
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180-220 )
3
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4 , %-
2,0
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3- -
/ 1 25 - 2 1 - , 1 103 3 ,
5
4- .
4- , ,
10 11-20
21-
0,5 1 2
6
. :
- MNS ISO 4891:1999, ; - MNS 5169:2002, , ; - MNS 5132:2003, . ; - MNS 2431-77 . .
7 , 7.1 50 , , . 7.2 ± 2,0%- . 7.3 .
261
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, 70 %- , 15° - , .
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, , 1 - . 8.3 8.1 8.2- 1
. 8.4 , ,
.
.