protein synthesis: transcription & translation
DESCRIPTION
Cell Structure The cell is 80% proteinTRANSCRIPT
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HONORS BIOLOGY SOL.BIO.6F
Protein Synthesis:Transcription
& Translation
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MAKING PROTEINS!
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WHY DO WE NEED PROTEINS? Cell Structure
The cell is 80% protein
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WHAT DO WE NEED FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?
DNA
Template for making mRNA during Transcription
*The template strand is the DNA strand being copied
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WHAT DO WE NEED FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?
RNAA) mRNA = messenger RNA
Makes and takes copy of DNA to the cytoplasm
B) tRNA = transfer RNABrings the anticodons to pair with the codons on the mRNA strand
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WHAT DO WE NEED FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?
Ribosome
Amino Acids Building blocks of proteins Protein = AA chain
ORDER MATTERS!!
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STEPS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Transcription (Writing the “message”)
DNA -> mRNALocation = Nucleus
Steps:1. Enzyme binds to DNA, unzips it2. mRNA copy is made from DNA template
*U replaces T in RNA* mRNA complements known as codons
Only 3 nucleotide “letters” long
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TRANSLATION mRNA -> tRNA -> protein (AA
chain) Location= cytoplasm
First codon in mRNA is the start codon AUG
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STEPS TO TRANSLATION 1. mRNA moves to the cytoplasm and binds with
ribosome 2. tRNA brings the anticodon to bind with the Codon 3. Ribosome moves down to mRNA to next codon 4. tRNA anticodon brings & attached next AA with
peptide bond (Elongation) 5. tRNA leaves ribosome once AA attached
Attached amino acid that is carried from cytoplasm to ribosomes
http://wn.com/protein_synthesis_animation
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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
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NOW LET’S PRACTICE!DNATriplet
mRNACodon
tRNAAnti-codon
TACGGACCTGTAACT