proposed sand mining project of on river satluj of area:...
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Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 21 of 35
PRE-FEASIBILITY
REPORT
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 22 of 35
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
S.No. Information Details
1. Project name Sand Mining Project
2. Mining Lease Area 29.708 Ha or 73.41 Acres
3. Location of mine Hadbast No.: 452 Murba No.: 9 Killa No.: 16, 17/1, 17/2 , 18, 23, 24, 24/1,24/2,25/1, 25/2 Murba No.: 18 Killa No.: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,18, 23, 24, 25 Murba No.: 10 Killa No.: 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,25 Murba No.: 17 Killa No.: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,25 Murba No.: 11 Killa No. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 Murba No.: 16 Killa No.: 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,14, 17, 18, 19, 20/1,
20/2, 21, 22, 23, 24
Village Dugri Tehsil Balachaur
District : SBS Nagar
State : Punjab
4. Coordinates Corner 1: 31°0’17.64”N, 76°17’34.128”E Corner 2: 31°0’17.57”N, 76°17’55.954”E Corner 3: 31°0’15.207”N, 76°17’56.011”E Corner 4:31°0’15.193”N, 76°17’57.969”E Corner 5: 31°0’13.568”N, 76°17’57.955”E Corner 6: 31°0’13.554”N,76°18’0.339”E Corner 7: 31°0’3.233”N,76°18’0.176”E Corner 8: 31°0’3.365”N, 76°17’34.101”E
6. River/Nalla/Nadi River Satluj
7. Minerals of mine Sand
8. Proposed Production 140358 Tonnes Annually
09. Method of mining Semi-Mechanized
10. Drilling or Blasting No
11. No of working days 300 days
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 23 of 35
12. Water demand Drinking +domestic use: 0.585 KLD
Dust Suppression : 2.0 KLD
Green Belt Development : 2.1 KLD
Total Water Requirement: 4.685 KLD that is 4.7 KLD
13. Man Power 13-15
14. Nearest railway station Rupnagar Railway Station, approx. 22.5km towards East
15. Nearest state
highway/national
highway
NH-95, approx. 20 Km towards South
16. Nearest air port Sahnewal Airport, Ludhiana approx. 36km
towards WSW.
2. INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT/ BACKGROUND INFORMATION
2.1 Identification of Project and Project Proponent
• Name of the Project: Sand Mining Project on River Satluj
• Location of the Project: Dugri, Tehsil: Balachaur, District- SBS Nagar, State- Punjab.
• Production: 140358 Tonnes Annually
2.2 Name and address of the Project Proponent:
M/s. Department of Industries & Commerce (D.I.C),
Govt. of Punjab (General Manager, SBS Nagar)
DIC, Kulam Road, Nawanshahr, SBS Nagar, Punjab
2.3 Brief description of nature of the project
The project is open cast mining of minor mineral in the form of Sand. About 140358 Tonnes Annually.
Entire process will be through semi- mechanised operation.
The project has been proposed by M/s. Department of Industries & Commerce (D.I.C). The project
proponent had obtained a lease for 5 years over an area 29.708 Ha on River Satluj at Village- Durgi,
Tehsil- Balachaur, District- SBS Nagar, State- Punjab.
2.4 Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country or Region
Sand is used widely in the construction industry. It is usually mixed with cement and other
ingredients to create mortar for building. It is also used in agriculture, as sandy soils are ideal for
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 24 of 35
crops such as watermelons, peaches and peanuts. Sand is also used in Aquaria as it makes a low cost
aquarium base material.
2.4 Demands-Supply Gap
Building huge infrastructure as being envisaged by Government of Jharkhand and India particularly
in road and housing sector requires basic building raw materials. Thus the demand for Sand is ever
growing with the growth of the infrastructure sector in our country. The requirement for the mineral
is always high in the nearby cities and towns. Therefore there is always a good demand of the mineral
in the domestic market.
2.5 Imports vs. Indigenous Production
The demand in the domestic market is high for Sand. Mineral is available in abundant quantity in
allotted area and can be excavated indigenously.
2.6 Export Possibility
There is no proposal to export the mineral as the minerals excavated, cater the indigenous demand
and the development is a never ending process.
2.7 Domestic/ Export Markets
DOMESTIC MARKET
There is always an ever increasing demand of these minerals in the domestic market.
EXPORT MARKET
The proposed mining activity is for indigenous consumption only for real state, road making etc. So
no export will be envisaged.
2.8 Employment Generation (Direct and indirect) due to the project
The total direct manpower requirement for the proposed mining operation will be around 13-15.
Indirect employment is also expected due to the associated activities.
3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Type of Project Including Interlinked and Interdependent Projects, If Any.
The proposed project for excavation of Sand is an independent project in which minerals excavated
will be directly sold in the local markets.
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 25 of 35
3.2 Location
The mining lease area is located at on River Satluj at Village- Dugri, Tehsil – Balachaur, District-
SBS Nagar, and State- Punjab.
The co- ordinates of the mine lease area are:
PILLAR NO COORDINATE RIVER NAME Corner 1 31°0’17.64”N,76°17’34.128”E
SATLUJ
Corner 2 31°0’17.57”N,76°17’55.954”E Corner 3 31°0’15.207”N,76°17’56.011”E Corner 4 31°0’15.193”N,76°17’57.969”E Corner 5 31°0’13.568”N,76°17’57.955”E Corner 6 31°0’13.554”N,76°18’0.339”E Corner 7 31°0’3.233”N,76°18’0.176”E Corner 8 31°0’3.365”N, 76°17’34.101”E
Khasra map as Annexure II, Buffer map of 1 km radius Google map as Annexure III, and 10 KM Topomap showing project site as Annexure IV is attached in this regards.
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 26 of 35
The vicinity map of the mine location is given below:
PROJECT SITE
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 27 of 35
3.3 Details of alternate sites considered and the basis of selecting the proposed site,
particularly the environment considerations gone into should be highlighted.
Mineral is site specific as well as the lease has been allotted in the particular area. Hence no
alternative site is examined for mining. The land has been allocated by government for the mining
only. As there is potential of Sand in large amount, so the mining will help to use a resource for
beneficial purposes.
3.4 Size or magnitude of operation
The proposed mine has lease over an area of 29.708 Ha. or 73.41 Acres. The maximum rated
capacityof the project will 140358 Tonnes Annually which will be excavated out in layers.
Table 2:-Reserve Calculation
3.5 Project description with process details This is an open-cast mining project, confined to excavation of Sand from the proposed site. The
operation will be semi-mechanized. The minerals will be collected in its existing form. Excavation
will be carried out only up to a depth of 3 m (Maximum) below ground level or above water level,
whichever is less. Excavation of Sand material will be done only during the day time and completely
stopped during the monsoon season.
Section Line
Sectional Area from
Drawing m2
Average Sectional
Area m2
Average distance between
adj. Section
Vol. of Sand m3
Geological Reserves F= x 1.8 tonnes
Safety zone
Width m
Safety zone Vol in section
along each
boundary m3
Safety zone Vol
across section along
boundary
m3
Safety zone Vol m3
Safety zone
Reserves
tonnes
Reserves Of
intercalated clay, pebbles
and kankars tonnes
Minable
Reserves
tonnes
Dugri
AB 660 771 279 215109 387196.2 7.5 5782.5 1900.5 7683.0 13829.4 19359.8 340711.3
CD 882
CD 882 717 294.5 211156.5
380081.7 7.5 5377.5 2009.0 7386.5 13295.7 19004.1 361077.6
EF 552
Total 767277.9 15069.5
27125.1 38363.9 701788.9
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 28 of 35
3.6 Raw Material Required Along With Estimated Quantity, Likely Source, Marketing
Area of Final Product/s, Mode of Transport of Raw Material and Finished Product
No raw material will be required in the proposed project. The operation involves only the excavation
of Sand in its existing form and transported to the end users/ market.
3.7 Resource optimization/ recycling and reuse
Minerals are generally depleting asset once mined; but minerals like Sand will be replenished
naturally. Thus a scientific approach will be taken up for excavation of mineral with systematic
method.
3.8 Availability of water, its source, energy/ power requirement and source
3.8.1 Water Requirement
Table 5:- Water requirement
Activity Water requirement (KLD) Dust suppression 2.0
Domestic (45 liter/person) 0.585
Green Belt Development (3 liters/tree)
2.1
Total 4.685
Thus, total water requirement will be 4.685 KLD that is 4.7 KLD. This water will be supplied from
the private tankers on rent.
3.8.2 POWER
All the activities will be carried out in a Semi-Mechanically. The material will be excavated and
loaded directly into tractors. The operation will be done only from sun rise to sun set. So there is no
power requirement for the mining activity. However diesel will be requiring for machinery used in
mining activity description given in table below:-
TABLE: Requirement of Various Mining Machineries and Diesel Consumption
Sand Excavation & Primary loading
Secondary loading
Diesel Consumption Tippers
Mine Production tonnes per
annum
Mine Production tonnes per day
Rounded off
No. of Poclain machines required
/day considering 8 hour/shift
Rounded off JCB
machines required /day for loading Tippers to destination
Diesel consumption litres /day for Poclain
Diesel consumptio
n litres /day
for JCB
Total Diesel
Consumption litres /day
Diesel consumpti
on K. litres / annum
Rounded off No of truck trips required per day
140358 468 1 2 90 140 230 69 7.0
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 29 of 35
3.9 QUANTITY OF WASTES TO BE GENERATED (LIQUID AND SOLID) AND
SCHEME FOR THEIR MANAGEMENT/ DISPOSAL
3.9.1 Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal
Insignificant amount of Domestic solid waste will be generated from the proposed project. 80600
tonnes of top soil will generated.. The soil covering the sand horizon commands good demand and
may be distribute to neighborhood farmers free of cost. The top soil cover should not be wasted and
disposed off anywhere else.
3.9.2 Liquid Effluent
Liquid effluent will be generated and managed through Portable Bio-Toilet shall be provided for the
workers at the site. The sewage generated from the toilet provided for the mine workers shall be
collected and treated by the inbuilt process of DRDO patented Bio technology using specially
cultured anaerobic bacteria.
4 Site Analysis
4.1 Connectivity Nearest Railway Station Rupnagar Railway Station, approx. 22.5 km towards East
Nearest Airport Sahnewal Airport, Ludhiana approx. 36 km towards WSW
Road connectivity Machhiwara- Rahon Highway, approx. 15 km towards West
Nearest Town Balachaur, approx 7 km in towards North Nearest Village Dugri, approx. 02 Km towards North East
4.2 Landform, land use and land ownership
The proposed activity is to take place in the bed of the River Staluj. The land form is mostly river bed
and non-forest land. The entire land is Government Land.
Moreover there will be no change in land use as the mining will be confined to the dry river bed,
which will get replenished naturally with the continuous flow of water in the subsequent rainy season.
4.3 Topography
The district forms a part of Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain. Geomorphologically, the area can be
grouped into 2 units-alluvial fan and alluvial plains. Alluvial fans are mainly found in the foothills
deposited by hill torrents. These alluvial fans coalesced to form Kandi formation and Sirowal
formation, which runs parallel to Siwaliks. This belt exhibits steep slope in the north, which become
flat in the south. Majority of the district is covered by alluvial deposits comprising sand of various
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 30 of 35
grades and clays with varying amount of silt and kankar.
Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Nawanshahr.pdf
4.4 EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN AND SHORTEST DISTANCES FROM FORESTS,
WATER BODIES, ECO-SENSITIVE AREAS, ETC.
The applied area has mild sloped towards south to north direction the highest level of area is
420.20mRL towards NW direction while the lowest level is 421.80mRL towards NE flank. The entire
mining lease lies within dry bed of River Satluj. The existing land use pattern is dominated by
agriculture which is followed by forests and barren land.
Water Body Satluj River Mining lease allocated on this river.
4.5 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
The site has no existing infrastructure, except for connecting road for transportation.
4.6 SOIL CLASSIFICATION
The soils in the district can be grouped under Reddish Chestnut Soils and Tropical Arid Brown Soils
(Weakly Solonized). These soils have formed from the alluvium deposited by rivers of Indus system.
The soils are generally loamy sand at the surface and calcareous sandy loam in the sub-surface layers
with a hard pan of gravel at 1.2mbgl. Reddish chestnut soils are found in Balachaur tehsil while
tropical arid brown soils are found in the remaining parts of the district.
Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Nawanshahr.pdf
4.7 CLIMATIC DATA FROM SECONDARY SOURCES
Nawanshahr (Now SBS Nagar) district experiences a tropical steppe, hot and semi-arid type of
climate. The area receives normal annual rainfall of 924mm, which is spread over 41 days. 79% of
the rainfall is contributed by south-west monsoon. Generally, rainfall in the district increases from
southwest to northeast.
Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Nawanshahr.pdf
4.8 Social Infrastructure Available
Road Connectivity Lease area is connected via an un-metalled road of approx. 340 m to the metalled road (Labangarh to Sultanpur) in South direction
Nearest Railway Station Rupnagar Railway Station, approx. 22.5 km towards East
Nearest Airport Sahnewal Airport, Ludhiana approx. 36 km towards WSW
Nearest School/College Prathmik Vidyalaya, Dugri, approx. 1 Km towards North East
Hospital Bagga Clinic, Balachaur, approx. 7 Km towards North
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 31 of 35
5 PLANNING BRIEF
5.1 Planning Concept
Mining will be done as per the guidelines MMDR Act-1957, MMR-1961, Mines Act-1952, Mines
Rules-1955 and Punjab Minor Mineral Concession Rule and amendment thereof. This is an open-cast
Semi-mechanized l mining project. Excavation of minerals will be carried out only up to a depth of 3
m. 7.5 m of safety zone will be maintained.
5.2 Population projection
The project will employ most of the workers from nearby villages except for supervisory staff. Thus
there will no increase in population due to the project. However, few people from other area may
migrate in this area for employment directly and indirectly for business opportunities. Most of the
workers will be involved from the local population.
Census data of Project Village: Dugri (452), Subdistrict: Balachaur, District: Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab Items Details Town/Village census code 032356 Name of Village Dugri (452) Number of Household 32 Total Population 182 Total Male 83 Total Female 99 Children 26 Schedule caste 57 Literate 125 Illiterate 57 Worker 57 Non Worker 125 Source: Census of India 2011,
5.3 Land use planning (Break up along with green belt, etc.)
Mining will be done in layers starting almost from the within the allocated area. The area so
excavated will get filled up due to sediment inflow during monsoon.
Plantation will be done near the civic amenities or road sides in consultation with the local
authorities/Government body as it is not feasible to plant trees in the lease area. Native plant / tree
species will be planted.
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 32 of 35
5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure Demand (Physical & Social)
Infrastructure like evacuation road, site services will only be required. Only local villagers from
nearby villages will be employed for the mining activity. Thus no housing facility is proposed.
5.5 Amenities/Facilities
The following facilities/amenities will be extended by the mine management:
• Direct and indirect Employment, most of which most will be from nearby villages.
• Arrangements for safe and healthy working conditions & temporary rest shelters
• Provision of Drinking water.
• Provision of PPE
• First-Aid facilities and Health check-up camps for the workers.
• Conducting medical camps for workers and nearby villagers at regular interval.
•
6 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE
6.1 Industrial Area (Processing Area)
No industrial area is proposed.
6.2 Residential Area (Non Processing Area)
As the local people will be given employment, no residential area/ housing are proposed.
6.3 Green Belt
Approx. 2000 trees are to be planted within 5 years of the Plan Period. It is proposed to plant local
trees along the haul road and the bank of rivers or at the available place with consultation with
concern Local authority or Gram Panchayat. Phase wise Green belt plantation is for Five years as:
Table-7:- Phase wise plantation programme
S. No Years No of Trees
1 1st Year 500
2 2nd year 500
3 3rd Year 500
4 4th Year 500
5 5th Year Maintenance
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 33 of 35
Table 8:- List of Trees proposed for Green belt development S/n Binomial
name Family Common
name Hindi Name Sensitive/ Tolerant Height Regeneration by
1 Acacia auriculiformis A.cunn
Mimoseae Australian Wattle
T 16m By Seeds.
2 Acacia dealbata Link
Mimoseae Silver Wattle
T 15m By Seeds.
3 Acacia farnesiana Willd
Mimoseae The Cassia Flower
Gandh-babul T 5m By Seeds.
4 Acacia ferruginea DC
Mimoseae Safed Khair
Somasara T 3-5m By Seeds
5 Acacia mearnsii de Wild
Mimoseae Black wattle
T 20m By seeds, Root suckers
6 Acacia nilotica(Linn) Willd.
Mimoseae Indian Gum-
Arabic-tree
Babul T 8m By Seeds.
7 Albizia moluccana Mig
Mimoseae White popinae
Subabul,Vilaitibaral T 15m By Seeds
8 Albizia odoratissima benth
Mimoseae Black Siris
Kala Siris T 18m By Seeds
9 Alstonia scholaris (linn.)R. Br.
Apocynaceae Chattiyan T 15m By Seeds
10 Anona swuamosa Linn.
Anonaceae Custard apple
Seetaphal T 10m By Seeds March
11 Anona reticulata Linn.
Anonaceae Bullock's Heart
Luvuni,nona T 10m By Seeds
12 Azadirachta indica A. juss.
Meliaceae Indian Lilac
Nim T 20m By Seeds Jan
13 Balanites roxburghiji planch
Balanitaceae Desert-date
Hingan T 9m By Seeds.
14 Barringtonia acutangula (l)Gaertn
Barringtoniaceae Indian Oak
Hijal T 9-12m By Seeds. M
15 Cassia pumila Lamk
Caesalpinaceae Yellow cassia
T 10-12m By seeds
6.4 Social infrastructure
• Road facility (existing roads will be maintained regularly) • Employment opportunity • Medical camps • Social awareness camps,
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 34 of 35
• Donations to schools • Secondary employment opportunities
6.5 Connectivity
The lease area joins the nearest metaled road going towardsLabangarh and Sultanpur by an unmetaled
road at a distance of approx 340 m in the South direction. Haul Road Map of 1 km radius is attached
as Annexure V
6.6 Drinking Water Management
Water required for drinking purpose will be obtained through private tankers on rent.
6.7 Sewerage System
Portable Bio-Toilet shall be provided for the workers at the site. The sewage generated from the toilet provided for the mine workers shall be collected and treated by the inbuilt process of DRDO patented Bio technology using specially cultured anaerobic bacteria. 6.8 Industrial Waste Management Not applicable 6.9 Solid Waste management No Solid Waste Management system is proposed.
6.10 Power Requirement & Supply/Source.
Mining activity will be done manually during day hours from sunrise to sunset, hence there is no
power requirement for the proposed activity.
7 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R&R) PLAN
The mine area is river bed, so rehabilitation and resettlement plan is not required
8 PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST ESTIMATES
8.1 Likely date of start of construction and likely date of completion.
The project will commence once Environmental Clearance and other necessary certificates are
obtained from the respective departments.
8.2 Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project
The total cost of project would be around Rs. 14.5 Lakhs
Proposed Sand Mining Project of on River Satluj of Area: 29.708 hectares, Village- Dugri, Tehsil- Balachaur, District-SBS Nagar, Punjab
Consultant: Ascenso Enviro Pvt. Ltd Page 35 of 35
8.3 Environmental protection cost:-
Table-9:-Total Project Cost Break-Up
Sr. No.
Description Cost in Lakhs
2 Cost of infrastructure, Site facilitiesetc. 2.5. 3 Environnemental Protection Cost 11.0 5 Miscellaneous 1.0
TOTAL 14.5 Table-10:-Environmental Management Plan Cost Break-Up
SI. No. Measures Cost in Lakhs (in Rs.)
1 Haul road Maintenance 1.5 2 Dust suppression (water sprinkling) 1.0 3 Monitoring Cost
i) Air monitoring (Half yearly-2 Samples) 2.0 ii) Water monitoring (Yearly- upstream & Downstream)) 1.0
iii) Noise monitoring (Half Yearly- 2 samples) 1.0 4 Green Belt Development 2.25
5 Green Belt Maintenance 2.25
Total 11.0
9.0 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS)
The Project will bring economical benefits to the state by the way of Royalty for mineral.
Achieving a huge infrastructure as being envisaged by Government of India particularly in road and
housing sector requires basic building materials. Sand is one of primary building material required for
the purpose. The mining activities as proposed are the backbone of all construction and infrastructure
projects as the raw material for construction is available only from such mining. Sand excavated is in
high demand at the local market for real estate industry.
This project operation will provide livelihood to the poorest section of the society/economically
backward population and tribal in the area. It provides employment to the people residing in vicinity
directly or indirectly. The mine management will also help nearby villages by providing aid to school,
conducting medical and social awareness camps, helping in formation of self help groups, etc. Thus
the project will bring about socio-economic improvement of the area and will prove beneficial to the
area. **********