proposal seminar presentation compatible file.ppt

7/28/2019 proposal seminar Presentation compatible file.ppt

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WELCOME

NAMASTE!Proposal seminar



Research Topic:

PERFORMANCE OF TOMATO CULTIVARS AS

INFLUENCED BY NUMBER OF SIDE DRESSES IN

RAINY-WINTER SEASON UNDER PLASTIC ROOFING

CONDITION IN FAR- WESTERN TERAI

Principle investigator:

Krishna Pd. Tiwari

R 2010-HRT- 02 M

Major Advisor: M. D. Sharma, Ph. D.Minor Advisor: A. K. Shrivastav, Ph. D.

: K. R. Joshi



Introduction

Background of information:

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum): one of major commercial vegetable crops, widely grown (plains and hills).

Area under tomato in Nepal: 19724ha, Production: 317657 MT,productivity: 16.10 MT/ha (CBS, 2010)

In the plains, tomato can be produced successfully as winter tospring season crop and as off-season in two growingseasons, spring (slightly later) and rainy to autumn (slightly earlier).




Tomato production inside plastic house during rainy season is

a new and modest technology to many of the farmers inNepal (Pandey et al., 2006).

Adoption : greatly increased employment opportunities

Production during rainy season in open field condition is still very difficult job (Pandey et al., 2006)

Production in summer and rainy season has extremely beenlimited by high temp0C and adverse moisture condition(flooding).




Needs protection from intense rainfall through plastic roofingand an undercover by cotton net.

Some of the progressive farmers in Banke, Khajura area have

been involved in autumn season tomato production sincepast 10 years or more.

Farmers are producing early tomato that fetches high pricesduring Deepawali festival at October at first harvest inKailali district.



Statement of the Problem

Tomato possesses relatively:

- Higher return

- Year round demand

- Peak demand in especially in the autumn season

In fact, it is due to the co-effect of:

-decreased supply and increased consumption

Though the technology is highly successful, seed availability and varietal option has became major constraints.




Production in summer and rainy season is extremely limitedby temperature and moisture in early summer andtemperature along with moisture in rainy summer (Kuo etal., 1979).

At this time, bacterial wilt and high temperature affect theplant drastically cutting down the yield (Villareal, 1979).

High temperature induces floral drop, low fruit set, poor

growth and development of fruit causing poor quality andproduction.

Reduced fruit set due to high ambient temperature are alsoone of the important problems directly related to yield




Maximum day (>320

C) and minimum night (<210

C)temperatures are known to limit fruit set due to an impairedphysiological process in flower and fruit setting and orabscission (Bhattarai and Subedi 1996).

Heat, blight and bacterial wilt susceptible varieties cannot becultivated during rainy season.

The general ambient temperatures during summer in westernTerai exceed this range and during monsoon thetemperature fluctuates much more.



Justification of the study

Rainy season tomato is a major source of income to thegrowers in the very limited areas in plains.

A large quantity of this vegetable is imported from India(Prasad, 2000).

There is a high potential of growing tomato in off season tomeet the domestic demand all over Nepal.

Which could be produced with the introduction of heat and

rain tolerant hybrids or OP varieties[rainy seasonproduction (Pandey, 2004)].

Plastic house technology was found highly successful.



Justification of the study

Production inside the plastic house during rainy season inhilly areas has become very popular and profitable wherethere is market access (Pandey et al., 2006)

Such areas are far from the cities of Terai region in the senseof geographical hindrances and lack of transportation.

Lack of season specific fertilizer management information to

have good fruit yield in Terai condition is utmost need toexpand rainy- autumn season tomato production.

To provide alternative option of varietal trials and fertilizer

management trails in farmer field should be performed.



Goal:

Poverty reduction through increased income of offseasontomato farmers.

Purpose:

Introduction of innovative technology for tomatoproduction in rainy-winter season securing food andnutrition.

General objective: E valuation of tomato cultivar inresponse to fertilizer management for increased yieldand quality of rainy-winter season tomato in terai

condition.

Goal, purpose and objectives



Specific objectives:

Appraising yield and yield attributing characteristics of heattolerant and bacterial wilt resistant tomato cultivars.

Assessing optimum no. of side dresses (NPK mix fertilizer)for rainy-winter season tomato.

To find suitable cultivar and no. of side dresses (NPK mixfertilizer) for improved yields in rainy season condition inTerai

Introduce and encourage offseason tomato cultivation inTerai region.

Goal, purpose and objectives



Null hypothesis (H0):

The performance of tomato cultivars will be same incombination with varying number of side dressing under

plastic roofing in rainy-autumn season.

Alternative hypothesis (H1):

The performance of tomato cultivars will be different incombination with varying number of side dressing underplastic roofing in rainy-autumn season.

Hypotheses



Scope of off season tomato production

Performance of heat tolerant (hot set) varieties

Fertilizer management (no. of side dressing) affecting flower,fruit growth and development

Role of mix fertilizer applying frequently at cropping season

Weather extremity affecting fruit yield and quality (role of Tand RH for fruit set)

Literature Review



Location (map showing research site)

Materials and Methods



Research field (28º29' 40'' north latitude and 81º 02’ 58’’)

Vijayanagar, Tikapur MCP, Kailali Nepal.

Map showing research site



Time of study: May to September

Agro-meteorological features of the Study: Maximumand minimum temp0C, RH will be taken from Tikapurairport station and Temp during observation period will alsobe taken from research field.

Experimental materials:

Tomato cultivars (1 op and 2 F1 hybrids) will be procured fromNepalese Market.

Fertilizers (Urea, DAP and MoP); B and Ca and others will beapplied as recommended (SSMP, 2007).

Plastic roofing structure: bamboo poles, plastic, covering net

Materials and Methods



Experimental design: factorial RCBD- 2 factor

Factor 1: Three levels of Varieties:Factor 2: No. of Side dressing: 4 levels (1, 2, 3, and 4

times)

Total no. of treatments: 12 Replication: 3 times

Treatment Details:

T1: NCL 1131 + 1 SD T7: Dalila + 3 SD

T2: NCL 1131 + 2 SD T8: Dalila + 4 SD

T3: NCL 1131 + 3 SD T9: Surya 111 + 1 SD

T4: NCL 1131 + 4 SD T10: Surya 111 + 2 SD

T5: Dalila + 1 SD T11: Surya 111 + 3 SD

T6: Dalila + 2 SD T12: Surya 111 + 4 SD

Experimental design treatment details:



Layout of experimental area:



Structure of plastic house:



Procurement of input and construction of plastic house

Bamboo logs of essential number will be procured locally.

Seed will be procured from agrovets in kathmandu

and fertilizer and PPM, hormones will be procured fromlocal market.

Plastic sheet of 200 micron thickness for roofing area willbe used as glazing material.

Cotton net will be procured from local market and usedunder the glazing material for temperature reduction.

Other materials needed: cartoon tape, rope, metal pin,etc. will be procured in local market.



Agronomic practices

PPM and essential micro and macro nutrients will be

applied following the recommendation for rainy seasontomato cultivation under plastic house.

Seed sowing: separate nurseries for different varieties will

be made. Seed spacing: 10cm * continuous sowing Transplanting: seedlings of 3 wks age (4 true leaf stage)

will be transplanted over the pits of 50 cm depth* 25 cm d.)Spacing: 50 cm * 45 cm

Fertilizer doses and application method: Basalapplication of 5:10:5 gm of Urea, DAP and MoP per plant(SSMP, 2007). Side dressing of 5:10:5 gm of Urea, DAP and

MoP per plant (SSMP, 2007) by ring method of application.



Agronomic practices

Irrigation: frequency and amount will depend on moisture

status of soil. Watering will be done using rose can- nursery stage

Buckets and jugs - transplanting stage

Between furrows by garden pipe – later stages

Training and Pruning: only two canes will be retained andall other side shoots, suckers will be removed, trellis systemof training will be done erecting a pole in every 4 plant and

3 cross wire will be tied to support plants in between.

Harvesting: performed on yellow color or breaking stage with the help of rust proof still scissors.



Observations

1. Vegetative growth parameters:

Plant height: by measuring tape at every 10 days interval after 10DAT

Stem diameter: 3rd to 4th inter node stem girth by measuringtape (c = πd2/4)

Leaf area index (LAI): leaves will be outlined in graphalong with the use of LA meter as well for accuracy. (LA/GA)

Height of first truss

Number of leaves between two consecutive trusses:

Growth habit: (indeterminate, determinate, semi-det.)

2. Floral parameters:

Earliness: Days to first, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% truss initiation.



Observations

3. Yield parameters:

Fruit characters: (10 fruits per lot for observation) Average fruit weight (gm)

Fruit shape: 1-3 scales (1 ═ Round, 2 ═ Ovoid, 3 ═ Pearshaped)

Fruit length (cm) Fruit diameter (cm)

Fruit length/diameter ratio (L/D)

Number of Locules per fruit

Truss characters:

Number of flowers per truss

Number of fruits per truss

Average length of truss



Observations 3. Yield parameters:

Fruit set percentage: Earliness: days to first harvest

Fruiting period: period from first harvest to final harvest

Production and Productivity: fruit no./plant*frt. Wt*totalplant population per hactere

Taste preference: organoleptic test for different purposes(Chutney, curry, air-dried chips)

B: C ratio: = Gross benefit / Gross cost



Statistical Analysis

Recorded data will be compiled using Ms Excel. Mean comparison

will be performed with the help of DMRT/MSTATC. The results will be interpreted with supporting Tables and figures.

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Table

Source of

variance Degree of freedom Sum of

squares Mean

squares Computed F

Tabul

ar F 5%

Replication r-1=2 Treatment ab-1=11

Variety (A) a-1=2 Fertilizer (B) b-1=3

A x B (a-1)

(b-1)=6 Error (r-1)

(ab-1)=22 Total rab-1=35



Primary beneficiaries:

Semi-commercial and commercial tomato growers in theentire Terai and inner Terai region (Hot and humidtropics)

Secondary beneficiaries:

Researchers, academicians, extension agents anddevelopment workers

Upstream beneficiaries:

People involved in marketing of tomato (collectors,retailers, wholesaler, distributors, and consumers).

Beneficiaries



Weather as well as lab conditions during the study period remain conductive.

Good coordination with farmers for all the activities

Availability of plant protection measures (agro-chemicals, hormones).

Risk and assumptions



Budget summery

S.N. Activity/ Items Unit Number Rate Total (Npr.) 1 Plastic House Construction Plastic

house 3 10590 31770 2 Tools and Implements Set 1 3430 3430 3 Other Essentials 1 7560 7560 3 Other Essentials 1 7560 7560 4 Travel cost (Tickets/ fuel/

Hire) Lump sum 1 6000 6000 5 Publication (Report, Drafts,

Thesis) Lump sum 1 12500 12500 6 Advisory Visit

(Monitoring) Lump sum 1 5000 5000 7 Total 66260 8 Over head

@ 10% of Total6626

Grand Total (NRS.) 72886

W k l



Work planAct

ivit

y Description July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Fe

b Aug Nov Seed sowing and nurseryestablishment. Procurement equipments, materials

for plastic house construction and

agrochemicals. Transplanting of seedlings

Observation for vegetative,

reproductive, maturity, and yield

attributing parameters. Fruit harvesting and yield

observation Observation of physical parameters

of fruit

Organoleptic taste observation.

Tabulation and Analysis of data. Preparation and Submission of thesisreport.



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