projet d'extension du laboratoire souterrain de modane
DESCRIPTION
Projet d'extension du Laboratoire souterrain de Modane. F. Piquemal Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (CNRS/IN2P3 ). Conseil scientifique IN2P3, 5 mai 2011. Deep Underground Laboratories. Soudan. Boulby. SNOLab. YangYang. DUSEL Homestake. Modane. Canfranc. Gran Sasso. WIPP. Kamioka. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Projet d'extension du Laboratoire souterrain de Modane
F. Piquemal Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (CNRS/IN2P3)
Conseil scientifique IN2P3, 5 mai 2011
Soudan
Modane
Gran Sasso
BoulbyYangYangSNOLa
bDUSELHomestake
KamiokaINOWIPP
Canfranc
Deep Underground Laboratories
Physics beyond the standard Model, search for rare events or decays
Proton decay GeV Origin of the creation of deep underground labs
SUSY
Neutrino oscillations and astronomy Mev - GeV Solar neutrinos Atmospheric Accelerators SuperNovae
Neutrino properties MeV Double beta decay Nature and mass of neutrino
Dark matter keV Universe content
Underground Physics
DEEP Underground Labs in Europe
Boulby (UK)IUS
Canfranc (Spain)
Gran Sasso (Italy)
Modane(France)
Coordination efforts in the context of ILIAS And ASPERA networks
Modane
Modane
Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane
CNRS and CEAhttp://www.lsm.in2p3.fr
Built for aup experiment (proton decay) in 1981-1982
Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane
COMMISSARIAT À L’ÉNERGIE ATOMIQUE
DIRECTION DES SCIENCES DE LA MATIÈRE
FRANCE ITALIE
AltitudesDistances
1228 m 1298 m1263 m0 m 6210 m 12 868 m
4700 m.w.e
From a particle physics experiment to a multi-science plateform
1979 - 1981 1982- 1990 1990- 2000 2000 - ….
Construction p Experiment
Proton decayNeutrino: double beta decay, double ECDark matterNuclear structure
Logical test failures in microélectronics
Prototypes Experiments
Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane
Ultra low radioactivity measurement: Environmental sciences, applications
Depth: 4800 m.w.e.
Surface:: 400 m2
Volume : 3500 m3
Muon flux: 4 10-5 µ.m-2.s-1
Neutrons:Fast flux: 4 10-2 n.m-2.s-1
Thermal flux: 1.6 10-2 n.m-2.s-1
Radon: 15 Bq/m3
Access : horizontal
Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane
Budget (full cost): 1 M€/yr Staff: 3 Physicists
3 Engineers7 Technicians
~100 users
International associated laboratory agreement with JINR Dubna (Russia) and CTU Prague (Czech Republic)
LSM: external facility
Permanent exhibitionfor general public
2 000 visitors/year
Offices, workshop, outreach space and guest rooms
Double beta decay : Tracking + calorimeter - 100Mo 7 kg
Neutrino physics: NEMO -3
Dark matter: EDELWEISS
Bolometric technique: Heat + Ionization Ge crystals - 40 kg
x 2
preliminary
Neutrino physicsDouble EC search (106Cd)TGV-II (Ge with sheets of Double EC candidates)
TGV II SHIN
BiPo (related to SuperNEMO, measurement of thin film at the level of 1 µBq/kg)In preparation MIMAC prototype (Dark matter TPC for DM directional detectionMEMPHYNO prototype for megaton – scale cherenkov detector
Other experimentsNuclear physicsSuper Heavy Element In natureSHIN (osmium ore surrounded by 3He neutron detectors)
Neutron detectors at LSM
3He counters Sphere TPC Gd loaded liquid scintillator
Support from ILIAS TARI for the 3 detectors
Scientific activities @ LSM
Radon detectors – sensitivity ~1 mBq/kg (electrostatic collection of radon daughters) Saga University (Japan) and Dubna (Russia))
13 HPGe from 6 different laboratories of CNRS and CEA are available at LSM
Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane
- Material selection for astroparticle physics,
- Environnemental research (oceanography,
climat, retro-observation,….)
- Environmental survey
- Applications (wine datation, salt origin,…)
- Developements of Ge detector (ILIAS)
In Europe, even remote mountain landscapes are man-made
Perspectives
Pin cembro Sapin
Epicéa
Noisetier
Pin cembro
Sapin
Pin cembro
Sapin
Pin cembro
Epicéa
8900 cal. BP
8000 cal. BP
5600 cal. BP
3600 cal. BP
Forest reconquest
Closing of the forest space
First forest opening (human or climate?)
Open space: deforestation
Noisetier Epicéa Pollen data, Villy, Haute Savoie, 2250m asl
Les neutrons et les rayonnements alpha de la radioactivité naturellesont la source d’erreurs dans les circuits de microélectronique
L’utilisation de matériaux « radioactifs »peut entrainer des incidents industrielsmajeurs
Le LSM est laboratoire de référencepour la norme internationale JEDEC en microélectronique
La nano/micro-électronique au LSM
Monte-Carlo Simulation of Underground Experiments
0
50
100
150
200
Nu
mb
er
of
SE
U
Duration ( 104 hours)
1 21.2 1.4 1.6 1.80.2 0.4 0.6 0.80
0.5 ppb
0.37 ppb
0.2 ppb
RT experiment
Simulations
×
• Up to 20,000 h of cave characterization
• -SER reevaluated to 2079 FIT/MBit
• Monte-Carlo simulation gives a contamination level by 238U impurities of 0.37 ppb
• Very good agreement with wafer-level characterization (alpha emissivity) in the range [0.2-0.5] ppb
In 2006, the project of a safety galery along the Fréjus roadway tunnelstarted to be realistic. An unique opportunity
– Deepest site in Europe (4800 mwe) – Known and « good » site (low convergence, dry, stiff rock)– Central location in Europe, easy access (plane, train car) – 23 years experience in running such platform– Independent, convenient, safe, horizontal access– European Roadmap new projects – Integration of project to tunnel company planning and constraints– Performed pre study : moderate cost
ULISSE project ULISSE Project
Scientific Motivation : To be able to host the next generation of neutrino and dark matter experiments To develop the multi-disciplinarity of the laboratory
LSM Extension project
Present LSM
Fréjus roadway tunnel
Safety gallery
New laboratory
LSM extensionLSM Extension project
Comparison of Underground Labs
Neutrino (DBD) SuperNEMO (tracko-calo method)COBRA (solid TPC)
Dark matter:EURECA (Bolometers)DARWIN (noble liquid) EoIMIMAC (TPC)ULTIMA (Superfluid 3He)
Double ECTGVIII Double EC (pixellized detector)Double EC with Ge detectors
R&D for proton decay and neutrino physicsMEMPHYNO
Supernovae neutrinos:TPC sphere
Logical test failure
Low background techniqques
:Environmantal measurement
Sediment in alpin lakes
International call for letter of interest June 2008 12 LoI received and one Expression of Interest
ULISSE Project
2 workshops to present projects
Reviewed by an InternationalScientific Advisory Committee
SuperNEMO @LSM
Inverted hierarchy
Normal hierarchy
Degen
erated
Tracko-calo detector 100 kg of isotopes (20 modules)
55m100m
14,9m22,5m
SuperNEMO @LSM
20 modules shielded by water tanks
Space requirements: 32 m X 15 m
Minimum height: 13 m
EURECA infrastructureEURECA @LSM
Dark matter search with 1 ton of bolometers
EURECA infrastructureEURECA @LSM
Dimensions : 30 m x 14 mHeight : 14 m
EURECA infrastructureLow radioactivity plateform
Ultra low plateform LSM, EDYTEM (Université de Savoie), LSCE (CNRS and CEA), LGGE (U. Grenoble,CNRS), LPSC (U. Grenoble, CNRS)
Improvement of detectors for low radioactivity measurements
Material selection
Use of radioactivity for environmental research :Oceanography : Study of metals in the ocean, studies of water columnsRetro-observation : Human effect on the environment, study of Alpin lakesWater quality : possibility to use sediments to know the state reference for theLake and the river as requested by EUStudies of temperature water effect and fishing on the fish ressourcesClimatologyGlaciology,....
Expertises : environmental survey Wine datation Salt origin,....
Plateforme de Calcul pour les Sciences du Vivant
Virtuous cycle
Modeling the impact of radiation on living cells: Geant4 DNA
Validation: need for relevant observables to characterize biological systems
– Cell survival rate– DNA single or double strain breaks– Molecular biology: genomic
mutations, gene expression Experimental protocol: compare
observables after controlled radiation exposure
– In normal lab conditions– After beam irradiation (γ, e-, p, α)– Need for a reference point at zero-
radiation: Modane
Geant4 DNA
Biologists, computer scientistsPhysicists, chemists
Plateforme de Calcul pour les Sciences du Vivant
The reference point: LSM
In normal lab conditions, cultures are exposed to 10 Millions cosmic rays per day per square meter
– Low but significant radiation exposure
In Modane, down to 4 cosmic rays per day per square meter
Goal: study evolution of model organisms in radiation free environment
– Bacteria life cycle– Mutation rate– Localization of gene mutations, gene expression– DNA breaks
LSM extensionLSM Extension status 1st EQUIPEX call ULISSE demand 19,5 M€
Including : Civil Work (12 M€) Equipments (3 M€) SuperNEMO 1st Module (1,5 M€) EURECA (1,5 M€) MIMAC (0,5 M€) Low radioactivity plateform (1 M€)
ULISSE ranked at 61 position ex-aequoNew strategy : To find the cavity funding outside of EQUIPEX call
To submit equipments and detectors to 2nd call of EQUIPEX
A constraint is to confirm the option for the civil work before September 2011
Funding in discussion for civil work 12 M€
Expected contribution from State, Rhône-Alpes, Savoie and CNRS (~1 M€)
LSM extensionLSM Extension
- Safety galery work started in October 2010
- 600 m excavated, TBM installation in progress
- Laboratory digging end 2012
- Option for laboratory to be confirmed before sept 2011
- Pre-study funded by LSM and UK in 2007- Detailed Studies in 2011 (Rhône-Alpes, Savoie, CNRS)
New LSM in operation mid-2014
LSM extensionLSM Extension
There are several project of underground laboratories around the world
The extension of LSM will be one of the depth laboratory and will be attractive bythe quality of the site and the access.
Complementray offer with the other EU labs
It will allow to host some of the projects of the astroparticle roadmap in particular on double beta decay and dark matter searches.
Developments of the multidisciplibnaire plateform
Possibility to welcome new sciences : biology, geosciences,....
Laboratory built for at leats 40 years, very high scientific potential
Open to international partners
Enrichment of 150Nd for double beta decay
Factor of merit 150NdActivity = A
A0 = M0 2 x G0 (Z, Q) x < m>2
Isotope Q (MeV)Abondance
isotopique (%) G0(an-1) x 1025
48Ca 4.271 0.187 2.44
76Ge 2.040 7.8 0.24
82Se 2.995 9.2 1.08
96Zr 3.350 2.8 2.24
100Mo 3.034 9.6 1.75
116Cd 2.802 7.5 1.89
130Te 2.528 33.8 1.70
136Xe 2.479 8.9 1.81
150Nd 3.367 5.6 8.00
150Nd is the best for GO phase space
Neodynium project started in 2006 with a strong involvement and support from S. Jullian, G. Wormser and S. Katsanevas by studying the possibility to useMEMPHYS AVLIS facility
2008 : Collaboration 150Nd created between SuperNEMO and SNO+ collaborationto study the possibilities to produce high quantities of 150Nd
MEMPHYS facility dismantled in 2008
2010 : possibility to study and built a dedicated industrial facility for 150Nd isproposed by CEA
Status on 150Nd enrichment
Le projet SuperNEMO – Le besoin
• Détecter la désintégration « double bêta sans émission de neutrino » pour déterminer la nature du neutrino
• Isotopes retenus à ce jour : – 82Se :
• approvisionnement possible à court terme• Moins favorable que 48Ca ou 150Nd (bruit, élément de matrice, …)
– 150Nd ou 48Ca• Pas d’approvisionnement en grande quantité possible d’ici 2018• Probabilité plus élevée, meilleur rapport signal/bruit
• Besoin estimé en Nd enrichi : 100 kg de Nd à 60% en 150Nd
Les technologies d’enrichissement du 150Nd
• UCG– Russie : développement en discussion
• Laser : – Russie : production au niveau du laboratoire– France :
• Expérience MENPHIS : 200 kg of Uranium at 2003• Savoir-faire – Livre de procédé SILVA uranium=> Proposition de réaliser une installation pour la production de Néodyme enrichi
Phase du projet
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Etude détaillée
Etude de conception et R&D en support
APS et APD
Réalisation – Construction de l’installation
Production
1
2
3
1 : Décision d’engagement de la phase de définition et de conception (R&D + APS)2 : Décision d’investissement dans l’installation3 : Mise en opération
Phase I(’10~‘12)
Engineering Demonstration (Pilot System) - Fiber-based Lasers - Productivity: 1kg/yr (0.2g/hr)
Phase II(’13~’14)
Production Demonstration (Prototype System) - Productivity: 5kg/yr (1.0g/hr) - System Review
Phase III(’15~’16)
Production (Production System) - Productivity: 25kg/yr (5g/hr)
33
22
11
2828
48Ca enrichment by KAERI (member of SuperNEMO collaboration)
Grant from South Korean governement
Level of enrichment 25%, 50% possible