Progress in U.S. Grid Energy Storage Systems

IMRE GYUK, PROGRAM MANAGER

ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH, DOE EGRD Berlin 10–22 -14

Grants

Cost shared Projects

DOE Loan Guarantee

FERC

CA: AB2514 1.3GW

Tax Incentives

Research Development Demonstration Niche Market Mass Market

The Federal Role

NY: 2100$/kW

Venture Capital

HI: 200MW RFP

Project Financing

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 TRL CRL 1 2 3 4 5 6

R&D Demonstration Deployment

Basic Science Applied System Pilot Scale

Commercial Scale-up Market Acceptance Bankable Product

DOE-OE Project Mapping

ARRA Projects

Non-aqueous Flow

V/V Redox

Na flow

Mg-ion

Stat. Li-ion

Zn-I2

Codes and Standards

System Safety

Regional Use Cases

ES Test Bed

2nd Use Li-ion

Application Protocols

Reliability Testing

Power Electronics

Technology Development Activities Stakeholder Acceptance Efforts

4

ARRA Stimulus Funding for Storage Demonstration Projects

Leveraged Funding: $185M vs. $585M

• Show technical feasibility • Gather cost data • Stimulate regulatory changes • Generate follow-on projects

Frequency Regulation

DOE Loan Guarantee – Beacon: 20MW Flywheel Storage for Frequency Regulation in NY-ISO Commissioned July 2011 210,000 MWh of FrequReg delivered!

►This project provided the basis for FERC to establish “PAY FOR PERFORMANCE”!

ARRA Project – Beacon Hazleton, PA. 20MW Frequency Regulation for PJM. Start: June 2013 - 16 MW installed Drawing Revenue: 17,000 MWh Commissioning of full 20MW Aug. 2014

Frequency Regulation using Energy Storage is now

a Commercially viable Business in FERC compliant Regions!

ARRA – Duke Energy / Younicos (Xtreme)

36MW / 40 min battery plant – Remote Operation Ramp control, Smoothing, Frequency Regulation Linked to 153MW Wind farm at No-Trees, TX

Clean Tech 100 in 2010 / 11

Ribbon Cutting March 28, 2013 23,000 MWh delivered

ESNA Best Project 2013

►This project was crucial as a pilot for ERCOT’s consideration to establish “PAY FOR PERFORMANCE”!

Flow Batteries

ARRA - Enervault: 250kW/4hr Fe-Cr Flow Battery

PV: 300 kW Storage: 250 KW Peak output: 450kW Storage Cost: +16% Storage Value: +84% Commissioned May 22, 2014

Tracking PV in Almond Grove

Installation of Tanks at Turlock Leveraging PV with Storage

ARRA- Primus Power: 25MW / 3hr battery plant for the Modesto, CA Irrigation District, Providing equivalent flex capacity of a 50MW - $73M gas turbine

EnergyPod 250kW / 1MWh Power Box

Gas Turb Storage

Cap Cost: $73M $50M Ramp: 300 sec 5 sec CO2 66k met. tons 0 Area: 1 acre ¼ acre

2012- 50 Hottest Tech Startups 2011-GoingGreen Global 200

BPA / Puget Sound Grid Project: PNNL Analysis Program selects cost-effective site and scale to optimize Value Stream Primus Power, developed under ARRA funding to install 500kW / 2hr ZnBr Flow Battery

PNNL, Nov. 2011

2012 Federal Laboratory Consortium Award for Technology Transfer

Materials Research at PNNL:

Mixed Acid Electrolyte for V/V Flow Batteries yields 2x energy density

Licensed to: Imergy Joule-Watt UniEnergy (UET)

V/Fe Flow Battery technology

Licensed to: Aartha USA (WA) 10x Scale-up Development at PNNL

Advanced Batteries

ARRA - Southern California Edison / LG Chem – Li-Ion:

8 MW / 4 hr battery plant for wind integration at Tehachapi, CA.

Tehachapi: 4,500MW Wind by 2015!

8MW / 32MWh Storage Plant

Construction of Facility and Commissioned: Sept. 2014 Integrator: ABB

Integrator: Ecoult

2 ARRA Projects using EastPenn Ultra-Batteries

Public Service NM: 500kW, 2.5MWh for smoothing of 500kW PV installation; Commissioned Sep. 2011

EastPenn, PA 3MW Frequency Reg. 1MW 1-4hrs Load Management during Peak Periods

Commissioned June 2012 Over 700,000 kWh of regulation Services delivered to PJM !

Hydro Tasmania, Australia's largest battery on King Island Installed: December 2013 3MW / 1.6MWh EastPenn Ultrabattery for renewable integration and a totally green Island!

Integrator: Ecoult

2013 Australia National Innovation Award

Reduces Diesel >65%

–

+ Cathode: Manganese Oxide

Anode: Carbon composite

Electrolyte: Aqueous solution

Separator: Cellulosic material

ARRA – Aquion Energy: Aqueous Hybrid Ion (AHI) Battery

ARRA – SEEO: Solid Polymer Electrolyte Battery

SunShot PV Installation with 10kWh Battery

► DOE ARRA $5 M – VC $100 M ► Over 120 employees!

Compressed Air

ARRA - SustainX:

Development of a Totally Green Isothermal Compressed Air Energy Storage System

GE Ecomagination Award 2010/11/12 Global Cleantech 1.65MW Prototype Commissioned Dec. 2013

► MOU for Full Scale Deployment with Funding from DOE, POSCO and Korean Ministry of Trade in preparation

RESILIENCY

Every $1 on protection measurements Can prevent $4 in repairs after a storm!

Energy Storage for Emergency Preparedness

Trends indicate the situation will get worse not better!!

Some 50% of Diesel Generators failed to start during the Sandy Emergency Storage allows Microgrids to provide essential Services over an extended Time Period During non-emergency Periods Storage can provide Demand Management for the User and compensated Services to the Grid Apartment Buildings – Campuses – Schools – Shopping Centers – Community Centers – Nursing Homes – Hospitals – Police Stations – Gas Stations – etc. etc

Vermont Public Service Dept. – DOE Green Mountain Power Solicitation issued by VPS. Joint funding by VPS, DOE-OE, GMP Rutland, VT 4MW / 3.4MWh of storage Integrated with 2MW PV Integrator: Dynapower Groundbreaking: Aug. 12, 2014 Situated on Brown Field Area Ancillary grid services, peak shaving during high load periods System can be islanded to provide emergency power for a resilient microgrid serving a highschool/emergency center.

Washington State Clean Energy Fund:

Solicitation for $15M for Utility Energy Storage Projects Selected Projects with UET V/V technology:

Snohomish PUD (2MW / 6.4MWh) – PNNL -- U of WA Avista (1MW / 3.2MWh) – PNNL -- 1 Energy -- WA State

PNNL will participate in both Projects, providing siting analysis, benefit optimization and system testing

INDUSTRY TOOLS

Energy Storage Test Pad (ESTP)

SNL Energy Storage System Analysis Laboratory Reliable, independent, third party testing and verification of

advanced energy technologies from cell to MW scale systems

System Testing •Scalable from 5 KW to 1 MW, 480 VAC, 3 phase, Both power and energy use tests. •1 MW/1 MVAR load bank for either parallel microgrid, or series UPS operations •Subcycle metering in feeder breakers for system identification and transient analysis •Safety Analysis Milspray Deka Battery under testing

GS Battery at DETL

DOE International Energy Storage Data Base energystorageexchange.org supported by Strategen Over 1000 energy storage projects from 58 countries. 50 energy storage technologies are represented

Energy Storage Technology Advancement Partnership ESTAP

ESTAP has produced 21 webinars, in the areas of energy storage policy, and energy storage project case studies. Some examples: http://www.cesa.org/webinars/ Policy:

California’s New Energy Storage Mandate (11/19/13) Introduction to the Energy Storage Report for State Utility Regulators (4/24/2013) State Electricity Storage Policies (7/12/2012) Energy Storage and Renewable Portfolio Standards (12/19/2011) Technology/Projects:

Optimizing the Benefits of a PV and Battery Storage System (9/16/13) Duke Energy’s Storage Projects (11/13/13) Maui EnergyStorage Case Study (3/6/13) Applications for Redox Flow Batteries (12/20/12)

Grid Energy Storage Safety Initiative DOE identified Validated Safety as a critical need for the success of grid energy storage.

The ability to validate the safety of energy storage systems will: • Decrease human and financial risk, • Minimize installations costs, • Accelerate acceptance of new storage

technologies.

To address this need DOE is engaging key energy storage stakeholders: • DOE OE Energy Storage Safety Workshop, February 2014 • DOE OE Webinar on Energy Storage Safety, April 2014 • DOE OE Safety Panel – ESA annual meeting and conference, June 2014 • DOE OE Strategic Plan on Energy Storage Safety – September 2014

Storage Safety 101

Storage Performance Protocol

Safety Web site: Documents

Directory of Applicable Codes

Facility 20-25%

Power Electronics

20-25%

Energy Storage Device 25-40%

Storage Economics: The Cost of a Storage System depends on the Storage Device, the Power Electronics, and the Balance of Plant The Value of a Storage System depends on Multiple Benefit Streams, both monetized and unmonetized

LCOE depends on Application! Policy is important!

Energy Storage is Coming of Age!

New Cost effective Technologies

New Benefit streams opened

Major solicitations / Mandates in: California (1.3 GW)

Hawaii (60-200 MW) Ontario (50 MW)

Involvement of States: VT, WA, OR

DOE Loan Guarantees Solicitation