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PROGRAMME BOOK

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CONTENTS

MESSAGE

CEO of Malaysian Technology Development Corporation 3

Dato’ Norhalim Yunus

The Chairman of 7th ICBWI 4

Prof Dr Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

Co-Chairman of 7th ICBWI 5

Prof. Dr Hesham El-Enshasy

PREFACE 6

TENTATIVE PROGRAME 7 - 19

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE MEMBERS 20

STEERING COMMITTEE MEMBERS 21 - 22

BIOGRAPHY OF KEYNOTE AND INVITED SPEAKERS 23 – 42

ABSTRACTS

Keynote and Invited Speakers 44 – 62

Track 1 - Plant and herbal bioprocessing - standardization and profiling (Part 1) 63 - 73

Track 2 - Microbial-based products and bioprocessing 74 - 84

Track 3 - Molecular engineering 85 - 93

Track 4 – Agribiotechnology 94 - 100

Track 5 - Product formulation and controlled release for wellness industries 101 - 107

Track 6 - Nootropics and Nutraceuticals 108 - 114

Track 7 - Plant and herbal bioprocessing - standardization and profiling (Part 2) 115 - 122

Track 8 - Tissue engineering 123 - 130

Track 9 - Omic Technologies 131 – 138

POSTER PRESENTATIONS 139 – 151

LIST OF SPONSORS 152

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MESSAGE FROM

CEO OF MALAYSIAN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

DATO’ NORHALIM YUNUS

Assalamualaikum and greetings to all,

Welcome to the 7th International Conference on Biotechnology for the Wellness

Industry (ICBWI). Over the years, Wellness related industries have developed into a

multi-trillion industry. In 2015, the industry was estimated to be valued at USD 3.7

trillion globally. This growth is spurred by increased awareness of the importance of

living a healthy and meaningful lifestyle which promotes wellness, allowing people to

enjoy long, high-quality lives. In turn, more and more bio-resources are being utilized to

support the demand for the expanding wellness industry. As such, it is important to

ensure the sustainability of the bio-resources needed to put up with the growth in the

wellness industry.

It is under this vision that the theme of 7th International Conference on Biotechnology

for the Wellness Industry is Bioresources for Human Wellness. The two days Scientific

Programme consists of formal keynote addresses and five plenary sessions which will

be followed by exciting lectures ranging over all aspects of wellness biotechnology. This

7th installation of ICBWI will consist of five Plenary Sessions followed by nine tracks

which cover exciting and important scientific topics related to the theme of Bio-

resources for Human Wellness.

The success of the 7th ICBWI depends on the energy, effort and talent of researchers in

the field of wellness biotechnology who have submitted their research works on a

variety of topics. Heartfelt appreciations are also due to the committee members who

worked tirelessly around the clock to ensure the realization of the conference.

Additional thanks are also accorded to the participating companies and sponsors for

their continuous support to this event. It is our fervent hope that this interesting event

will benefit participants and more importantly, the masses.

Wassalam.

THE HONOURABLE DATO’ NORHALIM YUNUS

CEO of Malaysian Technology Development Corporation

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MESSAGE FROM

THE CHAIRMAN OF 7TH ICBWI

PROF DR MOHAMAD ROJI SARMIDI

Salam,

It is a great honour to host the 7th ICBWI, 2018. On behalf of the organizing committee, I

would like to extend our warmest welcome to the participants to confer upon the

expanding field of Biotechnology for human health and wellness. ICBWI is a platform for

researchers, industry players and practitioners to present their works and share their

experiences.

7th ICBWI is forwarding the theme of ‘Bioresources for Human Wellness’. As global

wellness industry has become a multi-trillion-dollar industry, it is inevitable that huge

amount of bioresources were used, are used and will be used to fed the demand. It is

imperative that the way the resources used for the wellness industry are in itself within

the confine of “Wellness”, so that not only we as human achieve homeostasis, the

resources that we manipulate and the environment that we live in achieve it as well.

The pursuit of human wellness now should not be at the cost of any suffering, be it the

environment or the next generation. Accordingly, 7th ICBWI is intended to feature new

advances in research and development and foster collaboration between researchers,

practitioners and industry players.

I would like to take this opportunity to offer my sincere appreciation to all participants

and everyone involved in organizing the conference. We look forward to the 7th ICBWI

to enrich us with the knowledge and wisdom related to ‘Bioresources for human

wellness’.

Thank you.

Wassalam.

PROF. DR. MOHAMAD ROJI SARMIDI

Chairman

The Organising Committee of 7th ICBWI 2018

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MESSAGE FROM

CO-CHAIRMAN OF 7th ICBWI

PROF. DR HESHAM EL-ENSHASY

Assalamualaikum wbt

I would like to welcome all our speakers, delegates, and industrial partners who came

from many parts in the world to share their experience in the 7th ICBWI. This

conference will focus on the new development on research and application of utilization

of biotechnology for wellness industries. ICBWI aspire to connect researchers from all

over the world and as a unique platform for multidisciplinary novel research in the

emerging fields related to diverse applications of biotechnology in wellness industries.

Valuable scientific works will be published in the International Journal of Biotechnology

for Wellness Industry (IJBWI) in which Lifescience global (Canada) is the publisher. The

journal can be access on line

via http://www.lifescienceglobal.com/journals/international-journal-of-biotechnology-

for-wellness-industries. We hope with the participation of new researchers this year,

we can work together to develop new milestone for the growth of ICBWI activities and

networking among researchers in the field of wellness industries worldwide.

This year, the conference will have a variety of lectures from eminent scientist, who will

present the recent trends in basic and applied research related to biotechnology

industries. This will provide great opportunity to exchange views, visions, and

experience among the wide range of participant and will be also great opportunity for

the young researchers and postgraduate students to get more experience and opinion

about their research from experts in the field.

I am looking forward to welcoming you at the 7th ICBWI and hope that all of you have a

beneficial and fruitful conference.

PROF. DR. HESHAM EL-ENSHASY

Co-Chairman

The Organising Committee of 7th ICBWI 2018

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PREFACE

Today, human wellness is generally associated with good nutrition, dietary

supplements, physical fitness and mental fitness. In general, many consumers are

increasingly interested in more natural and less processed products. The wellness

concept is centred on the idea that the mind, body, spirit, community and environment

are inter-related and inter-dependent. The wellness industry is born based on the

notion of pro-active health and homeostasis. People are starting to realize the extent of

pro-active control that they can have on their health and well-being.

According to the Zion Market Research report, the global herbal supplement market is

expected to reach approximately USD 86.74 billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of

around 6.8% between 2017 and 2022. After Europe, Latin American and Asia-Pacific

regions are potential markets for herbal supplements due to increased efficiency in

research & development initiatives taken by manufacturers. Asia Pacific is the fastest

growing market having 9.1% of CAGR. Countries such as China and India are expected

to boost the demand for herbal supplements owing to the increased focus on using

herbal products, a rise in research activities on dietary supplements, and growing

acceptance rate for herbal remedies. China and India are two large contributors to the

growth rate of Asia Pacific.

The growth in wellness industry has generated demand in related technology.

Consolidation of a wide range of scientific fields including biotechnology, life sciences,

medical treatment and others can help establish the industry. The application of

biotechnology and wellness technology is expected to create added value to the food,

healthcare, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals and industrial bioprocessing

sectors. Nowadays, consumers prefer a daily supplement from different delivery

options to increase the ease of taking their nutritional products such as stick packs,

gummies, or candies. These have generated a lot of innovation in term of

nanoformulation and encapsulation-based research in order to deliver the ingredients

to the right target.

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27 NOVEMBER 2018 TUESDAY – DAY 1

Programme

Time Venue

Registration

08.30 – 09.00

Lobby

Welcome and Introduction Chairman of ICBWI Prof. Dr. Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

09.10 – 09.20

Dewan

Seminar

Officiating Ceremony Dato’ Norhalim Yunus CEO of Malaysian Technology Development Corporation

09.20 – 09.40

Dewan

Seminar

Keynote Session Prof. Dr. Enoch Park, Shizuoka University, Japan Topic : Silkworm Biofactory Chairman: Prof Dr Rosli Illias (Dean RA Health & Wellness, UTM) Keynote Introducer : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Siva Kumaresan

09.40 – 10.20

Dewan

Seminar

Photo session

10.20 – 10.40 Lobby

Coffee break

10.40 – 11.00

Plenary 1 Prof. Dr. Maha El-Demellawy (ASRT City, Egypt) Topic : Stem Cell and Drug Discovery Chairman: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azila Abd Aziz (UTM) Plenary 2 Prof. Dr. Chang Seo Park, (Dongguk University, South Korea) Topic : Roles of Phytoceramide and Phytosphingosine on Epidermal Homeostasis Chairman: Prof. Dr. Mohamad Roji Sarmidi (UTM) Plenary 3 Prof. Dr. Hesham El-Enshasy (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia) Topic : Probiotics for Health, Wealth, and Wellness Chairman: Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris (UTM) Emcee : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Siva Kumaresan (UMS, Malaysia)

11.00 – 11.40

11.40 – 12.20

12.20 – 13.00

Dewan

Seminar

Poster session Lunch

- Break Up Sessions –

13.00 – 14.00

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME VENUE: MENARA RAZAK, UTM KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

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Track 1

Plant and herbal bioprocessing - standardization and profiling (Part 1)

Invited speaker 1: Mrs. Sarifah Binti Rejab (Sirim Berhad, Malaysia) Topic : Industrial Standard for Herbal Products Chairman: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azila Abd. Aziz (UTM) Speaker 1 Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4 Speaker 5 Speaker 6 Speaker 7 Speaker 8 Speaker 9 Speaker 10 Theme include: Sampling, fractionated compounds, standardisation, profiling of plant, application (pharmaceutical/ cosmeceutical/nutraceutical/

14.00 – 14.20

14.20 – 14.35

14.35 – 14.50

14.50 - 15.05

15.05 – 15.20

15.20 – 15.35

15.35 – 15.50

15.50 – 16.05

16.05 – 16.20

16.20 – 16.35

16.35 – 16.50

Dewan

Seminar

Track 2

Microbial-based products and bioprocessing

Invited speaker 2: Prof. Dr. Ashraf F. ElBaz (University of Sadat City, Egypt) Topic : Novel Killer Toxin Produced by Trichosporon Yeast: Characterization and Treatment of Saccharomyces Fungemia Chairman : Prof. Dr. Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid (UMT) Speaker 11 Speaker 12 Speaker 13 Speaker 14 Speaker 15

14.00 – 14.20

14.20 – 14.35

14.35 – 14.50

14.50 - 15.05

15.05 – 15.20

15.20 – 15.35

Bilik Kuliah

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Speaker 16 Speaker 17 Speaker 18 Speaker 19 Speaker 20 Theme include: Microbial fermentation and production, bioprocessing

15.35 – 15.50

15.50 – 16.05

16.05 – 16.20

16.20 – 16.35

16.35 – 16.50

Track 3

Molecular engineering

Invited speaker 3 Prof. Dr. Ma Luisa D. Enriquez (De La Salle University, Philippines) Topic : Understanding the Molecular Basis of Health and Diseases Chairman: Dr. Harisun Yaakob (UTM) Invited Speaker - Assoc Prof Tetsuo Narumi (Shizuoka University, Japan) Speaker 21 Speaker 22 Speaker 23 Speaker 24 Speaker 25 Speaker 26 Speaker 27 Speaker 28 Theme include: Molecular engineering

14.00 – 14.20

14.20 – 14.40

14.40 – 14.55

14.55 - 15.10

15.10 – 15.25

15.25 – 15.40

15.40 – 15.55

15.55 – 16.10

16.10 – 16.25

16.25 – 16.40

Bilik Kuliah

11

Coffee Break

16.50 – 17.00

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28 NOVEMBER 2018 WEDNESDAY – DAY 2

Programme

Time Venue

Plenary 4 Mr. Dinish a/l Perumal (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) Topic : Development of Traditional and Complementary Medicine (T&CM) in Malaysia

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Maha El-Demellawy (SRTA City, Egypt) Plenary 5

Prof. Dr. Ioannis Zuburtikudis, (Abu Dhabi University, UAE) Topic : Biopolymer-based Nanocomposites in the Service of Wellness Industry Chairman: Prof. Dr. rer Nat Hesham El-Enshasy (UTM) Emcee : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Siva Kumaresan (UMS, Malaysia)

09.00 – 09.40

09.40 – 10.20

Dewan

Seminar

Coffee Break Poster Session

- Break Up Sessions –

10.20 – 10.40

Track 4

Agribiotechnology

Invited speaker 4

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris (UTM, Malaysia)

Topic: Oil Palm Biomass as a Potential Substrate for High Value Added Product Chairman : Dr. Lee Ting Hun (UTM) Invited Speaker - Prof Hiroyuki Futamata (Shizuoka University, Japan) Speaker 29 Speaker 30 Speaker 31 Speaker 32 Speaker 33 Speaker 34 Theme include: Biofertiliser, agriculture, biomass

10.40 – 11.00

11.00 – 11.20

11.20 – 11.35

11.35 – 11.50

11.50 – 12.05

12.05 – 12.20

12.20 – 12.35

12.35 – 12.50

Dewan

Seminar

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Track 5

Product formulation and controlled release for wellness industries

Invited speaker 5 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ng Shiow Fern (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia) Topic : Alginate Composite Hydrogel Film Containing Moringa Oleifera Standardised Leaves Extracts for Wound Healing Application Chairman: Dr. Mariani Abd Hamid (UTM) Invited Speaker - Prof Takayuki Saito (Shizuoka University, Japan) Speaker 35 Speaker 36 Speaker 37 Speaker 38 Speaker 39 Speaker 40 Theme include: Product formulation, nanotechnology, encapsulation, controlled release, formulation and characterisation

10.40 – 11.00

11.00 – 11.20

11.20 – 11.35

11.35 – 11.50

11.50 – 12.05

12.05 – 12.20

12.20 – 12.35

12.35 – 12.50

Bilik Kuliah 10

Track 6

Nootropics and Nutraceuticals

Invited speaker 6 Prof Dr Rosli Illias (Dean RA Health & Wellness, UTM) Topic : From Starch to Nutraceuticals: The Roles of Enzyme and Microbial Technology Chairman : Prof. Dr. Mohamad Roji Sarmidi (UTM, Malaysia) Invited Speaker - Prof Dr Fadzillah Adibah Abd Majid (University Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia) Nutraceutical Properties of ALLURA Herb-Fruit Based Botanical Drink for Skin Beautification

Speaker 41 Speaker 42 Speaker 43 Speaker 44 Speaker 45 Speaker 46 Theme includes : Nootropics and nutraceuticals

10.40 – 11.00

11.00 – 11.20

11.20 – 11.35

11.35 – 11.50

11.50 – 12.05

12.05 – 12.20

12.20 – 12.35

12.35 – 12.50

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Lunch

Poster Session - Break Up Sessions –

12.50 – 14.00

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Track 7 Plant and herbal bioprocessing - standardization and profiling (Part 2)

Invited speaker 7 Prof. Dr. Khalijah Awang (University of Malaya, Malaysia) Topic : Herbal medicine (bioactive compounds) for human health Chairman: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chua Lee Suan (UTM) Speaker 47 Speaker 48 Speaker 49 Speaker 50 Speaker 51 Speaker 52 Speaker 53 Theme include: Sampling, fractionated compounds, standardisation, profiling of plant, application (pharmaceutical/ cosmeceutical/nutraceutical/

14.00 – 14.20

14.20 – 14.35

14.35 – 14.50

14.50 - 15.05

15.05 – 15.20

15.20 – 15.35

15.35 – 15.50

15.50 – 16.05

Dewan Seminar

Track 8

Tissue engineering

Invited speaker 8 Dr. Thamil Selvee (Universiti Malaysia, Malaysia) Topic : Development of Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Strategies For Regenerative Medicine

Chairman: Dr. Rosnani Hasham@Hisam (UTM) Speaker 54 Speaker 55 Speaker 56 Speaker 57 Speaker 58 Speaker 59 Speaker 60 Theme includes : Tissue engineering

14.00 – 14.20

14.20 – 14.35

14.35 – 14.50

14.50 - 15.05

15.05 – 15.20

15.20 – 15.35

15.35 – 15.50

15.50 – 16.05

Bilik Kuliah 10

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Track 9

Omic Technologies

Invited speaker 9 Assistant Prof. Lin Qingsong (National University of Singapore, Singapore) Topic : Chemical Proteomics for Drug Target Identification Chairman: Dr. Cheng Kian Kai (UTM) Speaker 61 Speaker 62 Speaker 63 Speaker 64 Speaker 65 Speaker 66 Speaker 67 Theme includes : Proteomics, metabolomics, genomics,

14.00 – 14.20

14.20 – 14.35

14.35 – 14.50

14.50 - 15.05

15.05 – 15.20

15.20 – 15.35

15.35 – 15.50

15.50 – 16.05

Bilik Kuliah 11

CLOSING & AWARDS CEREMONY Coffee Break

16.05 – 16.30

16.30 – 17.00

Dewan Seminar

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Track 1 - Plant and herbal bioprocessing - standardization and profiling (Part 1)

1 Dr Fhataheya Buang 14.20 – 14.35 Standardization and Validation Study of

Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Extracts

using HPLC

2 Siti Hasyimah

Suhaimi

14.35 – 14.50

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of

Orthosiphon Stamineus Leaves: Effect of

Extraction Time, Ethanol Concentration and

Amplitude on The Extraction Yield, Total

Phenolic Content and Yield of Rosmarinic

Acid

3 Fitrien Husin 14.50 - 15.05

Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity Study

of Crude Water Extract and SPE Fractions

from Carica papaya Leaves

4 Nur Athirah Hashim 15.05 – 15.20

Antioxidant Properties of Extracts and SPE

Fractions from

Annona muricata Leaves

5 Iylia Arina Md Zaki 15.20 – 15.35

Effect of Extraction Temperature on Tannin

Content and Antioxidant Activity of Quercus

infectoria (Manjakani)

6 Sulaiman Ngadiran 15.35 – 15.50

Enhancement of Gaharu Oleoresin Yield and

its Compounds by Process Optimization

using Response Surface Methodology

7 Norfakhrina Mohd

Noor

15.50 – 16.05

Influence of Nutrient Management in

Polyculture Crop Yield

8 Nur Amanina Binti

Abd Aziz

16.05 – 16.20

Preliminary studies on the extraction of

Eurycomanone from Tongkat Ali Extract

9 Nurliyana Athirah

binti Md Sidek

16.20 – 16.35

In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Selected

Malaysian Medicinal Plants against Bacteria

Causing Body Odor

10 A. Rafidah A. Mohd

Yunos

16.35 – 16.50

Inhibition of lipoxygenases and

cyclooxygenases by Momordica charantia

extract

Track 2 - Microbial-based products and bioprocessing

11 Ahmad Suparmin 14.20 – 14.35 Global Metabolic Shifting between Aerial and

Submerged Mycelia Formed in Liquid Surface

Culture of Cordyceps militaris

12 Jennifer Edwina

Eyahmalay

14.35 – 14.50

Medium Optimization for High Biomass

Production of L. casei in Batch Culture Using

Different Methods.

13 Lee Wah Hock 14.50 - 15.05 Critical Cultivation Parameters on Biomass

Production of Spirulina sp.: A Review

14 Dr Babak

Mokhtarani

15.05 – 15.20

Enhanced Production of Rhamnolipid

Biosurfactant by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Microorganism in Fed Batch Cultivation

15 Siti Marsilawati

Mohamed Esivan

15.20 – 15.35

Fermentation Variables in the Cultivation of

Lactobacillus sp. and Propionibacterium sp.

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16 Afif Najihah Kepli 15.35 – 15.50

Optimization on Medium Composition for Cell

Mass Production Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus

17 Dr Nining

Betawati

Prihantini

15.50 – 16.05

The Effect of Temperature Variation on the

Growth of Leptolyngbya (Cyanobacteria) HS-

16 and HS-36 to Biomass Weight in BG-11

Medium

18 Datin Dr Hazniza

Adnan

16.05 – 16.20

Acetic Acid Fermentation of Kuini (Mangifera

odorata) and Its Potential Substrate for

Human Health

19 Kugan Kumar

Ambehabati

16.20 – 16.35

Isolation and identification studies on

potential xylanase enzyme producing

Trichoderma sp from local soil

20 Dr. Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas, M.S.

16.35 – 16.50

Hypoglycemic Effect of Coprinus comatus ethanol extract on Rattus norvegicus Rats Diabetes Model

Track 3 - Molecular engineering

Invited Speaker

Assoc Prof Tetsuo

Narumi

14.20 – 14.40 Amide-to-Alkene Isosteric Switch Strategy for

Peptidomimetic Study on Amyloid Fibril

Formation

21 Dr Muktiningsih

Nurjayadi

14.40 – 14.55

Development of Prototype Typhoid Detection in Human with Antigen Capture Approach

22 Masahiro Honjo 14.55 - 15.10

Adaptation of Escherichia coli to growth-

repression caused by Pseudomonas sp. LAB-

08

23 Rabeah Adam 15.10 – 15.25

Anti-Melanogenic Activity of Andrographis

paniculata (Hempedu Bumi) extract via

Modulating Tyrosinase Expression and

Degradation

24 Hamizah Suhaimi 15.25 – 15.40

Expression of Neospora caninum Profilin and

Recognition to Antigen-Specific Responses,

Toll like Receptor 11 Ligand

25 Shota Ando 15.40 – 15.55

Physiological and Electrochemical Analyses

of Extracellular Electron Transfer in

Desulfovibrio sp. strain HK-II

26 Dr Rosmahaida

Jamaludin

15.55 – 16.10

DFT Calculations of Structure-Antioxidant

Activity of Selected Phenolic Acids and

Flavanoids Found in Malaysian Honey

27 Ryuji Ide 16.10 – 16.25

Structure-Activity Relationship Study of

Oleanolic Acid Derivatives for

Novel HIV-1 Entry Inhibitor

28 Yuna Kato 16.25 – 16.40

Development of G-Quadruplex Binding

Peptidomimetics by Amide-to-Alkene

Isosteric Switch Strategy

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Track 4 - Agri-biotechnology

Invited Speaker

Prof Hiroyuki

Futamata

11.00 – 11.20 Challenge of Efficient Anaerobic

Wastewater Treatment by Bio-Mineral

29 Nur Amalina Mohd

Ropi

11.20 – 11.35

The influence of different pre-treatment on

Capsicum dehydration time,

physicochemical properties and capsaicin

content using vacuum oven.

30 Dr Pei Ying Ong 11.35 – 11.50

Influences of Integrated use of Soil

Enhancer on the Soil Enzymatic Activities

in Polyculture Cropping System

31 Dr Nor Zalina

Othman

11.50 – 12.05 Paenibacillus polymyxa for Sustainable

Agriculture Practice

32 Nur Fatiha

Norhisham

12.05 – 12.20 Evaluation of Physicochemical Profiles of

16rigon asp. from various districts of Johor

33 Nur Hidayah

Zaharudin

12.20 – 12.35 Potential of Vinegar Production from

Pineapple Waste: A Review

34 Nur Kamilah Abd

Jalil

12.35 – 12.50

Kinetic Analysis of Biohydrogen Formation

from Pineapple Residues using

Immobilized Hydrogen-producing Bacteria

on Activated Carbon Sponge

Track 5 - Product formulation and controlled release for wellness industries

Invited speaker

Prof Takayuki

Saito

11.00 – 11.20 An innovative particle separation-

classification processes in a liquid-solid

mixture under irradiation of 20-kHz

ultrasound

35 Dr Noratiqah

Mohtar

11.20 – 11.35

Inhalable Formulation of Fisetin and

Erlotinib for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell

Lung Cancer

36 Ong Chong Boon 11.35 – 11.50

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes-Immobilised

Tannase for Enhancement of In Vitro

Antioxidant Activities of Green Tea Infusion

37 Tan Yi Jin 11.50 – 12.05 Experimental and Theoretical Study of

Acoustic Cavitation with Application in Solid-

Liquid Separation

38 Assoc. Professor

Noorhisham Tan

Kofli

12.05 – 12.20 Development of Filtration Systems for The

Collection of Soaking Water During Bedak

Sejuk Preparation

39 Hiroya Muramatsu 12.20 – 12.35 Development of a Simultaneous

Measurement Technique for Dense-Foam Cell

Size and Film Thickness, by Using a Single-

Tip Optical Fiber Probe

40 Nor Athirah

Zaharudin

12.35 – 12.50

Free Fatty Acids Production from Enzymatic

Hydrolysis of Waste Cooking Palm oil in

Solvent-free System

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Track 6 - Nootropics and Nutraceuticals

Invited speaker

Prof Dr Fadzillah

Adibah Abd Majid

11.00 – 11.20 Nutraceutical Properties of ALLURA Herb-

Fruit Based Botanical Drink for Skin

Beautification

41 Dr Amir Izzwan Zamri

11.20 – 11.35 The Antimicrobial Activity of Lactic Acid

Bacteria Isolated from Tualang Bee Honey

42 Nor Farahiyah

Aman Nor

11.35 – 11.50

Benefits of Virgin Coconut Oil in

Nutraceutical and Functional Food

Applications

43 Assoc Prof Dr

Norliza Binti

Abd.Rahman

11.50 – 12.05 Production of Bacteria Cellulose from

Acetobacter Xylinum 0416 for Hard Capsule

(Pharmaceutical Industry)

44 Dr Teo Chee Loong 12.05 – 12.20 A Review: The Potential of Oligopeptide and

Oligosaccaride as Functional Food

45 Nurul Alia Azmi 12.20 – 12.35 Preliminary Study of the Protein Content of

Malaysian Edible Bird’s Nest

46 Shanmugaprakash

am Selvamani

12.35 – 12.50

The Current Regulation of Probiotic

Functional Foods in the Malaysian

Population: A Critical Review

Track 7 - Plant and Herbal bioprocessing - standardization and profiling (Part 2)

47 Dr Uswatun

Hasanah Zaidan

14.20 – 14.35

Biochemical Evaluation of Phenolic

Compounds and Steviol Glycoside from Stevia

rebaudiana Extracts Associated with In- Vitro

Antidiabetic Potential

48 Lee Chia Hau 14.35 – 14.50

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted

Extraction of Total Flavonoids Content from

White Flowering of Melastoma

Malabathricum

49 Faiqah Binti Ramli 14.50 - 15.05

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction and

purification of phalerin from Phaleria

macrocarpa: Response Surface Methodology

and Artificial Neural Network Modelling

50 Maryam Farhana

Kamel Ariffin

15.05 – 15.20

Effect of Microwave Selected Parameters on

Properties of Synthesized Maghemite For

Lipase Immobilization

51 Effaliza Misran 15.20 – 15.35 Properties of Bromelain Extract from

Different Parts of the Pineapple Variety

Morris

52 Ida Madiha Yusoff 15.35 – 15.50 The Phytopharmaceutical Aspect of Tongkat

Ali, Kacip Fatimah and Manjakani Extracts

53 Meena A/P

Selvanayagam

15.50 – 16.05

Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid

Content and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves,

Bark and Fruit from Crescentia cujete L.

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Track 8 - Tissue engineering

54 Fathin Amila Faisul

Aris

14.20 – 14.35 Interaction of Silver Sulfadiazine with

Bacterial Cellulose As Alternative Diabetic

Wound Healing

55 Dr Darman Nordin

14.35 – 14.50

Polycaprolactone/Chlorophyllin Sodium

Copper Salt Nanofibraous Mats Prepared By

Electrospinning for Soft Tissue Engineering

56 Lee Shi Yan 14.50 - 15.05 Effect of Momordica charantia Treatment on

Inflammatory Responses In RAW264.7 cells

57 Nur Fitriyani

Afiqah Binti Abu

Bakar

15.05 – 15.20

Effects of Combined Cisplatin and

Clinacanthus nutans on Gene Expression of

MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

58 Husnul Hanani

Soib

15.20 – 15.35 Antioxidant Properties and Cytotoxic Effects

of Fractions from Carica papaya Leaves

Extract on Human Skin Fibroblast Cells

59 Shahirah Raiyan

Saleh

15.35 – 15.50

Enhancement of Biolectricity Production

from Soil Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) by

Additional Glucose, Nutrient Broth and

Escherichia Coli bacteria

60 Wong Tet Soon

15.50 – 16.05

Synergistic Antihyperglycemic Effect of

Combination Therapy with Gallic Acid and

Andrographolide in Streptozotocin-Induced

Diabetic Rats

Track 9 - Omic Technologies

61 Fatahiya

Mohamed Tap

14.20 – 14.35 In Silico Modelling of the Core Catalytic Site of

Chitin Deacetylase from Aspergillus

Luchuensis

62 Assoc Prof Dr

Vanitha

Varadharaj

14.35 – 14.50

Isolation and Chraterisation of Bioactive

compound from Prawn Shell Waste and

assessment of its biochemical activity in

cancer – invitro & insilico approach

63 Zainab Rabiu 14.50 - 15.05

Dual COX/LOX Inhibition: Screening and

Evaluation of the Effect of Pyroligneous acid

Fractions of Palm kernel Shell as an Anti-

inflammatory agents

64 Nur Farahah Mohd

Khairuddin

15.05 – 15.20

An Approach towards Efficient Membrane

Filtration for Microalgae Harvesting

65 Nurul Hainiza Abd

Razak

15.20 – 15.35 The Isolation of Phytosterols from Orange

Juice using Ultrafiltration

66 Dr Dalia

Sukmawati

15.35 – 15.50

Antagonistic Activity of Yeasts From Kelor

Plant (Moringa oleifera) as Antagonistic

Agents Against Moulds from Chickeen Feed

Aspergillus flavus

67 Noer Azizah 15.50 – 16.05

Detection of the Salmonella typhi Bacteria in Contaminated Egg Using Real-Time PCR to Develop Rapid Detection of Food Poisoning Bacteria

P a g e | 19

Poster Presentation

68

Dang Lelamurni

Abd. Razak

Effect of Different Extracting Conditions on Anti-tyrosinase and

Antioxidant Activities of Schizophyllum commune fruitbodies

69 Dr Azlina Binti

Mansor

Agri-industrial Residues as Potential Substrates for Enhanced

Tannase Production via Solid-State Fermentation

70 Low Keat Long

Effects of Organic Solvent and Temperature on the Extraction of

Lutein from Scenedesmus sp Biomass

71 Farah Ashikin

Rasit

Evaluation of Ocimum gratissimum extract and antibacterial

study against Corynebacterium jeikeium and Staphylococcus

epidermidis

72 Atiqah

Saifuzzaman

Phytochemical Characterization of the Leaves of Mitragyna

Speciosa

(Ketum) After Being Treated with Precursor and Elicitors

73 Khairun Hani

Natasya Zakaria

Bioprocess Optimization for the Polysaccharide Production By

Sinorhizobium meliloti

74 Ho Chin Keat Soy Peptide Hydrolysis by Probiotic Microorganisms to Improve

the Antioxidant and Functional Properties

75 Aelia Insyeera

Binti Mohd

Hishamuddin

Efficient cultivation of Kluyveromyces lactis in high cell density

culture in fed batch cultivation system

76 Rohaiza Muda Effect of Solvent on the Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and

Linoleic Acid from Hibiscus cannabinus See

77 Nur Zatul Iradah

Roslan

Labisia pumila Encapsulated in Flexible Liposomes Induces

Collagen Synthesis in Full Thickness Reconstructed Skin (RHS)

78 Hammad Saleem Clinical Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, Antioxidant Potential and

Phytochemical Profile of Vernonia oligocephala(DC.) Sch.Bip. ex

Walp Roots

79 S.P. Jeevan Kumar Nutraceuticals Derived from Seed Storage Proteins: Implications

for

Health Wellness

PO

STE

R P

RESEN

TATI

ON

S

P a g e | 20

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Akmazillah Mohd Fauzi, Dr. (UTHM, Malaysia)

Ani Idris, Prof. Ir. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Azila Abdul Aziz, Assoc. Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Chua Lee Suan, Assoc. Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Clem Kuek, Prof. Dr. (Curtin University, Malaysia)

Cheng Kian Kai, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Dalia Sukmawati, Dr. (UNJ, Indonesia)

Daniel Joe Dailin, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Eddie Tan Ti Tjih, Dr. (UiTM, Malaysia)

Enoch Park, Prof. Dr. (Shizouka, Japan)

Fadzilah Adibah Abd Majid, Prof. Dr. (UMT, Malaysia)

Harisun Yaakob, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Hesham Ali El-Enshasy, Prof. Dr. rer. Nat (UTM, Malaysia)

Ida Idayu Muhammad, Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Ilker Gamkerten, Prof. Dr. (Aksaray University, Turkey)

Ioannis Zuburtikudis, Prof. Dr. (Abu Dhabi University, UAE)

Lee Chew Tin, Assoc. Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Lee Ting Hun, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Leong Hong Yeng, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Maha El-Demellawy, Prof. Dr. (SRTA City, Alexandria, Egypt)

Ma Luisa D. Enriquez, Prof. Dr. (De La Salle University, Philippines)

Mahmoud Sakr, Prof. Dr. (ASRT, Cairo, Egypt)

Mailin Misson, Dr. (UMS, Malaysia)

Mansour Al-Said, Prof. Dr. (KSU, King Saudi)

Mariani Abdul Hamid, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Muhd Nazrul Hisham Zainal Alam, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Nagib Ali Elmarzugi, Prof. Dr. (University of Tripoly, Libya)

Nor Zalina Othman, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Ong Pei Ying, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Roshanida A.Rahman, Assoc. Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Rosnani Hasham, Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

Rozyanti Mohamad, Dr. (UNIKL, Malaysia)

Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Dr. (UKM, Malaysia)

Siva Kumaresan, Assoc. Prof. Dr. (UMS, Malaysia)

Theodoros Varzakas, Prof. Dr. (Kalamata, Greece)

Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan, Dr. (UPM, Malaysia)

Yuli Rahmawati, Dr. (UNJ, Indonesia)

Zainul Akmar Zakaria, Assoc. Prof. Dr. (UTM, Malaysia)

P a g e | 21

Steering Committee Members

Chairman Prof. Dr. Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

Co-chairman Prof. Dr. rer. Nat. Hesham Ali El-Enshasy

Advisory Prof. Dr. Rosli Md. Illias Prof. Dr. Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Secretary Dr. Norhayati Mohamed Noor Assistant Secretary 1 Dr. Noorazwani Zainol Assistant Secretary 2 Mr. Hatta Sodari

Bursar Mrs. Siti Hajar Abu Bakar Mrs. Zawiyah Mat Sarip

Publication Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainul Akmar Zakaria (Head) Mrs. A. Rafidah Mohd Yunus Mrs. Ida Madiha Mohd Yusof

Registration Mrs. Maizatulakmal Yahayu (Head) Mrs. Rohaiza Muda Mrs Siti Alyani Binti Mat

Publicity Dr. Zarani Mat Taher (Head) Dr. Harisun Yaakob Mrs. Roslinda Abdul Malek Mrs. Muna Muhammad Dr. Rosnani Hasham@Hisam

Designer Nik Norhayati Nik Mohd Zain

Sponsorship

Dr. Lee Ting Hun (Head) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chua Lee Suan Dr. Cheng Kian Kai Dr. Mariani Abdul Hamid Mr. Mohamad Saat Mr. Subri Abd Rahman Mr. Normanshah Md Noh Cik Nurul Azwa Mohd Yunus

P a g e | 22

IT & Website Management

Mr. Mohd Azhari Kamarudin

Logistic & Catering

Mrs. Siti Zulaiha Hanapi (Head) Mrs. Khaiirah Tahir Miss Asmafarhana Ibrahim Miss Nor Hairunnisa Md Nasir Mr. Mohammad Azizul Ripin

Awards Mrs. Siti Hajar Mat Sarip

Track/Session

Mrs. Zaitul Iffa Ab. Rasid (Head) Mr. Solleh Ramli Mrs. Norasiah Sadek Mrs. Azizah Ishak Mrs. Siti Nor Azlina Abd Rashid Mr. Mohd Saiful Azhar Mohd Adnan

P a g e | 23

BIOGRAPHY OF KEYNOTE

AND INVITED SPEAKERS

P a g e | 24

Keynote Speaker

Professor Enoch Y. Park

Director of Research Insititute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Japan

BIOGRAPHY

Professor Enoch Park is Director of Research Institute of Green Science and Technology,

Shizuoka, Japan. He studied Biochemical Engineering at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and

Technology, South Korea and received Master degree in 1982. He received his Ph.D. degree in

1990 at the Department of Chemical Engineering in the University of Tokyo. He was assistant

professor at Nagoya University, Japan in 1990–1992 and associate professor at Shizuoka

University, Japan in 1994. He was visiting professor at the Chemical and Biochemical

Engineering at Rutgers University, New Jersey U.S.A. in 1994–1995. In 1999 he was professor in

Department of Applied Biological Chemistry at Shizuoka University. In 2004 he moved to

Graduate School of Science and Technology as Shizuoka University. In 2013 he was appointed

Director of Research Institute of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.

His research interests are in the fields of protein expression using silkworm targetinghealth

promoting technology. He developed a bacmid expression system in silkworm firstly in the

world, which system enabled to express protein rapidly and easily in silkworm. Now this system

has been used targeting for pharmaceutical protein production and drug delivery system. He is

author/co-author of about 290 original articles, reviews and book chapters (included about 40

Japanese articles), in the field of protein expression, biotechnology, bioprocess, and

nanobiotechnology.

He is on the Editorial board of Enzyme and Microbial Technology, BMC Biotechnology, and

Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering. He is involved the Japan society for Bioscience,

Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry and the Society of Biotechnology, Japan. He has received

awards for his activities from Society of Biotechnology, Japan.

P a g e | 25

Plenary 1

Prof. Dr. Maha El-Demellawy

Director of City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA-City)

BIOGRAPHY

Professor Maha A. El Demellawy is currently a Director of City for Scientific Research and

Technology Applications (SRTA-City). She is also the President of Pharmaceutical and

Fermentation Industries Development Center (PFIDC). She received her Master and Ph.D

degree in Immunology from Faculty of Science, Cairo University. She was a Dean of Genetic

Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI) in 2001-2007. She received honors

from University of Tennesee, USA in Surgery and Immunology in 1995 to 1996 as well honors

Research Fellow in Lymphocyte Research Program at Memphis, TN, USA in 1996. She also

received Fullbright Scholars in Surgery and Immunology from 1996 to 1997 in UT Memphis USA

as well as in Molecular Genetic, Biochemistry, in College of Medicine, Univeristy of Cincinnati,

USA in 2009. Her interests in research were in the field of medical biotechnology, immunology,

molecular immunology as well as drug discovery. She has published substantially amount of

publications, patents and research projects internationally.

P a g e | 26

Plenary 2

Professor Dr. Chang Seo Park

Professor at Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering of Dongguk University South

Korea

BIOGRAPHY

Dr Chang Seo Park is currently a Professor at the Department of Chemical and Biological

Engineering of Dongguk University South Korea. He have obtained his Bachelor of Science at the

Department of Microbiology of Seoul University and continued with his postgraduate study and

research at the University of California Davis, United States of America in 1994. Professor Park

have had vast experiences affliating himself with the industry through appointment as the

Research Director at the Doosan R&D from 1995 to 2005 and since 2012 Professor Park plays

an impactful role as the Head of National Coordination Centre for Global Cosmetic R&D. Prof

Park is currently active in the research area of developing phytochemicals for functional

cosmetic ingredients as well as developing non-invasive skin analytical methods using confocal

reflectance microscope. He is also working on Sphingolipid (ceramides and phytosphingosine)

production using yeast and application for cosmetics. His extensive work on research and

development have been translated into numerous publications in established journals.

P a g e | 27

Plenary 3

Professor Dr. rer. Nat. Hesham A. El Enshasy

Director of Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

BIOGRAPHY

Prof. Hesham Ali El Enshasy is the Director of Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), and

professor in bioprocess engineering, school of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Faculty of

Engineering, University Technology Malaysia (UTM). Chair for Food Division 15A (2016-2017)

AIChE, and the current co-Chair for Food, Pharmaceutical& Bio-Engineering Division, Division

15A (Food), American Institute of Chemical Engineering (AIChE). Before joining UTM, he was

the assistant director of City for Scientific Research for Research Institutes Affairs (Alexandria,

Egypt). Prof. El Enshasy received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Microbiology (Ain Shams University,

Egypt), Dr. rer. Nat. in Industrial Biotechnology (TU Braunschweig, Germany 1998), M.Sc.

Technology Management (UTM, Malaysia). Post Doc. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, The Ohio

State Univ. (USA) and GBF, (Germany). He is also visiting guest professor and honor guest

professor to many world class universities in USA, Germany, China, Sweden, Japan, Australia,

Saudi Arabia, Greece, and Algeria.

He established many research and industrial platforms for the industrial production of different

bioactive metabolites using microbial, mammalian and plant cells in many universities, research

institutes and companies. Prof. El Enshasy is active as editorial board member in many scientific

journal and he is currently the Editor-in-Chief for International Journal of Biotechnology for

Wellness Industries (IJBWI) and Bioscience Biotechnology Research Asia (BBRA). He is also the

co-editor for the book entitled “Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable

Production of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers” published by John Wiley and Sons, 2013. Prof. El

Enshasy has two technology patents and more than 150 publications in peer reviewed

international journals, book Chapters, and books. He was also invited as keynote, plenary, and

guest speaker in more than 60 international conferences in field of industrial biotechnology. He

is also active as advisory board member, scientific and bio-business consultant for

biotechnology companies in Egypt, Belgium, Greece, USA, China and Malaysia for the important

three Ts (Technology Transfer, Technology Implementation and Technology Development) as

well as process and platform designer for chemical processing and Biotechnology industries.

P a g e | 28

Plenary 4

Mr. Dinish a/l Perumal

Principle Assistant Director, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Division, Ministry of

Health Malaysia

BIOGRAPHY

Mr. Dinish a/l Perumal is currently a Principle Assistant Director at the Inspectorate and

Enforecement Section, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Division, Ministry of Health

Malaysia. He holds his bachelor in Pharmacy. He started his service in the Ministry of Health

Malaysia since 2011.

P a g e | 29

Plenary 5

Professor Dr. Ioannis Zuburtikudis

Professor and Chair of the Chemical Engineering Department at Abu Dhabi University (ADU)

BIOGRAPHY

Dr. Ioannis Zuburitkudis is a Professor of Chemical Engineering in the Chemical Engineering

Department of Abu Dhabi University (ADU) and acts as the Chair of the department. He joined

ADU in August, 2016. Ioannis is in academia since 1998, when he joined his Greek Institution as

an Assistant Professor. Prior to that, he has also worked in industry as a Chemical Engineer and

Researcher in the USA (Eastman Kodak Co.) and in Greece (Hellenic Petroleum Co.). His

research tries to identify and understand the impact that nano-scaled dimensions have on

material properties, and to use such insights to adapt and affect the design and engineering of

advanced materials, surfaces and processes that may lead to valuable products in the

sustainability framework. Specific areas of research competences and interests are:

Organic/inorganic nanohybrid materials,

PolymerNano(bio)composites and Nanofibers, Polymeric Biomaterials, Supersolvophobic (such

as super-hydrophobic) Surfaces/Coatings, Functional Coatings, Thin Films & Solid-State

Microfabrication Techniques, Heterogeneous Catalysis and the Design and Fabrication of Nano-

catalysts. In Greece, he has established and developed the NanoMaterials & Manufacturing

Processes Laboratory (NanoMaMa Lab), while he has served as the Chair of his academic

department. His research has been funded by Greek, EU (European Union) research agencies

and the U.A.E. He has authored or co-authored over a hundred fifty articles in refereed journals

and conference proceedings, and he has co-organised international, pan-European and Greek

conferences. He is active in the COST Action (European Collaboration in Science and

Technology) and is participant in many COST research networks relevant to his research. He is a

member of many international and national professional and scientific organizations such as the

American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), American Vacuum Society (AVS), Materials

Research Society (MRS), Hellenic Biomaterials Society, and the Hellenic Embiomechanics

Society.

P a g e | 30

Invited Speaker 1

Mrs. Sarifah Rejab

Head of Cosmetic and Natural product Section, SIRIM Berhad, Malaysia

BIOGRAPHY

Sarifah Rejab is currently holding a post as Head for Cosmetic and Natural product Section of

SIRIM Berhad. She first joined SIRIM Berhad as the Head for Consumer Product Testing

Laboratory (1993-2004), and later on was appointed as Head for cosmetic and natural product

development. She obtained her Master of Science Degree in Chemistry from San Jose State

University and Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry from Sonoma State University. Her

great interest in research has led her to involve in several natural products based projects as

well as in cosmetic science formulation and product development researches. She is actively

involved in the product development of Skincare and colour cosmetics using Malaysian local

herb extracts as functional active ingredients.

She has participated in many seminars and workshops in the field of Halal Cosmetics and

Natural Product Researches. She is also the active member in the Malaysian Standards

Development activities.

P a g e | 31

Invited Speaker 2

Professor Dr. Ashraf F. Elbaz

Industrial Biotechnology Dep., Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute

(GEBRI) - University of Sadat City -Egypt

BIOGRAPHY

Prof. Ashraf F. El-Baz Hawas is professor of industrial microbiology and Head of the Industrial

Biotechnology Dep., Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI) -

University of Sadat City –Egypt. Before joining GEBRI, he was the director of the Fermentation

Research Unit at El-Nasr pharmaceutical Co. For seven years, then he joined the Biogro Int Co as

R & D director. Prof. El-Baz received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Microbiology (Ain Shams University,

Egypt), Post Doc. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, The Ohio State Univ. He is also visiting guest

professor to The Ohio State Univ. in USA. Prof. El-Baz has one technology patent and more than

40 publications in peer reviewed international journals, book Chapters, and books. He is also

active as advisory board member, scientific and bio-business consultant for biotechnology

companies in Egypt.

P a g e | 32

Invited Speaker 3

Professor Dr. Ma Luisa D. Enriquez

Professor at the Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Philippines

BIOGRAPHY

Ma. Luisa D. Enriquez obtained both her Masters of Science in Biology and Doctor of

Philosophy in Zoology degrees from the University of the Philippines Diliman. She did her post

graduate studies in Cytogenetics and fellowship in Molecular Cytogenetics at the Department of

Molecular Cytogenetics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan under the

MONBUKAGAKUSHO Research Scholarship and the Association of International Education in

Japan (AIEJ) fellowship program respectively. She served as Director of the Center for Natural

Science and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University from

2003 to 2016. She was largely responsible for setting up the first cytogenetics and molecular

cytogenetics Laboratory in the Philippines way back in 1995. Up to now she serves as the

consultant and scientist at the Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Research and Biotechnology

of St. Luke’s Medical Center (SLMC). Dr. Enriquez also heads the Translational Research Unit of

the Human Cancer Biobank of the hospital, the first cancer biobank in the country. She has

published her researches in refereed, ISI and Scopus Journals. Her current researches are on

biomolecular markers in various cancers like colorectal, breast, lung and leukemia; and anti-

cancer properties of secondary metabolites in selected fruits, vegetables and mushrooms in the

Philippines. Dr. Enriquez retired from full time teaching in 2017 after 39 years with the

University. To date, she continues to mentor graduate students, does part time teaching

graduate courses both at DLSU and St. Luke’s College of Medicine. She continues to be active in

research and quite recently DLSU granted her the “Scientist in Residence” status for AY 2018-

2020.

P a g e | 33

Invited Speaker 4

Professor Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Professor at the Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and

Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

BIOGRAPHY

Prof. Ir Dr. Ani Idris is a Professor in the Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering,

School of Chemical and Energy Engineering at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and also holds a

cross appointment as a Fellow in Institute of Bioproduct Development. She is also a founder of

MEMTEC PLT a spinoff company of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. She was awarded as Malaysia

Top Research Scientist in 2015. She is a Chartered Chemical Engineer and also a Professional

Engineer. She has published more than 140 impact factor journals relating to her research area,

obtained over 2253 citations, H- index 26 and has 6 patents granted.

P a g e | 34

Invited Speaker 5

Associate Professor Dr. Ng Shiow Fern

Associate Professor at the Faculty of Pharmacy, National University of Malaysia (UKM)

BIOGRAPHY

Dr Ng obtained her Master of Pharmacy from the International Medical University (IMU)-

University of Strathclyde twinned program in July 2003 and then continued to pursue PhD

research in pharmaceutical sciences under a GlaxoSmithKline-sponsored project at the

University of Strathclyde, graduating from 2003-2007. Soon after graduation, she was offered

an academic post by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia at the National University of

Malaysia (UKM) Faculty of Pharmacy, where she is currently a Associate Professor here.

Dr Ng’s key research interests are in the area of topical and transdermal drug delivery and

formulation sciences, in particular, the research and development of solid and liquid drug

delivery systems. One area of specialist interest concerns the topical delivery of therapeutic

agents to chronic wounds but more generally, the application of natural, synthetic and semi-

synthetic polymers for the retention and delivery of active compounds are of current interest.

She is also an active member of the Young Scientist Committee of the Controlled Release Society

(CRS), the world largest organization in drug delivery science and technology innovation.

Currently she also serves as the President of the Malaysia CRS (MyCRS) Local Chapter.

P a g e | 35

Invited Speaker 6

Professor Dr. Rosli bin Md Illias

Dean of Health and Wellness Research Alliances, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

BIOGRAPHY

Rosli Md Illias is a Professor at the Department of Bioprocess Engineering in Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia, graduated with a first degree in Microbiology (UKM, 1992) and PhD in

Molecular Biology (Edinburgh University, 1997). He joined UTM in 1992 as a tutor. Currently, he

is the Dean of a Research Alliance at UTM. His research interests involved enzyme and cell

modification. He has been working and publishing papers on enzymatic reaction and molecular

engineering of several carbohydrases especially starch degrading enzymes such as Cyclodextrin

Glucanotransferase. His work on cell design involved the modification of E.coli for extracellular

secretion system.

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Invited Speaker 7

Professor Dr. Khalijah Awang

Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Malaya

BIOGRAPHY

Professor Dr Khalijah Awang is a prolific researcher in the area of natural products with a

strong focus on pharmacognosy. Her work covers the study of novel and bioactive compounds

from rare and endemic Malaysian plants that could be potential leads for the development of

therapeutic drugs. Some examples of novel compounds isolated are the neolignan series

“Pahangine A & B”, limonoid series “Malayanine A & B” and the peculiar indole alkaloid series,

the “lapidilactines”. In addition, she also endeavours in the studies of medicinal plants used in

the Malay traditional medicine: Alpinia conchigera, Brucea javanica, Curcuma zedoaria, Piper

sarmentosum and Kaempheria galanga. She has studied more than 70 Malaysian plants which

resulted in more than 200 ISI publications (H-index = 28, no of citation = 3029). Her hobbies

include reading, teaching, gardening, travelling, and learning foreign languages.

P a g e | 37

Invited Speaker 8

Dr. Thamil Selvee

Principal Investigator of Stem Cell Biology Laboratory and Head of Cell & Molecular Biology

Laboratory (CMBL), Faculty of Medicine Dean’s office, University of Malaya

BIOGRAPHY

Dr. Thamil Selvee Ramasamy earned her PhD in Clinical Medicine Research Programme

(specialisation: human embryonic stem cell research) from Department of Surgery and Cancer,

Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, UK. Currently, she is serving as a Principal

Investigator of Stem Cell Biology Laboratory as well as heading Cell & Molecular Biology

Laboratory (CMBL) under Central Research laboratories at Faculty of Medicine Dean’s office,

University of Malaya. She has been actively engaged in stem cell research for a decade now and

recently embarked on cancer stem cell research, the research fields that she has so much of

passion. Her research group has set their focus to strive for innovative and creative cutting edge

research in developing effective stem cell therapy and target cancer stem cells by developing

scientific programs of exceptional merit in collaboration with multiple institutions at national

and international level. She has been leading and involved in many research

programmes/grants at national and international levels. She has been invited to present the

research findings in many national and international meetings. Her passion in bringing the

impact of regenerative research in Malaysia to a great height is very much evident though her

leadership role as the President of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society of

Malaysia (TESMA) and collective effort at national level in building the network with

international institutions and societies.

P a g e | 38

Invited Speaker 9

Assistant Professor Dr. Lin Qingsong

Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Biological Sciences, National University of

Singapore (NUS) and Co-director of the Protein and Proteomics Centre (PPC), NUS.

BIOGRAPHY

Dr. Qingsong Lin is a Senior Research Fellow of the Department of Biological Sciences, National

University of Singapore (NUS), and the Co-director of the Protein and Proteomics Centre (PPC),

NUS. He obtained his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees from Xiamen University, China in 1991 and 1994,

majored in Biochemistry and Enzymology respectively. He received PhD degree from the

University of Toronto, Canada in 2002, majored in Clinical Biochemistry. His research interests

include disease biomarker discovery, target identification of drugs and their mechanisms of

action, as well as mechanisms of water desalination in mangrove plants and euryhaline fish, and

the development of biomimetic membranes. He has published over 100 peer reviewed papers,

including papers published in high-impact journals Nature Communications, Nature Chemical

Biology, Nature Protocols, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Autophagy, Pharmacology

& Therapeutics, ACS Central Science, Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, etc. He is the President

of the Singapore Society for Mass Spectrometry (SSMS), and a council member of the Asia

Oceania Agricultural Proteomics Organization (AOAPO).

P a g e | 39

Invited Speaker

Associate Professor Tetsuo Narumi

Associate Professor, Shizuoka University, Japan

BIOGRAPHY

Associate Professor Tetsuo Narumi is currently an Associate Professor of Bioorganic

Chemistry at Shizuoka University, Japan. He has obtained his Bachelor and Master Degree in

Engineering at Waseda University. The he continued with his PhD at Kyoto University in 2008.

Before became the associate professor at Shizuoka University, he was a former assistant

professor at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (2009-2013) and a Post-Doctoral Researcher

at University of Pennsylvania (2008-2009). He is active in research area regarding peptide and

has been awarded with many type of awards in Japan such as Award for Young Investigator

from The Japanese Peptide Society (2017), Award for Young Investigator from Tokai Branch,

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan (2017), Kinki Branch Award for

Encouragement of Research from The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (2007) and Outstanding

Research Award from Kansai Branch, The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan (2006).

His extensive works on research and development have been translated into numerous

publications in established journals.

P a g e | 40

Invited Speaker

Professor Hiroyuki Futamata

Professor at Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Japan

BIOGRAPHY

Professor Hiroyuki Futamata is currently a Professor at Research Institute of Green Science

and Technology, Shizuoka University, Japan. He has obtained his Bachelor, Master and phD in

Agriculture Chemistry at Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan. He started his career as Senior

Expert of Agriculture at Fukuoka Agriculture Institute, Fukuoka Prefecture Gorvenment (1993-

1994). Then he became an Assistant Professor in 2001-2008 at Department of Ecology

Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology. In 2008, he continued his career as Associate

Professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical E ngineering, Shizuoka

University. He also is a Professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical

Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University. His research interest is based

on the dynamics of microbial ecosystem. His extensive works on research and development

have been translated into numerous publications in established journals. He has published 47

International Journals and has 7 patents granted.

P a g e | 41

Invited Speaker

Professor Takayuki Saito

Professor at Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Japan

BIOGRAPHY

Professor Takayuki Saito is a professor of Research Institute of Green Science and Technology,

Shizuoka University, Japan. He graduated from Tohoku University, Japan. After his graduation,

he researched at National Institute for Resources and Environment belonging to Ministry of

Economy, Trade and Industry (Japanese government). He had been involving himself in

fundamental studies of multiphase flows and practical studies of energy technology and

environmental technology in 1979–1999. He was promoted to a division director in the institute

in 1995. He launched several national projects, and managed and led them in 1990-2000. He

moved to Shizuoka University as a full professor in 2000. He was appointed to Deputy Director

of Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University in 2014. He was

appointed to Director of Researches of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka

University in 2015. He is a corresponding author/coauthor of 150 original articles, reviews and

book chapters (including 50 Japanese articles), in the fields of fluid mechanics, multiphase flow,

optical physics, applied physics, chemical engineering, energy science and technology, and

environmental science and technology. He developed an optical fiber probing system

to measuring a bubble, droplet and gas-liquid interface. His system is commercialized by an

enterprise and employed world-widely. He developed a deep ocean CO2 sequestration system

named GLAD system (Gas Lift Advanced Dissolution System of CO2). His system was patented in

Japan, USA, EU, Canada and Australia. He is a fellow member of The Japan Society of Mechanical

Engineers. By his research achievements, he received 12 awards from Japanese government

(Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science

and Technology), Japanese academic societies (The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, The

Society ofChemical Engineers Japan, etc.), and Institute of Physics.

P a g e | 42

Invited Speaker

Professor Dr. Fadzilah Adibah Abd. Majid

Professor at the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu

BIOGRAPHY

Professor Dr Fadzilah Adibah is a Professor at Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University

Malaysia Terengganu. She holds a PhD from University of Birmingham, United Kingdom in 2002.

She pioneers the commercial medical research of herbal and marine based health supplement,

bridging the research activities to conform to industrial need and the regulatory requirement

following the international standards. She leads the commercial research on herbal supplement

for diabetes, arthritis and cancer. She is currently consulting on health products research and

development to a bionexus status company, Proliv Life Sciences Sdn Bhd and research based

company Naturemedic Laboratories Sdn Bhd for commercialization activities. Herbal

supplement for diabetes named Aidecine™ (MAL15080016TC), Glicatrim™

(MAL20152498TCE/USFDA) and Synacinn™ (MAL ) are the three most recently approved

herbal supplements developed through university research and is going into commercialization

exercise. She is a committee member of Cosmetics Safety Expert Committee (CoSEC) for

National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau (NPCB), Ministry of Health, Malaysia since 2010. She

recently engages with non-profit organization PUGM (Malaysia Graduate Entrepreneurs

Association) based in Kuala Lumpur to initiate networking with fellow graduate entrepreneurs

from ASEAN countries and China. Her research leadership is strengthened by a team of 21 PhDs,

30 Masters Degrees and more than 100 undergraduates. She published internationally and

locally more than 150 papers with ranks (May 2016): 306 citations/H-index 8 (Google

scholars), 191 citation/H-index 6 (Scopus).

P a g e | 43

ABSTRACTS

P a g e | 44

Keynote

Silkworm Biofactory

Enoch Y. Park

Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka

University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan

E-mail: dc_ankan@yahoo.co.in (ADC); park.enoch@shizuoka.ac.jp (EYP)

Abstract

Silkworms have provided huge amount of benefits to human beings since 5000 years. Still

silk products are highly value-added products and have contributed in the fields of natural

fibers, medical and biomimetic. Recently, silkworm is one of the most attractive hosts for

large-scale productions of eukaryotic proteins. The first practical Bombyx mori nuclear

polyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid system showed direct application for foreign protein

expression in silkworm. By using this system, several human proteins, such as

glycosyltransferases, IgG, and membrane protein were expressed successfully in silkworm

larvae using recombinant bacmid. In the present study, virus-like particles (VLPs) were

constructed for expression in silkworm expression system. VLPs can be successfully

produced in silkworm expression system and used as versatile vaccine candidate and new

platform for drug delivery systems (DDS). Here, Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) VLPs displaying

hCC49 single chain fragment region (rscFv) were created by the fusion of the transmembrane

and cytoplasmic domains of hemagglutinin from influenza A (H1N1) virus and were

produced in silkworm larvae to be a specific carrier of an anti-cancer drug. Fluorescein

isothiocyanate (FITC) or doxorubicin (DOX) was incorporated into hCC49 scFv-displaying

RSV VLPs; the DOX-loaded hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs killed LS174T cells via the

specific delivery of DOX that was mediated by hCC49 scFv.

Keywords: virus-like particles; drug delivery system; silkworm expression system

P a g e | 45

Plenary 1

Stem Cell and Drug Discovery

Maha El Demellawy1

1Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research

Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg

El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt

Email: meldemellawy@gmail.com

Abstract

Why stem cells represent attractive option for drug discovery studies? One of the main

reasons is that they make a much better model of human disease and drug reactions than

animal models. Stem cells became one of the elaborating technologies for efficacy and mode

of action assessment of new pharmaceutical compound, where, cellular and molecular effect

of the new drug compound can be clearly defined. Stem cells can also play a role in testing

the systemic toxicity of drugs. Several studies revealed that pluripotent stem cell lines can be

used to develop new assays for earlier identification of drugs that can cause chronic effects

on the body.

P a g e | 46

Plenary 2

Roles of Phytoceramide and Phytosphingosine on Epidermal Homeostasis

C. S. Park1

1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, 3-26, Pil-dong,

Chung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea.

Email: dgucsp@dongguk.edu

Abstract

The epidermal differentiation process is executed in a highly coordinated way. The ultimate goal of

this sophisticatedly regulated process is to form appropriate skin barrier, stratum corneum. Stratum

corneum has two structural compartments, corneocytes and lipids matrix surrounding corneocytes.

Permeability barrier function is performed by lipid multilamellar structure consisted of ceramides,

cholesterol, and free fatty acids resided in the extracellular domain of stratum corneum. Molecular

species and composition of epidermal ceramides are essential factors that determine the degree of

epidermal permeability. According to recent studies in addition, not only the composition and content

of ceramides but also the chain length of N-acylated fatty acids of ceramide has been identified as an

essential factor that affects the physical and chemical characteristics of lipid lamellar organization and

skin barrier function. Phytosphingosine is a sphingoid that is a key component of phytoceramides NP,

AP and EOP. Phytosphingosine has been known to have anti-inflammation and antimicrobial

activities and to stimulate epidermal differentiation. In addition, it is reported that phytosphingosine

treatment notably increased phytoceramide content in keratinocytes. In this study, we tried to

investigate whether phytosphingosine has any effect on the maturation of corneocytes such as

formation of cornified envelope and natural moisturizing factor that is also an essential event during

the formation of skin barrier. Special focus was made on the filaggrin metabolism that is directly

responsible for natural moisturizing factor production. Phytosphingosine increased the expression of

essential keratinocyte differentiation genes such as involucrin and transglutaminase 1 in cultured

human keratinocytes. Interestingly, the expressions of filaggrin, caspase 14 and bleomycin hydrolase,

all of which involved in natural moisturizing factor production in corneocytes, were significantly

induced by phytosphingosine treatment in vitro. The effect of phytosphingosine on filaggrin

metabolism was manifested as the increase of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and skin hydration in vivo

human skin. In addition, we investigated effects of phytosphingosine on the expression of several

essential genes for the biosynthesis of ceramides. Also, we determined molecular mechanism behind

the unique enhancement of ceramide NP upon treatment of PHS in the cultured keratinocytes. The

expressions of all of the three genes (SPT, CERS3, ELOVL4) and their respective proteins were

markedly increased in phytosphingosine treated keratinocytes. In conclusion, the expression of the

dihydroceramide C4-desaturase (DES2) responsible for conversion of dihydroceramide into ceramide

NP was uniquely enhanced only by phytosphingosine treatment. Taken all together, phytosphingosine

seems to play a versatile multiple roles in the processes of normal stratum corneum formation,

maturation of corneocytes and organization of proper lipid lamellar structure.

Keywords: Phytoceramide, phytosphingosine, filaggrin, DES2

P a g e | 47

Plenary 3

Probiotics for Health, Wealth, and Wellness

Hesham A. El Enshasy1,2

1

Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), University Teknologi Malaysia (UTM, Johor,

Malaysia 2School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor,

Malaysia

Email: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

Abstract

Microbes nowadays considered as the major effective key element in our life. During the last

few years, the microbiome concept have been widely applied to understand the role of

microbes in soil, plant, animal, and human. Microbes in soil is not only play critical role to

increase fertility and act as biocontrol agent but also reduce the environmental stress due to

climate change. In animal, they act to enhance the immune system, act against pathogens, and

produce many necessary metabolites which are not available in normal feed. In human, the

number of microbes is more than ten times of the number of mammalian cells in healthy

individual. They play very critical roles in digestion, enhance the immune system, producing

vitamins and key metabolites, required by human body, fight against microbial pathogens, up

to affecting the human mode and regulate the symptoms of mental diseases. However, the

diversity of probiotic microbes are not limited to those microbes in gastro intestinal tract

(GIT) as it was widely known for many decades but extend to other internal organs and the

human skin as well. Microbes in human body belong to different eukaryotic and prokaryotic

groups and thus, understanding their metabolites, growth kinetics and regulation of

metabolites expression is not easy. Nowadays, many of these microbes become very

important component in agri-, feed-, food- and nutraceutical- industries. This presentation

provides a comprehensive overview about probiotics in microbiome concept and how these

microbes can be produced in industrial scale to develop new products with wide range of

applications.

Keywords: Microbiome, Probiotics, Microbial Bioprocess, industral biotechnology,

Therapetic Microbes

P a g e | 48

Plenary 4

Development of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Division

Dinish Perumal

Principal Assistant Director, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Division, Ministry of

Health Malaysia

Email: dinishperumal@moh.gov.my

Abstract

Traditional & Complementary Medicine (T&CM) is a form of health-related practice

designed to prevent, treat, manage ailment and illnesses, or preserve the mental and physical

wellbeing of an individual. It shall be an essential component of the healthcare system, co-

existing with modern medicine and contributing towards enhancing the health and quality of

life among Malaysians. T&CM services been integrated into public hospitals since 2007 and

extended to primary healthcare since 2012. T&CM services that are available at different

public health facilities across Malaysia includes Malay massage, acupuncture, postnatal

treatment, Shirodhara, External Basti therapy, Varmam therapy and herbal therapy as an

adjunct treatment for cancer patients. The T&CM Act 2016 is a statutory regulation of

T&CM in Malaysia. The T&CM council, according to the act, comprises up to 22 members,

which plays key role in regulating the practice of T&CM and register T&CM practitioners.

The first phase of T&CM Act 2016 has been enforced on 1st of August 2016 and will be

gradually enforced fully. Recognised T&CM practice areas include Traditional Malay

Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Traditional Indian Medicine, Homeopathy,

Osteopathy and Chiropractic.

T&CM in Malaysia is now moving towards the evidence-based practice and has research

collaborations within the Ministry of Health (MOH) as well as with other agencies, locally

and internationally, including China, India, Thailand, and Brunei. The division plans include

continuous growth and preparation for the T&CM Act of 2016.

Keywords: Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Traditional and Complementary

Medicine Division

P a g e | 49

Plenary 5

Biopolymer-based Nanocomposites in the service of Wellness Industry

Ioannis Zuburtikudis1,2

,*

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E.

2Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Western Macedonia University of

Applied Sciences, Kozani, GREECE

*E-mail: ioannis.zuburtikudis@adu.ac.ae

Abstract

Polymer nanocomposites constitute a class of materials that combine the properties of the

polymer matrix with the unique properties of the nanoparticles dispersed in it. A subclass in

this big group of hybrid materials is the biopolymers-based nanocomposites. They consist of

a polymer derived from renewable bio-resources and the reinforcing nanoparticles. In most

cases, the biopolymer is biodegradable and/or biocompatible. Therefore, these biopolymer-

based nanocomposites are very attractive in biomedical applications, in smart packaging, and

other industrial applications with the Wellness Industry being the one industry where they

can have a big positive and immediate impact. In this work, our group’s research efforts for

the preparation, characterization and testing of biopolymer nanocomposites will be presented.

More specifically, results from our work with Poly(Lactic acid) (PLA), an aliphatic polyester,

Poly(3hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in the family of poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) and PBSA,

a copolyester of succinic acid (S), adipic acid (A), and 1,4-butanediol (B) with a composition

ratio 40/10/50 and the commercial name “Bionolle 3001” and reinforcements nanoparticles

of spherical, tubular and disk (platelet-like) form, with the silicate clays most frequently used

and studied, will be shown and their potential in tissue engineering as scaffolds will be

pointed out. These results will also highlight the need for research that will focus on the

conversion route of biomass to biopolymers in the framework of the biorefinery platform.

Keywords: Polymer nanocomposites, nanoparticles, Poly (Lactic acid) (PLA),

poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs), PBSA (Bionolle 3001)

P a g e | 50

Invited Speaker 1

Industrial Standard for Herbal Products

Sarifah Rejab1*, Thavamanithevi Subramaniam

1, Lim Chuan Gee

1,

Ahmad Hazri Ab Rashid1, Siti Shapura Mashood

1

1SIRIM Berhad. Persiaran Dato’ Menteri, Section 2, 40911 Shah Alam; sarifah@sirim.my

*Email: sarifah@sirim.my

Abstract

Herbal industry has been identified as a source of national economic growth for the country.

It offers a high rate of return on investment and there are great opportunities to use these

herbs to produce quality herbal products. The herbal products can be divided based on types

such as traditional medicines, cosmetics, functional foods, dietary supplements, flavors and

fragrances. However, the quality of herbal has a direct impact on the safety and efficacy of

herbal products. There are variances in processing of post harvested herbs practiced by local

herbal players which sometimes does not warrant consistent quality of herbal products

manufactured.The EPP project initiative, which emphasizes on improving product quality and

marketing efforts to tap the global demand in the dietary and herbal supplements as well as

the botanical drugs, has contributed to the robust activities in the local herbal industry both in

the upstream and downstream segments. SIRIM Berhad with support received from Ministry

of Agriculture Malaysia has developed a series of Industrial Standard for the herbal industry

player to use as a guideline to produce quality herbal materials and products. These Industry

standards were developed with the aim to ensure that herbal industries are able to manage

their processing of post-harvested herbs in a systematic approach. It highlights measures that

should be taken by industries in order to attain good quality of herbal substances and herbal

products produced.

Keywords: Industry Standard, Herbal, Quality, Safety, Efficacy.

P a g e | 51

Invited Speaker 2

Novel Killer Toxin Produced by Trichosporon Yeast: Characterization and

Treatment of Saccharomyces Fungemia

Ashraf F. ElBaz1*

, Mahmoud Nasr1, Yousseria M. H. Shetaia

2, and Nasser E. Ibrahim

1

1Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City (USC),

Sadat City, Egypt.

2Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

*Email: ashrafhawase@gmail.com

Abstract

Fungemia associated with the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae probiotic is a major concern

for children, immunocompromised and critically ill patients. Therefore, an efficient and

practical biological alternative to control the pathogenic consequences of this yeast is

required. Accordingly, the focus of the present study was the identification and

characterization of a novel killer toxin produced by Trichosporon with potential antimicrobial

activity against S. cerevisiae. The strain was identified as T. jirovecii which was capable of

producing toxin with a minimum inhibition concentration of 0.055 g/mL against S.

cerevisiae. The toxin lost its activity upon treatment with Endoglycosidase H elucidating that

the toxin is a glycoprotein compound. The genetic determinant of the toxin production was

tested and it was concluded that the expression of this proteinous toxin (38 KDa) is controlled

by a virus-like particle containing dsRNA. Accordingly, T. jirovecii killer toxin can has a

potential application in the medical field.

Keywords: Killer toxin, Trichosporon, antimicrobial, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, virus-like

particles.

P a g e | 52

Invited Speaker 3

Understanding the Molecular Basis of Health and Diseases

Ma. Luisa D. Enriquez1

1Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research (CENSER)

Biology Department, College of Science, De La Salle University Manila, Philippines

Email: ma.luisa.enriquez@dlsu.edu.ph

Abstract

Good health is every man’s goal in life. But the road to good health is not easy as two

determinants are constantly at play: genes and environment. Good health can be achieved by

balanced diet, exercise, enough sleep and efficient stress management. In real life however,

this practice of wellness has a lot of challenges. People following healthy lifestyle are still

afflicted with life threatening diseases because of genetic susceptibility. There are also

studies claiming that expression of a marker gene for a disease can be modified by eating

generous amounts of fruits and vegetables because our genes respond to the food we eat. If

we can ask our genes what food is best for our health, what could this be? The choice of what

food to eat has cultural and socioeconomic dimensions. Asians love to eat rice and among

the top ten countries worldwide consuming rice, China ranks number one with India and

Indonesia in the 2nd and 3rd positions. Recent studies in China and Japan indicated that

there might be an association between white rice intake and type 2 diabetes. On the other

hand, the growing incidence of lung cancer among female nonsmokers in Asia is getting

attention. Scientists are now looking at the role of genetic predisposition which may increase

the individual’s susceptibility to environmental carcinogens. Genome wide association

studies have identified a number of molecular markers like single nucleotide polymorphisms

(SNPs) and microsatellites that influence susceptibility to diabetes, cardiovascular disease

and cancer. More studies using sensitive molecular tools coupled with population based data

will provide the much needed information to describe this interaction between genetic and

environmental factors in this continuum model of health and disease.

Keywords: Genes, environment, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, molecular markers,

SNPs, GWAS, microsatellites

P a g e | 53

Invited Speaker 4

Oil Palm Biomass as a Potential Substrate for High Value Added Product

Nursia Hassan and Ani Idris*

Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Facultyof Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor,

Malaysia

*Email: aniidris@utm.my

Abstract

This paper presents an overview of oil palm biomass as a potential substrate with a special

focus on diversifiying and maximizing the value of palm oil biomass feedstock to produce

bio-based chemicals that demonstrated strong market growth. The oil palm plantation and oil

palm mill are well-known for their other sources of renewable energy with a huge amount of

biomass such as oil palm fronds, oil palm trunks and empty fruit bunches. A majority of these

lignocellulosic palm oil residues are not effectively utilized and some part of this waste are

being utilized as biofertilizers and solid biofuels. Thus, the potential of oil palm biomass

should be explored by diversifying the utilization of these biomass to produce bio-based

chemicals which can generate higher revenue. Utilization of huge quantities of biomass from

the palm oil industry to produce value added chemicals such as lactic acid and succinic acid

can make their production more competitive and sustainable. Several bioprocessing

approaches used such as separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous

saccharification and fermentation (SSF) are highlights of this paper. Other important steps in

biochemical conversion of EFB which include pretreatment, and enzymatic hydrolysis and

the problems associated are also included.

Keywords: succinic acid, lacticacid, empty fruit bunch (EFB), lignocellulose, simultaneous

saccharification and fermentation (SSF)

P a g e | 54

Invited Speaker 5

Alginate Composite Hydrogel Film Containing Moringa Oleifera

Standardised Leaves Extracts for Wound Healing Application

Shiow-Fern Ng1

1Centre of Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Email: nsfern@ukm.edu.my

Abstract

Moringa oleifera (MOL), also known as Merunggai, is a medicinal plant found in tropical

countries, including India, Pakistan, and Malaysia. Previously, the wound healing property of

MOL leave extract has been well demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro models. However,

exploration of the potential utility of the extract into a wound healing formulation is limited.

Our study aims to develop an alginate composite film dressing containing standardised MOL

leave extracts for wound healing application. From the results, MOL aqueous extracts were

found to contain vicenin-2, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, rosmarinic

acid and rutin. Among the film formulations, alginate-pectin composite film dressing

containing M. oleifera aqueous leaf extract was found to possess optimal physicochemical

properties as wound dressing. From in vivo studies, MOL film formulations exhibited no

signs of dermal toxicities. In excision wound model, MOL film significantly enhanced the

wound closure by 77.67 ± 7.28 % at day 7 compared to control group. Whilst in abrasion

wounds, MOL films accelerated wound closure significantly at 81 ± 4.5 % as compared to

the control. It was concluded that the MOL extract-loaded film had proven to be very

promising to accelerate wound healing process.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera, hydrogel film, wound healing, film dressing, vicenin-2,

alginate

P a g e | 55

Invited Speaker 6

From Starch To Neutraceutical: The Role of Enzymes and Microbial

Technology

Rosli Md Illias1,*

1,*

School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor

Email:r-rosli@utm.my

Abstract

Despite vast and increasing interest in lignocellulosic biomass as a source of sugars for the

production of biochemicals, starch still remains as one of the most abundant storage

carbohydrate on the earth. Starch is a plant-based edible polymer which plays a big role as a

source of renewable raw material for chemical production. Commercially produced starch

and starch derivatives are commonly used in food industry with the revenue expected to reach

USD 77.4 billion by 2018. Given its abundance, starch pose as a great potential for the

synthesis of nutraceuticals such xylitol, cyclodextrin and oligosaccharides. Enzymes such as

cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) and maltogenic amylase (MAase) which belong to

a group of starch modifying enzymes or carbohydrases have been used for the synthesis of

cyclodextrin and maltooligosaccharide. Protein engineering approach and technology can be

used to improve the properties of these enzymes to produce better or different products.

Another strategy to convert starch into products such as xylitol is by the development of

microbial cell factory. This approach, microbial technology is applied by manipulating

microbes to exhibit a certain capabilities and improve performance to synthesize the desired

products from starch. Enzyme and microbial technologies play an important role in

converting starch as a cheap source to valuable nutraceuticals for human benefits.

Keywords: Protein engineering, extremophiles, microbial cell factory, starch enzymes

P a g e | 56

Invited Speaker 7

Herbal Medicine and Natural Products

Khalijah Awang1

1Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603

Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Email: khalijah@um.edu.my

Abstract

Malaysia is a highly diversed country both in terms of culture and its natural resources. It is

being one of the 12 th world mega bio diversities, we actually host one of the oldest forest in

the world and we inherit a rich medicinal practice culture identified as the Malay traditional

medicine which involves usage of plants like tongkat ali, kacip fatimah, kunyit and many

others. The presentation will discuss briefly the work of IFM-NatPro Lab on known

traditional medicinal plants for the treatment of various disease as diabetes, cancer and

antifungal infection.

P a g e | 57

Invited Speaker 8

Development of Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Strategies For

Regenerative Medicine

Thamil Selvee Ramasamy1

1Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,

University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Email: selvee@um.edu.my

Abstract

The development of strategies to treat aging associated degenerative diseases and its related

complications is a major challenge for biomedicine, and will require efforts across the

research spectrum including understanding on stem cell behaviour in disease state and

harnessing the therapeutic potential of stem cells. Studies have reported the therapeutic

potential of stem cells and their secretory factors to improve healing and reversal of acute and

chronic degenerative diseases through their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and

angiogenic properties. Central direction our stem cell laboratory is to develop novel

approaches that enhance the therapeutic outcome of stem cells and their secretory factors,

with an ultimate goal of producing a pool of transplantable cellular resources and therapeutics

which has high regenerative capacity in a sufficient number. Currently, we are focusing on

understanding the ageing of stem cells, role of stem cells in disease state such as cancer) and

development novel combinatorial approaches to enhance their therapeutic outcomes in

treating various degenerative diseases.

Keywords:

P a g e | 58

Invited Speaker 9

Chemical Proteomics for Drug Target Identification

Qingsong Lin1 *

, Han-Ming Shen3, and Jigang Wang

3

1Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543

2Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597

3Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600

*Email: dbslinqs@nus.edu.sg

Abstract

Most drugs exert pharmacological effects through interaction with their target proteins.

Therefore, drug target identification is a crucial step towards the understanding of the

mechanism of drug action. It is also imperative to study the pharmacodynamics of a known

drug, with an aim to discover the potentially unrevealed actions and thus refine its future

clinical applications. We coupled iTRAQTM

(isobaric tags for relative and absolute

quantitation) quantitative proteomics approach with click chemistry to specifically and

comprehensively identify drug targets in live cells. Using this approach, we identified the

protein targets of andrographolide, a natural product with known anti-inflammation and anti-

cancer effects, in live cancer cells. The identified target list not only confirmed the known

functions of the drug but also revealed its potential novel application as a tumor metastasis

inhibitor. We have also used this strategy, combining with a cleavable probe to identify the

protein targets of aspirin and its binding sites. Our results revealed the roles of aspirin in

inhibition of protein synthesis and induction of autophagy, which have been functionally

validated. To understand the mechanism of action of artemisinin as antimalaria and

anticancer drug, we generated an alkyne-tagged artemisinin analogue and identified over 100

artemisinin targets from the malaria parasite, and over 300 targets from the cancer cells.

Many of these targets are involved in essential biological processes of the parasite or the

cancer cells, thus artemisinin treatment disrupts the biochemical landscape of the parasite or

the cancer cells and causes their death.

Keywords: Chemical proteomics, drug targets, iTRAQ quantitative proteomics, click

chemistry, artemisinin

P a g e | 59

Invited Speaker

Amide-to-Alkene Isosteric Switch Strategy for Peptidomimetic Study on

Amyloid Fibril Formation

Y. Kodama1 and T. Narumi

2*

1 Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, 2Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan,

*E-mail: narumi.tetsuo@shizuoka.ac.jp

Abstract

Amide-to-alkene isosteric switching is one of the promising strategies to overcome the

enzymatic hydrolysis of amide bonds in peptide science. Recently, we have focused on the

synthetic and application studies on the chloroalkene-type amide bond isosteres. In this study,

we have applied this isosteric switch strategy to probe the contributions of H-bonding

interactions in -sheets by the combination use of (Z)-chloroalkene-type and (E)-

methylalkene-type amide bond isosteres. By using the two-type isosteres that are structurally

similar but differ in electronic properties, we have been able to examine the contribution of

both interstrand and intraresidue H-bonding interactions on their self-assembly. Details of

the synthesis and AFM studies of the peptidomimetics containing amide bond isosteres will

be presented. In addition, we will present several peptidomimetic studies to evaluate their

peptide bond mimicry of the (Z)-chloroalkene moiety including the H-bonding ability and the

stereoelectronic effects on the trans/cis conformational preference of the amide bond.

Keywords: amyloid fibril, H-bonding, chloroalkene, peptidomimetic

P a g e | 60

Invited Speaker

Challenge of Efficient Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment by Bio-Mineral

Yuki Kudo1, Shota Ando

2, Yosuke Tashiro

3, and Hiroyuki Futamata

4*

1Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku

Jyohoku 3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561 kudo.yuki.14@shizuoka.ac.jp 2Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku

Jyohoku 3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561 ando.shota.17@shizuoka.ac.jp 3Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University Naka-ku Jyohoku 3-5-1,

Hamamatsu, 432-8561.tashiro.yosuke@shizuoka.ac.jp 4Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University Naka-ku Jyohoku

3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561.

*E-mail: futamata.hiroyuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

Abstract

The development of efficient anaerobic wastewater treatment is indispensable for sustainable

society to reduce the total energy and CO2. Wastewater treatment reactors were constructed

under aerobic (control) and anaerobic conditions equipped with electrode (AE) or electrode

including a rechargeable bio-mineral (AEBM), which were enriched by circulating batch

culture with 1500 ppm of initial activated sludge. Fresh artificial wastewater at COD of 600

ppm was exchanged with half volume of supernatant every 2 days in the control reactor and

every 10 days in the AE and AEBM reactors. In the control reactor, COD removal ratio was

approximately over 90% every cycle and activated sludge increased to about 3000 ppm in 22

days. The COD removal ratio was over 80% in anaerobic reactors. The amount of activated

sludge in the AE and AEBM reactors were maintained at approximately 1370 and 930 ppm

during this experiment. The average rate of COD removal per amount of activated sludge in

the AEBM was approximately 0.09 mg L-1

day-1

ppm MLSS-1

, which was 1.9-fold and 1.5-

fold of the control and the AE reactors. These results demonstrated that the bio-mineral was

useful for enhancing the anaerobic respiration. Microbial communities in the AEBM reactor

were different from the AE reactor. Especially, dynamics of planktonic populations in the

AEBM was closer to anode population than the AE reactor. These results suggested that the

bio-mineral affected not only biofilm but also planktonic communities through electronic

flow, resulting in enhancement of anaerobic wastewater treatment activity.

Keywords

Anaerobic microorganisms, Wastewater treatment, Biogenic mineral, Anaerobic respiration

P a g e | 61

Invited Speaker

An innovative particle separation-classification processes in a liquid-solid

mixture under irradiation of 20-kHz ultrasound

T. Saito1*

, H. Muramatsu2 and Y. J. Tan

3

1Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan. 2Graduate school of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, tan.yi.jin.16@shizuok.ac.jp 3Graduate school of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku,

Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, muramatsu.hiroya.15@shizuoka.ac.jp

*E-mail: saito.takayuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

Abstract

My research group found out a fascinating phenomenon that particles with sub-millimeter or

millimeter diameter dispersed in water are flocculated into a spherical swarm by irradiating

kHz-band ultrasound, and developed a new process for particle separation and classification

process. In this flocculation process, acoustic cavitation-oriented bubbles (ACOBs) play an

essential role, which is absolutely different from conventional ultrasound particle

manipulation techniques. The ACOBs’ dynamical characteristics in the ultrasound pressure

field vary with the gas components and concentration in water; thus the particle flocculation

patterns are influenced by the gas conditions. A pattern of spherical particle flocculation

appears in air-dissolution water, and a pattern of chain-like flocculation appears in CO2

concentration-controlled water. Furthermore, the ACOBs’ dynamical characteristics vary

with the ultrasound irradiation conditions such as amplitude, frequency and their change rate.

First, on the basis of the forces acting on the ACOBs and the particles, the mechanisms of

these flocculation patterns are discussed. Second, highly utilizing the revealed mechanisms, a

new particle separation and classification process by diameter will be proposed. Finally, the

performance of this new process is demonstrated.

Keywords: Ultrasound, Acoustic cavitation, Particle separation, Gas concentration, Particle

flocculation

P a g e | 62

Invited Speaker

Nutraceutical Properties of ALLURA Herb-Fruit Based Botanical Drink

for Skin Beautification

S. N. Abdul Hamid1, A. N. Zainuddin

2, and F. A. Abdul Majid

1, 2 *

1Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering Department, School of Chemical an Energy

Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81030 Johor Bahru,

Johor 2Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,

Terengganu, Malaysia

*Email: f.adibah@umt.edu.my

Abstract

ALLURA is a traditional botanical drink especially designed for women’s general health

maintenance. It is made using combination of herbs and fruit juices. The antioxidant

properties of ALLURA was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-

azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radicals along with phenolic and

flavonoid content using colorimetric method. ALLURA was rich in phenolic (67.31mg

GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (43.21 mg CE/g extract) compound constituting 10.98 mg

gallic acid/g extract. The antioxidant activity exhibited IC50 values of 180.40 µg/mL and

174.40 µg/mL for DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. The anti-aging (IC50 22.41µg/mL)

and whitening effects (IC50 149.20 µg/mL) of ALLURA were shown by porcine elastase and

mushroom tyrosinase activity. ALLURA was effectively increased the proliferation and

migration of human skin fibroflast (HSF1184) in in vitro scratch assay at concentration 1000

µg/mL and below. Additionally, significant secretion of TGF-β was found in ALLURA-

treated HSF1184 by ELISA assay. These findings provided preliminary report for the first

time the functionality of ALLURA for skin repair and beautification with respect to their

antioxidant capabilities.

Keywords: Anti-oxidant, Anti-elastase, Anti-tyrosinase, Botanical drink, Allura

P a g e | 63

TRACK 1

PLANT AND HERBAL BIOPROCESSING -

STANDARDIZATION AND PROFILING

(PART 1)

P a g e | 64

Standardization and Validation Study of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.

Extracts using HPLC

F. Buang1, *

, K. Mohd 1, A. Abdul Ghani

1, K. Husain

1, R. Dianita

1, N. Mohd Fauzi

1, Z. Jubri

1

and I. Jantan1

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Drug & Herbal Research Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Abstract

Traditional medicine is the first step to treat diseases since ancient era. Medicinal Plants have

provided the foundation for modern pharmaceuticals and drug leads. Among the Gynura

genus, G. procumbens are the most scientifically investigated and analyzed. It is found in

various parts of Asia and is widely used in Thailand and Southeast Asia as a traditional

medicine. The aim of this study was to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of the G.

procumbens extract from three different location (GP1, GP2 and GP3) using HPLC. The

standardization of the plant was using selected chemical marker compounds chlorogenic acid.

While validation of the HPLC analysis was done according to the ICH guidelines 2005.

Results revealed amount of chlorogenic acid in the 80% EtOH extract of GP1 was calculated

as 3.40 µg/ml, GP2 was 1.18 µg/ml and GP3 was 12.921 µg/ml.

Keywords

Gynura procumbens, standardization, chlorogenic acid

* Presenting author

Fhataheya Buang

Address: Faculty of Pharmacy, Drug & Herbal Research Center, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tel: +60 92897484

Fax: +60 92897928

E-mail address: fhataheya_buang@ukm.edu.my

P a g e | 65

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Orthosiphon Stamineus Leaves: Effect of

Extraction Time, Ethanol Concentration and Amplitude on The Extraction

Yield, Total Phenolic Content and Yield of Rosmarinic Acid.

S. H. Suhaimi1 and R. Hasham

1*

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru.

Abstract

Natural bioactive compounds on plant extract are useful for the treatment and prevention of

human disease. Conventional extraction techniques have been associated with high

consumption of solvents which lead to the development of advanced extraction technology

such as ultrasound assisted extraction method. In this study, ultrasound assisted extraction

with ethanol as a solvent was employed to extract Orthosiphon stamineus leaves. The aim for

this study was to investigate the effect of changing the extraction parameter such as

extraction time, ethanol concentration and amplitude toward total extraction yield, total

phenolic content and yield of rosmarinic acid. The extraction yield was measured and stated

in percentage. Total phenolic content was identified using Folin-Ciocalteu method and

expressed in gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mg. Quantification of rosmarinic acid was

conducted using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and expressed in mg/g. The

results found that increasing extraction time lead to increase in total yield of Orthosiphon

stamineus. Both total phenolic content and yield of rosmarinic acid increase with the increase

of extraction time from 5 minutes to 20 minutes. Both total phenolic content and yield of

rosmarinic acid rise with the increase of ethanol concentration. However, it plunges after

70% ethanol concentration. While increasing ethanol concentration caused total yield of

Orthosiphon stamineus decreased. Total yield, total phenolic content and yield of rosmarinic

acid increase as the amplitude increase from 20 A to 60A. But at 80A onwards it decreased

the total yield of Orthosiphon stamineus, total phenolic content and yield of rosmarinic acid.

Collectively, the present study showed that the extraction yield, total phenolic content and

yield of rosmarinic acid are influenced by extraction time, concentration of ethanol and

amplitude.

Keywords

Orthosiphon staminues, ultrasonic assisted extraction, rosmarinic acid, amplitude,

* Corresponding author

Dr Rosnani Hasham@Hisam

Address: N22, Insitute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 75531989

Fax: +60 75539706

E-mail address: rosnani@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 66

Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity Study of Crude Water Extract and

SPE Fractions from Carica papaya Leaves

Fitrien Husin1, Harisun Ya’akob

1,2*, Siti Norazlina Abd Rashid

3 and

Saleha Shahar

4

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 3Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing, University Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

4Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310,

Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Millions of people in various traditional systems resorted to the use of medicinal plants for

their ailments and recently, substances with antioxidant properties have been given

unprecedented attention as possible therapeutic and preventive agents. The present study

focused on antioxidant and cytotoxicity assessment of crude and fractions of Carica papaya

leaves as an important medicinal plant. Antioxidant activity of the crude water extract and

solvent fractions obtained from Carica papaya leaves (CPL) was evaluated in terms of

capacity to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals while cytotoxicity

was measured using the MTS colorimetric assay. The crude extract and the fractions showed

considerable antioxidant activity with the most potent radical scavenger in the order of

fraction 3, fraction 2, fraction 1, crude, fraction 4 and fraction 5, respectively. However, in

term of cytotoxicity, the crude water extract showed no cytotoxic effects within the tested

concentrations while CPL fraction 1, 2 and 3 showed no cytotoxicity effect up to 2000 µg/ml,

whereas fraction 4 and 5 showed no cytotoxicity up to 1000 µg/ml. The results obtained from

this study provide a clear rationale for the medicinal uses of Carica papaya.

Keywords

Carica papaya, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant, Crude extract, Fractions

* Corresponding author

Dr. Harisun Ya’akob

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532502

E-mail address: harisun@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 67

Antioxidant Properties of Extracts and SPE Fractions from

Annona muricata Leaves

Nur Athirah Hashim1, Mohamad Norisham Mohamad Rosdi

1 and Harisun Ya’akob

1,2*

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Annona muricata L. (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) is a tropical plant species known for its

edible fruit and well known for the medicinal value. In this study, antioxidant properties of A.

muricata leaves is evaluated for different extracts and fractions. The air dried leaves of A.

muricata leaves was successively extracted with n-hexane and methanol. The methanolic

crude extract was further semi purified by utilizing solid phase extraction (SPE) in a mixture

of mobile phase aqueous: methanol to methanol: chloroform and resulted five semi-purified

fractions (Fr 1 – Fr 5). Antioxidant properties of extracts and fractions were evaluated by free

radical scavenging activity against DPPH radicals comparing with standard ascorbic acid,

quercetin and catechin. Results indicated that methanolic extracts showed exceptionally

higher radical scavenging activity compared with n-hexane crude with EC50 44.21 mg/mL

and 302.41 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, fractions Fr 2 (aqueous: methanol; 50: 50)

exhibited the highest scavenging activity with the EC50 of 12.46 mg/mL followed by Fr 1

(aqueous: methanol; 80: 20) with 51.44 mg/mL and Fr 3 (aqueous: methanol; 20: 80) with

54.39 mg/mL. In conclusion, Fr 2 could be potentially applied as natural antioxidant agent in

both food, nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals fields for health promotion. However, Fr 2 has

to be further purified to study the constituents which possibly condensed mainly with

phenolic and flavonoids that known to possess the highest antioxidant effects.

Keywords

Annona muricata, Extractions, Solid phase extraction (SPE), Antioxidant, DPPH

* Corresponding author

Dr. Harisun Ya’akob

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532502

Fax: +60 75539706

E-mail address: harisun@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 68

Effect of Extraction Temperature on Tannin Content and Antioxidant

Activity of Quercus infectoria (Manjakani)

Iylia Arina Md Zaki1 and Harisun Yaa’kob

1,2*

1Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Quercus infectoria or locally known as Manjakani is one of the greatest herbs containing

several bioactive compounds such as tannin which are potentially to be effective in exhibiting

various biological functions including antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activity. This

study was specifically aimed to investigate the effects of extraction temperatures on tannin

and antioxidant activity; the interaction between these two responses towards the processing

parameter chosen. Generally, physical parameters such as extraction temperature plays a

significant role in the extraction process of bioactive compounds. A great control of

extraction parameters will be able to preserve the active compounds from any point of

degradation during extracting process. The main bioactive compound; tannin was extracted

from Quercus infectoria galls using aqueous decoction method. Few different extraction

temperatures were selected prior for the extraction of tannin from Q. infectoria galls

optimally. The selected temperatures were at 50, 75 and 100 0C and the effects of these

temperatures on tannin content and antioxidant activity were examined thoroughly. High

Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the active

compounds mainly tannic acid found in Q. infectoria galls. Alternatively, DPPH radical

scavenging assay was performed to analyse the antioxidant activity and trends affected from

the extraction temperature. The results demonstrated that Q. infectoria aqueous extract gives

the highest tannin concentration of 3332.02 ppm and highest antioxidant activity

approximately at 91.61% at the extraction temperature of 750C. The outcomes of this study

illustrate that extraction temperatures gave significant effects on the response variables

(tannin content and antioxidant activity) respectively and the interaction between these

responses were considered.

Keywords: Quercus infectoria, Extraction Temperature, Tannin, Aqueous Extraction,

Antioxidant

* Corresponding author

Dr. Harisun Ya’akob

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532502

Fax: +60 75539706

E-mail address: harisun@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 69

Enhancement of Gaharu Oleoresin Yield and its Compounds by Process

Optimization using Response Surface Methodology

Sulaiman Ngadiran1, Ida Idayu Muhamad

2, Ramlan Aziz

1,2, Nor Farahiyah Aman Nor

1,

Zairani Mat Tahir1, Nor Rashidah Ahmed

1 and Mohd Faizal Mohamad @ Mohd Annuar

1

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia

2Bioprocess Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

In this study, the influence of process parameters on the extraction oleoresin from dried

gaharu powder (DGP) were investigated. The extraction process of different DGP sizes, solid

to solvent ratio and extraction duration were determined by using response surface

methodology (RSM). Gaharu oleoresin was produced using ethanol reflux extraction

method. The chemical compounds were analyzed by using GCMS. The results suggested that

the smaller particle size of raw material (S3), 1:29.88 g/ml of mass ratio of DGP to ethanol at

4.97 hours of extraction time are the optimal condition to obtain the highest gaharu oleoresin

yield (7.26 w/w %). The study revealed that the smaller particle size of raw material

contributed the higher yield with shorter extraction duration and lower solid to solvent ratio.

The compounds of gaharu oleoresin at optimized condition indicated overall improvement of

chemical compounds compositions of 4-phenyl-2-butanone, β-Guaiene, agarospirol, α-

bisabolene epoxide, alloaromadendrene oxide and aromadenderence oxide.

Keywords

Gaharu Extraction, Gaharu Oleoresin, Optimization, Response Surface Methodology

* Presenting author

Sulaiman B. Ngadiran

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 19 7558581

E-mail address: sulaiman@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 70

Influence of Nutrient Management on Crop Yield in Polyculture System.

M. N. Fakhrina, M. R. Amalina, P. Y. Ong, M. H. Nadri. K. K. Cheng and L. Hong Yeng*

Innovation Centre in Agritechnology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor,

Malaysia for Advanced Bioprocessing

Abstract

Increasing food demand due to higher population, urbanization and competition for land have

resulted in intensive farming practices to increase yield per area. Intensive farming is often

associates with excessive fertilizer use, loss of soil fertility, and agrochemical pollution. It is

essential to adopt sustainable agricultural practices that are sociable viable and environmental

sound to maintain productivity and in the same time conserve resources. Thus, farm

management is the key factor in determining the sustainability of a farming system. The main

objective of this study is to determine the influences of different types of fertilizer towards

crop yield and quality in polyculture system. This study including application of organic

fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and bio-fertilizer to polyculture crop. Inorganic fertilizer

resulted the best yield but combination of organic with inorganic fertilizer showed no

significant difference. Thus, plant needs organic and inorganic fertilizer to increase the yield

of production.

Keywords

Polyculture crop, yield, organic fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer

* Corresponding author

Dr Nicole Leong Hong Yeng

Address: Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing, Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia Pagoh, 84600 Pagoh, Johor

Tel: +60 69742827

Fax: +60 69742996

E-mail address: hongyeng@utm.my

P a g e | 71

Preliminary studies on the extraction of Eurycomanone from Tongkat Ali

Extract

N. A. A. Aziz 1*

, M. R. M. Sarmidi 2, and R. Hasham

1,3

1Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical & Energy

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia. 3Institute Bioproduct of Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia

Abstract

The root of Eurycoma Longifolia, locally known as Tongkat Ali is widely used to extract

bioactive compounds including saponin, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolics. It is well

known the bioactive compounds in Tongkat Ali extract, especially water extract is good for

aphrodisiac properties. Previous work standardised extract by measuring concentration of

eurycomanone within overall extract. High demand on this plant indicating more

investigation needed for improving the quantity and quality of eurycomanone in Tongkat Ali

extract. To my best knowledge, there is a few studies on the extraction using ultrasound-

assisted extraction for this plant, thus it is desired to determine how processing parameters

affects eurycomanone content. The overall study investigated the effect of various process

parameters such as e traction time (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5,3) hour, temperature (30, 40, 50, 0, 0) C

and ratio sample to solvent (5,10,15,20,25,30) mL/g on the yield of major constituent in

Tongkat Ali. The findings are used for further study on Research Surface Methodology

(RSM) to determine the optimum conditions of extraction process.

Keywords

extraction, eurycomanone, ultrasound-assisted extraction, Tongkat Ali, Eurycoma Longifolia

root

* Corresponding author

Dr. Rosnani Binti Hasham@Hisam

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai,

Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 137297705

E-mail address: rosnani@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 72

In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Selected Malaysian Medicinal Plants

against Bacteria Causing Body Odor

N. A. Md Sidek1, K. Husain

1, and M. Mohd Said

1*

1Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Abstract

The global antiperspirant and deodorant market is estimated to worth about US$18.9 billion

in 2016 and the value is increasing each year. However, possible association of this class of

products with several skin problems increases the need of search for natural antiperspirants

from natural resources that are of quality, safe and efficacious. This study aimed to determine

the in vitro inhibitory activity of Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Citrus aurantifolia, and Cucumis

sativus extracts on skin microbiota that are responsible for human body odor. These plants

were collected from Pahang, Malaysia. After cleaning, they were dried, grounded into

powder and then extracted with ethanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The antibacterial

susceptibility test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays were carried out

against three bacterias responsible for human body odors; Staphylococcus epidermidis

(ATCC 14990), Corynebacterium jeikeium (ATCC 43734), and Corynebacterium

tuberculostearicum (ATCC 35692). The n-hexane fraction of C. xanthorrhiza showed highest

inhibition zone (S. epidermidis = 19.0 ± 1.0 mm, C. jeikeium = 18.33 ± 1.15 mm, C.

tuberculostearicum = 21.67 ± 0.58 mm) and lowest MIC values (3.125 mg/mL) against all

three bacteria strains. Besides, the n-hexane fraction of C. aurantifolia and C. sativus extracts

were also showing positive inhibition of C. jeikeium with MIC values of 6.25 mg/mL. The n-

hexane extracts of C. xanthorrhiza and C. auantifolia were identified to be potentially

effective as natural alternative to eliminate or reduce the bacteria that are causing body odor.

Keywords

Body odor, antibacterial activity, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Cucumis sativus, Citrus

aurantifolia

* Corresponding author

Dr Mazlina binti Mohd Said

Address: Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tel: +60 39289 7972

Fax: +60 39289 7060

E-mail address: mazlina.said@ukm.edu.my

P a g e | 73

Inhibition of lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases by Momordica charantia

extract

A. R. Yunos1, *

, M. H. Nadri1,2

, M. R. Sarmidi1, K.K. Cheng

1,2

1Innovation Centre in Agritechnology, UTM Pagoh Research Centre, Eduhub Pagoh, 84600

Pagoh, Muar,Johor, 2School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia,

Abstract

Momordica charantia (MC) or bitter gourd is a climber belongs to the family of

Cucurbitaceae. While there are accumulating evidences showing anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant,

anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of MC, the effects of fractionation and

processing of MC on its anti-inflammatory activity have not been fully elucidated. Therefore,

the objectives of this study were to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of MC raw juice

and fractions from MC fruit extract and to evaluate the effect of processing methods on its

anti-inflammatory activity. First, MC juice was extracted using a conventional juicer (Raw

Juice) and fractionated using a solid phase extraction (SPE) method into five fractions,

namely Strong Acid, Weak Acid, Neutral, Weak Base, and Strong Base fractions. The Raw

Juice and its fractions were then tested for their anti-inflammatory activities which included

cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and 15-

lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibition assays. The current results showed that the COX-1

inhibition activity of MC can be attributed to the neutral metabolites (52.60% inhibition), and

no significant difference in COX-1 inhibition activity was found between the Neutral fraction

and the Raw Juice. In contrast, the anti-COX-2 activity of MC was found exerted collectively

by metabolites in multiple fractions (including Strong Base, Neutral, and Strong Acid

fractions). On the other hands, metabolites from all five fractions contributed to the inhibition

activities of MC on 5-LOX (55.51% inhibition for Raw Juice) and 15-LOX (55.3% inhibition

for Raw Juice). In addition, the current findings showed that the juice processing technique

influenced the bioactivity of the plant, where juice extract obtained from a slow juicer

showed consistently higher anti-inflammatory activities than juice from a conventional juicer.

The data also suggested that freeze drying process may retain MC’s anti-inflammatory

activities. In summary, the current study provided evidences of anti-inflammatory action of

MC and its fractions, which may contribute towards an improved processing and

fractionation strategy for MC.

Keywords

Momordica charantia, anti-inflammatory, fractionation, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase

* Presenting author

A.Rafidah binti A.Mohd Yunos

Innovation Centre in Agritechnology, UTM Pagoh Research Centre, Eduhub Pagoh, 84600 Pagoh, Muar, Johor,

Malaysia

Tel: +606-9742805 / +6012-8235114

E-mail address: a.rafidah@utm.my

P a g e | 74

TRACK 2

MICROBIAL-BASED PRODUCTS AND

BIOPROCESSING

P a g e | 75

Global Metabolic Shifting between Aerial and Submerged Mycelia Formed

in Liquid Surface Culture of Cordyceps militaris

Ahmad Suparmin1, Tatsuya Kato

2, Hiroyuki Takemoto

3, Enoch Y. Park*

1,2

1 Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka

University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan 2 Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of

Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-

8529, Japan 3 Instrumental Research Support Office, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology,

Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan

Abstract

The formation of its thick layer mycelia covering the surface of its culture medium may

create oxygen-limited condition under the thick mycelia. These layers consist of growing

mycelia into air (aerial mycelia) and bottomward growing mycelia into medium (submerged

mycelia). Our previous study has reported that cordycepin only excreted in the medium of

static culture which contact directly to the submerged mycelia. However, the different

metabolism in between aerial mycelia and submerged mycelia of Cordyceps militaris has not

elucidated until now. Here, RNA-seq was conducted at 5 d, 12 d, and 19 d to analyze the

difference of metabolism in between aerial and submerged mycelia, respectively. In the

submerged mycelia the metabolism was switched from the oxidative phosphorylation to

fermentation pathway and also upregulated the pentose phosphate pathway. The most

surprising aspect of the result is the upregulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase

(CCM_01504), delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (CCM_00935), coproporhyrinogen III

oxidase (CCM_07483) and cytochrome c oxidase 15 (CCM_05057) genes of heme

biosynthesis and the activation of iron acquisition pathway under hypoxic condition. Further,

GC/MS analysis revealed some amino acids, iron cluster biosynthesis and heme metabolites

in the culture medium. These results suggest that hypoxia induced ergosterol pathway, iron

acquisition and the iron cluster genes of cordycepin biosynthesis regulated by C6

transcription factor (CCM_07141). While, both of the mycelia contribute in the cordycepin

biosynthesis. Taken together, this analysis support previous research of the increasing

cordycepin production in liquid surface culture.

Keywords

Liquid static culture, aerial mycelia, submerged mycelia, hypoxia, Cordyceps militaris, heme

biosynthesis

*Corresponding author

Prof. Enoch. Y. Park

Address: Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green

Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan

Tel & Fax.: 054-238-4887

E-mail address: park.enoch@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 76

Medium Optimization for High Biomass Production of L. casei in Batch

Culture Using Different Methods.

J. Eyahmalay1,2,3

, V. Siwapiragam2, D. J Dailin

3, R.A. Malek

1, S. Ramli

1, H. El Enshahsy

1,3,4*

1Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai,

Johor Bharu, Malaysia. 2SBG Agrifeed SDN BHD, PLO369, Jalan Emas Dua, Kawasan Perindustrian Pasir Gudang,

81700, Pasir Gudang, Johor Bharu, Malaysia. 3School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bharu, Malaysia. 4City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria,

Egypt.

Abstract

Probiotic bacteria work miraculously to treat and prevent disease and hence promotes

physical and mental wellness as well due to the significant brain gut relationship. The main

challenge involved in probiotic commercialization is the bioprocessing limitation to produce

high cell density, especially with the cultivation Lactic acid Bacteria (LAB) which produces

lactic acid as its by-product. Synthesis of lactic acid by LAB inhibits the growth of the

bacterial cells, and in turn this disrupts the production of high cell density. In this work,

L.casei strain is used for high cell density cultivation of probiotic biomass. This paper

presents the findings for L.casei medium optimization in shake flask level. A simple media

with only 4 components: lactose, soybean meal, yeast extract and magnesium sulphate has

been identified to produce high cell density than the generic media for probiotic cultivation,

such as the MRS media. The selected media was optimized for high cell density cultivation

through One factor at a time (OFAT) method and then followed by the statistical method

using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). From the OFAT method, it was found that

100gl-1

of lactose, 60gl-1

of soy bean meal, 4gl-1

of yeast extract and 0.4gl-1

of magnesium

sulphate produced highest L.casei cell density which is 7.17gl-1

. The data from OFAT

experiments were further analyzed and optimized using RSM method. The RSM optimized

results were found to produce higher cell density which is 8.9 gl-1

with 76 gl-1

of lactose, 72

gl-1

of soy bean meal, 2 gl-1

yeast extract and 0.7gL-1 of magnesium sulphate.

Keywords

L.casei, lactic acid bacteria, medium optimization, response surface method, OFAT method

* Corresponding author

Prof. Dr. rer. Nat. Hesham Ali El-Enshasy

Address: N22, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310,

Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 75536465

Fax: +60 75569706

E-mail address: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 77

Critical Cultivation Parameters on Biomass Production of Spirulina sp.: A

Review

W. H. Lee1, A. Idris

1* Chee Loong Teo

2

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty

of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. 2Dreamforce Sdn. Bhd. 6-02, JalanPermas 9/3, Bandar Baru, Masai, Johor Malaysia

Abstract

Spirulina sp. is a cyanobacteria that is rich in phycocyanin, sulfated polysaccharide, and

polyunsaturated fatty acids and these bioactive compounds make the cells a common

supplement food and even pharmaceutical for human health. Since Spirulina sp. is a

photosynthetic microorganism, the fundamental requirements for the growth of Spirulina sp.

are sunlight, carbon dioxide and nutrient elements. For fundamental requirements, the review

discussed the light intensity, amount of carbon dioxide and critical nutrients such as nitrogen

sources that affect the growth significantly. Besides that, this review summarizes other key

cultivation parameters such as pH, temperature, inoculum concentration and aeration rate that

influence biomass productivity of Spirulina sp. However, most of the previous studies

involved one-factor per time evaluation that has excluded the effects of interaction between

the parameters. Hence, this review gives better insight on the impacts of each growth

parameter and their interactions which help in parameters selection on achieving high cell

mass cultivation.

Keywords

Spirulina sp., Cyanobacteria, Cultivation parameters, Biomass production

* Corresponding author

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Department of Bioprocess and Polymer

Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM),

81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75531988

Fax: +60 75588166

E-mail address: ani@cheme.utm.my

P a g e | 78

Enhanced Production of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant by Pseudomonas

aeruginosa Microorganism in Fed Batch Cultivation

Sh. Bazsefidpar1, B. Mokhtarani

1,* , H. Hajfarajollah

1 and R. Panahi

1

1Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186,

Tehran, Iran,

Abstract

Biosurfactant (BSs) are biological surface active agents which have a hydrophobic chain as a

tail and a hydrophilic group as a head. Rhamnolipids BSs are a glycolipid BSs which contain

a hydrophilic group (L-rhamnose molecule) and a hydrophobic group made up fatty acid.

Rhamnolipids can be widely used in many applications such as enhance oil recovery (EOR),

oil tank cleaning, pharmaceutical and cosmetic and environmental remediation. In this

research a new strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa HK02 was isolated from municipal landfill

site for rhamnolipid production. The carbon source for BS production was sunflower oil. Full

factorial experimental design was applied for optimization of temperature, pH and speed

agitation of shaker incubator. The results of experiments was identified that the sun flower oil

as a carbon source, magnesium sulfate, sodium nitrate and di- hydrogen potassium phosphate

have highest effect on BS productivity. The rhamnolipid production was reached to 30 g/l at

optimum condition of media culture. In order to scale up the rhamnolipid production, the

experiments were performed into the 5 lit. Fed-batch operation has been applied for further

productivity improvement. The results indicated the fed batch process with the highest

concentration of oxygen is produced the maximum amount of rhamnolipid. This strategy

increases the rhamnolipid production to more than 200 g/l after 260 hr. The results indicated

that the rhamnolipid has a high performance under different condition and it may be a good

substitute of synthetic surfactant.

Keywords

Fermentation, Biosurfactant, Rhamnolipid, Fed batch

* Presenting author

Dr Babak Mokhtarani

Address: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-

186, Tehran,Iran

Tel: +98-2144787770

Fax: +98-2144787780

E-mail address: mokhtaranib@ccerci.ac.ir

P a g e | 79

Fermentation Variables in the Cultivation of Lactobacillus sp. and

Propionibacterium sp.

Siti Marsilawati Mohamed Esivan1, *

, Roslina Rashid1, Nor Athirah Zaharudin

1 and Mariam

Mohamad2

1School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sg. Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai

Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the effects of fermentation variables to

the properties of probiotics during cultivation and their survival ability. This article will be

focusing on two different species, a commonly used as probiotics, Lactobacillus sp., and

another one is recently recognized as probiotics microorganisms, Propionibacterium sp. The

fermentation variables discussed in this article are incubation period, carbon and nitrogen

source, incubation temperature, culture pH, inoculum size and aeration condition. The

discussions are focusing on how these variables affecting the growth and the viability of

probiotics and their properties such as the survival ability during stress condition and during

storage, the adhesion ability and the antimicrobial activity. The variables such as incubation

period was found affecting the growth, metabolite expression and the ability of the species to

endure stress condition. The culture pH will affect the duration of lag phase and the nutrient

transportation in cell, while using high inoculum concentration does not necessarily produced

more viable cell at the end of fermentation. This summary will be useful as a means of

preliminary consideration in cultivation of next generation of probiotics.

Keywords

Probiotics, Lactobacillus sp., Propionibacterium sp., variables, fermentation

* Presenting author

Siti Marsilawati binti Mohamed Esivan

Address: School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 177979815

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: ihya1207@gmail.com

P a g e | 80

Optimization on Medium Composition For Cell Mass Production Of

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

A. N. Kepli1, D. J. Dailin

1,2, R. A. Malek

1, S. Ramli

1, O. M. Leng

4 and H. A. El-Enshasy

1,2,3*

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia 2Jabatan Kejuruteraan Bioproses Dan Polimer Fakulti Kejuruteraan Kimia Dan

Kejuruteraan Tenaga Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 3City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (CSAT), New Burg Al Arab

Alexandria, Egypt. 4Harita Go Green Sdn Bhd, 75450 Ayer Keroh, Melaka, Malaysia.

Abstract

Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the well-known probiotics that beneficial to human

intestine which improve and balance the intestinal microflora. However, L. acidophilus

naturally required complex nutrition to enhance the cell growth. This current study aim to

investigate the suitable medium to support L. acidophilus growth with examined the

improvement using One-Factor-At-A-Time (OFAT) method and Respond Surface

Methodology (RSM). Composition like glucose, yeast extract and ammonium citrate was the

major factor affecting the cell growth and act as a positive factor. The result indicate that

optimized medium: glucose - 30 g L-1

, yeast extract – 30 g L-1

, ammonium citrate – 4 g L-1

,

citric acid – 0.5 g L-1

, KH2PO4- 1.5 g L-1

, MgSO.7H2O – 0.4 g L-1

, MnSO.H2O- 0.05 g L-1

,

CH3COONa – 1 g L-1

, and Tween-80 – 1 g L-1

give the maximum cell count. Statistical

method give the better cell count compare with OFAT with 5.58 g L-1

and 4.6 g L-1

,

respectively. Although RSM resulted in the better growth medium composition, both

experiments improved the veracity of the optimization on medium composition for L.

acidophilus compared with previous studies.

Keywords

L. acidophilus, medium, OFAT, RSM and Cell Mass

* Corresponding author

Prof. Dr. rer. Nat. Hesham Ali El-Enshasy

Address: N22, Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 07-5531573

Fax: +60 07-5569706

E-mail address: hesham@utm.my

P a g e | 81

The Effect of Temperature Variation on the Growth of Leptolyngbya

(Cyanobacteria) HS-16 and HS-36 to Biomass Weight in BG-11 Medium

Nining Betawati Prihantini1, Zahra Dianing Pertiwi

1, Ratna Yuniati

1,

Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal1,2

1

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas

Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia 2 Center of Excellence for Indigenous Biological Resources-Genome Studies (CoE IBRGS),

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424,

Indonesia

Abstract

In the utilization of cyanobacteria, a clear physiological characterization of the cyanobacteria

is required. Temperature is one of the major factor affecting the growth of cyanobacteria.

This study is expected to provide information on the temperature of growth ability of

Leptolyngbya HS-16 and HS-36, so that storage conditions of culture space in subsequent

research can be arranged to prevent these strains from dying or not growing well. The growth

differences between cyanobacteria strains Leptolyngbya HS-16 and Leptolyngbya HS-36

which were incubated in 20 oC, 35

oC, and 50

oC had been studied. Those strains were

isolated from Gunung Pancar (Leptolyngbya HS-16) and Maribaya (Leptolyngbya HS-36) hot

springs which located in West Java, Indonesia. The water temperature of habitat was 69 oC

(Gunung Pancar) and 42 oC (Maribaya). Those strains were grown in batch culture for 21

days in BG-11 medium. This research aim to determine the best growth temperature of

Leptolyngbya HS-16 and Leptolyngbya HS-36 based on the biomass weight of chlorophyll

content. The result showed that the biomass weight and chlorophyll content in 35 oC of

Leptolyngbya HS-16 and Leptolyngbya HS-36 were the highest. Both Leptolyngbia were

likely thermotolerant cyanobacteria and had optimum cultured temperature 35 oC. There was

no correlation between biomass weight and chlorophyll of Leptolyngbya HS-16 and

Leptolyngbya HS-36.

Keywords

Leptolyngbya, cyanobacteria, biomass weight, hot spring, temperature

* Presenting author

Dr Nining Betawati Prihantini

Address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas

Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia

Tel: +62 812-9777-6638

E-mail address: nining.prihantini@gmail.com

P a g e | 82

Acetic Acid Fermentation of Kuini (Mangifera odorata) and Its Potential

Substrate for Human Health

*1Hazniza Adnan,

2Mohd Shukri Mat Ali,

1Musaalbakri Abdul Manan,

3Hadijah Hassan,

2Mohd Norfaizal Ghazali,

2Zul Helmey Mohamad Sabdin and

1Nur Syafiqah Nadhra Ramli

1

Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre

2Gene Bank and Seed Centre,

3Science Food Technology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-

UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor.

Abstract

The kuini (Mangifera odorata) fruit has a strong scent, attractive orange-yellow colour of

flesh and sweet sour taste. Kuini parts have been used in folk medicine, indicated that kuini

contains prophylactic measures against certain illness and rich of beneficial constituents. In

this study kuini underwent acetic acid fermentation using Gluconacetobacter sp. and the

changes during fermentation are then observed. The objectives are (1) to identify the potential

of kuini as substrate to Gluconacetobacter sp. and (2) to evaluate the physicochemical and

nutritional changes during fermentation process. Results on physicochemical analyses

indicated that only small amount of kuini is able to create a favourable environment for the

growth of Gluconacetobacter sp. bacteria. Fermentation of kuini flesh had changed the

acidity and affects the growth rate of Gluconacetobacter sp. and its biocellulose yield. Effect

of sucrose showed that acidity and growth rate of Gluconacetobacter sp increased with

increase of sucrose content however depressed the yield of biocellulose. The increase in

sucrose content was found concurrently enhanced the total phenolic content and antioxidant

activity during the fermentation. In conclusion, acetic acid fermentation able to change the

physicochemical and nutritional properties of kuini flesh into a health beneficial fermented

kuini produced with high antioxidant activity. The fermented kuini produce is therefore a

potential substrate to be studied for human health application. Antimicrobial activity of

compounds with bioactive property against certain bacteria causing health-illness is also

interested to be identified in near future.

Keywords

Mangifera odorata, Gluconacetobacter sp., fermentation, physicochemical, total phenolic

and antioxidant

* Corresponding author

Datin Dr Hazniza Adnan

Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Programme

Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre

MARDI Headquarters

Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang,

Selangor, MALAYSIA

Tel: +60 389536117

Fax: +60 389536154

E-mail address: hazniza@mardi.gov.my

P a g e | 83

Isolation and identification studies on potential xylanase enzyme producing

Trichoderma sp from local soil

Kugan Kumar Ambehabati1, Siti Zulaiha Hanapi

1, Ong Mei Leng

2 , Hesham Ali El-

Enshasy1,3,4*

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor

Bahru, 2 Harita Go Green Sdn Bhd, 75450 Ayer Keroh Melaka.

3School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. 4City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria,

Egypt.

Abstract

Trichoderma is one of the few fungus species that has been found to be potentially rich in

producing xylanase enzyme. Isolating the best potential fungus from our local soil that can

produce this enzyme in high level is something that is difficult to be carried out due to the

unavailability of proper and efficient submerged medium for the locally isolated fungus

species. In order to develop an efficient submerged medium for an excellent xylanase enzyme

production, the present study will determine the best method of transferring the grown

mycelium of Trichoderma from the petri plate into to the shake flask. There are two different

methods will be used which are scrapping and disk method. Following that, media screening

will be carried out using one factor at a time (OFAT) method where few different media

compositions will be tested to determine the type of media that shows the efficient and high

xylanase enzyme production. As the last part of this preliminary study, different carbon

source will be used to detect the carbon source that allow for efficient enzyme production.

Scrapping was used as the best method of transferring the grown mycelium from the petri

plates into the shake flask. Media type 3 was selected as the best media which shows the

xylanase enzyme activity level up to 215.77g/l and Birchwood xylan was selected to be used

as best carbon source as it shows the enzyme activity level up to 810.5g/l. In conclusion the

Trichoderma fungus can be isolated from our local soil and the best submerged medium as

well as best carbon source can be determined for the efficient xylanase enzyme production.

Keywords

Trichoderma, Xylanase, Scrapping, Birchwood xylan

* Corresponding author

Prof Dr rer Nat Hesham Ali El-Enshasy

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310

Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532595

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 84

Hypoglycemic Effect of Coprinus comatus Ethanol Extract on Rattus

norvegicus Rats Diabetes Model

Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas1*

, Hernayanti1, Nuraeni Ekowati

1, Dalia Sukmawati

2, Hening

Widianti1

1Biology Faculty, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.

2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri

Jakarta, Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Abstract

Coprinus comatus has potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities, so this fungus has

the potential as a drug for diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetes mellitus treatment requires a long

time tend to relatively high cost of medical treatment and the side effects of synthetic drugs

posed if long-term use. This situation be one consideration to the people to use traditional

medicine. The ideal therapy for diabetes mellitus should be a drug that not only has

antihyperglycemic effects, but also can improve or protect the antioxidant defense system.

Coprinus comatus known contains ergothioneine, the thiol components with antioxidant

abilities. This study aimed to analyze the changes of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin,

and blood plasma insulin levels, as well as knowing the dose of ethanol extract of C. comatus

most effective in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) model of alloxan-induced diabetes

mellitus. The method used in this study is true experiment with post test only approach with

control group design using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Data were analyzed

using SPSS software. Data presented in tables or graphs as univariate analysis.

The results showed that C. comatus ethanol extract was able to reduce blood glucose levels

and HbA1c and increase blood plasma insulin levels. The dose of 500 mg / kgBB is an

effective dose with a percentage of decreased blood glucose levels of 12.33%, HbA1c levels

of 6.35% and plasma insulin levels reaching 10.57%. The high insulin concentration above

normal indicates hyperinsulinemia.

Keywords

Coprinus comatus, hypoglycemic, diabetes

*Corresponding author

Dr Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas

Address: Biology Faculty, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Central Java,

Indonesia

Tel: +62-812-270-2826

E-mail address: nuniek165@yahoo.com

P a g e | 85

TRACK 3

MOLECULAR ENGINEERING

P a g e | 86

Development of Prototype Typhoid Detection in Human With

Antigen Capture Approach

Muktiningsih Nurjayadi1*

, Fera Kurnia Dewi1, Irma Ratna Kartika

1, Umar Hasan

1, Ida

Setianingsih1, Nurasiah

1, Delia Ayu Wiguna

1, Fernita Puspasari

2, Asri Sulfianti

3, Kurnia

Agustini3

1Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Science Faculty, Universitas Negeri Jakarta

K.H. Hasyim Asj’ari Building the 6 Floor, Rawamangun Jakarta Timur 13220, Jakarta,

Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, ITB

Jl. Ganesa No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 3LAPTIAB BPPT Gedung 611, Kawasan Puspitek, Tangerang Selatan15314, Indonesia

Abstract

Typhoid fever is a world health problem, recorded annually in developing countries of more

than 200,000 people died. The development of new drug discovery and detection methods for

typhoid is still continuing. In previous research has successfully expressed the Fim-C-S typhi

recombinant protein measuring 31 Kilo Dalton (KDa). It was also reported that the

recombinant protein Fim-C-S. typhi could induce the occurrence of antibodies well. This

study aims to develop the potential of anti-Fim-C-S. typhi antibodies as a detection tool. The

sensitivity evaluation by western immunoblotting analysis indicating anti-Fim-C-S. typhi

antibodies can significantly recognize its antigen at a minimum level of 0.125 micrograms.

The specificity evaluation of anti-FimC S. typhi antibodies against S. typhi bacteria extract

protein showed that anti-Fim-C antibodies could recognize S. typhi extract protein at ± 29

KDa and ± 60 kDa. In addition, anti-Fim-C antibody information did not recognize healthy

blood extract proteins. Simulation in healthy blood samples containing bacterial antigen S.

typhi and recombinant antigen Fim-C S. typhi produce bands of 29 kDa, 31 kDa and 60 kDa.

It can be concluded that anti-Fim-C-S. typhi antibodies can be made prototype detection tool.

The results from this study are expected to provide a foundation to the development of

detection methods of S. typhi that are sensitive, specific, safe and simple.

Keywords

Anti-Fim-C-S. typhi antibodies, prototype detection tool, typhoid disease

* Corresponding author

Dr Muktiningsih Nurjayadi

Address: Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Science Faculty, 13220, Jakarta Timur,

Indonesia

Tel: 081517249667

Fax: 021 4894909

E-mail address: muktiningsih@unj.ac.id

P a g e | 87

Adaptation of Escherichia coli to growth-repression caused by

Pseudomonas sp. LAB-08

Masahiro Honjo1, Kenshi Suzuki

1, Fatma Azwani

2, Yosuke Tashiro

3, and Hiroyuki

Futamata4*

1Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku

Jyohoku 3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561 2Laboratory of Food crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia,

Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, fatma.hjaziz@yahoo.com

3Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University Naka-ku Jyohoku 3-5-1,

Hamamatsu, 432-8561 4Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University Naka-ku Jyohoku

3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561

Abstract

It is important for manipulation of microbial ecosystems to understand microbial interactions.

Pseudomonas sp. LAB-08, one of general environmental microbes, produces the growth-

repressing compound (GRC). The growth of Escherichia coli was repressed temporary and

then recovered. The objective of this study is to elucidate the adapting mechanism to GRC of

E. coli and to find the pathway inhibited by GRC. The adapting processes were analyzed

using KEIO collection of E. coli BW25113 single-gene deletion mutants on glucose as sole

carbon and energy source. Of 3285 mutants in KEIO collection, 11 mutants exhibited

tolerance to the repressing effects, and mutants were categorized into three groups; deletions

of transporters enzyme which involved in pentose phosphate pathway, and unknown

functions. Although the growth of wild type E. coli was recovered after growth repression in

the presence of glucose but not recovered in ammonium acetate as sole carbon source. The

transcriptional level of genes encoding enzymes in pentose phosphate and glycolysis

pathways was investigated using specific sets of primers. The transcriptional level of some

genes encoding enzymes in pentose phosphate pathway was recovered in adapted cells but

not in glycolysis pathway. It is suggested that E coli would recover the growth using pentose

phosphate pathway and that GRC would inhibit a part of glycolysis pathway

Keywords

Interspecies interaction, Bacterial growth, Adaptation, Metabolism

* Corresponding author

Prof Hiroyuki Futamata

Address: Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku

Jyohoku 3-5-1, 432-8561, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan

Tel: +81 0534781178

Fax: +81 0534760095

E-mail address: futamata.hiroyuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 88

Anti-Melanogenic Activity of Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi)

extract via Modulating Tyrosinase Expression and Degradation

R. Adam1, F. Ramli

1, S. P. M. Bohari

2, H. H. A. El-Enshasy

3 and M. A. Hamid

3*

1Faculty of Chemical and Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru,

Johor, Malaysia 2Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 3Instititute Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM

Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi) has been widely used for treating liver disorders,

common cold and upper respiratory tract infection. This study aimed to identify anti-

melanogenic efficacy of A. paniculata since it has been known to have strong anti-

inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Anti-melanogenic effect of A. paniculata extract was

analyzed using cultured B16F1 melanoma cells. Cytotoxicity of the extract was measured

using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and

determined the highest concentration of the extract that did not affect cell viability as 25

µg/ml. α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis was significantly inhibited with dose-dependent

manner by treatment of A. paniculata leave extract, which was comparable to that of kojic

acid and arbutin. The extract directly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity and intracellular

tyrosinase activity of B16F1 as well. The inhibition of intracellular tyrosinase activity was

found to be exerted at the protein expression level when analyzed by immunoblot and

tyrosinase zymography. The expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor

(MITF) and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2) were also reduced by the A. paniculata

extract. In summary, A. paniculata extract has strong anti-melanogenic activity that is exerted

by direct inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme activity and by down-regulation of the expression

of genes involved in the melanogenesis pathways. These results strongly suggest that A.

paniculata extract has potential potent candidate for regulation of melanogenesis.

Keywords

Andrographis paniculata, Melanogenesis, Tyrosinase, MITF, TRP-2

* Corresponding author

Dr Mariani Abdul Hamid

Address: Instititute Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310

UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Office : +(6) 07-5531631

: +(6) 012-6500076

Fax : +(6) 07-5569706

E-mail address: mariani@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 89

Expression of Neospora caninum Profilin and Recognition to Antigen-

Specific Responses, Toll like Receptor 11 Ligand

Hamizah Suhaimi1, Rikito Hiramatsu

2, Jian Xu

3, Tatsuya Kato

1,2,3, Enoch Y. Park

1,2,3

1 Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and

Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. 2Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate

School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku,

Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan. 3Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka

University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.

Abstract

Profilin are the binding protein that are located at the apical end of the tachyzoite parasite and

responsible for the regulation of the actin polymerization before invasion to the host cells.

Actin polymerization occurs by exchanging ADP to ATP on monomeric actin and delivering

it to the growing filament barbed end. In order to allow invasion of the intracellular protozoa

parasite to the host cell, Neospora caninum and other apicomplexan parasites rely on changes

in the actin cytoskeleton especially at its apical end. Although several studies have indicated

that Toxoplasma gondii profilin capable to invade the host cell, little attention has been paid

to the Neospora caninum profilin. In the current study, we developed the expression of the

Neospora caninum profilin (NcPROF-GP64TM) (GenBank accession no. BK006901.1) in

Bm5 cells and silkworm larvae and analyzed the recognition to its specific receptor binding

ligand, mouse Toll like Receptor 11(mTLR11). Hence, NcPROF-GP64TM was successfully

expressed in Bm5 cells and also hemolymph and fat body of silkworm larvae. This indicated

that NcPROF-GP64TM was secreted extracellularly even though this fusion protein has its

transmembrane domain. NcPROF-GP64TM was purified from hemolymph using anti-PA tag

affinity chromatography. Single bands were observed in SDS-PAGE after its purification and

the purified NcPROF-GP64TM shows positive binding with the mTLR11. The result

suggests that, the expressed and purified NcPROF-GP64TM through silkworm larvae is

functional as Profilin and can be used as innate immune protein vaccine candidate for

Neospora caninum.

Keywords

Neosporosis, Silkworm expression system, Neospora caninum profilin (NcPROF-GP64TM),

Mouse Toll like Receptor 11 (mTLR11).

* Corresponding author

Prof Enoch Y. Park

Address: Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology,

Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.

Tel (Fax): +81-54-238-4887

E-mail address: park.enoch@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 90

Physiological and Electrochemical Analyses of Extracellular Electron

Transfer in Desulfovibrio sp. strain HK-II

Shota Ando1, Yuki Kudo

1, Yosuke Tashiro

2, and Hiroyuki Futamata

3*

1Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku

Jyohoku 3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561 2Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University Naka-ku Jyohoku 3-5-1,

Hamamatsu, 432-8561 3Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University Naka-ku Jyohoku

3-5-1, Hamamatsu, 432-8561

Abstract

Extracellular electron transfer (EET) has recently received increased attention because of

novel respiration mechanism of bacteria. Furthermore, EET is one of important determinants

for efficiety electricity generation from microbial fuel cells (MFC). Sulfate-reducing

bacterium, Desulfovibrio sp, HK-II, was isolated from biofilm on the anode surface of an

MFC. Because strain HK-II produced a rechargeable bio-mineral, it was investigated whether

strain HK-II has EET mechanism as survival strategy. Strain HK-II incubated into a MFC

with lactate as sole electron donor produced electricity, demonstrating that strain HK-II had

EET mechanism. Strain HK-II converts lactate to acetate under sulfate-reducing conditions,

whereas acetate was less accumulated under MFC conditions. It was indicated that strain HK-

II changed dramatically metabolic pathway under EET conditions. Deduced homologous

genes encoding outer membrane c-type cytochromes (c-Cyts) were selected from genomic

information of strain HK-II and were compared with c-Cyts of Geobacter sulfurreducens

PCA and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 that have analyzed well for EET mechanism. The c-

Cyts of strain HK-II did not share 100% identity to those of strains PCA and MR-1 but were

seemed to be different types of c-Cyts. Differential pulse voltammetry analyses showed

specific peaks corresponding to anode potentials, suggesting that the EET mechanism of

strain HK-II was performed via a specific compound corresponding to anode potentials.

These results suggested that strain HK-II enables to exhibit EET mechanism as survival

strategy with dramatic change of metabolic pathway.

Keywords

extracellular electron transfer, sulfate-reducing bacteria, microbial fuel cell

* Corresponding author

Prof Hiroyuki Futamata

Address: Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku

Jyohoku 3-5-1, 432-8561, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan

Tel: +81 534671178

Fax: +81 534760095

E-mail address: futamata.hiroyuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 91

DFT Calculations of Structure-Antioxidant Activity of Selected Phenolic

Acids and Flavanoids Found in Malaysian Honey

Rosmahaida Jamaludin1*

, Siti Fatimah Zaharah Mustafa 2

, Hasmerya Maarof2

and Nurazean

Maarop3

1*

Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan

Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor

Bahru,Johor, Malaysia 3Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan

Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract

Phenolic acids and flavonoids exist naturally in Malaysian honey and contribute significantly

to antioxidant contents. Antioxidants plays an important role in scavenging free radicals and

prevent health deterioration. The phenolic acids such as gallic, caffeic, syringic and

hydroxybenzoic acids and flavonoids like naringenin, apigenin, kaempferol, catechin and

luteolin have been identified in Malaysian honey of tualang, gelam and borneo type using

high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In order to investigate the structure-

antioxidant activity relationships of these phenolic compounds and the underlying action

mechanisms, density functional theory (DFT) calculation at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) levels of

theory was performed. In this work, optimisation of the compounds chemical structure and

radical forms in gas-phase has been calculated with computation of bond dissociation

enthalpy (BDE) as antioxidant descriptors. It was found that, abstraction of H at different OH

groups in the structure of the compound led to a different scavenging free radicals activities

thus contribute to the overall variation in the antioxidant properties.

Keywords

honey, phenolic acid, flavanoid, density functional theory, structure-antioxidant activity

* Corresponding author

Dr Rosmahaida Jamaludin

Address: Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan

Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Tel: +603-2203 1348

E-mail address: rosma.kl@utm.my

P a g e | 92

Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives for

Novel HIV-1 Entry Inhibitor

R. Ide1, R. Takeuchi

1, S. Harada

2, and T. Narumi

3*

1 Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, 2 National Institute of Infectious Diseases, AIDS Research Center, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku,

Tokyo 462-8640, 3 Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan,

Abstract

The betulinic acid derivatives IC9564 and RPR103611 are potent anti-HIV compounds that

can inhibit HIV-1 entry and the target for the anti-HIV action of those compounds is thought to

be the HIV-1 envelope protein gp41. Although these betulinic acid derivatives show potent

anti-HIV activity against various HIV-1 strains (IC50 = 0.17~0.20 M), high cytotoxicity

(CC50 = 8.9 ~ 17 M) is one of the drawbacks of these compounds. Recently, we have

identified the oleanoic acid derivative OKS14-017, in which the carbonyl group was

introduced at the 12 position of the C ring of OA structure, which showed comparable anti-

HIV activity (IC50 = 0.39 M) and much lower cytotoxicity (CC50 = 128 M) than IC9564.

Based on the docking study of OKS14-017, we envisioned that an enhancement of the

interaction of OKS compounds with residues associated with the hydrophobic amino acids in

gp41 would lead to the increase of their potency. Thus, in this study, new series of OA

derivatives with the indole moiety were synthesized to increase binding affinity for gp41.

Details of the design and synthesis of the OA compounds, bioevalulation, and the results of in

vitro tolerance induction of OKS compounds will be presented. In addition, several molecules

complexed with a series of cyclodextrins were also synthesized and their biological activity

evaluated.

Keywords

HIV-1 entry inhibitor, SAR study, oleanoic acid, docking study

* Corresponding author

Assoc Prof Tetsuo Narumi

Address: Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku

3-5-1, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan

Tel: +81 534781198

Fax: +81 534781198

E-mail address: narumi.tetsuo@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 93

Development of G-Quadruplex Binding Peptidomimetics by Amide-to-

Alkene Isosteric Switch Strategy

Y. Kato1, T. Oyoshi

2, and T. Narumi

3*

1 Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, kato.yuna.17@shizuoka.ac.jp 2 Department of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529,

Japan, oyoshi.takanori@shizuoka.ac.jp 3 Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, narumi.tetsuo@shizuoka.ac.jp

Abstract

Translocated in liposarcoma (TLS), also called FUS, is a G-quadruplex (G4) telomere-

binding protein. Arg-Gly-Gly3 (RGG3) domain of TLS/FUS comprises RGG repeats with

Pro- and Arg-rich regions to form a stable -spiral structure with recurring -turn motifs, and

can show the G4 binding abilities by itself. However, the RGG repeat region without the

stabilizing effects of Pro- and Arg-rich regions cannot form a -spiral structure, resulting to

the loss of the G4 binding abilities. As part of our research program aimed at the

development of new peptidomimetics, we have explored the peptide bond mimicry of

alkenes, and identified that (Z)-chloroalkene moiety shows better structural mimicry of trans-

peptide bond than other alkenes in a -turn motif. To develop G4 binding peptides for drug

discovery, we have applied the amide-to-alkene isosteric switch strategy to the Gly-Gly

peptide bond(s) of the fragment of the RGG repeat region to stabilize secondary structure(s)

of RGG peptides. Our study revealed that although the wild-type 14-mer peptide shows no

G4-binding ability, one of the synthesized peptidomimetics with a Gly-Gly-type CADI shows

G4-binding ability. These results show the utility of the amide-to-chloroalkene isosteric

switching. In this symposium, we will present the design of peptidomimetics with Gly-Gly-

type isostere(s), details of the synthesis and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay will be

reported.

Keywords

G-quadruplex (G4) telomere-binding protein, chloroalkene, peptidomimetic, isosteric switch

strategy

* Corresponding author

Assoc Prof Tetsuo Narumi

Address: Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Johoku

3-5-1, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan

Tel: +81 534781198

Fax: +81 534781198

E-mail address: narumi.tetsuo@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 94

TRACK 4

AGRI-BIOTECHNOLOGY

P a g e | 95

The Influence of Different Pre-treatment on Capsicum annum Dehydration

Time, Physicochemical Properties and Capsaicin Content using Vacuum

Tray Dryer

Nur Amalina Mohd Ropi1, Zulaikha Sarobo

1, Siti Nor Azlina Abd Rashid

1, Nur Fashya

Musa1, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

1*, Mohammad Azzuan Rosli

1, Nor Zalina Othman

1,

Zaheda Mohamad Azam1, Mohd Farid Ismail

1

1

Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess (ICA), UTM Pagoh Research

Center, 86400 Pagoh, MALAYSIA (mroji@ibd.utm.my)

Abstract

One of the local produced chili name Chili Kulai or Capsicum annuum are known to have

distinct spicy taste by causing heat sensation or burning when consumed. The pungency taste

and the heat is caused by the presence of capsaicinoids compounds. These compound is heat

sensitive thus many advanced drying method has been utilized by manufacturer to shorten the

drying time and preserved its phytochemical by pretreatment process. Vacuum tray dryer is

used to dry chili by creating a vacuum condition to decrease the pressure below the vapor

pressure of the water. This method can improve the quality by preserving its nutritional value

and phytochemical compounds. The aims of this study was evaluate the effectiveness of

different pretreatment such as blanching, salt and citric acid on the quality of dried chili. To

determine the quality of the produced chili, moisture content was determined using oven

method, the capsaicin content was obtained by HPLC and color was determined using CIE

colorimeter. Blanching was found to significantly affect the drying process resulting in

lowest moisture content. The capsaicin content in blanched chili was also the highest 79

mg/100g compared to other pretreatment. However, blanching affect the color of the dried

chili by giving it darker color. Citric acid was found to preserve the natural bright red color of

dried chili. Therefore, blanching helps in reducing moisture content of the dried chili and

preserving its capsaicin content and can be used by the manufacturer for producing good

quality dried chili.

Keywords

Chili Kulai, vacuum tray dryer, moisture content, capsaicin, color.

* Corresponding author

Prof Dr Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

Address: Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess (ICA), UTM Pagoh

Research Center, 86400 Pagoh, Malaysia

Tel: +606 9742801

Fax: +606 9742996/98

E-mail address : mroji@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 96

Influences of Integrated use of Soil Enhancer on the Soil Enzymatic

Activities in Polyculture Cropping System

Suhir Sulaiman1, Pei Ying Ong

1*, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

1, Hajar Aminah A.Karim

1,

Zulaikha Sarobo1

1

Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess (ICA), UTM Pagoh Research

Center, 86400 Pagoh, MALAYSIA (o.peiying@utm.my)

Abstract

Polyculture cropping system is a practice of growing three or more mixed crops

simultaneously in a field. It have also emerged as one of the high promising cropping system

for better utilization of the land, enhanced the nutrients uptake and sustains yields at higher

level. Integrating soil enhancers not only enables the farming system to better adjust to the

effects of climate change but also offers a chance for restoring soil fertility on a sustained

basis. However, little is known about persistence influences of inorganic, organic soil

enhancer or beneficial microorganism or combination both of them especially in on-field

polyculture cropping system (e.g: okra-dwarf bean-water spinach (kangkung)). The

performance and interaction between the polyculture cropping system, enzymatic activities

and nutrients uptake of plant and soil that have give rise to soil fertility is remains a major

challenge up-to-date. This study was carried out and aims to investigate the soil

physiochemical properties, potential soil enzymatic activities and the corresponding crops

yields from the growing till harvest period using different soil enhancer application in

polyculture cropping system. Each sample with potential activities of secreted soil enzymes

including urease, phosphatase, arylsulphatase, and dehydrogenase that involved in mobilizing

nutrients cycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur (N, P, S) and soil organic matter were also

studied.

Keywords

Soil Enhancer, Soil Enzymatic Activities, Plant Growth, Polyculture Cropping System

* Corresponding author

Dr Pei Ying Ong

Address: Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess (ICA), UTM Pagoh

Research Center, 86400 Pagoh, MALAYSIA

Tel (O) : +606 9742826

Tel (Fax) : +606 9742996/98

Email : o.peiying@utm.my

P a g e | 97

Paenibacillus polymyxa bioactive compounds for human wellness

Nur Sazwani Daud1, Abd Rahman Jabir Mohd Din

1, Mohamad Azzuan Rosli

1, Zaheda

Mohamad Azam1

, *Nor Zalina Othman

1, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

1

Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess (ICA), UTM Pagoh Research

Center, Pagoh Education Hub, 84600 Pagoh, Malaysia.

Abstract

Paenibacillus polymyxa (formerly Bacillus polymyxa) is categorized as an endospore-forming

bacterium and Gram-positive bacteria, which have innate beneficial properties in modern

biotechnology application. However, commercially application of P. polymyxa has been

ignored because of its unavailability in the commercial field due to application focusing only

as functional microbial species in production of bioorganic fertilizers since most reported

on P. polymyxa has shown promising results on bioconversion of agricultural waste into

valuable and high demand products. This could reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers, which

is harmful to people or other animals and polluted our ecosystem. P. polymyxa have been

gaining momentum over the last couple of years and the recent discovery in microbial

industrial of this bacterium is the production bioactive compounds

like exopolysaccharides (EPS) reported as non-toxic, biodegradable, environmental friendly

and offers various applications in medicine,food industries and as biocontrol agents. Hence,

P. polymyxa having a wide range of antibacterial metabolites and antifungal compounds,

inform of volatile organic compouds, peptides and hydrolytic enzymes could be

commercially marketed as reliable as plant biocontrol agents and pharmaceutical application.

Therefore, many researchers have extensively reviewed and focused their attention on the

potential benefits of P. polymyxa exhibits multiple biological functions that cannot be ignored

for human health and wellness.

Keywords

Paenibacillus polymyxa, antimicrobial agents, exopolysaccharide, biocontrol, enzymes

* Corresponding author

Dr Nor Zalina Othman

Address: Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess (ICA), UTM Pagoh

Research Center, Pagoh Education Hub, 84600 Pagoh, Malaysia

Tel: +60 69742821

E-mail address: norzalina@utm.my

P a g e | 98

Evaluation of Physicochemical Profiles of Trigona sp. from various districts

of Johor

Nur Fatiha Norhisham1, Harisun Ya’akob

1,2*, and Muna Mohamed

1,2

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Johor as one of the states of Malaysia is a good geographic location for meliponiculture

activity. In this study, ten samples of stingless bee honey from each regions of Johor and one

sample obtained from Institute Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

Skudai were analyzed for the physicochemical properties of stingless bee honey. The

physicochemical analyses were including moisture, total soluble solids, ash, pH, free acidity,

conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, protein, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fibre,

total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity.

Trigona sp. sample from Kluang have the highest value of phenolic content (778.23 ± 2.011

mg GAE/100 g) while Trigona sp. sample from Mersing have the highest value of flavonoid

content (194.98 ± 0.350 mg RE/100 g). Among eleven samples tested for radical scavenging

activity, Trigona sp. sample from Kota Tinggi have the highest scavenging activity (23.37 ±

0.36 mg/ml), but the value of HMF content exceeded the limit of Malaysian standard for

stingless bee honey. All parameters were significantly different (p < 0.01) except for ash.

This study showed a strong correlation between moisture and acidity (r = 0.601). However,

low correlation was obtained between total phenolic content and total flavonoid content with

DPPH radical scavenging activity (r = -0.266, 0.044). The data obtained from this study

could help for a better subsequent of Malaysian stingless bee honey industry.

Keywords

Trigona sp., honey, physicochemical, hydroxymethylfurfural, antioxidant, DPPH

* Corresponding author

Dr. Harisun Ya’akob

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532502

E-mail address: harisun@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 99

Potential of Vinegar Production from Pineapple Waste: A Review

A. Idris1*

, N. H. Zaharudin1

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty

of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Pineapple is one of the most important tropical fruits in the world as it can be consumed as

fresh fruit or processed into various products for example canned fruits, jam, pastry and juice.

However, the post-harvest processing of pineapple fruits yields a massive amount of solid

waste in the form of residual flesh, core, peel (outer skin), crown and stem. These wastes

have been identified to have potential as low-cost raw material for conversion into various

useful by-products. In addition, pineapple waste contains high amount of sugar and acid

which make it suitable as raw material for production of natural vinegar. Natural vinegar, a

dilute form of acetic acid, is produced from biological fermentation of sugary or starchy

materials such as apples, grapes and grains. However, the vinegars produced from these raw

materials are quite expensive compared to the widely used synthetic vinegar. Therefore, this

paper intents to describe the potential of vinegar production from pineapple waste as an

alternative to synthetic vinegar.

Keywords

Pineapple waste, biological fermentation, natural vinegar, synthetic vinegar

*Corresponding author

Prof Ir Dr Ani Binti Idris

Address: Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Tel: +60 75535603

Fax: +60 75581463

E-mail address: aniidris@utm.my

P a g e | 100

Kinetic Analysis of Biohydrogen Formation from Pineapple Residues using

Immobilized Hydrogen-producing Bacteria on Activated Carbon Sponge

Nur Kamilah Abd Jalil1, Umi Aisah Asli*

2,3, Haslenda Hashim

1,4, Johari Kamaruddin

1,2, Mimi

Haryani Hassim1,2

, Ho Wai Shin1,4

, Aidee Kamal Khamis3

1Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor

Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 3Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), UTM Pagoh

Research Center, 86400 Pagoh, Malaysia 4Process Systems Engineering Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru,

Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

In this work, a kinetic analysis for fermentative biohydrogen production using different

hydrogen-producing bacteria onto activated carbon sponge has been done. The fermentation

experiment was carried out using pineapple residues with 30 % inoculum of working volume

at the temperature of 32 °C and pH condition of 7. Three different H2-producing bacteria

were used namely Esherichia coli, Enterobacter. aerogenes and Clostridium sporogenes,

which immobilized onto carbon sponge and also in free cell form as comparison. The

modified Gompertz equation was used for the kinetic of cumulative biohydrogen production

via Excel solver application. Based on best fitting curve result for the cumulative

biohydrogen production, it was found that modified Gompertz equation were fitted well with

all the experimental results of all regression values, R2 were greater than 0.9. The modified

Gompertz equation would be useful for other analysis of biohydrogen production

performance using selected H2-producing bacteria culture onto activated carbon sponge from

pineapple residues.

Keywords

Kinetic analysis, Gompertz model, H2-producing bacteria, immobilization, biohydrogen,

pineapple residues

*Corresponding author

Dr Umi Aisah binti Asli

Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA),

UTM Pagoh Research Center,

Pagoh Educational Hub,

86400 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia

Tel : +(6)06-9742804

Fax : + (6)06-974-2998

E-mail address:umiaisah@cheme.utm

P a g e | 101

TRACK 5

PRODUCT FORMULATION AND

CONTROLLED RELEASE FOR WELLNESS

INDUSTRIES

P a g e | 102

Inhalable Formulation of Fisetin and Erlotinib for the Treatment of Non-

Small Cell Lung Cancer

Noratiqah Mohtar1*

, Kevin M. G. Taylor2, and Satyanarayana Somavarapu

3

1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang,

Malaysia (email: atiqahmohtar@gmail.com) 2Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London

WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom (email: kevin.taylor@ucl.ac.uk) 3Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London

WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom (email: s.somavarapu@ucl.ac.uk)

Abstract

Aim of study: Combination of phytochemicals with chemotherapeutic agents has attracted

wide attention for providing synergistic activity of each molecule against cancer cells. The

study aims to investigate the activity of a phytochemical (i.e. fisetin) in combination with a

tyrosine kinase inhibitor (i.e. erlotinib) against the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line

(A549). The combination was then used in the preparation of a sulfobutylether-β-

cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) complex, to be used as a nebulizer solution that will potentially be

useful in the local treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Work scope: The study

involved evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of the molecules using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-

yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the activity of the combinations was

analyzed using the median-effect principle method (CompuSyn software). SBE-β-CD

complex containing the selected combination was prepared and lyophilized. The complex

was characterized using a phase solubility study, X-ray diffraction analysis and the Next

Generation Impactor (NGI). Main results: The combination of fisetin: erlotinib (2: 1 molar)

has shown the most synergistic killing activity against the A549 cell line, with a combination

index value of 0.42 ± 0.10. The lyophilized fisetin-erlotinib-SBE-β-CD complex showed

sufficient solubility and stability of both drugs to be delivered as a nebulizer solution in the

NGI, giving a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of ~5.3 µm for both drugs.

Conclusion: The nebulized SBE-β-CD complex containing fisetin and erlotinib improved the

solubility and capability of both molecules to be delivered to the deep lung region, with an

improved killing activity against the NSCLC cell line.

Keywords

Erlotinib, Fisetin, NSCLC, SBE-β-CD, A549

* Corresponding author

Dr Noratiqah Mohtar

Address: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang,

Malaysia

Tel: +604-653 5034

Fax: +604-6570017

E-mail address: atiqahmohtar@gmail.com

P a g e | 103

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes-Immobilised Tannase for Enhancement of

In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Green Tea Infusion

Chong-Boon Ong1,2*

and Mohamad S. M. Annuar 2

1 Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, International University of

Malaya-Wales, City Campus, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala Lumpur. 2Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala

Lumpur.

Abstract

Owing to their remarkable mechanical stability, good dispersibility, high surface-to-volume

ratio, and biocompatibility, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of special interest as matrix for

immobilising enzymes. Therefore, immobilisation of glutaraldehyde cross-linked tannase on

pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was carried out. Immobilisation of

tannase was accomplished by strong hydrophobic interaction, most likely between

hydrophobic amino acid moieties of the cross-linked tannase to the MWCNT. The rate of

DPPH˙ radical scavenging activities for tannase-treated green tea extract was shown to be

higher than native green tea extract. MWCNT-immobilised tannase is a potential catalyst

with high stability and excellent operational re-usability for biotransformation of catechins in

green tea infusion. The improved antioxidant activities of green tea infusion extract can be

exploited as dietary supplement in foods and beverages or in nutraceutical applications. Its

antioxidant can be extracted and purified at commercial scale.

Keywords

Tannase, Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), Immobilization, Antioxidants, Green

tea

* Corresponding author

Prof. Dr. Mohamad Suffian Bin Mohamad Annuar

Address: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tel: +60 379677182

Fax: +60 379677182

E-mail address: suffian_annuar@um.edu.my

P a g e | 104

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Acoustic Cavitation with

Application in Solid-Liquid Separation

Y. J. Tan1, H. Muramatsu

2 and T. Saito

3*

1Graduate school of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, tan.yi.jin.16@shizuok.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku,

Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, muramatsu.hiroya.15@shizuoka.ac.jp 3Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan, saito.takayuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

Abstract

Solid classification by size can be useful in pharmaceutical researches. For instance, particles

produced from encapsulation of pharmaceutical chemical should be classified into different

size ranges since particle size is a crucial parameter in defining product performance.

Recently, an innovative solid-liquid separation technique utilizing kHz-band ultrasound was

developed. This technique flocculates dispersed solid particles at a targeted location by

invoking acoustic cavitation. Potential of this technique in solid classification by size as well

as manipulation near flocculation position was also demonstrated. Compared with other

separation techniques, this technique is nonintrusive and simple. However, the design of a

unit operation based on this separation technique requires in-depth understanding and precise

estimation of the phenomenon. Therefore, the present study aims to unravel the working

principle of this separation technique. First, the formation and growth of an acoustic bubble

from bubble nucleus to fragmentary acoustic bubble was observed through a high speed

camera. Next, the radial and translational motions of a stable acoustic bubble were

investigated. Finally, by controlling the concentration of dissolved gases in water, it was

found that a CO2 bubble behaves differently in the acoustic field compared with an air

bubble. These behaviors were explained with the results of numerical analysis. It was found

that the CO2 bubble either dissolves away quickly or expands uncontrollably due to high

solubility in water. The CO2 bubble also undergoes less intense oscillation compared with the

air bubble. These findings can be useful for the design of a separator that classifies particles

by size.

Keywords

Ultrasound, Acoustic cavitation, Solid-liquid separation, Bjerknes force, Particle flocculation

* Corresponding author

Prof Takayuki Saito

Address: Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University,

4328561, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan

Tel: +81 53-478-1601

Fax: +81 53-478-1601

E-mail address: saito.takayuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 105

Development of Filtration Systems for the Collection of Soaking Water

During Bedak Sejuk Preparation

N. Ibrahim1

And N.T. Kofli 1,2*

1Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering

and Built Environment,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor,

Malaysia

Abstract

“Bedak Sejuk” or cool powder is a traditional cosmetic product used by locals that is made

from fermented rice. To start the process, the rice grains are soaked in water at 1:1 (w:v) ratio

and continuously soaked until the rice gains fully dissolved into flour paste slurry. The

soaking water was discarded at end of the fermentation process although it is believed

valuable active components still exist in the water. Thus, the aim of the present study is to

develop filtration system to collect the soaking water and to analyze active components

presence. Local rice grains were soaked in the water in a container and within 14 days

interval, the soaking water was replaced. The soaking water collected was then filtered using

muslin cloth, followed by membrane filter size of 0.45 and 0.20μm. The filtered soaking

water was analyzed for amino acid analysis using HPLC. Sample (0.1 ml) was poured onto

the nutrient agar plate for microbial growth to determine the effectiveness of the filtration

system. Based on these observations, it can be concluded that the rice soaking water during

bedak sejuk preparation content were rich in amino acids (15 types of amino acids detected)

with the highest concentration were lycine, glutamic acid and arginine at 0.11, 0.12 and

0.1 % respectively. After the filtration using 0.20μm, no microbial growth detected

suggested that it can be applied directly onto the skin as organic cosmetic product that

benefits the skin.

Keywords

Rice grains, organic cosmetic, Bedak sejuk, rice soaking water, amino acids

*Corresponding author

Assoc Prof Noorhisham Tan Kofli

Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and

Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Tel : +6089216401

Email : ntk@ukm.edu.my

P a g e | 106

Development of a Simultaneous Measurement Technique for Dense-Foam

Cell Size and Film Thickness, by Using a Single-Tip Optical Fiber Probe

Hiroya M. Mizutani1 and Takayuki Saito

2*

1Graduate school of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku,

Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4328561, Japan. E-mail: muramatsu.hiroya.15@shizuoka.ac.jp 2Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku,

Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4328561, Japan. E-mail: saito.takayuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

Abstract

Foam is frequently encountered not only in industrial fields (e.g. chemical plant and

floatation process) but also in our daily life (e.g. soap and fresh cream). For a long time,

characteristics such as cell size and film thickness of dense foam have been measured by an

electrical resistance method or a light scattering method. However, these measurement

techniques provide us only the average cell size or film thickness. The optical fiber probing

(OFP) method which we are developing has the potential to simultaneously measure both the

characteristics (i.e. cell size and film thickness). In the present study, we aim to discuss the

measurement mechanisms and performance of this technique numerically and

experimentally. First, we experimentally investigated film-thickness measurement by

piercing a liquid film. Second, we numerically investigated optical signals from the

corresponded optical system by using our original three-dimensional ray tracing method. By

comparing both results, we succeeded in clarifying the physical meanings of the optical

signals. In the film thickness measurement, the difference between the OFP measurement and

visualization was approximately 15 %. Third, we measured foam cell size by penetrating the

S-TOP into the foam cluster. In the cell size measurement, the difference between the OFP

measurement and visualization was approximately 10 %. Finally, we concluded that our OFP

measurement technique can be practically used for dense foam measurement.

Keywords

Optical fiber probe, Dense foam, Measurement technique, Visualization, Numerical

simulation

* Corresponding author

Prof Takayuki Saito

Address: Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University,

4328561, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan

Tel: +81 53-478-1601

Fax: +81 53-478-1601

E-mail address: saito.takayuki@shizuoka.ac.jp

P a g e | 107

Free Fatty Acids Production from Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Cooking

Palm oil in Solvent-free System

N. A. Zaharudin1, R. Rashid

1*, S. M. Mohamed Esivan

1, A. Idris

1, and N. Othman

2

1Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy

Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru,

Johor, Malaysia (nathirah88@gmail.com, r-roslina@utm.my, ihya1207@gmail.com,

ani@cheme.utm.my) 2Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty

of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

(norasikin@cheme.utm.my)

Abstract

Waste cooking palm oil (WCO) is a cheap and abundant commodity, representing a product

of blooming phenomenon of fast food centers and restaurants all over Malaysia. Disposal of

this waste has faced a significant challenge considering the possibilities of initiating various

environmental pollutions. High free fatty acids (FFA) content in WCO has surged the interest

in its utilization and conversion into value-added products. In this study, enzymatic

hydrolysis of WCO was conducted using immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa in

solvent-free system. Hydrolysis of WCO achieved the highest yield of FFA at enzyme

loading of 1.5 U/ml, buffer volume to oil volume ratio of 3:1 (v/v), temperature of 40 ˚C, pH

of 7, and agitation speed of 220 rpm at 270 minutes reaction time. Under these described

conditions, 98.37±0.68 % of hydrolysis degree was achieved with 2566.67±17.64 µmol/ml of

FFA yield. A kinetic model based on the Michaelis-Menten equation was used to determine

the rate constant of Vmax and Km. Lineweaver-Burk, Eadie-Hosftee, and Hanes-Woolf plots

were also constructed. The Vmax and Km values gained from the plots were compared giving

the average Vmax and Km values of 28.87 µmol/ml.min and 0.13 g/ml, respectively.

Keywords

Waste cooking oil, free fatty acids, enzymatic hydrolysis, kinetic model,

* Corresponding author

Asooc Prof Dr Roslina Rashid

Address: Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and

Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor

Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75535598

Fax: +60 75588166

E-mail address: r-roslina@utm.my

P a g e | 108

TRACK 6

NOOTROPICS AND NUTRACEUTICALS

P a g e | 109

The Antimicrobial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Tualang

Bee Honey

Amir Izzwan Zamri1*, Hariz Hasali1 , Hazwani Hasali1

1School of Food Science & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030,

Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Malaysia tualang honey usually collected from the combs of Asia rock bees (Apis dorsata),

which build their hives high up in the tualang tree (Koompassia excelsa). Tualang honey is

used commonly as a medicinal product and as food in Malaysia. The study was conducted to

isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Tualang honey bee from East Coast

Peninsular Malaysia. The Tualang honey identified LAB strains were further tested against

six pathogenic bacteria consists of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhimurium,

Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus

by using well-diffusion method. The LAB were primarily identified by colony morphology,

microscopy of Gram`s stain, biochemical tests and 16s rRNA sequencing method. 10 selected

isolates LAB has been identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus kunkeei, and

Lactobacillus farraginis and were selected for the characterization of antimicrobial agents

produced by LAB. It was found that from 10 isolates, 5 isolates exhibited strong

antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

results in excellent inhibition zones diameters larger than 15 mm. In general, the LAB

isolates has showed impressive inhibitory effect against common food borne pathogens,

although the scope of inhibition was different for every LAB isolates. The result of this study

indicate that Tualang honey has potential antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria

and can be further characterized for health benefits and potential use in food industry at

Malaysia.

Keywords

Tualang Honey, LAB, pathogen, 16s rRNA sequencing, antimicrobial activity

* Corresponding author

Dr Amir Izzwan Zamri

Address: School of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,

Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu.

Tel: +60 96684962

Fax: +60 6684949

E-mail address: amir@umt.edu.my

P a g e | 110

Benefits of Virgin Coconut Oil in Nutraceutical and Functional Food

Applications

Nor Farahiyah Aman Nor1 , Harisun Ya’akob

1,2, Ani Idris

1,2 and Sulaiman Ngadiran

1

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

The virgin coconut oil (Cocos nucifera L.) is a high value coconut product that consumed for

its nutraceutical benefits and as functional food. The world demand for coconut oil has been

expanding majorly in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmeceutical industries. The

medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) of C6-C12 converted from medium chain triglycerides

performing a good effect to human health, which is easily utilized and metabolized by human

body and exhibited the antiviral, antifungal, antimicrobial and antibacterial properties. The

coconut oil represented as saturated fat also able to increase the conversion of

eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) compared to polyunsaturated

fat. Due to its characteristic of high in saturated fatty acids especially the lauric acid content,

coconut oil is known to have the high resistance to oxidation that may inhibits rancidity due

to its stability and functionality. The present review emphasizes the benefit of consuming the

virgin coconut oil and the potential application for health improvement.

Keywords

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Food and Nutraceutical, Medium Chain Fatty Acid

* Corresponding author

Dr. Harisun Ya’akob

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532502

E-mail address: harisun@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 111

Production of Bacteria Cellulose from Acetobacter Xylinum 0416 for Hard

Capsule (Pharmaceutical Industry)

Norliza Abd. Rahman1*

Nur Syafiqah Kamarudin1,Mohd. Sahaid Khalil

1 and Siti Kartom

Kamarudin1

1Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO),Chemical Engineering

Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Mature coconut water is considered as waste and 5.3m3

of mature coconut water is discarded

every day especially in the coconut processing industry. If they are not disposed of properly,

it can cause environmental pollution and cause the river around the processing industry area

has very high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). Normally, BOD of mature coconut water

is 29,000 mg L-1

compared to level allowed which is 50 mg L-1

. Thus, coconut water can be

used as a culture medium for fermentation bacterial cellulose (BC) because the production

cost can be reduced between 50 to 60%. Acetobacter are often used in industry because they

can be produced in large quantities BC. There are many applications of BC in industries such

as in the food industry, pharmaceutical industry, textiles and etc. However, this study only

focuses on the characteristics of hard capsule (pharmaceutical industry) and BC. This is

because, in the market there are between 80-90% non-halal hard capsule and this cause very

high demand of halal hard capsule especially in Islamic countries. To meet the high demand,

the optimal production of BC has been studied using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

The optimum conditions of BC was at pH 4 and temperature of 32 °C. To perform the

fermentation in large quantities, equipment selection and methods are very important. In this

study, four alternative processes have been chosen and simulate by using Superpro Designer.

Alternative four was chosen because of the cheapest operating costs of RM 1,062,748 per

annum.

Keywords

Mature coconut water, fermentation, bacterial cellulose, hard capsule, Superpro

* Presenting author

Assoc Prof Dr Norliza Binti Abd.Rahman

Address: Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO),Chemical

Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Tel: +60389216115

Fax: +60 389118345

E-mail address: norlizajkkp@ukm.edu.my

P a g e | 112

A Review: The Potential of Oligopeptide and Oligosaccaride as Functional

Food

Chee Loong Teo1,2*

, Hesham A. El Enshasy2, Ani Idris

2, Han Ming Liu

1, Twee Juan Wong

1,

Lek Ann Tan1, Kim Tai Ng

1, Peam Hin Lim

1, Mun Leong Wong

1, Noorazwani Zainol

2,

Mohamad Saad2, Daniel Joe Dailing

2, Roslinda Abdul Malek

2, Siti Zulaikha Hanapi

2, Siti

Alyani Mat2, Chin Keat Ho

2, Norasiah Sadek

2

1Master Natural Herbal Sdn. Bhd. No 35/37, Jaaln Kolam Air, 81900 Kota Tinggi, Johor,

Malaysia 2Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia.

Abstract

The functional food market reached US$54 billion in 2014 and majority market focus on

United States of America, Japan and Germany. In the South East Asian, Indonesia,

Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapore are also growing rapidly such as

Malaysia reached US$2.205 billion, Thailand reached US$3.27 billion, Philippines reached

US$4.25 billion and Indonesia reached US$6.9 billion. These all data showed that the

awareness of health and nutritional increasing in the human society. The increasing of

demand of functional food in market and awareness of health also related with the increasing

number of civilization disease such as obesity (2.8 million mortality rates), coronary heart

disease (17.9 million mortality rates), diabetes (1.6 million mortality rates), cancer (9.6

million mortality rates) or tumor according World Health Organization’s statistics database.

In this review discussed about potential of oligopeptide and oligosaccharide as functional

food. Oligopeptide consists of two to twenty amino acids and oligosaccharide consists of

three to ten monosaccharides. A lot of oligopeptides researches showed that it is good in

antioxidant and antimicrobial from fish meal source. While, oligopeptides from egg yolks

proved that able suppress the development of hypertension and potent antitumor activity from

hydrolysates of Sepia ink. In addition, oligosaccharides scientifically proved that able reduce

the gastrointestinal infections and enhance a good balance of intestinal micoflora in human

body. Besides, consumption of oligosaccharides can reduce cardiovascular disease, obesity,

colon cancer and anti-tumor.

Keywords

Oligopeptide, oligopeptide, functional food, nutrition, health

*Corresponding author

Dr Teo Chee Loong

Address: Master Natural Herbal Sdn. Bhd. No 35/37, Jaaln Kolam Air, 81900 Kota Tinggi,

Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +6016 7694278

E-mail address: anthony1109@hotmail.my/ drteo@masternaturalherbal.com.my

P a g e | 113

Preliminary Study of the Protein Content of Malaysian Edible Bird’s Nest

N.A. Azmi1* and T.H. Lee1

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty

of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Edible’s Bird Nest (EBN) is produced from saliva of swiftlets species, Colocallia fuciphagus.

EBN or in Mandarin ‘Yan Wo’ is a delicacy food tonic which has been used in Traditional

Chinese Medicine (TCM) since Tang Dynasty (610D). The objective of this study was to

determine and compare the protein composition of EBN obtained from different region in

Malaysia. The protein content in EBN is used as a measuring parameter for the preliminary

study of EBN because protein is major constituent in EBN. The protein determination was

determined by using Bradford assay. A total of 20 raw EBN samples is used. Data shows

that, Northern region (Location A) with a mean of 63.1513 mg/g dry weight (DW) was the

highest protein amount followed by East Coast (Location B) with 55.2402 mg/g DW and

Southern region (Location B and C) with mean 50.3406 mg/g DW and 48.50024 mg/g DW

respectively. Each location contribute 5 samples for analysis. Statistical data shows that, there

is a highly significant content of protein between North and other region, Southern and East

Coast in Peninsular Malaysia. This result may led further investigation to other nutritional

content in EBN for other location in Malaysia.

Keywords

Edible’s Bird Nest (EBN), Protein, Collocallia fucipahgus

* Corresponding author

Dr Lee Ting Hun

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.

Tel: +60 75569706

Fax: +60 75531565

E-mail address: lee@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 114

The Current Regulation of Probiotic Functional Foods in the Malaysian

Population: A Critical Review

S. Shanmugaprakasham1,2

, R. A. Malek2, D. J. Dailin

1,2, D. Sukmawati

3, and H. A. El-

Enshasy1,4*

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor

Bahru, 2 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasyim Ashari

Building 9 Floor Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Java. Indonesia, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. 4 City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria,

Abstract

Probiotics are considered as functional foods as they are proven to provide health benefits

beyond the traditional nutrition function. These probiotic organisms have been proven to

regulate the physiological and pathological process of the host and, thereby improving human

health. Numerous probiotic therapies had been proven was successful in the treatment of

number of diseases such as intestinal disorders, dermal health, immunomodulation and

preventing infections. Hence, the global market of probiotic incorporated functional food

products are achieving a rapid pace recently. Howbeit, the rational usage, selection and

design of probiotics still remain as challenges for the scientific community in concern with

their safety factors. Moreover, relevant research and awareness in this area, especially in the

Asia‐Pacific region, including Malaysia still lacking behind. This review briefly discusses the

significance of the probiotics on human health, current market trend and the present status of

probiotic regulation in the Malaysian population. In addition, the opportunities for the

probiotic studies in the Malaysian population also highlighted in this review.

Keywords

Probiotic, Functional Food, Dietary Supplements, Regulatory Guidelines, Lactobacillus

* Corresponding author

Prof Dr rer Nat Hesham Ali El-Enshasy

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310

Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532595

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 115

TRACK 7

PLANT AND HERBAL BIOPROCESSING -

STANDARDIZATION AND PROFILING

(PART 2)

P a g e | 116

Biochemical Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds and Steviol Glycoside

from Stevia rebaudiana Extracts Associated with

In Vitro Antidiabetic Potential

U. H. Zaidan1, 2

*, N. A. Amran1, N. I. M. Zen

1 and S. Shamsi

1

1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, 43400 UPM,

Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Apart from being well known to the world as herb-based sweetening additive, Stevia

rebaudiana (S. rebaudiana) and its phenolic compounds are considered as natural

antidiabetic alternative to replace synthetic drugs that possess numbers of side effects.

Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the solvent effects on the extraction of phenolic

compounds and steviol glycoside identification associated with antidiabetic potential of the

extracts. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content of the extracts were quantified,

while the antidiabetic activity of the e tracts were determined by α-amylase inhibitory assay.

As a matter of interest, TFC was found to be present at the highest concentration in ethanol

extract (10.91 mg QE/g), while the presence of TPC showed no significant difference

between water extract (6.65 mg GAE/g) and other organic solvents. In relation to the

antidiabetic potential, the effects of the e tracts in inhibiting α-amylase activity were

investigated in vitro. Interestingly, among all S. rebaudiana extracts, water extract exhibited

the most significant α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 = 8.63 µg/ml, comparable to

synthetic drug, acarbose IC50 = 13.73 µg/ml. In addition, all the extracts were further analysed

using HPLC and showed the abundance presence of steviol glycoside in the water extract, the

principal compound suggested for treating diabetes. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis has shown

the major compounds of phenol, benzofuranone, nerolidol, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide,

phytol, α-amyrin and long chain fatty acids were present. These findings demonstrated that

phenolic recovery was highly dependent on extraction solvent and the promising water

extract as the best α-amylase inhibitory potential with greatest steviol glycoside recovery.

Keywords

Stevia rebaudiana, Phenolic content, Steviol glycoside, α-Amylase inhibitory activity,

Antidiabetic potential

* Presenting author

Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan (Dr)

Address: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 389467620

Fax: +60 389430913

E-mail address: uswatun@upm.edu.my

P a g e | 117

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids

Content from White Flowering of Melastoma Malabathricum

C. H. Lee1, T. H. Lee

1,* Harisun Ya’akob

1

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia

Abstract

One of the herbal species list under National Key Economic Area (NKEA) of Malaysia called

Melastoma malabathricum (senduduk putih) has been found to be a potential rich source of

natural flavonoids used as medicinal remedies. This study aimed to explore the best

technological conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of total flavonoids in M.

malabathricum. Therefore, UAE optimized conditions combined with a stirrer for total

flavonoid from M. malabathricum was studied. Firstly, the five operating parameters (ethanol

concentration, powder to solvent ratio, temperature, extraction time and ultrasound power)

were investigated by one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method and then a response surface

methodology coupled with central composite design (CCD) was employed to study the

interaction of three keys parameters. The optimized conditions for total flavonoids content by

indirect UAE with constant mixing speed (300±6 rpm) were at a ratio of 1g of raw material:

30 mL of 100% (v/v) ethanol, 9.99 ℃, 19 min and 283. W. At the end, under the

abovementioned conditions, the experimental total flavonoids content were 64.94 mg/g,

which is well matched with the predicted value (63.75 mg/g).

Keywords

Melastoma malabathricum, Flavonoids, Optimization, Ultrasound-assisted extraction

* Corresponding author

Dr Lee Ting Hun

Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia

Tel: +6075531663

Fax: +6075581463

E-mail address: lee@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 118

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction and purification of phalerin from Phaleria

macrocarpa: Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network

Modeling

Faiqah Binti Ramli1*

, Mariani Abdul Hamid1*

, and Intan Safinar Ismail3

1Institute of Bio-product Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor,

Malaysia 2Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Demand for natural ingredients which are reported to be safe and health-promoting property

is increasing due to the awareness of consumers on health diet. Phalerin is a phenolic

benzophenone which exhibited broad spectrum of bioactivities. Hence, this study is designed

to optimize the extraction of phalerin from Phaleria macrocarpa using ultrasonic assisted

extraction (UAE). Purity of isolated phalerin was determined using quantitative NMR

analysis and later used as standard material. Preliminary screenings were carried out on three

process variables (solvent concentration, extraction temperature and solid to solvent ratio).

The results of Box Behnken Design (BBD) indicate that the optimum extraction conditions

were 71% of methanol, 1:45 solid to solvent ratio (g/ml) and extraction temperature of 47 °C

to yield 4.26 ± 0.51 mg/g of phalerin. Statistical evaluation of the models by coefficient

determinant (R2) and average absolute deviation (AAD) indicates the superiority of ANN

predictive capability (R2 = 0.99, AAD = 0.24%) as compared to RSM (R

2 = 0.98, AAD =

1.03%). The experimental values under optimal condition were consistent with the predicted

values. More so, UAE was proven to be ecological and offers better extraction efficiency as

compared to hot and cold maceration.

Keywords

Phaleria macrocarpa, quantitative NMR, RSM, ANN, ultrasonic assisted extraction,

phalerin.

* Corresponding author

Dr Mariani Abdul Hamid

Address: Institute of Bio-product Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310

Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.

Tel: +607-5531631

Fax: +60-5569706

E-mail address: mariani@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 119

Effect of Microwave Selected Parameters on Properties of Synthesized

Maghemite for Lipase Immobilization

Ariffin, M.F.K1*

and Idris, Ani2

1PhD Student (Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. 2Professor (Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Maghemite nanomagnetic was successfully synthesized using microwave assisted technique.

The working time for synthesis was shortened to 18 minutes using microwave compared with

7 hours conventionally. The amount of product formed was recorded at 0.362g (microwave

condition: 80℃, 18 min and 300 MHz.) Produced maghemite showed superparamagnetic

properties with good saturation magnetization recorded at 60.1 emu. The average size for

synthesized maghemite was ~15 nm and in spherical shape based on FESEM analysis.

Dielectro scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the maghemite undergoes phase change

at ~450 ℃. Synthesized maghemite was applied as the carrier for lipase immobilization. The

nanomaterial was coated with chitosan to assist amine linkage of lipase enzyme to the

maghemite matrix. Immobilization process was conducted in thermal shaking incubator at 55

℃, 200 RPM shaking speed and 9 hours incubation time. Immobilized lipase activity was

evaluated through hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl palmitate and measured using UV-vis

spectrophotometer at 410 nm. The recorded lipase activity was 1.8 U.

Keywords

Microwave synthesis, maghemite, lipase immobilization

*Corresponding author:

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Tel: +607-5531988

Email: aniidris@utm.my

P a g e | 120

Properties of Bromelain Extract from Different Parts of the Pineapple

Variety Morris

Effaliza Misran1, Ani Idris

1*, Siti Hajar Mat Sarip

1 and Harisun Ya’akob

1

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty

of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to characterize the bromelain extract from pineapple which

belongs to the Morris variety. The bromelain were extracted from 2 different batches of

Morris pineapples; one with crown and the other without the crown. The portions of each part

such as flesh, peel, core, stem and crown were 45-52%, 28-29%, 13-14%, 5-6% and 7%

(w/w), respectively. The physiochemical properties of each part of the pineapple were

determined. Results showed that the pH, TSS, volume of extract (ml), total protein (mg) and

total activity (CDU/mg) of the pineapple were 3 – 4, 1– 6oBrix, 850-6000 ml, 21 – 98 mg/ml

and 95 – 251 CDU/ml, respectively. Both species showed that the peel and flesh gave the

highest bromelain activity and protein contents, whereas the extract from the stem revealed

the lowest values. Bromelain activities were decreased with time by study the storage

stability of the extract under refrigerated condition (5-8oC). The studies indicated that

bromelain extract has many added values.

Keywords

Pineapple, Bromelain, Morris, Properties

*Corresponding author:

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Tel: +607-5531988

Email: aniidris@utm.my

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The Phytopharmaceutical Aspect of Tongkat Ali, Kacip Fatimah and

Manjakani Extracts

Ida Madiha Yusoff1 , Harisun Yaakob

1,, Zaitul Iffa Abd Rasid

1, Muna Mohamed

1, Zarani Mat Taher

1

and Ani Idris1,2*

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru,

Malaysia. 2School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Edible medicinal plants such as tongkat ali, kacip fatimah and manjakani contain the valuable

active ingredients and are increasingly gaining acceptance throughout the world. Tongkat ali,

kacip fatimah and manjakani were extracted for 4 hours in 500 L extractor using water was as

the solvent. The extracts were filtered before drying by spray drier. The phytopharmaceutical

aspects based on total polysaccharides, total glycoprotein and total glycosaponin were

evaluated. The total polysaccharides, glycoprotein and glycosaponin content in tongkat ali are

significantly highest (P ≤ 0.05) compared to kacip fatimah and manjakani. These edible

medicinal plant extracts have potential nutritional content which might be useful for human

wellness.

Keywords

Total polysaccharides, total glycoprotein, total glycosaponin, spray drier, extracts

* Corresponding author

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Address: School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Tel: +60 75532595

Fax: Tel: +607-5531988

Email: aniidris@utm.my

P a g e | 122

Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant

Activities of Leaves, Bark and Fruit from Crescentia cujete L.

U. S. Ahmad1, M. Selvanayagam

1, and N.S. Ramli

1*

1Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra

Malaysia

Abstract

Crescentia cujete L., also known as calabash tree, is commonly used in folk medicine to treat

various types of diseases. However, there is little information available on antioxidant

activities of different parts of Crescentia cujete. The aim of this study was to investigate the

total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract for

different parts of Crescentia cujete, namely leaves, bark, fruit mature and fruit young. The

quantification of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were

estimated using Follin-Ciocalteu assay and Aluminium Trichloride assay respectively.

Antioxidant activities were evaluated by using ABTS Free Radical Scavenging as well as

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay. The results indicated that the highest

amount of TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activities were shown by ethanolic extract of leaves

followed by bark, fruit young and fruit mature. These results showed that leaves of

Crescentia cujete possesses significant free radical scavenging properties compared to other

parts of plant. Analysis of Pearson Correlation Coefficient showed a strong positive

correlation indicated that the antioxidant activities contributed with polyphenol content. Thus,

leaves extract could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidant and can be

beneficial for the management of oxidative-stress related diseases.

Keywords

Polyphenols, scavenging activity, reducing power, labu kayu

* Corresponding author

Dr Nurul Shazini Ramli

Address: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti

Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Tel: +60 389468354

Fax: +60 389423552

E-mail address: shazini@upm.edu.my

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TRACK 8

TISSUE ENGINEERING

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Interaction of Silver Sulfadiazine with Bacterial Cellulose

As Alternative Diabetic Wound Healing

Sharifah Soplah Syed Abdullah1*

, Fathin Amila Faisul Aris1

1 Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Section

of Bioengineering Technology. Lot 1988 Bandar Vendor Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka,

Malaysia

Abstract

World Health Organization Global Report on Diabetes published in 2010 reported the world diabetic

prevalence as 6.4%, affecting 285 million adults. The incidence is predicted to rise by 7.7% in 2030

with a total of 439 million patients worldwide. Malaysia is reported to be among the top 10 countries

for diabetes prevalence in 2010. Diabetic patients with foot ulcer showed 150-fold increased risk of

amputation due to poor wound management. The conventional silver dressing raises growing

concerns amongst clinicians that this dressing, widely used in the treatment of diabetic ulcer, could

lead to increased morbidity and prolonged treatment time relating to uncontrolled wound bioburden.

Hence, a proper wound management with antimicrobial properties is crucial to improve the patients’

quality of life. Bacterial cellulose (BC) seems to be a good candidate of alternative treatment method

for wound healing. It has been known to have high purity, good tensile strength, water holding

capacity and biocompatibility with a unique nanofibril network morphology which mimics the

extracellular matrix. In this research, BC produced was impregnated with silver sulfadiazine (SSD)

which acts as antimicrobial properties to enhance the efficiency of wound healing. The study was

carried out to investigate the possible modifications in the physicochemical properties of the BC-SSD

membrane produced by ex-situ modification method. BC pellicles was produced through static

fermentation process in Hestrin Schramn medium. The preparation of BC-SSD was done by

immersing in various concentration of SSD solution for 24 hours. The properties of BC-SSD was

investigated by using SEM analysis, measurement of water holding capacity (WHC), water release

rate (WRR) and antimicrobial activity studies by disk diffusion method. The results obtained shown

that BC-SSD has the ability of water holding capacity to ensure the mechanism of wound dressing

material acts effectively on wound healing without distortion. In addition, the release of kinetic

studies of BC-SSD also being proven to ensure the action of antimicrobial mechanism and absorption

through skin to treat the wound at optimum level. Lastly, the antimicrobial studies by using disk

diffusion method showed that BC-HMD able to inhibit the growth of selected microorganisms related

to diabetic ulcers. Ultimately, BC-SSD proved its ability to treat diabetic ulcer complications by its

mechanism and antimicrobial properties to enhance wound healing process.

Keywords

Bacterial cellulose, Silver sulfadiazine, Wound healing, Diabetic ulcer, Ex-situ modification

*Corresponding author

Dr Sharifah Soplah Syed Abdullah

Address: Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology,

Section of Bioengineering Technology. Lot 1988 Bandar Vendor Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah,

Melaka, Malaysia

E-mail address: sharifahsoplah@unikl.edu.my

P a g e | 125

Polycaprolactone/Chlorophyllin Sodium Copper Salt Nanofibraous Mats

Prepared By Electrospinning for Soft Tissue Engineering

M. Z. A. Zulkifli1*

, N. H. N. Kamarudin2, and D. Nordin

3

1Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty Engineering and

Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul

Ehsan

Abstract

The aim of this study to synthesis biodegradable nanofibres which consists of

polycaprolactone (PCL) and chlorophyllin sodium copper (CSC) through the electrospinning

for tissue engineering scaffold. Tissue engineering promote new medical therapy which takes

advantage of polymeric biomaterials with living precursor compared to conventional

transplantation methods. The purpose of tissue engineering is to repair the damaged human

tissue or organ by providing scaffold for cells regeneration. However, the problem arise when

to develop scaffold that provide favour environment for cell attachment and proliferation.

Therefore, it was possible to tackle this problem by adding CSC into the nanofibres as CSC

has been widely used for biomaterial application. In this study, the structure and morphology

of nanofibres were determined by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the chemical

properties of nanofibreswere tested by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The diameter and

adhesive force of nanofibreswere investigated by an atomic force microscope (AFM). SEM

examinations revealed that the PCL/CSC nanofibres loses their fibrous structure. The result

of FTIR proved that the nanofibres that synthesised by electrospinning still consists of PCL

and CSC. AFM examination demostrated that the diameter and adhesive force of PCL/CSC

nanofibres were less compared to PCL nanofibres.This is due to CSC unable to generate any

fibre on its own and its non-crystalloid structure does not allow it as inner enhacenment for

PCL nanofibrous. Hence, furher studies are needed to ensure PCL/CSC nanofibre could be

used as an innovative type of scaffolds which can be potentially provide appropriate

environment for living cells.

Keywords

Electrospinning, biodegradable nanofibers, polycaprolactone, chlorophyllin, tissue

engineering

* Corresponding author

Dr. Darman Nordin

Address: Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty

Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,

Selangor Darul Ehsan

Tel: +60 389216968

Fax: +60 389118345

E-mail address: darman@ukm.edu.my

P a g e | 126

Effect of Momordica charantia Treatment on Inflammatory Responses In

RAW264.7 cells

Shi Yan Lee1*

, Won Fen Wong2

and Kian-Kai Cheng2

1Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor. (leeshiyan0520@gmail.com) *

2Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603

Kuala Lumpur. (wonfen@um.edu.my) 3Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor. (chengkiankai@utm.my)

Abstract

Momordica charantia, also known as bitter gourd, is a fruit that is widely cultivated and

available in Asia, India, East Africa, and South America. It is consumed as food or folk

medicine in many Asian countries. Momordica charantia is known for its anti-diabetic, anti-

inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti microbial activities. However, the detailed

molecular mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action is yet to be elucidated. This project

aimed to examine the effects of Momordica charantia on modulating LPS-induced

inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. MTT tests were used to determine the

cytotoxicity of Momordica charantia freeze-dried powder in RAW264.7 cells and real-time

PCR was applied to analyze the expression of inflammatory genes in the RAW264.7 cells

treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with or without Momordica charantia powder. The

study also looked into the effect of Momordica charantia treatment on inflammatory protein

markers expression of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells such as NF-kB, IKKB and IKB-alpha

using Western-Blot analysis. Notably, the current results showed that Momordica charantia

treatment led to marked reduction in inflammatory responses. Our study provided evidences

supporting high anti-inflammatory activities of Momordica charantia.

Keywords

Bitter gourd, anti-inflammation, gene expression, protein expression

* Corresponding author

Dr Cheng Kian Kai

Address: Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Edu Hub UTM2, Hub Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh, 84600 Pagoh,

Johor.

E-mail address: chengkiankai@utm.my

P a g e | 127

Effetcs of Combined Cisplatin and Clinacanthus nutans on Gene

Expression of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

Z. L. Yeo1, N.F.A.Abu Bakar

1, P. Madhavan

2 and P. Prabhakaran

1*

1Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, 81310 UTM

Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2Taylors University (School of Medicine, Taylor’s University, No.1 Jalan Taylor’s, 47500

Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Triple Negative Breast Cancer is the most invasive breast cancer subtype enriched with

cancer stem cells. Absence of Estrogen, Progesterone and HER2 receptors make TNBCs

difficult to be targeted by existing chemotherapy treatments. This study was aimed at

identifying the effects of the cisplatin-C.nutans combined therapy on the gene expression of

MBA-MD-231 cells representing the TNBC subtype. Both cisplatin and C. nutans especially

as combined treatment exhibited potent anticancer effects on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer

cells. Cisplatin at (0.76, 1.52, 3.05, 4.57, 6.10, and 15.23 µg/mL), C. nutans at (2.5, 5, 10,

20, 30, and 50 µg/mL) and combination of cisplatin (3.05 µg/ml) with C. nutans at (0, 2.5, 5,

10, 20, 30, and 50 µg/ml) were tested on MDA-MB-231 for cell viability. Cisplatin and C.

nutans reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner by 7.05-57.47% (cisplatin), 7.02-

50.29% (C. nutans) and 8.36-75.79% (combined cisplatin-C. nutans). Single cisplatin and C.

nutans treatment respectively induced differentiation while the combined treatment induced

apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, cisplatin and C. nutans differentially

regulated specific genes in which differentiation markers KRT18 and ß–tubulin (solo

cisplatin and C. nutans treatment) and KLF4 (all treatments) were up-regulated while CD49f

(cisplatin and combination treatment) was down-regulated. These findings altogether suggest

that the cisplatin-C.nutans combination is a potent anticancer agent for the targeted therapy of

MDA-MB-231 cells and other CSC-enriched cancers. The up-regulation of KLF4 correlating

to increased differentiation of CSCs can be highlighted as an important cancer prognostic

marker for the treatment and management of TNBC.

Keywords

Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Cisplatin, Clinacantus nutans, Proliferation, Differentiation

* Corresponding author

Dr. Praseetha Prabhakaran

Address: Block T02, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75557525

E-mail address: praseetha@fbb.utm.my

P a g e | 128

Antioxidant Properties and Cytotoxic Effects of Fractions from Carica

papaya Leaves Extract on Human Skin Fibroblast Cells

Husnul Hanani Soib1 and Harisun Ya’akob

1,2*

1Department of Bioprocess Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia (hannanmh88@gmail.com) 2Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia (harisun@ibd.utm.my)

Abstract

Various studies reported that C. papaya extract plays a significant role in pharmacological

activities such as anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and wound

healing. The aim of the present study conducted is to evaluate the antioxidant potential and

toxicity effect of the fractions from ethanolic extract of C. papaya leaves on Human Skin

Fibroblast cell (HSF1184) cell lines. In this study, crude ethanolic extract of C. papaya was

fractionated using various concentration of methanol : acetonitrile ranging from 20% to 100%

by Solid Phase Extraction method. The fractions (Fr I-V) were screened through 1,1-

Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-

yl]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) Assay. Three fractions of C. papaya (Fr I, Fr II

and Fr III) showed radical scavenging activity (IC50) of 0.154 mg/mL 0.004 < 0.301 mg/mL

0.0032 < 0.395 mg/mL 0.004, respectively. Toxicity study demonstrated that the fractions

were not cytotoxic on Human Skin Fibroblast (HSF1184) cell line after 24 hours treatment at

concentration below than 31.25 g/mL. The findings of the present study confirmed that the

ethanolic fractions of C. papaya possessed antioxidant property and have non toxicity effect

on human skin fibroblast cell. Hence, the fractions of C. papaya could be used as a potential

natural antioxidants that can be applied in natural product development for many human

diseases.

Keywords

Carica papaya, Extractions, Solid phase extraction (SPE), Antioxidant, Cytotoxic

* Corresponding author

Dr. Harisun Ya’akob

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 75532502

E-mail address: harisun@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 129

Enhancement of Biolectricity Production from Soil Microbial Fuel Cell

(SMFC) by Additional Glucose, Nutrient Broth and Escherichia Coli

bacteria.

Shahirah Raiyan Saleh1*

, Umi Aisah Asli1,2*

, Anwar Johari1,3

, Nur Kamilah Abd Jalil1, Nor

Azira Muin Abdul Muin1 and Aidee Kamal Khamis

2

1School of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor Malaysia 2Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), UTM Pagoh

Research Center, Pagoh Educational Hub,Johor Malaysia 3Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor

Bahru Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Soil Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) is a device that using bacteria in soils as a biocatalyst.

These bacterial, called exoelectrogenic bacteria are oxidizing organic substrates to release

electrons, which then harvested in an external circuit to produce bioelectricity. Despite all the

potential, the bioelectricity production from soils is still low and its relation with SMFC

conditions is uncertain. Hence, the main objective in this study is to enhance and stabilize the

biolectricity production of SMFC by additional glucose, nutrient broth and Escherichia Coli

(E.coli) as exoelectrogenic bacteria. A number of factors of SMFC performance were first

identified to be preliminary investigated, that are type of electrode, water addition to soil and

distance between anode to cathode. It has been established in this study to use SMFC with

configuration of 9.5 cm in diameter and 15 cm height of plastic container, with the 12 cm

distance between carbon felt of anode and cathode. The electricity produced was measured by

using multimeter in term of voltage reading (mV). From this study, the highest bioelectricity

produced was obtained from SMFC using nutrient broth with maximum voltage of 700 mV.

It has was found that the additional E.Coli bacteria did not increase the bioelectricity

production. The use of E.Coli needed to be combined with nutrient broth in order to achieve

high and stable bioelectricity. It can be suggested that the indigenenous bacteria that exist in

the soils possibly played the role in producing bioelectricity.

Keywords

Microbial Fuel Cell, Soil Microbial Fuel Cell, Bioelectricity, Exoelectrogenic bacteria.

* Corresponding author

Dr Umi Aisah Asli

Address: Innovation Center in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), UTM

Pagoh Research Center, Pagoh Educational Hub, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 6-9742804

Fax: +60 6-9742988

E-mail address: umiaisah@cheme.utm.my

P a g e | 130

Synergistic Antihyperglycemic Effect of Combination Therapy with Gallic

Acid and Andrographolide in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

T. S. Wong1, *

, Hassan Fahmi Ismail1, Zanariah Hashim

1, and Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid

2

1Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala

Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Previous studies had reported on the antidiabetic effect of gallic acid and andrographolide, as

monotherapy, in diabetic rats. However, studies on the combination effect of gallic acid and

andrographolide in treating diabetes are lacking. Hence, the objective of this study was to

investigate the antihyperglycemic activity of combined gallic acid and andrographolide in

streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats compared to single compound treatment. Diabetes was

induced with streptozotocin (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) in male Sprague Dawley rats. After

7 days, all rats were divided into 8 groups as follows: normal control and diabetic control

groups given distilled water, diabetic groups treated with gallic acid (10 or 20 mg/kg),

andrographolide (5 or 10 mg/kg), or both in 2:1 combination ratio of gallic

acid:andrographolide (10:5 or 20:10 mg/kg). All treatments were given orally, once daily for

15 consecutive days. Non-fasting blood glucose, food and water intake were measured

weekly. On day 14, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Our results showed that the

combination treatment of gallic acid and andrographolide synergistically reduced blood

glucose compared to single compound treatment, with higher synergistic effect and favorable

dose reduction at higher combination dose. Furthermore, the combination treatment

significantly improved glucose tolerance, with significantly reduced area under the curve in

diabetic rats. The combination treated diabetic group also demonstrated normalization of their

daily food and water intake. In conclusion, our results indicated that the combination therapy

at 2:1 combination ratio of gallic acid:andrographolide demonstrated synergistic

hypoglycemic activity with favorable dose reduction in experimental diabetic rats.

Keywords

Gallic acid, andrographolide, diabetes, combination therapy, synergy

* Presenting author

Wong Tet Soon

Address: Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and

Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Tel: +60 124755585

E-mail address: daniel_wongts@yahoo.com

P a g e | 131

TRACK 9

OMIC TECHNOLOGIES

P a g e | 132

In Silico Modelling of the Core Catalytic Site of Chitin Deacetylase from

Aspergillus Luchuensis

N. A. H. Ahmad1, F. M. Tap

1, 2, and N. B. A. Khairudin

1,*

1

Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia Japan International Institute of

Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia. 2Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara. 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia.

Abstract

Three-dimensional structure of protein is very important in order to determine the function of

a protein. Experimental method in determination of protein three-dimensional (3D) structure

has been tremendous progress but this has not keep pace with the explosive growth of

sequence information in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Hence, we end up knows many more

protein sequences than protein 3D-structure. In this study, computational method, which is

Homology Modelling, was introduced to overcome this problem. This modelling begin with

identification of template protein, alignment of the target sequence to the template followed

by generation of model, evaluation of the model and finally determination of the catalytic

site. The accuracy of this method is highly depended on the percentage of similarity between

the target and the template protein. In conclusion, computational method is complement with

the experimental structural in predicting the protein structures.

Keywords

Homology modelling, catalytic site, Chitin Deacetylase, structure prediction

* Presenting author

Fatahiya Mohamed Tap

Address: Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia Japan International

Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia

Tel: +60 192260737

E-mail address: fatahiyamohdtap@yahoo.com

P a g e | 133

Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compound from Prawn

Shell Waste and Assessment of its Biochemical Activity in Cancer – Invitro

& Insilico Approach

V. Vanitha*1, M. Jayalakshmi

1, K.V. Bothiraj

1 and K. Rajesh Kumar

1

1Department of Biochemistry, School of Life sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology &

Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract

Prawn shell waste is a highly renewable resource for the recovery of several value added

metabolites with prospective industrial applications. The shell wastes generated from shrimp

processing contain valuable materials such as protein, carotenoids, and chitin. The present

study aims to identify the biological properties of the compound 11-alpha-acetoxykhivorin

isolated from the Penaeus vannamei shells. The antimicrobial activity of the compound

11-alpha-acetoxykhivorin was determined by disc diffusion method against different bacterial

and fungal strains. The results predict that the compound acts as a good antimicrobial agent

against different pathogens in a dose dependent manner. The cytotoxic activity of the

compound was identified by MTT assay against breast cancer cell line (MCF7 cells) at

different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200µg/ml). The results of the study show that

as the concentration increases, there is an increase in the cell growth inhibition and the

highest growth inhibition was found to be 74.41% at 200µg/ml. The compound 11 alpha

acetoxykhivorin and other identified compounds Oleamide, Arecoline, C17 Sphinganine and

Ceramide were subjected to molecular docking against breast cancer defective receptor

(BRCA2). The docking scores of 11 alpha acetoxykhivorin, Oleamide, Arecoline, C17

Sphinganine and Ceramide was found to be -6.83723, -8.70561, -5.73765, -7.50718 and -

7.40095 Kcal/mol respectively. The docking studies confirmed the inhibition of target protein

BRCA2, which shows the anticancer activity of 11 alpha acetoxykhivorin, Oleamide,

Arecoline, C17 Sphinganine and Ceramide. The order of binding energy was Oleamide >

C17 Sphinganine > Ceramide > 11 alpha acetoxykhivorin >Arecoline. These results reveal

that the compound could be a potential source of therapeutic purposes and plays a vital role in

the drug development industry.

Keywords

Shell waste, Penaeus vannamei, Disc diffusion method, MTT assay, Molecular docking,

11-alpha-acetoxykhivorin

* Presenting author

Dr. Vanitha Varadharaj

Department of Biochemistry, School of Life sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology

& Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai-600 117, Tamilnadu, India.

Tel: 9941709668

E-mail address: vanitha.sls@velsuniv.ac.in

P a g e | 134

Dual COX/LOX Inhibition: Screening and Evaluation of the Effect of

Pyroligneous Acid Fractions of Palm Kernel Shell as an Anti-inflammatory

Agents

Z. Rabiu1, *

, Z. A. Zakaria2, and R. Hashim

2

1Faculty of Biomedical Science, Yusuf Maitama Sule University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.

2Institute of Bio-product and Development, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Inflammation is treated using Steroidal (SAIDs) and Non-steroidal (NSAIDs) anti-

inflammatory drugs, these synthetic drugs have various adverse effects, the use of natural

product as an alternative is attaining prominence due to less side effects and immense

therapeutic function. Palm kernel shell biomass can be thermo-chemically converted into

pyrolytic liquid (Pyroligneous acid), which has been found to contain phenols which have

antioxidant activities and potential anti-inflammatory effects, by inhibiting the activity of

inflammatory mediators Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes from the cyclooxygenase and

lipoxygenase pathway respectively. Refined Pyroligneous acid derived from slow pyrolysis

of palm kernel shell, is separated into different fractions using column chromatography. The

fractions are screened for Total Phenolic content using Folin ciocalteau assay and free radical

scavenging activity using (FRAP and DPPH) procedures. Anti-inflammatory activity of

COX and LOX pathways with the screened fractions, is determined using the LOX-5 and

COX-2 assay by ELISA method. The screened fractions were found to have phenolic and

free radical scavenging activity, fractionated samples with higher yield percentage of

phenolic compounds were used in anti-inflammatory determination. Dual inhibition for COX

and LOX enzymes for Fractions 9, 21-25 and 26-30 was identified with IC50 values ranging

from COX enzymes IC50 (17.04% - 48.42%) and LOX with IC50 (5.23% -53.34%). The

findings of the present study indicate the potential for use of various fractions of pyroligneous

palm kernel shell as an anti-inflammatory agents. The anti-inflammatory activities of the

pyroligneous acids can be attributed to their phenolic constituents which have anti-oxidant

and free radical scavenging activities.

Keywords

Palm kernel shell, Pyroligneous acids, Anti-inflammation, COX and LOX.

* Presenting author

Zainab Rabiu

Address: Institute of Bio-product and Development, Faculty of Chemical Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 1111145351

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: lalabrabiu@yahoo.com

P a g e | 135

An Approach towards Efficient Membrane Filtration for Microalgae

Harvesting

N. F. Mohd Khairuddin1, A. Idris

1*

1Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty

Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor , Malaysia

Abstract

Microalgae contain pigments such as chlorophyll and ß-carotene that are found to be useful

as ingredients in human foods. Downstream processing is the key step to obtain the pigments

but before that, harvesting process is required. The purpose of harvesting is to separate the

microalgae cells from its culture media. There are many harvesting methods including

membrane filtration. Besides simple in operation, membrane filtration technology involves no

chemicals, no phase changes but offers complete solid retention. However because of high

flux requirement and high operating and maintenance cost, membrane filtration is not

preferably used for microalgae harvesting. Therefore this review covers recent microalgae

species that have been harvested by membrane filtration and their efficiency. Chlorella

vulgaris, Nannochloropsis Oculata and Scenedesmus sp. are among the species that have

been harvested using membranes. Techniques that can be applied for tailoring membrane

filtration to be a universal harvesting method for all microalgae species are highlighted. With

this in mind, factors such as membrane formulation, types of membrane making process and

process configuration which play significant roles in determining the efficiency of harvesting

will be discussed.

Keywords

Microalgae, harvesting, filtration, membrane, efficiency

* Corresponding author

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Faculty Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Tel: 019-7776054

E-mail address: aniidris@utm.my

P a g e | 136

The Isolation of Phytosterols from Orange Juice using Ultrafiltration

N. H. Abd-Razak1, Y.M. John Chew

2, and M. R. Bird

2*

1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK and

Malaysian Rubber Board, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom

Abstract

This study describes an ultrafiltration process for the isolation of phytosterols from orange

juice. A desirable membrane process rejects proteins whilst transmitting phytosterols and

other low molecular weight compounds such as sugars, leading to a concentration of sterols

in the permeate. Flat sheet membranes were used with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)

values of 10, 30 and 100 kDa fabricated from regenerated cellulose. Orange juice was

selected as a model solution, being a proxy for natural rubber serum, due a similarity in the

profile of phytosterols compounds in both liquors. The effects of three different membranes

upon the rejection of total phytosterols content and antioxidant activity of orange juice were

studied. Total phytosterols analysis was carried out using a Liebermann-Buchard based

method. A 10 kDa regenerated cellulose membrane displayed the highest concentration of

total phytosterols (40 mg/L) and a good separation efficiency (32% rejection towards

phytosterols) from orange juice. 30 kDa and 100 kDa membranes were also tested, and gave

higher rejection ratios of total phytosterols; 74% and 68% respectively, which is both a

counter intuitive result, and a less desirable filtration outcome. It is possible that membranes

with bigger pores are trapping more protein-based foulants or other hydrophilic submicelles

than the small MWCO membrane, leading to an increased rejection of the smaller phytosterol

molecules. The results reported indicate that subject to further development and process

optimisation, ultrafiltration could form the basis of a technically feasible solution for isolating

phytosterols from orange juice.

Keywords

Phytosterols, Orange juice, Ultrafiltration, Fouling

*Corresponding author

Dr Michael R. Bird

Address: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United

Kingdom.

E-mail address: M.R.Bird@bath.ac.uk

P a g e | 137

Antagonistic Activity of Yeasts from Kelor Plant (Moringa oleifera)

as Antagonistic Agents Against Moulds from Chickeen Feed

Aspergillus flavus

Dalia Sukmawati12

, Marsha Hanin Andrianto 1

, Tri Handayani K.1, Elsa Lisanti

1

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri

Jakarta, Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia 2Univeritas Negeri Jakarta Culture Collection (UNJCC), Faculty of Mathematics and

Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Indonesia

Abstract

Aspergillus flavus is produce aflatoxin that frequently contaminates feed. Inhibition of

Aspergillus flavus can be fixed by utilizing biological agents such as phylloplane yeast. The

phylloplane yeast was isolated from the kelor leaf. The purpose of this study was to obtain

potential yeast isolates inhibiting Aspergillus flavus. This research was using the

experimental method. The study was conducted with three stages, which is yeast isolation

(leaf washing and direct method), antagonist test (dual culture method), and identification of

potential yeast using D1 / D2 area 26S rDNA. The isolation result obtained 38 isolates having

peach pigment 60, 5%, cream 10%, and orange 3%, while the non-pigmented yeast was

26,5%. Screening results obtained 12 yeast isolates capable of inhibiting A. flavus. Inhibition

seen from sporulation, growth of colonies, and clear zones in molds. Isolate K10 has the

highest percentage of inhibition when compared with other potentials isolates, reaching 43%.

From this research, there was found a potent phylloplane yeast inhibiting A. flavus, that is

Aureobasidium pullulans (100%), Aureobasidium melanogenum (100%), and Rhodotorula

taiwanensis (99%).

Keywords

Antagonist, Aspergillus flavus, identification, isolation, Moringa oleifera, yeast

* Presenting author

Dr Dalia Sukmawati

Address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas

Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia

Tel: +62 813-1621-8709

E-mail address: Dalia-Sukmawati@unj.ac.id; sukmawatidalia@gmail.com

P a g e | 138

Detection of the Salmonella typhi Bacteria in Contaminated Egg Using

Real-Time PCR to Develop Rapid Detection of Food Poisoning Bacteria

M. Nurjayadi1*

, Y. P. Pertiwi1, N. Islami

1, U.R. Efrianti

1, N. Azizah

1, V. Saamia

2

I.M. Wiranatha2

and L. Natasya3

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri

Jakarta, Gedung KH. Hasjim Asj’ari, 6th Floor, Jl. Rawamangun Muka Jakarta Timur

13220, Indonesia 2 Pusat Laboratorium Forensik Badan Reserse Kriminal Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, Jl.

Kavling Agraria, Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia 3Balai Besar Uji Standar Karantina Pertanian, Jl. Pemuda Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur

13220, Indonesia

Abstract

Salmonella typhi is one of the bacteria that caused food poisoning. As it is known Food

poisoning and Food safety has become an important study with increasing awareness and

attention in the world. Various methods for detecting food poisoning bacteria are still being

developed. The aim of the research is to develop detection of food poisoning bacteria kits

with high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and fast detection through RT-PCR method. The

results showed that the primer pair could amplify fim-C of S. typhi gene DNA fragments at a

template concentration of 56 ng with Ct 14.783 and 14.923. The sensitivity test showed that

the fim-C primer of S. typhi could detect samples at a concentration of 4.528 pg/μL with Ct

23.9. The specificity test shows that the primer can distinguish target and non-target bacteria,

namely Shigella with Ct 27,949 and E. coli with Ct 24.04. Detection of bacteria in infected

eggs to the number of S. typhi bacteria as much as 10-6

CFU was produced Ct 15,736 and

15,895. Based on the results it can be concluded that the development of the detection of S.

typhi in contaminated food was successfully carried out, so that this detection device can be

used for forensic laboratories or food testing laboratories with a small sample number, and

provide specific, sensitive and fast.

Keywords

Food poisoning, Salmonella typhi, Real Time PCR, Rapid kit Detection

* Corresponding author

Dr Muktiningsih Nurjayadi

Address: Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Science Faculty, 13220, Jakarta Timur,

Indonesia

Tel: +62-021- 4894909

Fax: +62-021- 4894909

E-mail address: muktiningsih@unj.ac.id

P a g e | 139

POSTER

PRESENTATIONS

P a g e | 140

Effect of Different Extracting Conditions on Anti-tyrosinase and

Antioxidant Activities of Schizophyllum commune fruitbodies

D. L Abd. Razak1*

, N. Y. Abd. Rashid1, A. Jamaluddin

1, N. H. Mohd Fadzil

1, N. A. Sani

1

and M. Abdul Manan1

1Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and

Development Institute (MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM,

43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Many of natural ingredients possess potent biological properties that can be used to address

skin concerns such as photo-aging and hyperpigmentation. Current trend in cosmetic and

cosmeceutical is the search for edible ingredients with the most effective skin-repairing

actives. Schizophyllum commune is a cultivated edible mushroom known to contain

biologically active compounds beneficial to skin health. However, research on the

development of locally cultivated S. commune as cosmeceutical ingredient is lacking. The

objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the effects of extraction conditions on the

cosmeceutical properties of S. commune extract. Fruitbodies were extracted by using two

different temperatures; 4°C and 30°C at three different extraction time; 1, 12 and 24 hours,

using water as extracting solvent. Anti-pigmentation activity, measured by tyrosinase

inhibition assay, as well as antioxidant activities, were evaluated. Biological components

such as total phenolic, polysaccharide and glucan content were also assessed. The results

revealed that 1-hour extraction time at 4°C and 30°C produced extracts with the strongest

anti-pigmentation effect, with the value of 94.2 and 95.4% respectively. At 4°C, shorter

extraction time yielded better ferric-reducing and DPPH-radical scavenging antioxidant

activities, while results were varied at 30°C. Based on our results, the optimal conditions for

effective cosmeceutical properties in S. commune extract was extraction at 4°C in 1-hour.

Further research on optimization of the extraction method and in-vitro efficacy test using cell

lines should be commenced to thoroughly explore the potentiality of these mushroom extracts

as cosmeceutical agents.

Keywords

Schizophyllum commune, cosmeceutical, anti-pigmentation, antioxidant, extraction

* Corresponding author

Dr Dang Lelamurni Abd. Razak

Address: Enzyme & Fermentation Technology Program, Biotechnology & Nanotechnology

Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research & Development Institute, MARDI

Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Tel: +60 389536115

Fax: +60 389536154

E-mail address: danglela@mardi.gov.my

P a g e | 141

Agri-industrial Residues as Potential Substrates for Enhanced Tannase

Production via Solid-State Fermentation

A. Mansor 1*

, M.S. Ramli 3, N.Y. Abdul. Rashid

1, N. Samad

2, M.N. Lani

4, S. A.

Syarifuddin1, S.K. Mahadi

1 and R.V. Siva Manikam

3

1Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Programme, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology

Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, Selangor. 2 Animal and Aquaculture Feed, Animal Sciences Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters,

Serdang, Selangor. 3Food Science &Technology Programme, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi

MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor. 4 Centre of Knowledge Transfer and Industrial Networks, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,

Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman

Abstract

Tannase, an important enzyme widely used in food, feed, pharmaceutical, beverages, leather

and cosmetic industries, yet its industrial application is still limited owing to its high

production cost. Agri-industrial residues, generally considered as tannin-rich resources can be

exploited as low-cost substrates for tannase production. In this study, selected agri-industrial

residues were evaluated as potential substrates for enhanced tannase production by locally

isolated fungal via solid state fermentation. Among all 4 residues tested, rice bran, a nutrient-

rich substrate with slight tannin content, showed highest tannase activity during the solid-

state fermentation. This followed by spent coffee ground, brewer’s rice and dessicated

coconut residue. Spent coffee ground which contain highest tannin content (155 mg/g

tannin), on the other hand showed very low glucosamine content. This indicates that high

tannin content in spent coffee showed adverse effect towards fungal growth. Incorporation of

small amount of spent coffee ground (0.5% TAE) into rice bran had successfully increased

tannase production by 3-fold with 260.39 U/gdw, in comparison to rice bran used as single

(144.7 U/g) or in the addition of tannic acid (84.80 U/gdw) as inducer. A combination of rice

bran with brewer’s rice had enhanced fungal growth due to higher carbohydrate content in

brewer’s rice, but did not improved further in tannase production. In conclusion, exploitation

of nutrient and tannin-rich agri-industrial residues such as rice bran and spent coffee ground

had enhanced tannase activity, thus, have the potential as cost-effective substrates for

industrial tannase production.

Keywords

agri-industrial residues, tannase, tannin-rich, substrate, solid state fermentation

* Corresponding author

Dr Azlina Binti Mansor

Address: Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Programme, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research

Centre, MARDI Headquarters, 43400 Serdang, Selangor.

Tel: +60 38953614

Fax: +60 389536154

E-mail address: dikna@mardi.gov.my

P a g e | 142

Effects of Organic Solvent and Temperature on the Extraction of Lutein

from Scenedesmus sp Biomass

K. L. Low1, and A. Idris

1*

1Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Department of Bioprocess and Polymer

Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310, Johor Bahru, Johor , Malaysia

Abstract

Lutein is a valuable bioactive compound that has various industrial applications. In nature,

lutein is a yellow coloured isoprenoid polyene pigment, being produced by many

photosynthetic organisms. By using Scenedesmus sp as the studied organism, this study aims

to investigate the efficiency of microalgae-derived lutein extraction process. Repetitive

solvent extraction method had been examined with 4 different organic solvents under

different treatment temperatures for their lutein extraction effectiveness. Results showed that

diethyl ether is the most effective organic solvent to extract lutein as compared to acetone,

ethanol and dichloromethane. Under the extraction temperature of 60oC, diethyl ether was

able to extract a total of 14.61±0.31 mg/g of lutein from microalgae biomass. All the studied

extraction treatments showed that lutein content in the extractants decreased as the number of

extraction repetitions increased. By increasing the extraction repetition to 7 cycles using

diethyl ether, treatment temperature at 60°C resulted in a total of 16.07±0.26 mg/g of lutein

being extracted. Higher extraction treatment temperature provides sufficient energy required

for the extraction process, thus increasing the overall extraction performance.

Keywords

Microalgae; Scenedesmus sp; Organic Solvent Extraction; and Temperature.

* Corresponding author

Prof. Ir. Dr. Ani Idris

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Department of Bioprocess and Polymer

Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM),

81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MALAYSIA

Tel: +60 75531988

Fax: +60 75588166

E-mail address: ani@cheme.utm.my

P a g e | 143

Evaluation of Ocimum gratissimum Extract and Antibacterial Study against

Corynebacterium jeikeium and Staphylococcus epidermidis

F. A. Rasit1, R. Hasham

1*, and M. M. Said

2

1

Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru,

Johor Darul Takzim 2

Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

To determine the suitable Soxhlet extraction parameters (time, solvent type and ratio sample-

to-solvent) for further optimization study. To evaluate the efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum

extract against selected skin flora (Corynebacterium jeikeium and Staphylococcus

epidermidis) with minimum inhibitory concentration. The extraction process was done by

Soxhlet extraction. D-optimal design have been chosen with three variables and three levels

were used. The variables evaluated were extraction time (h), solvent type (water, methanol

and ethanol) and ratio sample-to-solvent (g/ml). It was observed that high yield of Ocimum

gratissimum extract with ethanol solvent within 6 hours of extraction and using ratio 10 gram

to 500 ml of ethanol. The efficacy of its antibacterial activity was conducted with MIC and it

shows moderate efficacy. It was concluded that the potential phytochemical compound of O.

gratissimum is contained in ethanol extract.

Keywords

Antibacterial, D-optimal, Kemangi, Ocimum gratissimum

* Corresponding author

Dr. Rosnani Hasham @ Hisam

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor

Bahru, Johor, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 7 – 553 1989

E-mail address: rosnani@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 144

Phytochemical Characterization Mitragyna speciosa (Ketum) after Treated

with Precursor and Elicitor

Atiqah Saifuzzaman1, Muhammad Hafiz Che Othman

1*, Ismanizan Ismail

2

1Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,

Selangor. 2Institute of System Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor,

Malaysia.

Abstract

Mitragyna speciosa (M. speciosa) or known as Ketum in Malaysia is a psychoactive plant

that gives a stimulating effect and opioid-like analgesic effects following its usage doses by

an individual. In Asian country like Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand, Ketum is traditionally

used by local to combat fatigue, managing pain and opioid withdrawal due to its psychoactive

activity. The objective of my research was to do metabolite profiling of an interesting

compound that found in the leaves of Ketum after being treated with some elicitors, which

are known as tryptophan and yeast extract that are believe will help to induce the production

of this metabolite for medicinal purpose. The leaf extraction was carried out using methanol

extraction was performed by using preparative HPLC, and the active fraction was subjected

to LC-MS for profile analysis using online software. A total of 43 compounds shows

significant result when leaves-treated being compared to the non-treated leaves. This works

reveals number of bioactive compounds that are expressed by applied elicitors, tryptophan

and yeast extract when compared to the control leaves.

Keywords

Mitragyna speciosa, Ketum, tryptophan, yeast extract, LCMS

* Corresponding author

Muhammad Hafiz Che Othman

Address: Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi,

Selangor, Malaysia

Tel: +603 89213297 ext: 3297

E-mail address: hafiz87@ukm.edu.my

P a g e | 145

Bioprocess Optimization for the Polysaccharide Production by

Sinorhizobium meliloti

Khairun Hani Natasya Zakaria1, Daniel Joe Dailin

1,2, Roslinda Abd Malek

1, Charles Then

3,

Tony Peng3, Nur Alina Nasruddin

1, Solleh Ramli

1, Kugan Kumar Ambehabati

1,2, Dalia

Sukmawati4,Hesham El Enshasy

1,2,5*,

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru,

MALAYSIA. 2 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, MALAYSIA. 3 PLO 650, Jalan Keluli 7, Pasir Gudang Industrial Estate,81700 Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia.

4 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasyim Ashari Building

9Floor Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Java. Indonesia, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, INDONESIA 5 City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, EGYPT

Abstract

Sinorhizobium meliloti is a nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium which is able to establishing a symbiotic

relationship by an exchange of signal between bacteria and plant host legumes by producing

polysaccharides. The production of polysaccharide by the bacteria was developed into useful products

by all the researchers around the world for example xanthan gum and gellan gum and pullulan. The

present work aims to increase biomass and maximize production of polysaccharides through the

optimization of medium composition and production in shake flask and semi scale bioreactor.

Medium components had profound effect on studied parameters. Among the four medium

composition used for cultivation S. meliloti, the best carbon source which gives maximum biomass

growth and polysaccharide production was mannitol. This medium produced biomass of 0.170 g/L

higher compared to medium supplemented with glucose. Production of polysaccharides also

significantly increased up to 0.320 g/L by the presence of acetate in the production medium.

Furthermore, the kinetics of cell growth and polysaccharide production in the batch culture was

investigated in 16-L scale bioreactor using different aeration rates 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 vvm in order to

produce high yield of products. The maximal polysaccharide yield coefficient was 0.201 g/g at 0.5

vvm aeration rate. In conclusion, growth performance and polysaccharide production of S. meliloti

could be improved by adding acetate..

Keywords

Sinorhizobium meliloti, nitrogen-fixing bacterium, polysaccharide production, bioreactor cultivation,

batch fermentation

* Corresponding author

Prof Dr rer Nat Hesham El Enshasy

Address: School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor

, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 75532595

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 146

Soy Peptide Hydrolysis by Probiotic Microorganisms to Improve the Antioxidant and

Functional Properties

Ho Chin Keat1, Noorazwani Zainol

1, Roslinda Abd Malek

1, Siti Zulaiha Hanapi

1, Wong Mun

Leong2, Teo Chee Loong

2, Wong Twee Juan

2, Hesham A. El Enshasy

1,3,4

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor

Bahru, MALAYSIA.

(E-mail: jared_ho@live.com, azwani@ibd.utm.my, roslinda@ibd.utm.my,

zulaiha@ibd.utm.my) 2 Master Natural Herbal Sdn. Bhd., Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia.

3 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, MALAYSIA. 4 City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria,

EGYPT.

(E-mail: henshasy@ibd.utm.my).

Abstract

The increase in the prevalence of functional food products containing probiotic and prebiotic

has become a major public health concern. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptide

products are emerging as promising candidates addressing this issue. Soy oligopeptides are

widely used as nutritional and functional food ingredients with high nutritional value. The

aim of this study is to investigate the functional properties and symbiotic effects of probiotic

bacteria and yeast. Therefore, the effects of inulin or soy peptides (when used in separate or

combination) on the growth kinetics of probiotic bacteria and yeast was examined.

Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and 1 strain of

probiotic yeast was determined by ABTS assay and total phenolic content. Increased of the

antioxidant level and total phenolic content was observed using separate or a combination of

inulin or soy peptides supplemented media compared to soy protein isolate supplemented

media. Anti-inflammatory properties also determined by anti-lipoxygenase and the anti-

hyaluronidase assay. The highest lipoxygenase activity of 50.20% was found with

Lactobacillus acidophilus which supplemented with soy peptides whereas 4% was found

with Saccharomyces boulardii . In conclusion, fermentative digestion of soy peptide by

L.acidophilus is able to produce high antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects.

Keywords

Probiotic, Soy Peptide, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, ABTS, Lactobacillus

* Corresponding author

Prof Dr rer Nat Hesham El Enshasy

Address: School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor

, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 75532595

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

P a g e | 147

Efficient cultivation of Kluyveromyces lactis in high cell density culture in

fed batch cultivation system

Mohd Shafiq Mohd Sueb1,2

, Aelia Insyeera Binti Mohd Hishamuddin1, Daniel Joe Dailin

1,3,

Roslinda Abd Malek1, Solleh Ramli

1, Hesham El Enshasy

1,2,4*,

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor

Bahru, MALAYSIA. 2 Fakulti Kejuruteraan Kimia dan Sumber Asli, Universiti Malaysia

Pahang,26600,Pekan,Pahang 3 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, MALAYSIA. 4 City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria,

EGYPT.

Abstract

Kluyveromyces lactis is a milk yeast that act as producer of β-galactosidase that been used as

a host protein production in industrial process that has been accredited with GRAS (generally

regarded as safe) by FDA due to its capability to be used in feed and food application. High

Cell Dencity Cultivation (HCDC) being used in manufacturing of K. lactis in order to

improve the microbial mass and product formation of the probiotic yeast. Furthermore, the

fed batch cultivation has been identified to yield more biomass production as well prevent the

substrate limiting factor that inhibit the cell growth. In this study, there are two cultivation

process being examined which are batch and fed-batch cultivation that result in further study

of fed-batch cultivation for the optimization of the cell growth by determining the aeration

effect and dissolved oxygen (DO). It was investigated that 1.0 v/v/inin aeration rate gave

relatively high cell dry weight, CDW, 18.6 gL whereas the results from DO stat value of 60%

showed substantial increment with CDW of 28.7 gL. Besides, for the fed-batch study,

constant feeding rate strategy has been applied with two different feeding substrates which

are complete media and mono-lactose. The CDW harvested for complete media had showed

remarkable result, 59.75 gL as compared to CDW produced from lactose as a sole feeding

substrate, 44.75 gL

Keywords

Kluyveromyces lactis, High cell density, Fed Batch, bioreactor cultivation, batch fermentation

* Corresponding author

Prof Dr rer Nat Hesham El Enshasy

Address: School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor

, Malaysia)

Tel: +60 75532595

Fax: +60 75532596

E-mail address: henshasy@ibd.utm.my

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Effect of Solvent on the Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Linoleic

Acid from Hibiscus cannabinus Seed

R. Muda1 and A.A. Aziz

1,2*

1 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Jalan

Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rohaizamuda@ibd.utm.my 2 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. azila@ibd.utm.my

Abstract

Kenaf or Hibiscus Cannabinus is a plant in the Malvaceae family which originates from

Africa and India. Kenaf seed oil (KSO) has been reported to contain high antioxidant activity

and high linoleic acid concentration which make it suitable to be applied in cosmetic

formulations. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of solvent on the

extraction of phenolic compounds and linoleic acid from kenaf seed. KSO was extracted

using 100% hexane, chloroform, methanol and ethanol. Total phenolic content (TPC), total

flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of KSO were determined

spectrophotometrically using Folin Ciocalteu’s reagent, aluminium chloride colorimetric

assay and DPPH respectively. Linoleic acid content of the KSO was measured using HPLC.

The oil yield was in the range of 17.5 – 21.3%. The highest oil yield (21.3%) was obtained

when kenaf seed was extracted using hexane. Total phenolic content of KSO was

approximately 0.27 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per mg of oil for all solvents. The

flavonoid content was in the range of 0.11 – 0.14 mg quecertin (QUE) equivalent per gram

oil with methanol extract showing the highest flavonoid content of 0.143 mg QUE/g oil. The

DPPH scavenging ability showed KSO extracted using methanol and ethanol give high

inhibition of 131.2±2.9% and 128.4±3.7% respectively. The content of linoleic acid in KSO

extracted using ethanol was found to be the highest, followed by methanol, hexane and

chloroform. The results obtained showed that KSO extracted using all solvent has the

potential to be utilized in cosmetic formulation.

Keywords

Kenaf seed oil, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant, linoleic acid

* Corresponding author

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azila Abd Aziz

Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor,

Malaysia)

Tel: +60 356154406

E-mail address: azila @ibd.utm.my

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Labisia pumila Encapsulated in Flexible Liposomes Induces Collagen

Synthesis in Full Thickness Reconstructed Skin (RHS)

R. Nur Zatul Iradah1 and A. A. Azila*

1, 2

1Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering,

Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim. 2Institute of Bioproduct Development, Block M4, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia International

Campus, 54100 Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur.

E-mail: zatulroslan@gmail.com, azila@ibd.utm.my

Abstract

Skin aging may occur through reduction in dermal mast cell, fibroblast and collagen

production. Labisia pumila extract contained estrogen – liked substituent which is believed to

be involved in collagen synthesis. In this work, to ensure that L. pumila was delivered to the

intended site, it was encapsulated in flexible liposomes. A modified full thickness

Reconstructed Human Skin (RHS) obtained from Tissue Engineering Centre, UKM was

utilized to study the effectiveness of the delivery system. The skin consisted of epidermis

(keratinocytes) and dermis (fibroblast), topped off with a layer of stratum corneum obtained

from cadaver. Sircol collagen assay was used to measure collagen synthesis in RHS.

Different concentration of encapsulated and unencapsulated L. pumila were applied to the

RHS. Both unencapsulated and encapsulated L. pumila induced collagen synthesis in RHS

dose dependently. At all doses, encapsulated L. pumila resulted in almost 2000 fold increase

in collagen content of the RHS whereas, unencapsulated L. pumila resulted in only

approximately 100 fold increase in collagen content of the RHS. The results showed that L.

pumila extract can induce collagen synthesis in skin and encapsulation of the extract in

flexible liposomes dramatically improved the rate of collagen synthesis in RHS.

Keywords

Labisia pumila, collagen synthesis, flexible liposomes, reconstructed human skin and

encapsulation

* Corresponding author

Assoc Prof Dr Azila Abd. Aziz

Address: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Block M4, Univerisiti Teknologi Malaysia

International Campus, 54100 Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur.

Tel: +60 326154406

E-mail address: azila@ibd.utm.my

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Clinical Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, Antioxidant Potential and

Phytochemical Profile of Vernonia oligocephala (DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Walp

Roots

Waqas Mahmooda, Hammad Saleem

b,c,*, Irshad Ahmad

a, Gokhan Zengin

d, Fawzi M

Mahmoodallye*

, Nafees Ahemadc

a Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100,

Pakistan (waqasmahmoodpharmacist@gmail.com) (drirshad.iub@gmail.com)

b

Institute of pharmaceutical sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

(UVAS), Lahore, 54000, Pakistan (hammad.saleem@uvas.edu.pk)

c

School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway

Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia (hammad.saleem@monash.edu) d

Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, 42250 Konya, Turkey

(gokhanzengin@selcuk.edu.tr) e

Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit,

Mauritius (f.mahomoodally@uom.ac.mu)

Abstract

We investigated into the different solvent extracts (methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate,

n-hexane and n-butanol) of Vernonia oligocepha (DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Walp roots for their

phytochemical composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition potential. Phytochemical

analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and phenolics as secondary

metabolites. Methanol extract exhibited the highest phenolic (113.11±1.2 mg GAE/g) and

flavonoid (97.35±0.19 mg QE/g) contents as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power

(71.92± 0.43 GAE/g). The ethyl acetate extract exhibited maximum DPPH (IC50; 39.11±0.19

µg/mL), total antioxidant capacity (73.07±1.06 mg GAE/g) and urease inhibition (IC50;

55.89±0.04 µg/mL). The n-hexane fraction was most active against cholinesterases. All

extracts showed least activity against tyrosinase and lipoxygenase (except butanol fraction,

IC50: 132.21±0.22 µg/mL). This study showed that V. oligocephala is a potent inhibitor of

key enzymes with antioxidant potential.

Key words

Vernonia oligocephala, roots, phytochemical, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition

* Corresponding authors

Prof. Dr. Fawzi Mahomoodally

Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius

Email: f.mahomoodally@uom.ac.mu

Hammad Saleem

School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Selangor

Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Email: hammad.saleem@monash.edu

Tel: +60 1136887475

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Nutraceuticals Derived from Seed Storage Proteins: Implications for

Health Wellness

Ashutosh Kumar1, Dinesh K. Agarwal

1, Sunil Kumar

2, Y. Mohan Reddy

3, Anjani Devi

Chintagunta4, K.V.Saritha

3, S.P. Jeevan Kumar

1*

1ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, India- 275103

2ICAR- National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganism, Mau, India 275103

3Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India 517502

4Department of Biotechnology, Vignan`s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research,

Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India- 522213, India.

*Email: jeevaniitkgp@gmail.com

Abstract

Seed storage proteins are major source of proteins because of readily available bioactive

peptides. These peptides are fragments of a protein, which show positive implications on

human beings. It has gained wide importance owing to its several health benefits such as ,

antimicrobial, antiviral and antifungal activities. In plants the bioactive peptides are

ubiquitous in distribution, which serves as a part of innate response upon elicitation. In

addition, the bioactive peptides derived from plant source have structural similarity with the

insect and animal sources. In most of the cases, the bioactive peptides starts by binding the

target membrane that results into permeabilization followed by rupture of the membrane.

Recent findings of the antiviral and antimicrobial nature of peptides imply that they have

potent applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Bioactive peptides with

antiviral properties have been promising because of low cost and affordability. Further, these

proteins can be incorporated into the packaging material that enhances the shelf life of food.

In this review, scope of bioactive peptides and their potent applications for health as well as

food industry have been elucidated, which is paramount for further research.

Keywords: Bioactive peptides, Antimicrobial peptides, Angiotensin converting enzyme-II,

Anti-viral, Anti-fungal, Anti- tumor activity

*Corresponding author

S.P. Jeevan Kumar

Seed Molecular Biology

ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science,

Kushmaur, Mau (Uttar Pradesh) India - 275103

Phone: +91-547-2530326

Telefax: +91-5472530325

Email-ID: jeevanicar@gmail.com

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Thank you to all sponsors:

JRC Venture

IKA Works Asia Sdn Bhd

Personal Formula Resources

Nature Essence Industries Enterprise

Grace Cosmetics Industries Sdn Bhd

Inno Lab Engineering Sdn Bhd

Bio-Pro Resources Sdn Bhd

JB Gifts and Souvenir

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Notes

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Notes

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