professor isam shahrour summer course « smart and sustainable city » chapter 6 “smart...
DESCRIPTION
This lecture presents the Smart Building Concept. It includes a presentation of The buildings challenges, the Smart Building concept and a demonstration pilot for smart social housing conducted within a partnership University Lille1and Lille Metrople Habitat – France.TRANSCRIPT
Sustainable and Smart City : AUST Summer Course
Chapter 6 : Smart Building
Professor Isam SHAHROUR Isam.shahrour@univ-‐lille1.fr
Ø Challenges of buildings Ø Smart Building Ø Pilot Building (social housing)
Global challenges
• Energy Consump<on • Greenhouse emission
• Buildings consume 32% of the total final energy.
• In terms of primary energy, buildings consume around 40% in most IEA countries.
Energy consumpHon
Building energy consumpHon
Transport
Industry
Buildings
Tokyo (2005)
Mexico (2006)
London (1999)
Shanghai (2007)
Building energy consumpHon
Commercial and industrial buildings use roughly 50% of the energy in the U.S (cost over $400 billion)
United States
US Buildings Ini<a<ve : make commercial and industrial buildings 20% more energy efficient over the next 10 years and accelerate the private sector investment in energy efficiency.
US Energy use
Energy consumpHon -‐ Ile de France (Paris) Buildings : around 59%
Energy consumpHon in buildings (Ile de France (Paris) HeaHng & hot water: around 82%
Greenhouse emission (Ile de France (Paris) Buildings : around 50%
Electrical ConsumpHon – France Buildings 65%
London : Carbon dioxide emissions (2006) Source Great London Authority (2007
Buildings : 71 %
Berkeley Greenhouse emission (2011) Buildings 45 %
80% (France)
Poor quality buildings
Quality of construcHon -‐ France
Lebanon
Lebanon : EvoluHon of the energy consumpHon
Lebanon : EvoluHon of the electricity consumpHon
Residen<al
Wholesale and retail
Hotel
Hot water
LighHng
Lebanon : Energy consumpHon by building sector
• Health • Customized
services
• Comfort • Savings (energy, water,…) • Security • Maintenance • Space management • Flexibility
Building users challenges 80 to 90% of users Hme indoor
Comfort : -‐ Temperature -‐ Humidity -‐ Air quality -‐ Ligh<ng -‐ Noise
1. Building quality Improve the quality of construc<on( low energy consump<on, posi<ve energy) : • Architecture design • Insula<on, stores • Renewable energy • Building equipment (Hea<ng, cooling,
ven<la<on, ligh<ng, energy storage) • Use of ICT (smart,…) for the building
management
How to do :
New construc<on : regula<on, incen<ve, life cycle cost,…(about 20% addi<onal cost)
Exis<ng construc<on :heavy renova<on to achieve high energy efficiency , incen<ve , life cycle cost,…(about 20% addi<onal cost)
1. Building quality How to do :
2 : Use of ICT for the building performances
1. Reduce the consump<on (energy, water,…)
2. Increase the security 3. Control the health quality 4. Provide customized services
How to do :
• Heat/cooling regula<on (based on monitoring and usage) at different scales
• Light regula<on (based on presence and natural light)
• Store management (heat transfer, ligh<ng) • Storage of energy (hot water, ba`ery, building
thermal iner<a)
Reduce the energy consumpHon :
Space management : • Op<miza<on of the space use • Geo-‐localiza<on in the building (presence,
density, hea<ng control, emergency,…) • Virtual office
Customized service : • Specific medical or assistance service
(aged people,….) • Surveillance • Access to external services
Ø Challenges of buildings Ø Smart Building Ø Pilot Building (social housing)
An intelligent building was first used in the US in the early 80’s.
DefiniHon by the Intelligent Building InsHtuHon in Washington: An intelligent building is one which integrates various systems to effecHvely manage resources in a coordinated mode to maximize: • Technical performance; • Flexibility • Investment and opera<ng cost savings
More recently CIB Working Group W98 on Intelligent and Responsive Buildings stated: An intelligent building is a dynamic and responsive architecture that provides every occupant with produc<ve, cost effec<ve and environmentally approved condi<ons through a con<nuous interac<on among its four basic elements: • Places (fabric; structure; facili<es): • Processes (automa<on, control; systems): • People (services; users) • Management (maintenance; performance) and
the interrela<on between them.
What can we expect of such a building? • Improved interac<on between building systems and building users • A building that can detect its state make self-‐adjustments • Providing a healthier and more comfortable environment • Enhancement of the long-‐term economic performance
What can we expect of such a building? • Reduces energy and resource usage • Leverages renewable energy technologies • Improves indoor air quality • Allows for easier maintenance and longer lifespan
Smart Sensors – monitroring
h`p://www.digikey.com/es/ar<cles/techzone/2012/jan/wireless-‐technology-‐for-‐home-‐automa<on-‐can-‐save-‐energy
From point-‐to-‐point to complex network topologies,
Electrical ConsumpHon Counter
h`p://powerelectronics.com/alterna<ve-‐energy/smart-‐grid-‐ushers-‐new-‐era-‐energy-‐conserva<on
Electrical ConsumpHon
ConstrucHon of the smart building
Various commercial offers (architectures) depending on the services and priori<es: savings, comfort, health, security, customized services,..
h`p://www.electronicproducts.com/Analog_Mixed_Signal_ICs/Sensors/Renesas_Solu<ons_for_Wireless_Networks_-‐_Part_3_Energy_Harves<ng.aspx
h`p://commercialrealestateadvisor.com/cre-‐innova<on-‐blog/
Building AutomaHon System (BAS) ·∙ Control and manage all electronic environment ·∙ Reduce op<mizing electricity consump<on ·∙ Integrated gadget and mobile phone ·∙ Anywhere, any<me to access electrical at home
h`p://www.centrin.net.id/new/solu<on/smart-‐building.html
h`p://ubiquitouscompu<ngdtc375.blogspot.com/2012/03/ubiquitous-‐compu<ng-‐and-‐elderly-‐sara.html
Smart Building for “aged” people
h`p://ubiquitouscompu<ngdtc375.blogspot.com/2012/03/ubiquitous-‐compu<ng-‐and-‐elderly-‐sara.html
An example : 6:55am -‐ Grandma lej bed 6:57am -‐ Bathroom door closed, pressure sensor ac<vated on toilet 6:58am -‐ Bathroom sink water sensor on 6:58am -‐ Bathroom sink water sensor off etc.
Ø Challenges of buildings Ø Smart Building Ø Pilot Building (social housing)
Smart system for social housing
Valen=n Collot, Ammar Aljer, Romain Tribout Isam Shahrour, Afif Benyahya
Smart system for social housing Partnership: Lille Métropole Habitat
1) SpecificaHons
ConsumpHon: Ø electricity Ø hea<ng Ø cold water Ø hot water
Comfort parameters: Ø temperature Ø humidity Ø Air quality Ø Lightening Ø Noise
1) SpecificaHons
Other parameters: • Occupancy • The doors and windows state (open/close) • Ven<la<on • fire alarm
2) Command • Electrical appliances • Stores • Radiators • Ven<la<on • Water flows
1) SpecificaHons
Provide using a local CPU: • Communica<on with sensors and actuators • Data storage • Local data analysis • Control according to programmed scenarios • Communica<on of data to users via various support (mobile, table`e,…)
• Alarms
1) SpecificaHons
Possibility for remote connecHon: Ø Access to personal data. Ø Remote control Ø Store data
1) SpecificaHons
Possibility of data share • Comparison • Good prac<ce
1) SpecificaHons
1) Cahier des Charges
5) Open source and friendly plaiorm • Open source sojware • Integra<on of commercial sensors, actuators,… • Low energy consump<on • Friendly users’ interface • Ease installa<on
2)Smart system configuraHon
Temperature
Sensor 1
Sensor2
Sensor 3
Command
radiator
Outlet
T = 19° H = 45% T = 19°
H = 45% Quality = A
T = 19° H = 45%
T = 19° H = 45%
19:35 T = 19° H = 45%
ConsumpHon • Electricity • Cold water • Hot Water • Gaz
Real Hme Historical Command Alarm Analyses
2) Users interface Freindly Interface
Analyse
Chauffage
Analyse
Modifier
Début
Année 2014
Mois Fev
Jour 11
Heure 10:30
Modifier
Fin
Année 2014
Mois Fev
Jour 12
Heure 10:30
4) InstallaHon dans l’appartement pédagogique:
Temperature / Humidity Indoor Air Quality brightness presence
Electric consump<on
Appartement pédagogique:
Temperature
17
17,5
18
18,5
19
19,5
20
20,5
21
21,5
22
0:03
2:37
5:12
7:47
10:21
12:56
15:31
18:05
20:40
23:15
2:20
4:55
7:30
10:04
12:39
15:14
17:49
20:23
22:58
2:18
4:53
7:27
10:02
12:37
15:11
17:46
20:21
22:55
2:01
4:36
7:10
9:45
12:20
14:55
17:29
20:04
22:39
1:44
4:19
6:54
9:29
12:03
14:38
17:13
19:47
22:22
Température Séjour Température Ch2 / Bureau [°C]
29/01/2014 30/01/2014 31/01/2014 01/02/2014 02/02/2014
Humidity
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
0:03
2:37
5:12
7:47
10:21
12:56
15:31
18:05
20:40
23:15
2:20
4:55
7:30
10:04
12:39
15:14
17:49
20:23
22:58
2:18
4:53
7:27
10:02
12:37
15:11
17:46
20:21
22:55
2:01
4:36
7:10
9:45
12:20
14:55
17:29
20:04
22:39
1:44
4:19
6:54
9:29
12:03
14:38
17:13
19:47
22:22
Humidité Séjour [%] Humidité Ch2 / Bureau [%] [%]
29/01/2014 30/01/2014 31/01/2014 01/02/2014 02/02/2014
Un signal analogique calcul la concentra<on de l’ensemble des gaz toxiques détectés pour échelonner la qualité de l’air. Le capteur détecte plusieurs sortes de gaz.
Air quality
60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110
0:24
2:04
3:44
5:24
7:04
8:44
10:24
12:05
13:45
15:25
17:05
18:45
20:25
22:05
23:45
1:44
3:24
5:04
6:44
8:24
10:04
11:44
13:25
15:05
16:45
18:25
20:05
21:45
23:25
1:24
3:04
4:44
6:24
8:04
9:44
11:24
13:05
14:45
16:25
Qualité d'air du séjour
0 -‐200 : Air frais 200 – 400 : Air peu pollué 400 – 600 : Air Pollué 600 – 800 : Air très pollué
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1065000
1065500
1066000
1066500
1067000
1067500
1068000
1068500
1069000
1069500
1070000
0:04
1:24
2:44
4:04
5:24
6:44
8:04
9:24
10:44
12:04
13:24
14:44
16:04
17:24
18:44
20:04
21:24
22:44
0:04
1:24
2:44
4:04
5:24
6:44
8:04
9:24
10:44
12:04
13:24
14:44
16:04
17:24
18:44
20:04
21:24
22:44
0:04
1:24
2:44
4:04
5:24
6:44
8:04
9:24
10:44
12:03
13:23
Index [Wh] Puissance Apparente [VA]
ConsommaHon électrique
[Wh] [VA]
12/02/2014 13/02/2014 14/02/2014