prof. dr. christine kohlert

Agenda

Space MattersProf. Dr. Christine Kohlert

Prof. Dr. Christine Kohlert

CampusAnalystTowards a spatial benchmarking system for university campuses A case study of the university Hamm-Lippstadt

Santiago de Chile – Space Syntax Symposium 8 January 2012

rheform GmbHProf. Dr. Christine Kohlert

Holistic planning process for lively universities

University planning


Patterns in behaviour change

The internet affects our perception of space and time New learning methods evolve, which are based on new

ways of acquiring knowledge Demographic change of the population Lifelong learning Financial context changes,

higher level of competition, pressure on resources

The role of public buildings in the community changes, higher participation

Mixture of life, learning and leisure

University planning

4

In this context it is no longer enough to provide any university spaces

As a growing challenge it is important, to create a consistent environment

An holistic concept is necessary to generate places for essential and inspiring communication and to make sure the required work / study can be done in the right environment

Thereby space has a crucial role

most important the right in-between space

… the right space

University planning


Contact/exchange

Cooperation

Time between activities

Transfer between different areas, exchange between departments

Work, eat, talk, rest

Natural traffic areas change, ad hoc they could become workspaces

In-between space

In-between spaces

University planning


Integral planning approach Holistic method - Connection and linking of all processes

Structural base

HSEP

NQM

FMQ

PPD

Preliminary design

DesignCommunication / Project ManagementDefinition of project goalsfunction, form, time, costs

Completion

• Functional and creative requirements

Structural base Function scheme Space scheme

Structural requirements Analysis space schemes Constructional planning building structure Efficiency Cost fixation Sustainability

method


Requirement Planning Continuous support of our clients to strengthen user and operator

Investment and operational costsMio €

Decision Planning Execution Operation

t

Project information

Cost influence

Project profile definiton

Development planning

Competition management

User and Quality management FM - Qualification

method

Equipment and furniture planning


Tools for active user involvement

Space Syntax in the planning process


Key IssuesProblems in University Locational Development Strategies


Urban fabric Way finding Movement Communication

Street SegmentAnalysis

Campus StructureAnalysis

Agent Analysis Visibility GraphAnalysis


Goal for the new universities in Hamm and in Lippstadt

Integration of the campus in the urban fabric

Linkages between different disciplines to increase change encounter and encourage informal communication

Flexibility and variability of the building structure



Question: connection to town center, station and industries

Catchment area – red = 400m blue > 6km

Space Syntax in the planning process – Road/StreetSegment Analysis – metric distance

Campus

Town Centre

Station

Motorway

Motorway

Industry

Industry

Industry

Industry

IndustryTown Centre

Station

Motorway A44

Campus

Hamm LippstadtA2

River Lippe

River Lippe


Goal: good connection to town center, station and surrounding industries

Space Syntax in the planning process – Road/Street Segment Analysis – metric distance

Campus

Town Centre

Station

Motorway

Motorway

Industry

Industry

Industry

Industry

IndustryTown Centre

Station

Motorway A44

Campus

Hamm LippstadtA2

River Lippe

River Lippe

1,5 km east of town centercenter + train station can be reached (car) in 5 minstrong link to industries (7-10 km)

closer to town 1kmtown smaller, campus closer to center + station

Both campus are located equally well within urbanised area, the city center + industriesThere is a good potential for extension close to attractors

as well as to industries (1 to 5 km)

Hamm Lippstadt


Question: Integration values of Hamm and Lippstadt

Hamm Lippstadt

Campus

B1B55

B55

A2

B63

B63

B61

Campus

Town Centre

Town Centre

Hamm Lippstadt

River Lippe

River Lippe

Space Syntax in the planning process - RoadSegment Analysis – global integration


Goal: Integration to streets / towncity center is very well integratednorth-south and east-west links crossmore anchor university close to city

Campus

B1B55

B55

A2

B63

B63

B61

Campus

Town Centre

Town Centre

Hamm Lippstadt

River Lippe

River Lippe

Space Syntax in the planning process - RoadSegment Analysis – global integration

medival city center, pedestrian area, blocked for carstraffic shift to the east integration north/south axistown center disconnected by parccampus connected to highway but disconnected to town

In comparison the Hamm campus is more an integral part of town, an anchor university.The Lippstadt campus is more independent, not so much an urban catalyst.Hamm campus is on a secondary road part of the urban grid, while Lippstadt campus is on a global link and more accessible than the town center.


Spatial structure of the campusMedival structure, crossroad, close to bridgeurban extension: grid structure in the southhighest integration at transition

new development axis: campus – court - station

Space Syntax in the planning process - Street Segment Analysis – local integration

Hamm Lippstadt

Soeststr. Esbecker Str.

Cappellstr.

Lange Str.

Klosterstr..Station

Weststr.Oststr.

Ostenallee

Nordstr.

Goe

thes

tr.

Marker Allee

Campus

Campus

Station

Hansastr.

Rixbecker Str.

Süde

rtor

Beckumer Str.

Südenstr.

Alleestr.

Court

highest integration

Historic core less integrated in surroundingcampus separated at secondary east-west routelinks with station + commercial area,but bypasses the town

Axis separetedIn front of station

Axis bypasses town

Hamm is in more favourable location in terms of the urban structure, combining local and global accessibility, while Lippstadt is good globally but lacks local integration.


Campus Structure Analysis

Space Syntax in the planning process - Micro analysis – closeness, centrality and hierarchy

Library

Info

Institutes

Auditorium

Canteen

Auditorium

Institutes

Laboratories Laboratories

Canteen

Info

= rooms= connections

grid structure with central + decentral elementsstar shaped around central courtyard +additional ring circulation: main internal corridormultiple entrances, various choices of routes

stairs central, easy wayfinding

centralised structure in shape of starevery building has only one entrance to courtyardcentral structure, more encountersmore depth, means longer ways

buildings hierarchically organised

Contrasting organisational structures, Hamm: grid-shaped, Lippstadt: star-shapedFrom previous research it is expected that there will be more chance encounter on the open courtyard in Lippstadt, but increased distance with the more centralised structure


Visual Integration – to identify locations that are highly visiblevisual integration in institute buildings is lowseminars close to institutes students go therelabs isolated good privacy, less interaction

Space Syntax in the planning process - Visibility Graph Analysis

Hamm Lippstadt

Laboratories

Library

Canteen

Institutes

Auditorium

Canteen

Auditorium

Institutes

LaboratoriesLaboratories

Info

Info

labs and institutes share one corridore good for interaction between different institutes seminar rooms in auditorium building stronger separation between students and staff

both courtyards are the space with the highest visual integrationall entrances are good integrated as well as the staircases, good orientation inside buildings


high visibility spaces these are used for informal communication + breaks Lots of different kinds of spaces, possibility for good meeting pointsi.e. cafeteria, auditorium, entrances due to grid-like organisation

Space Syntax in the planning process - Visibility Graph Analysis - Clustering

hierarchical structure fewer junction points less spaces for informal meetings

Visibility properties in Hamm provide a higher diversity of spatial qualitiesIn Lippstadt there is integration in fewer junctions and more segregation in the clusters


Simulated movement paths – shown at noon

Space Syntax in the planning process - Agent Analysis

Hamm Lippstadt

Laboratories

Library

Canteen

Institutes

Auditorium

Canteen

Auditorium

InstitutesLaboratories

Laboratories

quiet

highest density

highest density

Two different campus concepts have different user pattern:Hamm: wide courtyard, distributed entrances spread out movement over entire campusLippstadt: compact courtyard, centralised entrances concentrated movement pattern


Pattern of mobility answers questions of future movements…

Space Syntax in the planning process - Agent Analysis

Hamm

Laboratories

Library

Canteen

Institutes

Auditorium

Where are the main entrances of the campus and the ones mostly used?

Where rest people most likely?

Where will people move between activitiesand the different spaces ?

Where will people meet by accident?

Which paths will people use as starting and ending points?


Movement density Path overlap shows the movements many persons will use in red and those only few people might walk along in blue.

Space Syntax in the planning process- Agent Analysis

Hamm Lippstadt

Laboratories

Library

Canteen

Institutes

Auditorium

Canteen

Auditorium

InstitutesLaboratories

Laboratories


Main findings for these two universitiesThe study shows that the two campus perform very differently

The campus Hamm is more integrated into the urban fabric

it is on a secondary road part of the urban grid

It has a grid-like internal structure

wide courtyard, distributed entrances spread out movement over entire campus

The spaces in the buildings provide a higher diversity of spatial qualities for communication

Hamm is an anchor university

The campus Lippstadt is more globally connected

and is even more accessible than the town center

It has a centralised star-shaped structure

compact courtyard, centralised entrances concentrated movement pattern

It is expected that there will be more chance encounter on the open courtyard

Lippstadt is more independent



Space Syntax helps to find the right in-between spaces

Study spacesSpaces for restInformal spacesMeeting spacesLounges…


Treffen

Konferenz

EreignisBibliothek

Informelles Treffen

Besprechen

Konsultation

LesenAusstellung

Arbeitsplatz

Zwischenraum

erfinden

erholen

Pause

Soziale Kontakte

Einzelarbeit

Gruppenarbeitessen

zusammenarbeiten

lernengestalten

netzwerken


In-between spaces in Hamm and LippstadtStudy spaces alone and in groups

Lively learning spaces


In-between spaces in Hamm and LippstadtLearning spaces and informal meeting areas



In-between spaces in Hamm and LippstadtLearning and meeting



Outlook: Research on university campusCampus location

Space Syntax research for campus planning

Stuttgart

Innsbruck

CottbusPaderbornBordeaux

Hohenheim UlmTübingen


Outlook: Research on university campusCampus structure

Space Syntax research for campus planning

Stuttgart

Paderborn

Bordeaux

Hohenheim Tübingen


Main field of application for university planningHolistic planning process without loosing track of the first idea

Method shows the performance of the universitiy + the overall networking possibilitiesthe accessability of the different buildings + how easy they are to findthe strategic visibilities the patterns of movement at different times of the day

to find out about the possibilities for informal change encounters + communication

and the right in-between spaces to find the best fitting layout in competitions


Thank you!

Munichrheform - EntwicklungsManagement GmbHHerzogspitalstraße 8D - 80331 MunichTelefon 089 - 30 90 88 88Telefax 089 - 30 90 88 86

ContactProf. Dr. Christine Kohlert

[email protected]

prof. dr. christine kohlert

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