phd project: development of a ferrite-loaded accelerating cavity cern supervisor: dr.-ing. christine...
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PhD project: Development of a Ferrite-Loaded Accelerating Cavity
CERN Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Christine VöllingerTEMF Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klingbeil
From Ferrite Characterization to Preliminary Design of Ferrite Loaded Accelerating CavityJohannes EberhardtCERN, Beams Department / TU Darmstadt, TEMF Institute
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Motivation: Ferrite Loaded Accelerating Cavity
▪ Idea: Same RF system to accelerate different types of particles
→ Accelerating Cavity with frequency swing 18 – 40 MHz
▪ Cavity design with electromagnetic simulation program
→ Relative permeability and losses of ferrite as input for simulations
Ferrite CavityΔ𝐻bias Δμr Δ fres
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Introduction – How does an accelerating cavity work?
accelerating gap
beam pipe
cylindrical structure
ERFHRF
λ/4
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∆
Tuning 18 – 40 MHz →
Introduction – Why Ferrite Loaded?
𝐻 RFferrite ring
𝐻 ┴
𝐻 RF
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Introduction – Relative Permeability
𝜇𝑟=𝐵
𝐻𝜇0
Depends on:• RF frequency
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Introduction – Lessons learned
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
1 2 5 10 20 50 1000
10
20
30
40
50
0.
5.
10.
15.
20.
25.
f MHzDepends on:• RF frequency • Magnetic bias history• Temperature• Location in ferrite• Bias field orientation
Dispersive characteristicsRandom – degaussed Room temperatureAverage over volumePerpendicular to RF magnetic field
,
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B/mT
Reflection Measurement
µ’(fres)
Resonant Measurement
fres/MHz
Qtotal
Eigenmode Simulation
fres/MHz
dfres/%
Calculate Qµ,𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐫
Qµ, ferr
From Ferrite Characterisation to FLC
1-Port ReflectionMeasurement
ResonantMeasurement
µ’ f resQ total
Simulation ofResonant
Measurement
Q total(𝑄¿¿Ω ,𝑄ε ,teflon ,𝑄µ, ferr )¿
Calculate
Qµ ,ferr
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Reflection Measurement
Ibias
Bbias
B/mT 35 40 300
Reflection Measurement
µ’(fres)
Resonant Measurement
fres/MHz
Qtotal
Eigenmode Simulation
fres/MHz
dfres/%
Calculate Qµ,𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐫
Qµ, ferr
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Reflection Measurement
Coaxial short-circuit technique to determine
1. Measuring S11(f) of empty and filled SH
2. Analytical calculation of (S11(f))
B/mT 35 40 300
Reflection Measurement
µ’(fres) 13 8.0 1.17
Resonant Measurement
fres/MHz
Qtotal
Eigenmode Simulation
fres/MHz
dfres/%
Calculate Qµ,𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐫
Qµ, ferr
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Resonant Measurement
B/mT 35 40 300
Reflection Measurement
µ’(fres) 13 8.0 1.17
Resonant Measurement
fres/MHz 18.8 23.4 43.7
Qtotal
Eigenmode Simulation
fres/MHz
dfres/%
Calculate Qµ,𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐫
Qµ, ferr
9 40 1046
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Numerical Simulation Results
Ferrite ring
Teflon foil
Inner conductor
Outer conductor
B/mT 35 40 300
Reflection Measurement
µ’(fres) 13 8.0 1.17
Resonant Measurement
fres/MHz 18.8 23.4 43.7
Qtotal 9 40 1046
Eigenmode Simulation
fres/MHz 18.6 23.1 43.3
dfres/% 1.1 1.3 0.9
Calculate Qµ,𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐫
Qµ, ferr 8 35 5000
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▪ low is dominated by ▪ once exeeds has maximum▪ high is dominated by
¿ 1𝑄Ω
+𝑊 el , teflon
𝑊 el , total
1𝑄ε ,teflon
+𝑊 mag , ferr
𝑊 mag ,total
1𝑄µ ,ferr
Numerical Simulation Results
1𝑄total
=1𝑄Ω
+1𝑄ε
+1𝑄µ
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Numerical Simulation Results
▪ Resonance frequency depends on with ∆▪ Required can be achieved, but for relative low
𝜇r , eff=𝐻 RF , ferr
𝐻 RF ,total
𝜇𝑟 , ferr
+𝐻 RF ,V 𝑎𝑐
𝐻 RF ,total
𝜇𝑟 ,vac
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Preliminary Design of FLC 18 – 40MHz
Simulation Input Simulation Results for Vacc=1kV
µ’(fres) fres/MHz R/Q/Ω P/W
8 35 17.6 37 213 63.3
1.17 5000 40.9 4683 108 1
Ferrite stack
Beam pipe
Accelerating gap
Example
Vacc/kV P/kW
8.3 4.4
62.5 3.9
1125mm
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Conclusion and Outlook
▪ Measurement of relative permeability and losses of ferrite material▪ Simulation model of resonant measurements setup▪ Preliminary design of ferrite loaded accelerating cavity
▪ Influence of non-uniform µ’ has to be analysed ▪ RF power measurements have to be done▪ FLC model will be further elaborated
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Thank you for your attention!
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14th of March 2014 | Johannes Eberhardt | 17
Preliminary Design
▪ For 4kW RF power with → 8.3kV accelerating voltage at 18MHz→ 62.5kV accelerating voltage at 40MHz
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𝑓 res𝑓 − 3𝑑𝐵− 𝑓 − 3𝑑𝐵
+¿ ¿
14th of March 2014 | Johannes Eberhardt | 17
Resonant Measurement
▪ measurement for 300mT bias field
𝑄 total=𝑓 res
𝑓 −3 𝑑𝐵+¿− 𝑓 −3 𝑑𝐵
−
¿
B/mT 35 40 300
Reflection Measurement
µ’(fres) 13 8.0 1.17
Resonant Measurement
fres/MHz 18.8 23.4 43.7
Qtotal 9 40 1046
Eigenmode Simulation
fres/MHz
dfres/%
Examined Qferr
Qferr