PRISONER SURVEY

2013

14th

Series

Research, Strategy and Innovation

James Carnie, Róisín Broderick & Shirley McCoard

December 2013

2

3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Atmosphere & Relationships

The majority of prisoners (88%) reported

the atmosphere in their hall/dormitory as

‘very relaxed’, ‘fairly relaxed’ or ‘neither

relaxed nor tense’.

Relationships between prisoners in their

hall and officers in their hall were judged

to be positive by the vast majority of

prisoners (95% and 92% respectively).

Health

Eight in ten prisoners reported that they

had attended the nurse (80%) and doctor

(81%). Four in ten indicated that they had

attended the dentist (39%), and one quarter

of respondents had been seen by mental

health staff (27%).

Hepatitis C

During their time in prison almost half

(48%) of those reporting had been tested

for Hepatitis C. A majority (84%) would

take a Hepatitis C test in prison if they

were offered one.

Mental Health & Well-being

Prisoners were asked questions on mental

health by way of an instrument known as

the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-

being Scale. As many as 85% reported

‘I’ve been able to make up my mind about

things’, 79% said they were thinking

clearly, and 77% said they were ‘dealing

with problems well’.

Contact with family & friends

Nine in ten prisoners (90%) were in

regular contact with someone outside the

prison. The most common forms of

contact were telephone (82%), followed by

letter (67%) and visits (61%). A minority

(5%) who were nearing the end of their

sentence were eligible for ‘Home Leave’.

Visits

Prisoners generally rated visits in positive

terms with the majority reporting

positively on ability to arrange visits

(85%), access to family and friends (84%),

and facilities for disabled visitors (82%).

Over half of prisoners reported that their

visitors experienced problems when

visiting them in prison (57%) with distance

(61%) and cost of getting to the prison

(57%) cited as the most problematic.

Prisoners’ Children

Almost two thirds of those taking part in

the prisoner survey reported having

children (63%).

Family issues & support

A quarter of those reporting had received

help with family issues in prisons (24%).

Almost half had received help from their

personal officer (46%) and the Family

Contact Officer (FCO) (44%). One fifth

(20%) received help from a priest, 14%

from a minister, 17% from a prison social

worker, 17% from an outside social

worker, 14% prom another person, and

four per cent from an imam.

In Care as a child

One quarter of prisoners indicated that

during their up-bringing they had been in

care (27%) and almost one fifth had been

in care at the age of sixteen (17%).

Cleanliness

Eight out of ten respondents rated the

cleanliness of their hall (82%) and toilets

(83%) as ‘ok’, ‘fairly good’ or ‘very good’

and three quarters of respondents were

positive about the cleanliness of the

showers (78%). Less positively, only six

in ten prisoners (62%) reported being

4

content with the cleanliness of their cell

when they first moved in.

Food

Although eight in ten respondents were

content with the time meals were served

(81%) only six in ten were content with the

menu choice (60%), and only half were

content with the condition of the food

when they got it (50%) and portion size

(50%).

Canteen

The majority of prisoners were content

with the accuracy of their order (92%)

from the canteen. Prisoners were less

content with the price (61%) and selection

of goods (59%). Three quarters (73%)

reported being satisfied with the canteen

system ‘overall’.

Drug use & drug services

Two in five respondents reported being

under the influence of drugs at the time of

their offence (39%), with around one sixth

reporting that they committed their offence

to get money for drugs (16%). Thirty five

per cent stated their drug use was a

problem for them on the outside, and

almost half reported that they had been

assessed for drug use upon admission to

prison (46%).

Two thirds (62%) used drugs in the 12

months prior to coming into prison. Cannabis (78%), benzodiazepams (58%), and

cocaine (51%) were the most commonly used

drugs.

Two in five said that they had used illegal

drugs in prison at some point (38%). The

most commonly used drugs were cannabis

(58%), subutex (43%), benzodiazepines

(41%), and heroin (37%).

A quarter (23%) had used legal highs

before going into prison, with eight per

cent stating they had used legal highs in

prison.

Alcohol use

Just less than half reported being drunk at

the time of their offence (45%). One in

five reported that drinking affected their

ability to hold down a job (21%) and over

one third of prisoners admitted that their

drinking affected their relationship with

their family (35%).

As part of the 2013 survey, AUDIT asked

prisoners about their alcohol use prior to

going to prison. Three quarters of

prisoners drank alcohol, with a fifth doing

so four or more times a week (21%). On a

typical day when they are drinking, nearly

half of prisoners said that they would drink

10 or more drinks (43%).

Smoking

Three quarters of prisoners reported that

they are smokers (74%) and a third (34%)

reported that they shared a cell with a

smoker. Three in five expressed a desire

to give up smoking (60%).

Knife Crime

Half of the respondents said that they have

carried a knife (49%), with a quarter

stating that they carried a knife in the last

12 months (26%). Half of prisoners said

that they carried a knife for self-defence

(52%), with a quarter stating that they

carried a knife because they don’t feel safe

where they live (23%) or because they

have previously been threatened (23%).

Prison population

Just over half of prisoners reported that

prisoner numbers had an impact on their

access to medical services (55%), with

half stating that it impacted on their ability

to access programmes (51%), their

opportunities for training and education

5

(48%), and their ability to access

work/prison job (48%).

Domestic Violence

One in five prisoners said they have been

involved in violence towards their spouse

or partner (20%), with 15% saying they

had been convicted of an offence involving

violence towards their spouse or partner.

A similar number wish to access

interventions/support services which

would help them with issues of violence in

the home (21%). As a child, two in five

prisoners witnessed violence between their

parents/carer (42%).

Safety

Those prisoners who reported fears for

their safety (17%) said that another

prisoner made them fear for their safety

(62%), with 47% stating it was a group of

prisoners. The hall generally (59%) was

the area that caused them the greatest

concern.

Bullying

Prisoners were asked to indicate whether

they had experienced any bullying in the

last month, with 15% of prisoners saying

that they had. Of these, almost half said

that this involved name calling (47%).

Other common types of bullying involved

physical abuse (30%), money (21%) and

property/possessions (20%). Of those who

said that they had been bullied, only a

quarter (26%) said that they reported it.

Literacy & Numeracy

Almost one fifth of prisoners reported that

they had difficulty with writing (17%),

with slightly less stating that they had

problems with reading (13%) and/or

numbers (14%). In the region of three

quarters of those with problems said that

they would like help with their writing

(77%), reading (71%) and/or numbers

(75%).

Learning Centre

Almost half of those reporting had

attended a learning centre whilst in prison

(49%). Six in ten had studied IT (57%)

and over half had studied Literacy and

Numeracy (56%) and Art (52%).

Equality and Diversity

Most respondents felt that information had

been communicated to them in a manner

that they understand, including information

on prison rules. Only a minority indicated

that they had experienced discrimination,

although of those who did, only a fifth

(18%) said that they reported it.

Programmes/Intervention

One quarter attended Substance Related

Offending (27%), while one fifth had

attended Anger Management (22%) and

Constructs (20%). Four in ten reported

attending no programmes (44%). Almost

three quarters of those who attended a

programme thought it was helpful in

addressing issues relating to their

offending (74%).

Work in prison

Three quarters (75%) of prisoners reported

that they had undertaken work in prison.

Of these, around six in ten prisoners

reported that they found prison work

interesting (63%), that it had helped them

to learn to work with other people (62%),

that it had helped them to take more

responsibility (61%), and that work in

prison helped them to learn to work regular

hours (58%).

Preparation of release

A quarter of prisoners had accessed

services while in prison in order to help

them prepare for release (26%); 70% had

sought advice in relation to housing and

41% in relation to employment.

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Change

In terms of everyday living, prisoners’

ratings of the main components that

comprise prison existence – atmosphere,

cleanliness, hygiene, food and visits – have

been remarkably consistent and favourable

over the years

Successive Prisoner Surveys have been

able to report a decline in self-reported

drug use since the early 2000s. The

number of prisoners reporting they have

‘ever used illegal drugs in prison’ has

decreased from 58% in 2001 to 38% in

2013.

Similarly, the rapid upward trend in

alcohol related problems and offending

appears to have stabilised. While still

higher than they were in the early to mid-

2000s, the figures for 2013 have declined

slightly. In 2013, 45% of the prisoner

population reported being drunk at the time

of their offence, which although stark, is a

modest decrease from figures in previous

years (49% in 2008; 50% in 2009; 50% in

2011).

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INTRODUCTION

This Report describes the key findings of the Scottish Prison Service’s (SPS) biennial

Prisoner Survey. The Survey, which is undertaken in each of the 16 Scottish prisons,

involves all Scottish prisoners.1 The average age of prisoners was 34 yrs. Of the 94% of

males and six per cent of female prisoners, 82% were convicted and 18% were untried.

The Survey has a number of objectives:

to make use of prisoners’ perceptions of service-delivery and service-quality in

business planning;

to provide prisoners with an opportunity to comment on a range of issues that impact

on their experience in prison;

to allow staff to get a better understanding of how the halls or areas they manage

compare to equivalent areas and halls and in so doing to provide a tangible way to

help share items of ‘best practice’; and finally,

to allow the SPS through repetition of the same questions, to track progress (or the

lack of it) across the various dimensions that are included in the Survey.

The Use Made of the Survey

The Survey is not simply about asking prisoners for their views. The Survey is about helping

inform and shape change in the SPS and is directed at improving the quality of service

delivery in every prison. This approach is predicated on the well-established belief that for

change to be effective it is imperative that the views of prisoners are factored into the

planning equation. The remainder of this Report sets out how prisoners view their experience

of imprisonment and the way the SPS goes about delivering its services.

Content and Coverage

The Survey is focused intentionally upon the core elements of prison life: living conditions,

family contact, healthcare, relationships and atmosphere. The Survey also seeks views on

such issues as perceived safety, bullying, drug use and mental health. As it is completed in a

relatively short timeslot it purposely avoids detailed questions on complex issues.

The Survey is distributed to all prisoners and all establishments within Scotland. In this

sense, the exercise is a census. This year’s Survey, the fourteenth to run since 1990, achieved

an overall prisoner response rate of 60% (n=4137). Of these, 94% were male and six per cent

were female. The majority of respondents were Scottish (88%), with a minority of

1 The 2013 Survey fieldwork covered the period May to June 2013. Establishments were given the option either to

distribute the questionnaires or have the research team do so. Prior to these visits, posters were displayed in prominent areas

in the prison informing prisoners and staff of the Survey and the day it would take place in their establishment. The evening

prior to the Survey, each prisoner was given a leaflet informing them of the Survey and its aims. On the day of the Survey,

prisoners were issued with a survey form by a member of the Survey Team or prison staff. After being given the chance to

complete the questionnaire in the privacy of their cell, the completed forms (sealed in an envelope) were personally collected

by a member of the Survey Team or prison staff. This methodology helps ensure that when handing out the forms each

prisoner is given a brief explanation of why the Survey is taking place and has an opportunity to ask questions. The response

rate for the 2013 Prisoner Survey was 60%.

8

respondents stating that they were from another ethnic background. A full breakdown of

ethnicity can be found in the Appendix. The 2013 questionnaire was translated into six key

foreign languages. Interpreters were also provided as necessary on fieldwork day.

Custodial history

One fifth (18%) of prisoners said that they were on remand at the time of completing the 2013

prisoner survey; 82% had been sentenced.

Respondents’ remand and custodial history is outlined in Table 1. This shows that prisoners

were more likely to report being on remand between 1 and 5 times (43%). One fifth said that

they had been on remand over 10 times (19%) and one tenth said between 6 and 10 times

(11%). A quarter of prisoners said that they had ‘never’ previously been on remand (27%).

One third of those reporting had ‘never’ previously served a prison sentence (31%), while

four in ten had served between 1 and 5 sentences (42%), 11% between 6 and 10 sentences,

and 16% had served over 10 sentences.

Table 1 Prison History

Never 1-5 times 6-10 times Over 10

times

Number of times on remand 27 43 11 19

Number of times previously on a

sentence 31 42 11 16

Table 2 below shows the sentence length of those prisoners reporting in the survey. One third

are serving a sentence of over 1 year up to 4 years (32%), followed by a quarter serving over

4 years up to 10 years (25%), and one fifth serving over 3 months and up to 12 months (21%).

A minority (5%) are serving over 10 years, and one in ten respondents is serving a Life/WLT

sentence (11%).

Table 2 Sentence length

Up to 90

days 5 Over 4 yrs up to 10 yrs 25

Over 3

months up to

12 21 Over 10 years 5

Over 1 yrs up

to 4 yrs 32 Life/WLT 11

Under half of prisoners said that they had previously serviced a sentence in the community

(43%). Just over a quarter said that they have received a custodial sentence as a result of

breaching a community sentence (28%).

Atmosphere & Relationships

9

The majority of prisoners (88%) reported the atmosphere in their hall/dormitory as ‘very

relaxed’, ‘fairly relaxed’ or ‘neither relaxed nor tense’.

Relationships between prisoners and staff were judged to be positive by the vast majority of

prisoners. A majority of respondents described their relationship with prisoners in their hall

and officers in their hall in positive terms (95% and 92% respectively).

Relationships with staff in the vehicle on their most recent court escort and staff in the court

on their most recent visit to court were rated slightly less positively (79% and 73%

respectively).

Two thirds of prisoners said they were spoken to by staff using their first name (65%). A

further 17% said a nickname, 32% said surname, 5% said Mr/Ms surname and 3% said other

name. The majority of prisoners (86%) said this is the way they wish to be spoken to.

Three quarters of respondents said there is a member of staff they can turn to for help (76%),

with a majority (85%) stating that staff generally treat them with respect.

Health

Eight in ten prisoners reported that they had attended the nurse (80%) and doctor (81%).

There was a 10% increase in prisoners who said they attended the doctor from the 2011

results (71%). Due to availability on site, prisoners tend to avail themselves of health

services that they might not otherwise bother accessing in the community. Four in ten

indicated that they had attended the dentist (38%) and one quarter of respondents had been

seen by mental health staff (27%).

Over half of prisoners saw the nurse within two days of asking to see them (55%), while 30%

saw the doctor within two days. A quarter stated it took over 10 days to see the doctor (26%),

with a quarter saying it took this length of time to see mental health staff (25%). Almost two

thirds (64%) said that it took over 10 days to see the dentist, while four in ten (40%) said it

took this length of time to see the optician. This can be seen in Table 3.

Table 3 Time waited to see health care staff

When asked to rate the quality of healthcare in their prison in general, six in ten prisoners

(61%) rated it positively (as either ‘very good’, ‘good’, or ‘ok’).

Disability and Long Term Illness

One quarter reported having a disability (25%), an increase of six percent from the 2011

results (19%), with 68% of these stating that staff in their prison know they have a disability.

Same

Day

1-2 days 3-5 days 6-10

days

Over 10

days

Not

Relevant

Nurse 25 30 18 8 10 9

Doctor 8 22 19 15 26 11

Mental Health Staff 5 11 10 8 25 41

Dentist 1 2 2 4 64 26

Optician 1 1 2 5 40 51

10

Over one quarter of prisoners reported have a long term illness (29%), again with 68% stating

that staff know they have a long term illness.

A minority of prisoners stated that they required assistance in managing activities around the

prison. These are outlined in the overall results at the end of this report.

Hygiene and Fitness

When asked how many times a week prisoners have at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise

(like brisk walking), one in five said one or less times per week (20%), a quarter said two to

four times per week (26%), and just over half said five or more times per week (54%).

Figure 1 details attendance at the gym; 43% do not go, but, two in five stated they go three or

more times per week (41%).

With reference to recreation, Figure 1 shows that half of respondents said that they have

recreation more than five times per week (50%), with only 16% stating that they don’t go.

Figure 1 Frequency of Fitness

When asked how many times prisoners use the library each week, over half said that they do

not use it (57%). Nearly a quarter of respondents said they use it once a week (23%). One in

five prisoners used it more frequently (seven per cent said twice per week and four per cent

more than three times a week).

Hepatitis C

During their time in prison almost half of those reporting had been tested for Hepatitis C

(48%), similar to the 2011 survey result. Over half of prisoners said that they had been given

information about Hepatitis C during their time in prison (54%). The majority would take a

Hepatitis C test in prison if they were offered one (84%).

43

16

3 3

86

28

19

13

50

46

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

How many times do you go tothe gym each week?

How may times do you haverecreation each week?

Don't go 1 2 3 to 5 More than 5 Don't know

%

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Body piercings & Tattoos

Almost a quarter of prisoners reported having a body piercing (23%) and of these 7% had

received the piercing whilst in prison. Six in ten prisoners had a tattoo (62%) and of these

one fifth (18%) reported that they had got the tattoo in prison.

Mental health & well-being

Prisoners were asked questions on mental health by way of an instrument known as the

Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) (See Table 4). As many as 85%

reported ‘I’ve been able to make up my mind about things’, 79% said they were thinking

clearly, and 77% said they were ‘dealing with problems well’.

Conversely, only slightly more than half (53%) said that they were ‘feeling loved’, with 57%

stating they were ‘feeling interested in other people’, and a further 57% reporting they have

‘been feeling close to other people’ and ‘feeling interested in other people’.

Table 4 Mental health & well-being

Visit’s and contact with family and friends

Prisoners were asked to comment on a number of aspects relating to family contact. Nine in

ten prisoners were in regular contact with someone outside the prison (90%). The most

common forms of contact were telephone (82%), followed by letter (67%) and visits (61%).

Over a third of prisoners received visits weekly (36%), while 15% received visits fortnightly,

and 16% received visits monthly. A minority (5%) who were nearing the end of their

sentence were eligible for ‘Home Leave’ (Figure 2).

None

of the

time

Rarely Some

of the

time

Often All of

the time

I’ve been feeling optimistic about the future 14 16 29 24 17

I’ve been feeling useful 16 22 31 21 11

I’ve been feeling relaxed 10 19 34 26 12

I’ve been feeling interested in other people 20 23 33 17 7

I’ve had energy to spare 11 19 31 24 15

I’ve been dealing with problems well 8 14 33 28 16

I’ve been thinking clearly 7 14 29 30 20

I’ve been feeling good about myself 11 19 31 25 15

I’ve been feeling close to other people 18 26 32 17 8

I’ve been feeling confident 10 19 30 25 16

I’ve been able to make up my own mind 5 10 23 29 33

I’ve been feeling loved 27 20 21 16 16

I’ve been interested in new things 14 18 30 23 15

I’ve been feeling cheerful 11 20 34 23 12

12

Figure 2 Regular Contact

In order to gauge their views on the quality of visits, prisoners were asked to consider a

number of aspects relating to visits. Generally, prisoners rated visits in positive terms (‘very

good’, ‘fairly good’, or ‘ok’). The majority of respondents reported positively on ability to

arrange visits (85%), access to family and friends (84%), and facilities for disabled visitors

(82%).

Eight in ten respondents were happy with the timing of visits (79%) and the quality of the

visit (79%). Around three quarters were content with the facilities for children (77%), the

length of visit (73%), and access to the Family Contact Officer (72%). Additionally, three

quarters of prisoners considered that respectful behaviour was shown by staff in relation to

visits (77%) (Figure 3). Satisfaction ratings for visits have generally improved in recent

years. This may be due to improvements in the physical fabric of the facilities and also to the

greater emphasis placed on the need to maintain and promote family contact while in custody.

Figure 3 Prisoners views on visits

10

5

61

67

82

0 20 40 60 80 100

No

Yes, by home leave

Yes, by visits

Yes, by letter

Yes, by telephone

%

2010 12 17

11 11 11 12 16

23

1518

22

17 15 18 1818

41

47 43

46

49 56 50 49 43

9

15 17

914 11 13 13 13

713 11 7 10 9 8 8 11

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Access tofamily and

friends

Access tothe Family

ContactOfficer in

this prison

The lengthof the visits

The abilityto arrange

visits

Facilities forchildren at

visits

Facilities fordisabledvisitors

The timingof visits

The qualityof the visit

Respectfulbehaviourshown by

staff inrelation to

visitsVery Good Fairly Good OK Fairly Bad Very Bad

13

Visit Problems

Table 5 illustrates that over half of prisoners reported that their visitors experienced problems

when visiting them in prison (57%); this is down from 63% in 2011. Prisoners who identified

a problem were asked to specify the nature of the difficulty experienced. The problem

reported most frequently by prisoners was the distance of the prison from their home (61%);

followed by the cost involved in getting to the prison (57%).

Other reported problems were due to time limits (37%), lack of transport (35%), location

(34%), the stress of the visit (28%) and staff attitudes (26%). Again, the percentage of

prisoners reporting difficulties with visits is less than in 2011, perhaps because of the greater

emphasis put on visiting and maintaining family contact by SPS and associated agencies.

Table 5 Difficulties experienced by prisoners’ visitors

Prisoners’ Children

Almost two thirds of those taking part in the prisoner survey reported having children (63%).

Of these, two in five (42%) had one child and just under a third had two children (31%).

Around a quarter of prisoners said they had more than two children, with 14% stating they

had three children, 7% having four children, 3% stating they had five children, and a further

3% having six or more children.

Two in five prisoners (41%) were receiving visits from their children, while 59% said they

were not. A similar number of prisoners who were caring for their children before they went

into prison (60%) also thought that they would be caring for their children when they were

released (59%). A quarter (24%) of prisoners thought that they would not be caring for their

children when they were released, while 17% of prisoner did not know.

Family issues & support

A quarter of those reporting had received help with family issues in prisons (24%). Almost

half had received help from their personal officer (46%) and the Family Contact Officer

(FCO) (44%). One fifth (20%) received help from a Priest, 14% from a Minister, 17% from a

prison social worker, 17% from an outside social worker, 14% from another person, and 4%

from an Imam.

% of those prisoners reporting difficulties (57%)

Distance 61

Cost 57

Time limits 37

No Transport 35

Location of prison 34

Stress of visit 28

Staff attitude 26

Refreshment facilities 19

Other 16

14

In Care as a child

One quarter of prisoners indicated that during their up-bringing they had been in care (27%)

and almost one fifth had been in care at the age of sixteen (17%).

Cleanliness

Eight out of ten respondents rated the cleanliness of their hall (82%) and toilets (83%) as ‘ok’,

‘fairly good’ or ‘very good’ and three quarters of respondents were positive about the

cleanliness of the showers (78%). Less positively, only six in ten prisoners (62%) reported

being content with the cleanliness of their cell when they first moved in. A majority (90%) of

prisoners said that they got access to clean bed linen every week.

Food and Canteen

Although eight in ten respondents were content with the time meals were served (81%) only

six in ten were content with the menu choice (60%), and only half were content with the

condition of the food when it arrived (50%) and portion size (50%). This can be seen in

Figure 4.

Only one in ten prisoners said that the food in their prison did not reflect their

cultural/religious needs (12%). There were no major differences between establishments for

those expressing dissatisfaction.

Figure 4 also shows that the majority of prisoners were content with the accuracy of their

order (92%) from the canteen. Prisoners were less content with the price (61%) and selection

of goods (59%). Three quarters (73%) reported being satisfied with the canteen system

‘overall’. A majority (92%) of prisoners said that they had no difficulty

understanding/completing the canteen order form.

Figure 4 Satisfaction with food and the canteen

6 5 5 9

37

12 11

17 13 11

19

26

17 15

3732 34

53

29

30 35

22

25 26

9

4

22 20

1825 25

10 419 19

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Choice ofmenu

Size of theportions

Conditionof the foodwhen you

get it

Time atwhich

meals areserved

Accuracy ofmy order

Selection ofgoods

Price ofgoods

Very Good Fairly Good OK Fairly Bad Very Bad

Food Canteen

15

Drugs use

Prisoners were asked a series of questions about drug use before and during their current

sentence. Two in five respondents reported being under the influence of drugs at the time of

their offence (39%) and 35% stated their drug use was a problem for them on the outside.

Around one sixth of prisoners reported that they committed their offence to get money for

drugs (16%) and one in five were receiving treatment for drug use before they were

imprisoned (21%). Drug use before prison has fallen slightly since the 2011 survey; this is

further explored in the Change section towards the end of this report.

Figure 5 below, illustrates the type of drugs used by the two thirds of prisoners who reported

using drugs in the 12 months prior to coming into prison (62%). Cannabis (78%),

benzodiazepams (58%), and cocaine (51%), were the most commonly used drugs followed by

heroin (38%), ecstasy (29%), amphetamines (26%), and temazepam (20%).

Figure 5 Drug use 12 months before prison

Two in five prisoners said that they had used illegal drugs in prison at some point (38%), this

figure is down from 45% in 2011; again further explored in the section of this report on

Change. Of these, 82% said their drug use has changed during their current period in prison.

Two thirds said their drug use has decreased (63%), while 14% said it increased. A further

14% reported that they had the same use but different drugs and 10% stated they only started

using drugs in prison. One in ten prisoners thought that they were sharing their cell with a

drug user (12%).

Over a quarter of prisoners reported they had used drugs in the month prior to the survey

while in prison (28%), an increase of eight per cent since the 2011 survey. Figure 6,

illustrates that the most commonly used drugs were cannabis (58%), subutex (43%),

benzodiazepines (41%), and heroin (37%). Interestingly, although heroin was the most

commonly used drug in the 2011 survey, self-reported use in prison almost halved from 2011

(71%) to 2013 (37%).

0 20 40 60 80

Mephedrone

Subutex

Methadone

Other

Other opiates

Temazepam

Amphetamines

Ecstasy

Heroin

Cocaine

Benzodiazepa…

Cannabis

12

13

14

15

17

20

26

29

38

51

58

78

16

Figure 6 Drug use in the last month while in prison

A minority of prisoners (6%) reported ever injecting drugs in prison, with 2% stating they

injected in the month prior to the survey. Of these, 86% injectors (n=44) had shared their

works. Heroin was reported as being the most commonly injected drug by this small group of

prisoners.

One fifth of prisoners reported being prescribed methadone (21%). Of these, a quarter were

on a reducing dose (23%), half were on a maintenance dose (52%), and the other quarter were

on a stabilising dose (25%).

Prisoners were asked that if during their time in prison, they had ever taken another prisoner’s

prescribed medication. A quarter reported that they had (25%).

Prisoners were also asked if they had used any drugs known as legal highs both before going

to prison and while in prison. Table 6 details that a quarter (23%) of prisoners had used legal

highs before going into prison, with synthetic cannabis being the most commonly used drug

(53%) followed by stimulant (44%). In prison, only eight per cent of prisoners said they had

used legal highs, with synthetic cannabis again being the most commonly used (54%),

followed by downer (43%).

Table 6 Use of legal highs

Prior to coming in to prison have you ever

used any other drugs known as legal highs? Yes 23 No 77

If YES, what did you use before coming to

prison?

Stimulant 44 Hallucinogen 34

Synthetic

Cannabis 53 Downer 32

During your time in prison have you ever

used any other drugs known as legal highs? Yes 8 No 92

If YES, what did you use in prison? Stimulant 37 Hallucinogen 30

Synthetic

Cannabis 54 Downer 43

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Mephedrone

Ecstasy

Methadone

Cocaine

Amphetamines

Temazepam

Other

Other opiates

Heroin

Benzodiazepams

Subutex

Cannabis

7

12

13

13

14

15

19

26

37

41

43

58

17

Drug services

Prisoners were asked a series of general questions about drug treatment both before and

during their current prison sentence. Almost half of prisoners reported they had been

assessed for drug use upon admission to prison (46%), this is a 10% drop in the numbers

assessed as reported in the 2011 survey. A third of prisoners said they have been given the

chance to receive treatment for drug use during their sentence (33%) and over a quarter said

that they have received help/treatment for drug use during their sentence (28%), both

statements showing an eight per cent drop since 2011. Four out of five prisoners who did

receive help/treatment for their drug use during their sentence found this treatment useful

(81%). Although the results are self-reported, this apparent drop in the number of prisoners

assessed for drug use and offered or engaged in treatment for drug use during their sentence

requires further examination.

That said, less than half of prisoners said if they were offered help for their drug problem in

prison (42%) and on the outside (39%) they would take it. These figures are also down from

the 2011 survey (by 6% and 8% respectively), suggesting further enquiry may be needed in

this area to elicit potential reasons behind the decline. Similarly, slightly less respondents in

the 2013 survey (21%) than in 2011 (26%) who used drugs expressed their concerns that their

drug taking would be a problem for them upon release.

These findings may be a product of the transfer of responsibility and accountability for the

delivery of healthcare services in prisons to the NHS in November 2011. Prior to the NHS

transfer, SPS had a national contract in place for the provision of an Enhanced Addiction

Casework Service (EACS) which provided an addictions assessment service together with a

range of interventions to meet assessed needs, including one-to-one and group work. Since

transfer, Health Boards have had a phased exit strategy in place for the termination of the

EACS contract, which has now ceased across Scotland. NHS Health Boards are currently

progressing work to re-configure addiction services towards community health models with a

commitment that addiction services provided in prison should be comparable to that available

in the community. Emphasis is being placed on recovery focused treatment options and

improved throughcare services.

Alcohol use

Prisoners were asked a number of questions about alcohol use/dependency inside and outside

prison. Just less than half of those who completed a questionnaire reported being drunk at the

time of their offence (45%), a decrease of five per cent since 2011. This is the first decrease

in five years (the 2011 results showed an increase of 10% over the previous five years). One

in five reported that drinking affected their ability to hold down a job (21%) and over one

third of prisoners admitted that their drinking affected their relationship with their family

(35%).

Two in five prisoners said that if they were offered help for alcohol problems in prison they

would take it (41%). Similarly, two in five (39%) said that if they were offered help for

alcohol problems on the outside, they would take it. One in five (21%) were worried that

alcohol will be a problem for them when they are released from prison. This can be seen in

Table 7.

18

Table 7 Alcohol use

Only a minority (5%) of prisoners reported they used alcohol in the last month while in

prison. A third (33%) were assessed for alcohol use on their admission to prison (37% in

2011) and had been given the chance to receive treatment for alcohol problems during their

sentence (31% in 2013; 35% in 2011). One in five (20%) had received help/treatment for

alcohol problems during their sentence (23% in 2011). Of those who did receive treatment,

83% stated that they found it useful. As with assessment and receiving treatment for drug

use, the 2013 figures show a slight drop in the percentage of prisoners being assessed, given

the chance to receive treatment, and subsequently receiving treatment compared to 2011.

As part of the 2013 survey, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was

incorporated into the section asking prisoners about their alcohol use prior to going to prison.

Table 8 shows the responses to each of the 10 AUDIT questions. Three quarters of prisoners

drink alcohol, with a fifth doing so four or more times a week (21%). On a typical day when

they are drinking, nearly half of prisoners said that they would drink 10 or more drinks

(43%).

A quarter of prisoners said that they have six or more drinks on one occasion weekly (24%),

with a further 18% saying they would do this daily or almost daily. Around a quarter of

prisoners said that weekly or daily or almost daily that they: found that they were not able to

stop drinking once they had started (25%); failed to do what was normally expected of them

because of their drinking (20%); needed a first drink in the morning to get themselves going

after a heavy drinking session (19%); had a feeling of guilt or remorse after drinking (21%);

or had been unable to remember what happened the night before because they had been

drinking (21%).

2013

Yes (%) No (%)

I was drunk at the time of my offence 45 55

My drinking affected my ability to hold down a job 21 79

My drinking affected my relationship with family 35 66

If I was offered help in Prison for alcohol problems I would take it 41 59

If I was offered help on the outside for alcohol I would take it 39 61

I am worried that alcohol will be a problem for me when I get out 21 79

19

Table 8 AUDIT

How often do you have a drink

containing alcohol?

Never Monthly

or less

2 to 4

times a

month

2 to 3

times a

week

4 or more

times a

week

26 17 18 18 21

How many drinks containing alcohol

do you have on a typical day when you

are drinking?

1 or 2 3 or 4 5 or 6 7, 8 or 9 10 or

more

10 13 19 15 43

Never Less than

monthly Monthly Weekly

Daily or

almost

daily

How often do you have six or more

drinks on one occasion? 28 15 15 24 18

How often during the last year have

you found that you were not able to

stop drinking once you had started? 68 4 4 9 14

How often during the last year have

you failed to do what was normally

expected from you because of your

drinking?

69 6 6 9 11

How often during the last year have

you needed a first drink in the morning

to get yourself going after a heavy

drinking session?

74 4 3 6 13

How often during the last year have

you had a feeling of guilt or remorse

after drinking? 67 7 5 9 12

How often during the last year have

you been unable to remember what

happened the night before because you

had been drinking?

61 10 8 11 10

No

Yes, but not in

the last year

Yes, during the

last year

Have you or anyone else been injured as a result

of your drinking? 53 31 17

Has a relative or friend or a doctor/health worker

been concerned about your drinking or

suggested you cut down? 63 18 19

Smoking

Three quarters of prisoners reported that they are smokers (74%). A third (34%) reported that

they shared a cell with a smoker, down from 46% in 2011. Wherever practicable,

establishments will try to house smokers with other smokers. Three in five of those who

smoked expressed a desire to give up smoking (60%). Two in five had already tried to give

up smoking in the last 12 months (39%).

A third of prisoners had received advice on smoking and its related health risks since coming

into prison (34%). A similar number had previously used a nicotine patch, gum or inhaler

20

before coming into prison (32%), while a quarter had used at least one of these in prison

(26%).

Almost three quarters of prisoners (72%) had heard of e-cigs (electronic cigarettes), although

a smaller number (16%) had actually used them. Seven in ten prisoners (69%0 said that if e-

cigs were available in prison they would use them.

Knife Crime

Table 9 shows half of the respondents reported they have carried a knife (49%). As might be

expected, the establishment with the highest percentage of those carrying a knife was

Polmont (67%) while the lowest was Cornton Vale (18%). A quarter of prisoners (26%) said

they have carried a knife in the last 12 months. Two in five prisoners (39%) indicated they

have been a victim of knife crime. Interestingly, a similar number of prisoners (36%) had

used a knife to injure someone. Just over a third (37%) have been convicted of a knife crime

(37%), with a third (32%) stating they have been cautioned by the police for carrying a knife.

Four in ten prisoners (44%) said that if they were cautioned by the police for carrying a knife,

it would stop them from future use.

One in ten prisoners (10%) said they were a gang member. Not unexpectedly, the

establishment with the highest percentage of prisoners who stated they were a gang member

was Polmont (35%); in most other establishments, only between 5% and 10% of prisoners

reported they were a gang member (in line with the estate average).

Table 9 Knife crime

Yes (%) No (%)

Have you ever carried a knife? 49 52

Have you carried a knife in the 12 months before coming into

prison?

26 74

Have you been a victim of knife crime? 39 61

Have you ever used a knife to injure someone? 36 64

Have you ever been cautioned by the Police for carrying a

knife?

32 68

Have you ever been convicted of a knife crime? 37 63

If you were cautioned for carrying a knife would this stop you? 44 56

Are you a gang member? 10 90

Half of prisoners (52%) carried a knife for self-defence, with a quarter (23%) stating they

carried a knife because they do not feel safe where they live or because they have previously

been threatened (23%). A full breakdown of the reasons for carrying a knife can be found in

Figure 7.

21

Figure 7 Reason for carrying a knife

Prison population

Prisoners were asked a number of questions relating to the upward trend in the prison

population. Table 10 shows that just over half reported that prisoner numbers had an impact

on their access to medical services (55%), with half stating it impacted on their ability to

access programmes (51%), their opportunities for training and education (48%), and their

ability to access work/prison job (48%).

Table 10 Prison population

Domestic Violence

One in five prisoners (20%) reported they had been involved in violence towards their spouse

or partner, with 15% saying they had been convicted of an offence involving violence

towards their spouse or partner. A similar number (21%) wished to access

interventions/support services which would help them with issues of violence in the home. As

a child, two in five prisoners (42%) had witnessed violence between their parents/carer.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Self defence Don't feelsafe where I

live

Otherreason

Previouslybeen

threatened

Gangmember

Becauseother

people do

Don't know

52

23

12

23

1317

25%

Do you think that prisoner numbers are having an impact on: Yes (%) No (%)

Your safety 32 68

Your out of cell activities/recreation 43 57

Your opportunities for training and education 48 52

Your ability to access work/prison job 48 52

Your ability to access Programmes 51 50

Your ability to access medical services 55 46

Your privacy in your cell 37 63

Your quality of life generally 45 55

22

Safety

Over eight in ten prisoners (83%) expressed no fear for their safety in the last month. The

minority of prisoners who reported fears for their safety (17%) were asked to indicate who

made them fear for their safety. Almost two thirds (62%) of these respondents highlighted

that another prisoner made them fear for their safety, 47% feared for their safety from a group

of prisoners, 24% from a prison officer, 18% from a group of prison officers (excluding

control and restraint), and 11% from a non-uniformed member of staff. This is broadly in

line with figures from previous years.

The minority of prisoners (17%) who expressed fear for their safety reported that the hall

generally (59%) caused them the greatest concern. Other areas of concern were the corridors

and stairwells (39%), recreation (30%), and their cell (30%). The area in which prisoners

expressed least concern for their safety was the segregation unit (9%). Fears for safety are

detailed in Table 11.

Table 11 Areas feared for safety

Of those reporting fear for their safety:

Areas of concern

Hall generally 59

Corridors/Stairwells 39

Recreation 30

Cell 30

Workshop/Work-party 29

Toilets/Showers 25

The reception area 14

Segregation Unit 9

Other 18

Bullying

Prisoners were asked to indicate whether they had experienced any bullying in the last month,

with a minority 15% of prisoners saying that they had. Of those who felt bullied, only a

quarter (26%) said that they reported it.

Of those who indicated that they had been bullied (15%), almost half said that this involved

name calling (47%). Other common types of bullying involved physical abuse (30%), money

(21%) and property/possessions (20%). A full breakdown of the types of bullying prisoners

have indicated they faced are detailed in Table 12.

23

Table 12 Type of bullying

Prisoners reporting bullying (%)

Name calling 47

Physical abuse 30

Money 21

Possessions/Property 20

Sexuality insults 19

Drugs 18

Racial insults 18

Religious insults 17

Sexual abuse 11

Other 13

Age 12 Disability insults 12

Accommodation

Figure 8 below illustrates the type of accommodation in which respondents lived prior to

coming into prison. Respondents were allowed to pick more than one response based on the

fact that they may have had various living arrangements prior to coming to prison. Three

fifths (59%) reported they were a lodger before going to prison, 34% were a council tenant,

and 34% lived in private rented accommodation. Half of prisoners who specified said that

they lost their tenancy/accommodation when they went to prison (49%).

Prisoners were also asked to specify where they would live following their release from

prison. One third answered they did not know where they would be staying upon their release

(34%). One fifth specified they would be a council tenant (20%) while 10% said they would

be in private rented accommodation and a further 10% said they would be a lodger.

24

Figure 8 Accommodation before and after prison

Literacy & Numeracy

Prisoners were asked to detail whether they had any problems with reading, writing or

numbers. Almost one fifth of prisoners reported that they had difficulty with writing (17%),

with slightly less stating that they had problems with reading (13%) and/or numbers (14%).

Those who stated that they have problems were asked if they would like help. Around three

quarters of those with problems indicated they would like help with their writing (77%),

reading (71%) and/or numbers (75%).

Prisoners were asked if they were ever assessed or diagnosed as having dyslexia. The

majority (89%) said they were not, with 11% stating they had been assessed, and of these,

seven per cent stating that they were diagnosed as having dyslexia.

A minority of prisoners stated they were assessed as having/diagnosed with autism (1%/1%),

aspergers (1%/1%), ADHD (4%/6%), personality disorder (4%/6%), post-traumatic stress

disorder (3%/6%), or another form of disability (4%/7%).

Learning Centre

Almost half of those reporting had attended a learning centre whilst in prison (49%). Six in

ten had studied IT (57%) and over half had studied Literacy and Numeracy (56%) and Art

(52%).

Equality and Diversity

Respondents were asked if information had been communicated to them in a manner that they

understand (native language, braille, large print, signing, etc). Table 13 shows that eight in

ten felt that the meal menus (82%), reception/admissions procedures (80%), and induction

30

13

34

2017

5

34

10

59

1012

51 1

42

34

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Before prison After prison

Owner-Occupier Council tenant Housing association

Private rented Lodger Hostel

Squat Sleeping rough Don't know

%

25

(79%) were communicated in a way they understand. On the other hand, there was less

satisfaction with other topics. Half of prisoners felt that information on freedom of

information (49%) and human rights/equality and diversity (52%) was communicated

adequately.

Table 13 Communication of procedures

Yes (%) No (%)

Meal menus 82 18

Reception/Admission procedures 80 21

Induction 79 21

The visit process/Family contact 76 24

Education/Learning 76 24

Healthcare 72 28

Programmes 66 34

Violence/Anti-bullying 64 36

Prison rules/Complaints 62 38

Service providers/Community contact 56 44

Human Rights/Equality and Diversity 52 48

Freedom of information 49 51

Prisoners were also asked if during their current sentence, they personally experienced

discrimination. Most prisoners indicated they had not experienced any type of

discrimination, however one in ten stated they had experienced discrimination regarding their

religion or belief (10%), age (9%), or a disability (9%). A full breakdown of those who

experienced discrimination is detailed in Table 14 below.

Table 14 Experienced discrimination

Yes (%) No (%)

Religion or belief 10 90

Your age 9 91

Disability 9 91

Race 7 93

Sexual orientation 5 95

Sex (gender) 4 97

Gender assignment 3 97

Marriage/civil partnership 3 97

If a prisoner reported they had experienced discrimination, they were asked who

discriminated against them. Over half of prisoners indicated that a prisoner (58%) and/or an

officer (58%) had discriminated against them, with a quarter stating it was other staff (25%).

Of those who experienced discrimination, only a fifth (18%) reported it. Of those who did,

less than a quarter (22%) were satisfied with the way the matter was dealt with.

26

Beliefs

Nine in ten prisoners reported being able to practice their religion/belief in their prison (86%).

Eight in ten felt their religion/belief was respected by staff (82%), with a similar number

indicating it was respected in prison by other prisoners (79%).

Programmes/Intervention

Prisoners were asked to specify which if any programme/intervention they had attended while

in prison (Figure 9 Below). One quarter attended Substance Related Offending (27%), while

one fifth had attended Anger Management (22%) and Constructs (20%). Four in ten reported

attending no programmes (44%).

Almost three quarters of those who attended a programme reported completing it (71%) and a

similar number were of the opinion it was helpful in addressing issues relating to their

offending (74%). Half of those reporting thought that the SPS were helpful in supporting

them with their offending behaviour (49%).

Figure 9 Prisoner Programmes/Interventions attended

Prison Rules

Seven in ten prisoners reported having no difficulty accessing a copy of the Prison Rules

(69%), with six in ten stating that staff were helpful in assisting them with issues/procedures

relating to the Prison Rules (60%). Few prisoners needed help to interpret/understand prison

rules (13%), needed the rules translated (5%), or needed the rules in braille/larger print (5%).

Two thirds of those reporting understood the process of accessing the Complaints Procedure

(68%). (Table 15 below)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

12

20

5

22

27

2

17

44

12

%

27

Table 15 Prison Rules

Yes (%) No (%)

Have you had any difficulties in accessing a copy of the Prison Rules? 31 69

Are hall staff helpful in assisting you with issues/procedures to do with

the Prison Rules?

60 41

Do you need support to interpret/understand Prison Rules? 13 87

Do you need Prison Rules translated? 5 95

Do you need Prison Rules in braille/larger print? 5 95

Do you understand how to access the Complaints Procedure? 68 33

Work in prison

Prisoners were asked to comment on a number of issues relating to work in prison. Three

quarters (75%) of prisoners reported that they had undertaken work in prison. Of these,

around six in ten prisoners reported that they found prison work interesting (63%), that it had

helped them to learn to work with other people (62%), that it had helped them to take more

responsibility (61%), and that work in prison helped them to learn to work regular hours

(58%).

Preparation of release

A quarter of prisoners had accessed services while in prison in order to help them prepare for

release (26%), a decline from 2011 figures (34%). Of those who accessed services, 70% had

sought advice in relation to housing and 41% in relation to employment. A full breakdown of

the services accessed can be seen in Table 16 below.

Table 16 Preparation for release

% of prisoners accessing services (26%)

Housing 70

Employment 41

Training 28

Financial advice 27

Relationships 16

Served in the Armed forces

Less than one in ten prisoners reported being a member of the Armed forces (8%). Three

quarters of those reporting were in the Army (78%). Around one in ten were in the Air force

(9%), 7% were Reservists and 6% were in the Navy. Of those who had been in the Armed

forces six in ten reported that the method of discharge was ‘Normal’ (60%), a fifth ‘Medical’

(19%) or ‘Administrative’ (16%) and 5% were still serving.

28

CHANGE

The 2013 Survey results are broadly consistent and in line with previous years’ findings,

although some changes are detectable from the last survey in 2011.

In terms of everyday living, prisoners’ ratings of the main components that comprise prison

existence – atmosphere, cleanliness, hygiene, food and visits – have been remarkably

consistent and favourable over the years.

The atmosphere in the hall is a key measure of order, safety and the organisation of the daily

regime. Consistently high positive ratings have been reported across the years, as Table 17

shows.

Table 17 Atmosphere 2004-2013

How would you describe the atmosphere in your hall or dormitory?

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2013

88 90 86 86 85 85 87 88

Cleanliness has been maintained or improved upon, as Table 18 below demonstrates. The

cleanliness of the toilet areas, the showers and the cell on initial arrival have all improved

significantly since the mid-2000s. Large sections of the penal estate have been replaced with

new build facilities and this in part may account for the improved overall ratings, although the

corporate figure does contain variation between establishments.

Table 18 Cleanliness 2004-2013

How would you describe the following in relation to cleanliness?

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2013

The cleanliness of your

hall/dormitory 77 80 83 85 84 85 84 82

The cleanliness of the toilet area 69 73 79 80 81 83 82 83

The cleanliness of the showers 66 67 73 73 75 77 78 78

The cleanliness of your cell

when you first moved in 45 50 50 54 52 54 61 62

Food is always a source of contention with prisoners, but Table 19 below illustrates that

response to the choice of menu, size of portions and timing of meals have been fairly

consistent. There appears to be general satisfaction with the timing of the meals, but less

satisfaction with menus and portions, although both of these aspects have improved slightly

since the 2011 survey. As in 2011, the 2013 survey has also revealed considerable variation

between establishments in respect to the condition of the food when it arrives. Some

establishments have registered improvements in this area, while others have fallen back.

29

Table 19 Food 2004-2013

How would you describe the following in relation to the food?

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2013

The choice of menu 54 53 55 56 54 55 56 60

The size of portions 50 51 54 52 48 51 47 50

The timing of meals 74 82 79 81 81 81 81 81

Family contact is recognised as one of the most important aspects of prison life and is

acknowledged as being crucial to supporting community reintegration and promoting

desistance from future reoffending. Visiting arrangements have generally been rated highly

and Table 20 shows progressive improvement in respect to facilities for children and disabled

visitors. The length of visits has also improved quite significantly in the 2013 survey results.

Table 20 Visits 2004-2013

How would you describe the following in relation to visits?

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2013

Access to family and friends 78 78 78 79 79 81 81 84

The length of the visits 62 63 61 66 58 63 63 73

The ability to arrange visits 74 74 75 74 71 80 84 85

Facilities for children at visits 66 67 68 67 67 66 70 77

Facilities for disabled visitors 63 69 66 71 72 76 77 82

The timing of visits 72 71 68 71 68 75 75 79

Drug use in prison is a high profile issue and remains of concern to the public, the media and

the Scottish Parliament.

Successive Prisoner Surveys have been able to report a decline in self-reported drug use since

the early 2000s. Table 21 shows that the number of prisoners reporting they have ‘ever used

illegal drugs in prison’ decreased from 58% in 2001 to 45% in 2011. This year’s Survey

shows another decline in those who have self-reported to ‘ever having used illegal drugs in

prison’, reaching a low of 38%.

Table 21 Drugs 2004-2013

Have you ever used illegal drugs in prison?

2001 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2013

58 55 50 50 51 48 45 45 38

‘Using illegal drugs in prison in the last month’ has also shown a downward trend over the

2000s, with the number of prisoners reporting drug use in custody in the last month dropping

from 38% in 2001 to 20% in 2011. However, there has been a rise in the figure this year to

28% self-reporting they used drugs in the last month. So fewer people appear to have ever

used drugs in prison, but of those who do, more appear to have used recently. This situation

will be monitored in the 2015 survey.

Closer examination of establishment results reveals variations across the estate with some

prisons continuing to show a downward trend, while others have experienced a reversal in

fortune with rising drug consumption evident.

30

Worries about drug taking in the community have been compressed slightly. Self-reported

drug taking in the community has fallen steadily in recent years, from 44% in 2008 to 35% in

this year’s survey. A similar pattern can be seen for those who reported that they were under

the influence of drugs at the time of the offence, a decline of 10% since 2008 (49% in 2008;

39% in 2013).

One fifth (21%) of respondents in this year’s survey were ‘worried that their drug taking will

be a problem when they get out’, a continuing decline on previous years (28% in 2008; 26%

in 2009; 26% in 2011). There has also been a modest but steady drop in actual reported

consumption of ‘illegal drugs in the 12 months before imprisonment’ from 69% in 2008; 67%

in 2009; 64% in 2011 to 62% in 2013. These trends can be seen in Table 22 below.

Table 22 Drug use outside prison 2008-2013

2008 2009 2011 2013

My drug taking was a problem for me on the outside 44 41 39 35

I was under the influence of drugs at the time of my

offence 49 45 44 39

I am worried that my drug taking will be a problem when I

get out 28 26 26 21

Did you use illegal drugs in the 12 months before being in

prison? 69 67 64 62

Similarly, the rapid upward trend in alcohol related problems and offending appears to have

stabilised. While still higher than they were in the early to mid-2000s, the figures for 2013

have declined slightly.

In 2013, 45% of the prisoner population reported being drunk at the time of their offence,

which although stark, is a modest decrease from figures in previous years (49% in 2008; 50%

in 2009; 50% in 2011). There was also a slight drop in 2013 in the numbers who reported

having problems holding a job because of drink and those who said that their drinking had

affected relationships with their family (Table 23). Those worried that alcohol will be a

problem when they are released from prison has also fallen slightly from 2011 (24%) to 21%

in 2013.

The numbers of prisoners stating that, if offered, they would take help for alcohol problems in

prison (41%) or outside prison (39%) has decreased from the previous year (48% and 45%

respectively). It is unclear, however, whether this is due to a decline in the number of

prisoners who perceive they have an alcohol problem, or, and more worryingly, whether there

is less desire for take up of alcohol treatment among prisoners both inside and outside prison.

These trends can be seen in Table 23 below.

31

Table 23 Alcohol 2008-2013

2008 2009 2011 2013

I was drunk at the time of my offence 49 50 50 45

My drinking affected my ability to hold down a

job 23 24 25 21

My drinking affected my relationships with family 36 38 38 35

If I was offered help in prison for alcohol

problems I would take it 46 47 48 41

If I was offered help on the outside for alcohol

problems I would take it 42 43 45 39

I am worried that alcohol will be a problem for me

when I get out 23 23 24 21

Although the numbers reporting alcohol problems have declined slightly in recent years, and

there has been a reversal of an upward trend, prisoners’ problems with alcohol are still acute

and it appears alcohol still contributes significantly to offending behaviour. Prisoners’

relationship with drink, of course, is but an exacerbated reflection of wider social trends in

alcohol consumption being reported across Scotland in recent years.

Overall corporate findings for 2013, together with year on year comparisons 2008-2013 and

establishment comparison tables are set out in the Annexes. An example of a foreign

language questionnaire is also attached. Thematic reports on subsections of the prisoner

population: female prisoners, untried prisoners, young offenders, military veteran prisoners,

prisoners looked after as children, older prisoners, ethnic minority and foreign national

prisoners will be published separately.

32

SPS PRISONER SURVEY OVERALL RESULTS 2013

RESPONSE RATE: 60%

RE

LA

TIO

NS

HIP

S

Very

relaxed

Fairly

relaxed

Neither

relaxed/

tense

Fairly

tense

Very

Tense

How would you rate the atmosphere in your

HALL? 16 48 24 8 4

How well would you say you got

on with each of the following

groups?

Very

well

Fairly

well OK

Fairly

badly

Very

badly Not

Relevant

Prisoners in your hall 25 33 37 2 2 1

Officers in your hall 26 33 33 4 4 2

Staff in the VEHICLE on your

most recent COURT escort 14 21 44 5 6 9

Staff in the COURT on your most

recent visit to COURT 13 19 41 8 9 10

First

Name

Nick-

name

Surna

me

Other

name

Mr/Ms

Surname

How are you spoken to by

STAFF in THIS PRISON? 65 17 32 3 5

Is this the way you wish to be

spoken to? YES 86 NO 14

Is there a member of staff you can

turn to for help? YES 76 NO 24

Do staff generally treat you with

respect? YES 85 NO 15

HE

AL

TH

Doctor Nurse

Mental

Health

Staff

Dentist Optician

No

ne

During your time in THIS prison, on

THIS sentence which of the following

have you attended?

81 80 27 38 18 8

FOR YOUR MOST RECENT appointment IN THIS PRISON please

indicate the length of time you waited/have been waiting to see the following

health care staff:

Same

Day

1-2

days

3-5

days

6-10

days

Over 10

days

Not

Relevant

Nurse 25 30 18 8 10 9

Doctor 8 22 19 15 26 11

Mental Health Staff 5 11 10 8 25 41

Dentist 1 2 2 4 64 26

Optician 1 1 2 5 40 51

33

HY

GIE

NE

& F

ITN

ES

S

How many times A WEEK do

you have AT LEAST 30

MINUTES of MODERATE EXERCISE?

(like brisk walking)

1 or less times

per week

2 to 4 times per

WEEK

5 or more times per

week

20 26 54

Don't go 1 2 3 to

5

More

than 5

Don't

know

How many times do you go to the

gym each week? 43 3 8 28 13 4

How many times do you have

recreation each week? 16 3 6 19 50 6

Don't use

it 1 2 3

More

than 3

Don't

know

How many times do you use the

library each week? 57 23 7 0 4 8

DR

UG

US

E

IN P

RIS

ON

Have you EVER used illegal

drugs in prison? YES 38 NO 62

If YES, has your drug use

changed during your current

period in prison? YES 82 NO 18

Very

good Good Ok Poor

Very

poor

How would you rate the quality of

healthcare in general in your

prison?

6 19 36 24 16

DIS

AB

ILIT

Y

Have you got a disability?

(Physical/mental impairment) YES 25 NO 75

If YES, do prison staff know that

you have a disability? YES 68 NO 32

Have you got a long-term illness? YES 29 NO 71

If YES, do prison staff know that

you have a long-term illness? YES 68 NO 32

Do you require any assistance in managing any of the following daily

activities?

Transferring/moving around the

prison YES 6 NO 94

Washing/personal care YES 4 NO 96

Toilet use YES 3 NO 97

Dressing YES 3 NO 97

Collecting meals YES 4 NO 96

Eating meals YES 3 NO 97

34

If YES, in what way?

Increased 14 Same use but

different drugs 14

Decreased 63 Only started

using in prison 10

Are you sharing your cell with a

drug user? YES 12 NO 83

DON'T

KNOW 5

Have you used ILLEGAL drugs

in the LAST MONTH while in

THIS PRISON? YES 28 NO 72

If YES, which ILLEGAL drugs have you used in the LAST MONTH:

If NO, go to next section

Cannabis 58 Other opiates 26 Cocaine 13

Benzodiazepams 41 Temazepam 15 Subutex 43

Amphetamines 14 Heroin 37 Mephedrone 7

Ecstasy 12 Methadone

(not

prescription)

13 Other 19

Are you being prescribed

methadone? YES 21 NO 79

If YES, is this prescription: Reducing

dose 23

Maintenance

dose 52

Stabilising

dose 25

During your time in prison, have

you ever taken another prisoner's

prescribed medication? YES 25 NO 75

Have you EVER INJECTED

drugs IN PRISON? YES 6 NO 94

Have you INJECTED drugs IN

PRISON in the LAST MONTH? YES 2 NO 98

If YES, you INJECTED in the

LAST MONTH, did you share

your works? YES

86

(n=44) NO

14

(n=7)

If YES, which ILLEGAL drugs did you inject in the LAST MONTH:

Heroin 100

(n=49) Cocaine 25 (n=12) Subutex

12

(n=6)

Other opiates 16 (n=8) Benzodi

azepams 14 (n=7) Mephedrone

8

(n=4)

Amphetamines 27

(n=13) Steroids 22 (n=11) Other

14

(n=7)

DR

UG

US

E B

EF

OR

E

PR

ISO

N

Did you use ILLEGAL drugs in

the 12 MONTHS before coming

into PRISON? YES 62 NO 38

If YES, please indicate the drugs used:

Cannabis 78 Other

opiates 17 Cocaine 51

Benzodiazepams 58 Temazepam 20 Subutex 13

35

Amphetamines 26 Heroin 38 Mephed

rone 12

Ecstasy 29 Methadone

(not

prescription 14 Other 15

Prior to coming in to prison have

you ever used any other drugs

known as legal highs? YES 23 NO 77

If YES, what did you use before

coming to prison?

Stimulant 44 Hallucinogen 34

Synthetic

Cannabis 53 Downer 32

During your time in prison have

you ever used any other drugs

known as legal highs? YES 8 NO 92

If YES, what did you use in

prison?

Stimulant 37 Hallucinogen 30

Synthetic

Cannabis 54 Downer 43

My drug taking was a problem for

me ON THE OUTSIDE YES 35 NO 41

Not

relevant 24

I was under the influence of drugs

at the time of my offence YES 39 NO 42

Not

relevant 19

I committed my offence to get

money for drugs YES 16 NO 64

Not

relevant 20

I was receiving treatment for my

drug use before my imprisonment YES 21 NO 59

Not

relevant 21

DR

UG

SE

RV

ICE

S

If I was offered help for my drug

problem ON THE OUTSIDE, I

would take it YES 39 NO 19

Not

relevant 41

If I was offered help for my drug

problem IN PRISON, I would

take it YES 42 NO 18

Not

relevant 41

I am worried that my drug taking

will be a problem when I get out YES 21 NO 43

Not

relevant 36

I was assessed for drug use upon

my admission to prison YES 46 NO 24

Not

relevant 30

I have been given the chance to

receive treatment for drug use

during my sentence YES 33 NO 30

Not

relevant 37

I have received help/treatment for

drug use during my sentence YES 28 NO 35

Not

relevant 37

If YES, did you find this

treatment useful? YES 81 NO 16

Not

relevant 3

36

AL

CO

HO

L U

SE

I was drunk at the time of my

offence YES 45 NO 55

My drinking affected my ability

to hold down a job YES 21 NO 79

My drinking affected my

relationships with family YES 35 NO 66

If I was offered help IN PRISON

for alcohol problems I would take

it YES 41 NO 59

If I was offered help ON THE

OUTSIDE for alcohol problems I

would take it YES 39 NO 61

I am worried that alcohol will be a

problem for me when I get out YES 21 NO 79

Have you used alcohol in the

LAST MONTH while in THIS

PRISON? YES 5 NO 95

I was assessed for alcohol use on

my admission to prison YES 33 NO 68

I have been given the chance to

receive treatment for alcohol

problems during my sentence YES 31 NO 69

I have received help/treatment for

alcohol problems during my

sentence YES 20 NO 80

If YES, did you find this

treatment useful? YES 83 NO 17

Never Monthly

or less

2 to 4 times a

month

2 to 3

times a

week

4 or

more

times a

week

How often do you have a drink

containing alcohol? 26 17 18 18 21

1 or 2 3 or 4 5 or 6 7, 8 or

9

10 or

more

How many drinks containing

alcohol do you have on a typical

day when you are drinking?

10 13 19 15 43

No

Yes, but

not in the

last year

Yes, during

the last year

Have you or anyone else been

injured as a result of your

drinking?

53 31 17

Has a relative or friend or a

doctor/health worker been

concerned about your drinking or

suggested you cut down?

63 18 19

37

Never Less than

monthly Monthly Weekly

Daily

or

almost

daily

How often do you have six or

more drinks on one occasion? 28 15 15 24 18

How often during the last year

have you found that you were not

able to stop drinking once you had

started?

68 4 4 9 14

How often during the last year

have you failed to do what was

normally expected from you

because of your drinking?

69 6 6 9 11

How often during the last year

have you needed a first drink in

the morning to get yourself going

after a heavy drinking session?

74 4 3 6 13

How often during the last year

have you had a feeling of guilt or

remorse after drinking?

67 7 5 9 12

How often during the last year

have you been unable to

remember what happened the

night before because you had

been drinking?

61 10 8 11 10

SM

OK

ING

Are you a SMOKER? YES 74 NO 26

If YES, do you want to give up

smoking? YES 60 NO 40

Do you SHARE your cell with a

SMOKER/SMOKERS? YES 34 NO 66

Have you tried to give up

smoking in the last 12 months? YES 39 NO 61

Have you received advice on

smoking & its related health risks

since coming into prison? YES 34 NO 66

Have you ever used nicotine

patch, gum or inhaler before

coming into prison? YES 32 NO 68

Have you ever used nicotine

patch, gum or inhaler in prison? YES 26 NO 74

Have you ever heard of e-cigs

(electronic cigarettes)? YES 72 NO 28

Have you ever used e-cigs? YES 16 NO 84

If e-cigs were available in prison

would you use them? YES 69 NO 32

38

PR

OG

RA

MM

ES

What programme/Intervention have you ever attended?

Violence Prevention 12

Anger

Management 22

Smoking

Cessation 17

Constructs 20

Substance

Related 27 None 44

Sexual Offending 5

Female

Offending 2 Other 12

Did you complete the

programme? YES 71 NO 29

If YES, did you find it helpful to

address issues relating to your

offending?

YES 74 NO 26

Have staff in the SPS been helpful

in supporting you to address your

offending behaviour? YES 49 NO 51

VIO

LE

NC

E

Have you ever been involved in

violence towards your spouse or

partner? YES 20 NO 80

Have you ever been convicted of

an offence involving violence to

your spouse or partner? YES 15 NO 85

As a child did you ever witness

any violence between your

parents/carer? YES 42 NO 58

Would you wish to access

interventions/support services

which would help offenders with

issues of violence in the home?

YES 21 NO 79

CA

RR

YIN

G A

KN

IFE

Have you ever carried a knife? YES 49 NO 52

Have you carried a knife in the 12

months before coming into

prison? YES 26 NO 74

Have you been a victim of knife

crime? YES 39 NO 61

Have you ever used a knife to

injure someone? YES 36 NO 64

Have you ever been cautioned by

the Police for carrying a knife? YES 32 NO 68

Have you ever been convicted of

a knife crime? YES 37 NO 63

If you were cautioned for carrying

a knife would this stop you? YES 44 NO 56

Are you a gang member? YES 10 NO 90

What is your main reason for carrying a knife?

Self defence 52 Previously

been

threatened

23 Because other

people do 17

Don't feel safe where I live 23 Gang member 13 Don't know 25

39

Other reason 12

EQ

UA

LIT

Y A

ND

DIV

ER

SIT

Y

Information on the following issues have been communicated to me in a manner that I

understand (native language, braille, large print, signing, etc)

Reception/Admission procedures YES 80 NO 21

Induction YES 79 NO 21

Meal menus YES 82 NO 18

The visit process/Family contact YES 76 NO 24

Human Rights/Equality and

Diversity YES 52 NO 48

Prison rules/Complaints YES 62 NO 38

Healthcare YES 72 NO 28

Freedom of information YES 49 NO 51

Violence/Anti-bullying YES 64 NO 36

Education/Learning YES 76 NO 24

Programmes YES 66 NO 34

Service providers/Community

contact YES 56 NO 44

During this sentence in prison I have personally experienced discrimination in respect to the

following:

Your age YES 9 NO 91

Disability YES 9 NO 91

Gender assignment YES 3 NO 97

Sex (gender) YES 4 NO 97

Race YES 7 NO 93

Religion or belief YES 10 NO 90

Sexual orientation YES 5 NO 95

Marriage/civil partnership YES 3 NO 97

If YES, to the above, who

discriminated against you? Prisoner 58 Officer 58

Other

staff

2

5

If YES, did you report this

discrimination? YES 18 NO 82

If you reported the discrimination,

were you satisfied with the way

the matter was dealt with? YES 22 NO 78

40

BE

LIE

FS

Please indicate whether you agree with the following

statements:

I am able to observe/practice my

religion/belief in this prison YES 86 NO 14

My religion/belief is respected in

this prison by staff YES 82 NO 19

My religion/belief is respected in

this prison by other prisoners YES 79 NO 21

BO

DY

AR

T

Do you have any tattoos? YES 62 NO 39

If YES did you get any tattoos in

PRISON? YES 18 NO 82

Do you have any body piercing/s? YES 23 NO 77

If YES did you get any piercing/s

in PRISON? YES 7 NO 93

HE

PA

TIT

IS

During your time in PRISON

have you ever been tested for

Hepatitis C? YES 48 NO 52

Would you take a Hepatitis C test

if this were offered to you IN

PRISON?

YES 84 NO 16

During your time in PRISON

have you been given any

information about Hepatitis C? YES 54 NO 46

PR

ISO

NE

RS

NU

MB

ER

S

Do you think that prisoner numbers are having an impact on :

Your Safety YES 32 NO 68

Your out of cell activities/

recreation YES 43 NO 57

Your opportunities for training

and education YES 48 NO 52

Your ability to access work/prison

job YES 48 NO 52

Your ability to access

Programmes YES 51 NO 50

Your ability to access medical

services YES 55 NO 46

Your privacy in your cell YES 37 NO 63

Your quality of life generally YES 45 NO 55

41

ME

NT

AL

HE

AL

TH

& W

EL

L B

EIN

G

Feelings and thoughts over the

last 2 weeks:

None of

the time Rarely

Some of

the time Often

All of

the

time

I've been feeling optimistic about

the future 14 16 29 24 17

I've been feeling useful 16 22 31 21 11

I've been feeling relaxed 10 19 34 26 12

I've been feeling interested in

other people 20 23 33 17 7

I've had energy to spare 11 19 31 24 15

I've been dealing with problems

well 8 14 33 28 16

I've been thinking clearly 7 14 29 30 20

I've been feeling good about

myself 11 19 31 25 15

I've been feeling close to other

people 18 26 32 17 8

I've been feeling confident 10 19 30 25 16

I've been able to make up my own

mind about things 5 10 23 29 33

I've been feeling loved 27 20 21 16 16

I've been interested in new things 14 18 30 23 15

I've been feeling cheerful 11 20 34 23 12

CL

EA

NL

INE

SS

How would you describe each of

the following in THIS prison?

Very

Good Fairly Good OK

Fairly

Bad

Very

Bad

The cleanliness of your hall 21 31 30 11 7

The cleanliness of the toilet area 26 26 31 10 7

The cleanliness of the showers 24 25 29 13 10

The cleanliness of your cell when

you first moved in 15 17 30 17 22

How OFTEN do you get access

to clean bed linen?

Every

Week

Every 2

weeks

Once a

Month Never

90 4 1 5

42

FO

OD

How would you describe the

following regarding FOOD in

THIS prison:

Very

Good

Fairly

Good OK Fairly Bad

Very

Bad

The choice of menu 6 17 37 22 18

The size of the portions 5 13 32 25 25

The condition of the food when

you get it 5 11 34 26 25

The time at which meals are

served 9 19 53 9 10

The meals provided in this prison

meet my cultural/religious needs YES 29 NO 12

Not

relevant 60

CA

NT

EE

N

How would you describe the

following regarding the canteen

system (bag & tag) in THIS

prison?

Very

Good

Fairly

Good OK Fairly Bad

Very

Bad

The accuracy of my order 37 26 29 4 4

The selection of goods 12 17 30 22 19

The price of goods 11 15 35 20 19

Overall, how would you describe

the canteen system 13 20 40 16 11

Do you have difficulty

understanding/completing the

canteen order form? YES 8 NO 92

VIS

ITS

& C

ON

TA

CT

Are you in REGULAR

CONTACT with anyone outside

prison?

No Yes, by

letter

Yes, by

telephone

Yes, by

visits

Yes, by

home

leave

10 67 82 61 5

How often do you get visits from

family and friends?

Never Daily Weekly Fortnightly Monthly

Oth

er

24 4 36 15 16 12

How would you describe each of

the following?

Very

Good

Fairly

Good OK Fairly Bad

Very

Bad

Access to family and friends 20 23 41 9 7

Access to the Family Contact

Officer in THIS PRISON 10 15 47 15 13

The length of the visits 12 18 43 17 11

The ability to arrange visits 17 22 46 9 7

Facilities for children at visits 11 17 49 14 10

Facilities for disabled visitors 11 15 56 11 9

The timing of visits 11 18 50 13 8

The quality of the visit 12 18 49 13 8

43

CH

ILD

RE

N

Do you have children? YES 63 NO 38

If YES please indicate how many

children you have under 18 years

of age:

1 child 2

children

3

children

4

children

5

children

6+

children

42 31 14 7 3 3

If you have children are you

receiving visits from them? YES 41 NO 59

Were you involved in caring for

any of your children before you

came into prison for this

remand/sentence?

YES 60 NO 40

Will you be involved in caring for

any of your children when you get

out of prison? YES 59 NO 24

Don't

know 17

BU

LL

YIN

G

In THIS PRISON, have you BEEN

BULLIED by another prisoner or

group of prisoners in the LAST

MONTH?

YES 15 NO 85

If YES, what did the bullying involve?

Physical abuse 30 Religious

insults 17 Age 12

Sexual abuse 11 Racial

insults 18 Drugs 18

Money 21 Sexuality

insults 19

Name

calling 47

Respectful behaviour shown by

staff in relation to visits 16 18 43 13 11

Are there any PARTICULAR

PROBLEMS for people visiting

you in prison? YES 57 NO 43

If YES to the above, please read through the list below and say why

Distance 61 Cost 57 Refreshment

facilities 19

Location of prison 34 Stress

of visit 28

Staff

attitudes 26

No transport 35 Time

limits 37 Other 16

FA

MIL

IES

Has anyone helped you with

family issues in This Prison? YES 24 NO 76

If YES to the above please read through the list below and say who helped you

Family Contact Officer (FCO) 44 Minister 14 Imam 4 Outside

Social

Worker

17

Personal Officer 46 Priest 20 Prison

Social

Worker

17 Other 14

44

Property 20 Disability

insults 12 Other 13

If YES, did you report the

bullying? YES 26 NO 74

SA

FE

TY

Have you, in THIS PRISON,

during the LAST MONTH feared

for your safety? YES 17 NO 83

If YES, WHO made you fear for your safety?

Another prisoner 62 Group of

prisoners 47

A prison

officer 24

Non-uniformed member of staff 11

Group of prison

officers

(excluding control

& restraint)

18

In which AREAS of the prison do you fear for your safety?

Hall generally 59 Workshop/

work party 29

Corridors/

stairwells 39

Recreation 30 Toilets/

Showers 25 Cell 30

The reception area 14 Segregation

unit 9 Other 18

PR

ISO

N R

UL

ES

Have you had any difficulties in

accessing a copy of the Prison

Rules? YES 31 NO 69

Are hall staff helpful in assisting

you with issues/procedures to do

with Prison Rules? YES 60 NO 41

Do you need support to

interpret/understand Prison Rules? YES 13 NO 87

Do you need Prison Rules

translated? YES 5 NO 95

Do you need Prison Rules in

braille/larger print? YES 5 NO 95

Do you understand how to access

the Complaints Procedure? YES 68 NO 33

RE

LE

AS

E

Have you accessed any services

based in this prison to help you

prepare for release? YES 26 NO 75

If YES, which services did you access?

Housing 70 Training 28 Financial

advice 27

Employment 41 Relation

ships 16

45

WO

RK

Have you ever undertaken work in

prison? YES 78 NO 22

If YES, please answer the

following:

Prison work has helped me learn to

work regular hours YES 58 NO 42

Prison work has helped me learn to

work with other people YES 62 NO 39

Prison work has helped me take

more responsibility YES 61 NO 40

I have found prison work

interesting YES 63 NO 37

LIT

ER

AC

Y /

NU

ME

RA

CY

Have you attended a LEARNING

CENTRE in THIS PRISON? YES 49 NO 51

If YES, which subjects have you

attended? Art 52

Literacy/

Numeracy 56 IT 57

Do you have any problems with

your reading? YES 13 NO 87

Would you like help with your

reading? YES 71 NO 29

Do you have any problems in

writing? YES 17 NO 83

Would you like help with your

writing? YES 77 NO 24

Do you have any problems using

numbers? YES 14 NO 87

Would you like help with your

numbers? YES 75 NO 26

Were you ever assessed or

diagnosed as having dyslexia? No 89 Assessed 4 Diagnosed 7

AC

CO

MM

OD

AT

ION

Where were you living before

coming into prison?

Owner-Occupier 30 Private

rented 34 Squat 1

Council tenant 34 Lodger 59 Sleeping

rough 4

Housing association 17 Hostel 12

Did you lose your

tenancy/accommodation when you

came to prison? YES 49 NO 51

46

CA

RE

Were you ever in care as a child? YES 27 NO 73

Were you in care at the age of 16? YES 17 NO 83

AR

ME

D S

ER

VIC

ES

Have you ever served in the

armed forces? YES 8 NO 92

If YES, which service?

Army 78 Airforce 9

Navy 6 Reservist 7

What was your method of

discharge?

Normal 60 Administrative 16

Medical 19 Still serving 5

DIS

AB

ILIT

IES

Before coming into prison were you ever assessed or diagnosed as having any of the

following?

Autism No 98 Assessed 1 Diagnosed 1

Aspergers No 98 Assessed 1 Diagnosed 1

ADHD No 90 Assessed 4 Diagnosed 6

Personality Disorder No 91 Assessed 4 Diagnosed 6

Other No 89 Assessed 4 Diagnosed 7

PTSD (post traumatic stress

disorder) No 91 Assessed 3 Diagnosed 6

BA

CK

GR

OU

ND

Are you? (Gender) MALE 94 FEMALE 6

Are you on remand? YES 18 NO 82

Never 1-5

times 6-10 times

Over

10

times

How many times have you been

on remand before? 27 43 11 19

How many times have you been

in prison on a sentence before? 31 42 11 16

Where will you be living when you leave prison?

Owner-Occupier 13 Private

rented 10 Squat 1

Council tenant 20 Lodger 10 Sleeping

rough 2

Housing association 5 Hostel 5 Don't

know 34

47

If you are CONVICTED, how

long is your present sentence?

Up to 90

days 5

Over 1

year up to

4 years

32 Over 10

years 5

Over 3

months

up to 12

months

21 Over 4

years up

to 10 years

25 Life/

WLT 11

Have you ever served a sentence

in the community? YES 43 NO 57

Have you ever received a

custodial sentence as a result of

breaching a community sentence? YES 28 NO 72

Do you think that

convicted/sentenced prisoners

should have the right to vote in an

election?

YES 88 NO 13

What is your ethnic background? White African

Scottish 88 African, African

Scottish or

African British

1

Other British 5 Caribbean or

Black

Irish 1

Caribbean,

Caribbean

Scottish or

Caribbean

British

1

Gypsy/

Traveller 1

Black, Black

Scottish or

Black British

1

Polish 1 Arab, Arab

Scottish or Arab

British

1

Asian, Asian Scottish or

Asian British Other or Mixed

Pakistani,

Pakistani

Scottish or

Pakistani

British

1 Specify Other or

Mixed ethnic

group

1

Indian, Indian

Scottish or

Indian British

1

Bangladeshi,

Bangladeshi

Scottish or

Bangladeshi

British

1

Chinese,

Chinese Scottish

or Chinese

British

1

48

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

ATMOSPHERE

How would you describe the atmosphere in each of the following in THIS prison?

Your hall or dormitory 85 85 87 88

HEALTH

During your time in this prison, on this sentence which of the following have you attended?

Doctor 74 73 71 81

Nurse 74 75 77 80

Mental Health Staff 20 20 24 27

Dentist 33 37 39 38

None of these 8 8 6 8

FOR YOUR MOST RECENT appointment IN THIS PRISON please indicate the length of time you

waited/have been waiting to see the following health care staff:

Nurse

Same day 34 34 27 25

1-2 days 28 28 28 30

3-5 days 16 16 18 18

6-10 days 5 7 8 8

Over 10 days 7 8 9 10

Not relevant 9 8 10 9

Doctor

Same day 13 12 9 8

1-2 days 26 26 26 22

3-5 days 20 21 21 19

6-10 days 15 14 14 15

Over 10 days 15 18 17 26

Not relevant 10 10 13 11

49

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

Mental Health Staff

Same day 6 7 5 5

1-2 days 9 10 8 11

3-5 days 11 11 11 10

6-10 days 8 8 7 8

Over 10 days 24 24 19 25

Not relevant 42 42 40 41

Dentist

Same day - 2 3 1

1-2 days - 2 1 2

3-5 days - 4 5 2

6-10 days - 6 8 4

Over 10 days - 64 61 64

Not relevant - 23 22 26

HYGIENE & FITNESS

How many times A WEEK do you have AT LEAST 30 MINUTES of MODERATE EXERCISE?

(Like brisk walking)

1 or less times per week 18 18 21 20

2 to 4 times per week 24 23 23 26

5 or more times per week 58 59 56 54

DRUG USE IN PRISON

Have you EVER used ILLEGAL drugs in prison? 48 45 45 38

If YES, has your drug use changed during your current

period in prison? 83 81 81 82

If YES, in what way?

Increased 18 16 14 14

Decreased 74 77 76 63

Same use but different drugs 8 8 10 14

Only started using in prison - - - 10

50

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

Are you sharing your cell with a drug user?

YES 21 16 16 12

NO 71 77 76 83

DON'T KNOW 8 7 7 5

Have you used ILLEGAL drugs in the LAST MONTH

while in THIS PRISON? 26 22 20 28

Have you EVER INJECTED drugs IN PRISON? 8 8 7 6

Have you INJECTED drugs IN PRISON in the LAST

MONTH? 3 3 1 2

If YES, you INJECTED in the LAST MONTH, did you

share your works? 80 71 69 86

DRUG SERVICES

Are you being prescribed methadone? 20 20 23 21

If YES, is this prescription:

a REDUCING dose 15 22 20 23

a MAINTENANCE dose 85 78 80 52

a STABILISING dose - - - 25

If I was offered help for my drug problem ON THE

OUTSIDE, I would take it 45 44 47 39

If I was offered help or my drug problem IN PRISON, I

would take it 47 45 48 42

I am worried that my drug taking will be a problem when I

get out 28 26 26 21

I was assessed for drug use upon my admission to prison 52 51 56 46

I have been given the chance to receive treatment for drug

use during my sentence 39 38 41 33

I have received help/treatment for drug use during my

sentence 33 33 36 28

DRUGS BEFORE PRISON

Did you use ILLEGAL drugs in the 12 months before being

in prison? 69 67 64 62

DISABILITY AND LONG-TERM ILLNESS

Have you got a disability? - 19 19 25

Have you got a long-term illness? - 24 25 29

51

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

LITERACY

Do you have any problems with your reading? 13 13 18 13

Do you have any problems in writing? 16 15 21 17

FOOD

How would you describe each of the following in this prison?

The choice of menu 54 55 56 60

The size of portions 48 51 47 50

The condition of the food when you get it 56 56 51 50

The time at which meals are served 81 81 81 81

CANTEEN

How would you describe the following regarding the canteen system (bag & tag) in THIS prison?

The accuracy of my order 86 87 87 92

The selection of goods 57 57 56 59

The price of goods 56 56 48 61

Overall, how would you describe the canteen system 72 71 65 73

CLEANLINESS

How would you describe each of the following?

The cleanliness of your hall or dormitory 84 85 84 82

The cleanliness of the toilet area 81 83 82 83

The cleanliness of the showers 75 77 78 78

The cleanliness of your cell when you first moved in 52 54 61 62

How OFTEN do you get access to clean bed linen?

Every week 86 88 92 90

Every 2 weeks 5 4 3 4

Once a month 1 1 1 1

Never 7 6 4 5

52

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

VISITS & CONTACT

Are you in REGULAR CONTACT with anyone outside the prison?

No 8 8 7 10

Yes, by letter 67 70 73 67

Yes, by telephone 73 76 74 82

Yes, by visits 58 61 63 61

Yes, by home leave 4 3 4 5

How often do you get visits from family and friends?

Never 21 21 23 24

Daily 6 5 4 4

Weekly 37 34 32 36

Fortnightly 15 16 16 15

Monthly 12 13 14 16

Other 10 11 11 12

How would you describe each of the following?

Access to family and friends 79 81 81 84

Access to FCO in this prison 66 70 70 72

The length of the visits 58 63 63 73

The ability to arrange visits 71 80 84 85

Facilities for children at visits 67 66 70 77

Facilities for disabled visitors 72 76 77 82

The timing of visits 68 75 75 79

The quality of visits - 71 73 79

Are there any particular problems for people visiting you in

this prison? 64 61 63 57

53

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

CHILDREN

Do you have children? 51 52 49 63

If YES, please indicate how many children you have under 18 years of age:

1 child 46 48 46 42

2 children 30 29 27 31

3 children 14 13 12 14

4 children 6 6 7 7

5 children 2 2 3 3

6+ children 2 2 1 3

DRUG USE OUTSIDE

My drug taking was a problem for me ON THE OUTSIDE 44 41 39 35

I was under the influence of drugs at the time of my offence 49 45 44 39

I committed my offence to get money for drugs 22 19 18 16

I was receiving treatment for my drug use before my

imprisonment 21 21 23 21

ALCOHOL

I was drunk at the time of my offence 49 50 50 45

My drinking affected my ability to hold down a job 23 24 25 21

My drinking affected my relationships with family 36 38 38 35

If I was offered help IN PRISON for alcohol problems I

would take it 46 47 48 41

If I was offered help ON THE OUTSIDE for alcohol

problems I would take it 42 43 45 39

I am worried that alcohol will be a problem for me when I

get out 23 23 24 21

Have you used alcohol in the LAST MONTH while in

THIS PRISON? 6 7 6 5

I was assessed for alcohol use on my admission to prison 36 38 37 33

I have been given the chance to receive treatment for

alcohol problems during my sentence 37 39 35 31

I have received help/treatment for alcohol problems during

my sentence 22 24 23 20

54

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

SMOKING

Do you SHARE your cell with a SMOKER/SMOKERS? 54 43 46 34

Are you a SMOKER? 79 76 76 74

If YES, do you want to give up smoking? 55 58 56 60

Have you received advice on smoking & its related health

risks since coming to prison? - - - 34

POPULATION

Do you think that prisoner numbers are having an impact on:

Your safety 48 45 44 32

Your out of cell activities/recreation 58 57 59 43

Your opportunities for training and education 61 61 64 48

Your ability to access medical services 60 62 64 55

Your privacy in your cell 50 45 50 37

Your quality of life generally 60 58 57 45

HEPATITIS C

Do you have any body piercing/s? 23 23 22 23

If YES, did you get any piercing/s in PRISON? 6 6 9 7

Do you have any tattoos? 54 55 59 62

If YES, did you get any tattoos in PRISON? 18 17 13 18

During your time IN PRISON have you ever been tested for

Hepatitis C? 31 32 48 48

Would you take a Hepatitis C test if this were offered to you

IN PRISON? 81 81 85 84

During your time in PRISON have you been given any

information about Hepatitis C? 51 49 58 54

55

YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISONS 2008 2009 2011 2013

MENTAL HEALTH & WELL BEING

I've been feeling optimistic about the future 71 64 72 70

I've been feeling useful 59 74 60 63

I've been feeling relaxed 68 67 71 72

I've been feeling interested in other people 52 53 56 57

I've had energy to spare 69 64 71 70

I've been dealing with problems well 75 77 77 77

I've been thinking clearly 78 79 80 79

I've been feeling good about myself 68 63 70 71

I've been feeling close to other people 52 55 56 57

I've been feeling confident 69 62 71 71

I've been able to make up my own mind about things 85 85 85 85

I've been feeling loved 53 55 55 53

I've been interested in new things 65 64 68 68

I've been feeling cheerful 66 68 68 69

BULLYING & SAFETY

Bullying (Have you been bullied in the last month) 12 11 10 15

Safety (Feared for Safety in the last month) 18 18 16 17

RELATIONSHIPS

How well would you say you got on with each of the following groups?

Prisoners in your hall 91 91 94 95

Officers in your hall/dormitory 91 92 91 92

Staff in the VEHICLE on your most recent COURT escort 79 80 80 79

Staff in the COURT on your most recent visit to COURT 74 75 73 73

LIFE SKILLS

Have you attended a LEARNING CENTRE in THIS

PRISON? 43 46 47 49

56

ESTABLISHMENT COMPARISONS

GREEN shading represents establishments which are in the highest two ratings while RED

shading represents establishments which are in the lowest two ratings

(**The colour has been adjusted to account for the negative in these questions with GREEN

noting the lowest scores and RED the highest scores in these cases)

ESTABLISHMENT

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ATMOSPHERE

How would you describe the atmosphere in each of the following in THIS prison?

Your hall or dormitory

89 90 85 89 92 86 89 91 93 84 98 91 94 91 96

HEALTH

During your time in this prison, on this sentence which of the following have you attended?

Doctor 81 88 75 80 89 78 90 89 88 88 91 78 84 88 93

Nurse 79 87 75 85 87 78 91 77 72 79 83 78 80 79 87

Mental Health Staff 17 37 23 47 27 22 34 25 38 25 16 27 29 25 28

Dentist 29 41 20 46 56 39 57 44 50 47 46 35 43 47 64

None of these 10 4 12 2 4 8 2 4 7 4 9 9 4 4 4

FOR YOUR MOST RECENT appointment IN THIS PRISON please indicate the length of time you waited/have been waiting to see the following health care staff:

Nurse

Same day 18 19 17 26 61 34 14 21 36 34 22 16 42 40 32

1-2 days 17 40 32 19 23 34 40 35 28 21 45 13 26 24 40

3-5 days 30 19 20 25 7 9 28 23 12 17 19 20 16 10 13

6-10 days 12 7 9 11 1 5 8 9 3 17 0 20 4 5 4

Over 10 days 13 10 13 14 1 9 6 6 5 8 6 22 4 6 8

Not relevant 12 6 10 5 7 11 4 7 16 4 9 11 8 16 3

Doctor

Same day 5 6 8 9 13 5 6 9 11 5 11 7 19 14 5

1-2 days 23 15 23 21 56 18 22 27 46 16 27 13 36 29 18

3-5 days 19 7 18 8 17 16 27 29 18 23 39 10 19 14 23

6-10 days 17 17 15 14 4 20 20 19 8 29 4 11 10 5 17

Over 10 days 25 47 24 36 3 29 18 11 6 23 10 46 10 6 33

Not relevant 11 9 13 12 7 14 6 6 11 4 9 13 7 32 3

Mental Health Staff

Same day 0 1 4 10 6 3 5 6 4 7 4 1 0 14 10

1-2 days 5 3 13 10 12 12 15 11 27 3 7 5 4 16 16

3-5 days 8 10 14 19 8 6 11 14 20 1 7 10 25 9 8

6-10 days 5 11 9 12 6 9 10 9 11 9 4 7 13 7 5

Over 10 days 34 42 20 23 39 18 20 19 7 42 15 38 21 11 21

Not relevant 47 33 40 27 31 51 39 41 31 38 63 38 38 43 40

Dentist

Same day 0 1 1 2 9 1 2 1 2 2 0 1 0 1 1

1-2 days 1 0 2 2 16 0 2 1 14 2 0 1 0 3 1

3-5 days 0 1 2 2 16 1 3 0 18 3 2 0 5 2 1

6-10 days 11 2 4 2 16 3 3 6 16 4 8 4 3 3 1

Over 10 days 57 70 56 66 32 72 74 76 25 71 63 70 62 43 79

Not relevant 30 26 36 27 13 23 17 15 26 19 27 26 30 48 15

57

ESTABLISHMENT

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HYGIENE & FITNESS

How many times A WEEK do you have AT LEAST 30 MINUTES of MODERATE EXERCISE? (Like brisk

walking)

1 or less times per week

19 23 14 40 21 18 22 15 14 17 7 20 29 43 16

2 to 4 times per week

13 26 31 17 30 26 23 22 27 22 14 22 23 32 27

5 or more times per week

69 51 56 43 50 56 55 63 59 61 80 59 48 26 57

DRUG USE IN PRISON

Have you EVER

used ILLEGAL drugs in prison?

44 43 36 29 21 40 25 45 44 53 23 51 47 34 47

If YES, has your

drug use changed during your current period in prison?

83 79 82 96 91 80 86 86 77 80 n=14 86 88 67 86

If YES, in what way?

Increased n=4 18 15 5 5 19 12 n=4 11 11 0 9 9 12 18

Decreased n=23 56 60 77 84 55 69 n=39 78 66 n=10 75 73 63 55

Same use but different drugs

n=7 14 15 5 0 15 9 n=6 7 12 n=4 13 18 20 16

Only started using in prison

n=2 13 11 14 11 11 10 n=8 4 11 n=1 4 0 5 11

Are you sharing your cell with a drug user?

YES 22 2 23 16 13 17 6 2 19 3 6 25 6 9 1

NO 76 97 69 77 80 79 90 98 71 96 90 67 89 86 98

DON'T KNOW 2 1 8 7 7 4 4 0 10 1 4 9 4 6 1

Have you used ILLEGAL drugs in the LAST MONTH while in THIS PRISON?

33 36 29 20 14 35 15 19 23 23 12 40 33 28 30

Have you EVER INJECTED drugs IN PRISON?

16 6 5 2 4 6 4 8 9 7 7 10 9 4 6

Have you INJECTED drugs IN PRISON in the LAST MONTH?

1 1 2 0 4 2 n=4 2 0 3 1 3 2 2 n=3

If YES, you INJECTED in the LAST MONTH, did

you share your works?

n=1 n=3 n=7 0 n=2 n=5 n=4 n=1 n=3 n=4 n=1 86 n=

1 n=5 n=3

58

ESTABLISHMENT

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DRUG SERVICES

Are you being prescribed methadone?

37 22 22 20 5 19 10 31 11 37 10 34 33 7 23

If YES, is this prescription:

a REDUCING dose n=9 22 28 n=4 n=2 11 15 n=9 38 14 n=5 19 38 19 22

a MAINTENANCE

dose n=17 55 45 n=8 n=2 73 37 n=18 50 68 n=2 55 44 50 47

a STABILISING

dose n=5 23 27 n=3 n=1 17 48

n=12

13 18 0 26 19 31 31

If I was offered help for my drug problem ON THE OUTSIDE, I would take it

45 45 44 41 31 44 25 45 33 48 18 53 37 35 30

If I was offered help or my drug problem IN PRISON, I would take it

46 46 43 41 31 45 27 49 39 51 27 54 44 39 36

I am worried that my drug taking will be a problem when I get out

29 23 25 17 16 26 8 22 16 22 4 29 28 21 17

I was assessed for drug use upon my admission to prison

49 58 49 45 32 46 32 50 31 53 37 58 49 41 41

I have been given the chance to receive treatment for drug use during my sentence

36 33 32 32 26 34 24 47 29 39 28 42 35 30 29

I have received help/treatment for drug use during my sentence

33 28 28 29 26 27 24 43 21 32 23 36 28 21 27

DRUGS BEFORE PRISON

Did you use ILLEGAL drugs in the 12 months

before being in prison?

67 73 62 57 40 61 39 69 60 69 37 74 77 80 51

DISABILITY AND LONG-TERM ILLNESS

Have you got a disability?

22 24 33 24 29 26 28 24 19 33 9 31 27 16 18

Have you got a long-term illness?

22 30 34 31 30 31 33 26 19 33 21 34 33 13 22

LITERACY

Do you have any problems with your reading?

15 14 12 11 15 11 11 12 12 10 6 15 9 21 13

Do you have any problems in writing?

21 17 16 14 19 17 15 12 10 16 10 19 17 23 17

59

ESTABLISHMENT

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FOOD

How would you describe each of the following in this prison?

The choice of menu 65 66 59 66 60 47 67 65 69 72 68 57 68 55 59

The size of portions 64 53 41 66 41 41 52 66 56 74 78 49 64 51 43

The condition of the food when you get it

59 52 53 53 60 33 44 76 69 51 74 50 71 47 37

The time at which meals are served

83 82 81 82 88 84 75 84 92 87 84 86 81 82 72

CANTEEN

How would you describe the following regarding the canteen system (bag & tag) in THIS prison?

The accuracy of my order

93 88 91 92 91 92 94 91 94 96 94 96 97 94 94

The selection of goods

55 83 42 62 60 62 56 63 65 87 77 72 55 55 52

The price of goods 70 82 59 72 61 57 53 64 75 80 77 57 79 62 38

Overall, how would you describe the canteen system

76 86 62 73 73 73 70 72 77 90 80 81 69 75 65

CLEANLINESS

How would you describe each of the following?

The cleanliness of your hall or dormitory

78 87 77 87 91 79 79 85 96 70 75 83 83 86 90

The cleanliness of the toilet area

69 93 76 87 90 82 89 79 87 88 66 81 72 78 88

The cleanliness of the showers

62 95 73 89 86 71 77 70 80 50 50 74 71 83 97

The cleanliness of your cell when you first moved in

47 61 53 74 72 50 60 64 72 61 59 66 73 60 89

How OFTEN do you

get access to clean bed linen?

Every week 93 90 94 96 97 92 93 89 97 74 96 96 89 86 76

Every 2 weeks 3 4 4 1 1 4 2 2 0 3 2 2 2 8 4

Once a month 3 2 1 0 1 2 2 0 2 2 0 1 0 2 1

Never 1 4 1 3 1 2 3 9 1 21 3 1 9 4 20

VISITS & CONTACT

Are you in REGULAR CONTACT with anyone outside the prison?

No 13 8 11 12 12 17 12 7 13 8 5 13 8 6 5

Yes, by letter 54 64 64 68 73 63 73 77 65 64 64 61 65 74 73

Yes, by telephone 80 84 81 80 80 74 76 82 83 85 93 78 84 86 88

Yes, by visits 55 67 59 57 60 56 60 61 54 65 60 57 57 65 71

Yes, by home leave 2 1 2 4 0 1 1 19 0 4 78 1 0 2 1

How often do you get visits from family and friends?

Never 23 18 27 30 31 31 28 28 32 20 22 29 33 18 13

Daily 5 3 6 1 2 6 3 9 4 3 4 4 0 3 1

Weekly 36 50 39 35 17 34 20 24 33 36 22 36 33 41 39

Fortnightly 13 16 13 15 13 10 18 13 20 21 16 14 16 24 15

Monthly 15 12 13 13 20 15 25 17 7 14 27 14 14 12 25

Other 14 11 9 13 21 12 15 11 7 15 18 9 16 10 17

60

ESTABLISHMENT

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How would you describe each of the following?

Access to family and friends

80 89 80 81 81 79 83 84 78 90 92 87 74 78 90

Access to FCO in this prison

62 60 69 90 69 68 70 76 76 73 84 77 73 79 75

The length of the visits

59 84 60 54 78 56 90 74 67 85 90 78 81 54 87

The ability to arrange visits

77 93 80 90 87 83 92 90 88 86 91 84 71 81 91

Facilities for children at visits

69 81 72 81 76 78 81 65 72 82 76 73 70 78 80

Facilities for disabled visitors

83 81 75 83 82 80 82 82 90 87 88 83 84 76 82

The timing of visits 84 83 70 77 81 71 88 78 87 84 86 84 78 77 85

The quality of visits 71 82 68 74 88 72 89 72 84 86 85 81 80 78 87

Are there any particular problems for people visiting you in this prison?

67 52 52 60 66 62 57 52 57 44 66 50 71 65 61

CHILDREN

1 child 51 35 40 44 42 44 39 47 39 35 42 43 53 60 41

2 children 30 36 34 30 33 29 36 32 36 37 24 30 27 26 26

3 children 6 13 13 22 12 13 12 12 18 17 16 16 13 6 18

4 children 9 10 7 4 2 8 5 4 5 7 10 5 3 1 6

5 children 2 4 3 0 5 3 3 3 3 1 4 4 0 3 5

6+ children 2 3 4 0 7 3 4 3 0 3 4 2 3 0 4

DRUG USE OUTSIDE

My drug taking was a problem for me ON THE OUTSIDE

41 39 35 42 25 39 23 42 25 37 24 47 42 41 25

I was under the influence of drugs at the time of my offence

46 45 38 45 26 41 26 40 29 38 20 54 46 53 32

I committed my offence to get money for drugs

20 16 16 14 12 22 8 14 7 16 11 27 23 15 11

I was receiving treatment for my drug use before my imprisonment

31 23 24 23 10 21 11 29 15 29 7 29 29 14 15

61

ESTABLISHMENT

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ALCOHOL

I was drunk at the time of my offence

43 48 51 47 37 39 37 52 59 48 21 40 46 66 43

My drinking affected my ability to hold down a job

15 24 29 28 13 18 15 27 27 22 4 19 17 22 16

My drinking affected my relationships with family

30 38 42 39 22 32 30 40 49 30 11 32 31 46 26

If I was offered help IN PRISON for

alcohol problems I would take it

47 42 47 50 29 44 41 50 51 41 33 32 43 45 34

If I was offered help ON THE OUTSIDE

for alcohol problems I would take it

39 39 45 47 28 40 37 47 48 40 30 31 35 42 30

I am worried that alcohol will be a problem for me when I get out

19 23 27 27 13 19 16 21 28 27 1 17 26 29 10

Have you used alcohol in the LAST MONTH while in THIS PRISON?

6 7 5 4 3 6 4 5 4 5 3 5 15 5 2

I was assessed for alcohol use on my admission to prison

35 34 36 27 26 32 31 38 41 29 43 26 38 29 34

I have been given the chance to receive treatment for alcohol problems during my sentence

31 31 30 27 37 29 38 34 40 23 39 21 35 34 35

I have received help/treatment for alcohol problems during my sentence

16 20 19 22 24 19 30 28 27 12 26 14 15 19 19

SMOKING

Do you SHARE

your cell with a SMOKER/ SMOKERS?

- 9 55 46 35 39 31 6 70 10 10 57 9 32 8

Are you a SMOKER?

82 76 77 83 52 76 61 84 75 75 43 83 78 78 63

If YES, do you want

to give up smoking? 72 63 63 39 54 53 60 56 66 60 83 63 53 54 64

Have you received advice on smoking & its related health risks since coming to prison?

33 27 25 48 45 27 44 37 45 40 56 28 28 32 55

62

ESTABLISHMENT

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POPULATION

Do you think that prisoner numbers are having an impact on:

Your safety 35 36 38 32 24 35 42 30 13 31 27 31 32 19 31

Your out of cell activities/recreation

38 30 61 38 42 44 43 38 39 37 32 43 43 36 36

Your opportunities for training and education

40 43 59 40 42 50 56 49 35 43 34 47 39 31 50

Your ability to access medical services

47 58 62 60 34 56 56 51 27 55 44 61 37 29 61

Your privacy in your cell

33 20 58 45 42 39 49 23 33 30 43 37 19 23 21

Your quality of life generally

37 35 60 54 44 47 53 35 37 37 38 46 33 30 40

HEPATITIS C

Do you have any body piercing/s?

22 18 18 55 18 33 22 32 23 24 15 29 28 29 13

If YES, did you get

any piercing/s in PRISON?

6 8 7 3 13 7 6 n=4 n=1 5 n=2 3 17 11 12

Do you have any tattoos?

69 71 58 63 38 61 54 69 64 74 63 68 60 54 63

If YES, did you get

any tattoos in PRISON?

13 16 17 2 18 18 15 n=20 n=7 24 n=5 19 20 15 30

During your time IN PRISON have you

ever been tested for Hepatitis C?

41 54 37 53 37 43 59 63 50 62 52 50 59 36 65

Would you take a Hepatitis C test if this were offered to you IN PRISON?

79 90 80 88 77 89 84 88 85 86 87 86 89 75 89

During your time in PRISON have you

been given any information about Hepatitis C?

46 48 41 52 47 55 69 56 64 59 84 65 66 49 64

63

ESTABLISHMENT

Ab

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MENTAL HEALTH & WELL BEING

I've been feeling optimistic about the future

72 70 66 62 74 69 71 74 68 70 86 72 76 65 73

I've been feeling useful

64 63 56 57 65 59 68 64 55 60 83 61 78 54 66

I've been feeling relaxed

76 71 67 56 77 66 77 74 79 73 85 75 85 65 78

I've been feeling interested in other people

55 58 50 60 66 57 57 57 45 54 80 57 68 44 66

I've had energy to spare

77 70 68 62 74 62 66 71 71 69 79 73 72 73 75

I've been dealing with problems well

76 80 73 72 81 75 81 78 75 75 91 53 94 73 85

I've been thinking clearly

83 77 75 73 79 79 81 80 77 84 91 77 91 73 84

I've been feeling good about myself

71 69 67 54 70 68 71 78 62 68 84 70 77 65 78

I've been feeling close to other people

49 62 50 56 56 56 52 61 58 58 78 56 69 50 63

I've been feeling confident

68 71 68 58 73 71 70 75 72 69 85 70 74 65 79

I've been able to make up my own mind about things

82 88 83 81 77 87 86 86 83 83 89 87 91 80 89

I've been feeling loved

60 55 48 51 54 49 48 62 54 57 80 47 54 46 66

I've been interested in new things

69 68 63 66 64 67 69 79 67 66 86 63 76 66 78

I've been feeling cheerful

72 68 63 70 66 66 70 76 61 70 90 71 77 64 79

BULLYING & SAFETY

Bullying (Bullied in the last month)

19 14 13 14 17 16 18 11 12 13 16 14 14 16 19

Safety (Feared for Safety in the last month)

24 17 16 19 17 15 22 10 10 19 19 16 16 21 16

RELATIONSHIPS

How well would you say you got on with each of the following groups?

Prisoners in your hall

94 97 94 91 91 96 96 92 98 95 97 98 98 96 97

Officers in your hall/dormitory

92 90 88 92 93 94 91 93 92 92 97 94 96 91 97

Staff in the VEHICLE on your

most recent COURT escort

85 82 77 89 84 86 74 80 95 79 - 81 83 87 80

Staff in the COURT

on your most recent visit to COURT

83 72 68 84 79 79 69 71 94 74 - 78 78 81 75

LIFE SKILLS

Have you attended a LEARNING CENTRE in THIS PRISON?

54 63 39 53 50 37 57 50 53 49 59 40 48 38 66

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