principles of management session. 1 introduction to management & organizations usman sadiq...
TRANSCRIPT
Principles of ManagementSession. 1
Introduction to Management &
Organizations
USMAN SADIQ (Ph.D. Scholar)
Our expectations? Hard work Honesty Responsible attitude
AFTER STUDYING THIS CHAPTER YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
• Define Business and describe the characteristics of Organization.
• Differentiate between managerial and non-managerial employees.
• Describe Management.• Explain the functions, roles, and skills of
managers and how the manager's job is changing.
• Recognize the value of studying Management
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Business :
The term “Business” signifies individual & group activities directed towards wealth generation through goods & services (recognized by the law).
Organization:
A group of people working together in a structured and coordinated fashion to achieve a set of goals is called organization.
Goals & Objectives:
Goals are the end results towards which all the activities are directed. Different organizations may have different goals. e.g. Profitability, Growth, Market Penetration, Productivity, Leadership, Client Satisfaction etc.Objectives are sub goals.
SOME IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW
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What is Management...
Coordination and oversight of the work
activities of others so that their activities
are completed efficiently and effectively.
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Effectiveness VS Efficiency
Doing the right things , or completing activities so that organization goals are attained, called
Effectiveness.
Doing the things right, or getting the most output from the least amount of
inputs, called Efficiency.
Why Efficiency & Effectiveness
are important to Management
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What are the functions of Management?
OR
What is Management Process?
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Four Functions of Management
Four Functions of Management
PlanningChoose Goals
OrganizingWorking together
Leading Coordinate
ControllingMonitor & measure
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1-Planning
A Management
function that involves
defining goals,
establishing strategies for
achieving those goals,
and developing plans to
integrate and coordinate
activities.
Planning Process consists of five steps Objective-setting Forecasting Strategy formation Setting specific
standards Continual review
and revision
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2-Organizing
Organizing is the
establishment of relationship
between:
• Activities• Persons• Physical factors
or
Structuring working
relationships in a way that
allows organizational
members to achieve
organizational goals.
Function of Organizing involves:
1. Division of Labor2. Departmentalization 3. Staff positioning4. Assigning authority or
Delegation of power5. Equalizing authority
and responsibility
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3-Leading
Management function that involves working with and through people to accomplish organizational task.
In leading functions subordinates are guided, supervised and motivated by managers
Components involve in leading function are:
1. Supervision2. Motivation3. Communication4. Bringing about
change5. Managing conflict
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4-Controlling
Management function that
involves monitoring actual
performance ,comparing
standards, and taking corrective
actions if necessary.
Process consist of:
1. Measuring
2. Comparing
3. Correcting
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SET PERFORMANCE
STANDARDS
STANDARDS WITHINLIMITS
CONTINUE WORK
PROGRESS
TAKECORRECTIVE
ACTION
COMPAREMEASURE
PERFORMANCE DETERMINE DEVIATION
NO YES
Controlling Process
Management Functions
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Management as Systematic Approach
Goals
Inputs
i. Human Resources
ii. Financial Resources
iii. Physical Resources
iv. Information Resources
MANAGEMENT PROCESS
ORGANIZING
PLANNING
Effectively Completion of Goals+
CONTROLLING
Leading
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The Universality of Management
The reality that management is needed in all types and sizes of organization, at all organizational levels, in all organizational areas, and in organization no matter where located.
Universal Need for Management
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Managers are those people who work
with and through other people
for getting activities completed in order
to accomplish organizational goals.
Manager
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Difference between Managers and Operatives
• Operatives are people who work directly on a job or task & have no responsibility for overseeing the work of others.
In contrast• Managers direct the activities of
other people in the organization.
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What are their Objectives?
To achieve the organizational goal, managers pursue the following objectives.– Efficient use of resources– Customer satisfaction– Adequate return on capital– Satisfied workforce– Improved work conditions– Building supplier relationship– Contribution to national goal
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Kinds of Managers
Basically there are three levels of managers
i. Top Managersii. Middle Managersiii. First-line Managers
TOP LEVEL
MIDDLE LEVEL
FIRST-LINE MANAGER
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Basic Managerial
Roles & Skills
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Managerial Role.
The managerial roles are divided into three basic categories identified by Henry Mintzberg.
1. Interpersonal Role2. Informational Role3. Decisional Role
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Managerial Skills
There are number of skills that a Manager needs but three of them are pre-requisite to their success
– Technical Skills– Interpersonal Skills– Conceptual Skills
Skills Needed at Different Management Levels
Six Must Have” Managerial Skills
• Team Work• Self Management • Leadership • Critical Thinking • Professionalism • Communication
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HOW THE MANAGER’S JOB IS
CHANGING
RolesRoles
SkillsSkills
ManagerManager
InterpersonalInterpersonal
InformationalInformational
DecisionalDecisional
Liaison
Leader
Figure Head
Spokes person
Disseminator
Monitor
Entrepreneur
Resource Allocator
Negotiator
Disturbance Handler
Technical Skills
Interpersonal skills
Conceptual Skills
Diagnostic Skills
Levels Levels
Top Level
Middle Level
First level
Components of Management
Components of Management
MANAGEMENT
Changes and ManagementChanges and Management
Universality of ManagementUniversality of Management
All sizes of Organizations
All Types of Organizations
All Organizational Levels
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Motivation
Communication
Bringing Change
Managing Conflicts
Supervision
Measuring
Comparing
Correcting
FunctionsFunctions
PLANNINGPLANNING ORGANIZINGORGANIZING
LEADING LEADING CONTROLLINGCONTROLLING
Goal setting
Forecasting
Strategy Formation
Review & Revision
Standard Setting
Division of labor
Departmentalization
Staff Positioning
Delegation of Power
Equalizing authority & Responsibility
Digitization
Changing security threats
Organizational & Managerial Ethics
Increased Competitiveness
THANK YOU