Presentation on the topic

ISIS or ISIL

Prepared by

Muhammed Sadiq Khan

Maths Department

Cadet College Spinkai

South Waziristan

ISIS or ISIL

CONTENTS

• Introduction

• History of ISIS

• Goals & Aims of ISIS

• Areas Controlled by ISIS

• Finance

• Weapons used by ISIS

• Media Propaganda of ISIS

• Coalition Against ISIS

INTRODUCTION OF ISIL

ISIS

• Several Names

1. ISIL

2. Da‘ish (داعش)

والشامالعراقفياإلسالميةالدولة .3 (Arabic)

4. IS (Islamic State)

ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)

ISIL (Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant)

Arabic acronym Da‘ish ( داعش)

والشامالعراقفياإلسالميةالدولة

(Arabic)

ad-Dawlah al-Islāmīyah fī al-‘Irāq

wash-Shām

HISTORY of ISIS

HISTORY of ISIS

• Founded in 1999 by Abu Musab al-

Zarqawi under the name Jamāʻat al-

Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād,

• In October 2004, al-Zarqawi swore

loyalty to Osama bin Laden and

changed the group's name to TanẓīmQāʻidat al-Jihād fī Bilād al-Rāfidayn,

commonly known as al-Qaeda in

Iraq (AQI).

HISTORY of ISIS

• 2006, AQI merged with several other

Iraqi insurgent groups to form

the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC).

Al-Zarqawi was killed in June 2006.

• On 12 October 2006, the Mujahideen

Shura Council merged with several

more insurgent factions, and on 13

October the establishment of

the Dawlat al-ʻIraq al-

Islāmīyah, Islamic State of Iraq (ISI)

was announced.

HISTORY of ISIS

• Leader of this group was

Abu Abdullah al-Baghdadi.

• April 2010, Abu Bakr al-

Baghdadi became the new leader of the group.

• April 2013, having expanded into Syria, the group adopted the name Islamic State of

Iraq and al-Sham (ISIL), which more fully translates as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

• (the word ‘Levant’ means ‘Greater Syria’).

HISTORY of ISIS

• On 29 June 2014, ISIL proclaimed itself

to be a worldwide caliphate under the

name "Islamic State“ (IS)

• Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi named its

"caliph".

• As caliphate, it claims religious, political

and military authority over

all Muslims worldwide. It considers all

other emirates, groups, states, and

organizations as illegal.

Goals of ISIS

GOALS

• From at least since 2004, a significant

goal of the group has been the

foundation of an Islamic state.

• Specifically, ISIL has sought to

establish itself as a Caliphate, an

Islamic state led by a group of

religious authorities under a supreme

leader—the Caliph.

• Elimination of the present boundaries

between Muslim countries.

7 Aug 2014 NSF Caliphate 13

The World as ISIS Sees It

Areas Controlled by ISIS

FINANCES of ISIS

FINANCES

• In mid-2014, the organization had

assets worth US$2 billion, making it

the richest jihadist group in the

world.

• About three quarters of this sum is

said to be represented by assets

seized after the group captured

Mosul (Iraq’s second largest city) in

June 2014.

7 Aug 2014 NSF Caliphate 17

OIL FIELDS AND PIPELINES

FINANCES

• One US intelligence official has

estimated that ISIL earns US$1 million

a day from the export of oil. Much of

the oil is sold illegally in Turkey.

• Dubai-based energy analysts have put

the combined oil revenue from ISIL's

Iraqi-Syrian production as high as

US$3 million per day.

• ISIL also extracts wealth through

taxation and extortion.

WEAPONS

WEAPONS

• CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS

• ISIL relies mostly on captured weapons.

Major sources are Saddam Hussein's

Iraqi stockpiles from the 2003–11 Iraq

insurgency and weapons from

government and opposition forces

fighting in the Syrian Civil War .

• The captured weapons, including armor,

guns, surface-to-air missiles, and even

some aircraft, enabled rapid territorial

growth and facilitated the capture of

additional equipment.

WEAPONS

• NON-CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS

• The group has a long history of using

truck and car bombs, suicide

bombers, and IEDs, and has used

chemical weapons in Iraq and Syria.

• ISIL captured nuclear materials

from Mosul University in July 2014,

but is unlikely to be able to turn them

into weapons.

MEDIA PROPAGANDA of ISIS

MEDIA PROPAGANDA of ISIS

• ISIL is known for its well-funded web and

social media propaganda, which

includes Internet videos of the

beheadings of soldiers, civilians,

journalists, and aid workers.

• ISIS is using techniques copied from

movies, video games and news channels

to spread its message.

• Isis has proved its expertise in YouTube,

Twitter, Facebook and other social

media.

ISLAMIC CRITICISM

• Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Abdul-

Aziz ibn Abdullah, condemned the

Islamic State and al-Qaeda.

• 126 Sunni imams and Islamic scholars

from around the Muslim world signed

an open letter to the Islamic State's

leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,

explicitly rejecting and refuting his

group's interpretations of Islamic

scriptures, the Qur'an and hadith.

CONSPIRACY THEORIES ABOUT ISIS

• Conspiracy theorists in the Arab world

have advanced rumors that the U.S. is

secretly behind the existence and

emboldening of ISIL, as part of an

attempt to further destabilizes the

Middle East.

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi-- an Israeli

agent and actor called Simon Elliot.

CONSPIRACY THEORIES ABOUT ISIS

• After such rumors became

widespread, the U.S. embassy in

Lebanon issued an official statement

denying the allegations, calling them

a complete fabrication.

• Others are convinced that ISIL

leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi is an

Israeli intelligence Mossad agent and

actor called Simon Elliot.

COALITION AGAINST ISIS

COALITION AGAINST ISIS

• In response to advances made by

the ISIS militants, many states began

to intervene in the ongoing civil wars

in Syria and Iraq.

• August 2014, the United

States assembled a coalition of

partner countries to combat ISIL.

• Various countries contributed

aircraft, military aid to local ground

forces, military advisors to train local

ground forces.

COALITION AGAINST ISIS

• Coalition against ISIL includes USA,

Britain, France, Germany, Australia,

UAE, Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and a

number of other countries.

• In addition to military efforts, many

countries mounted a considerable

humanitarian effort to assist ethnic

minorities in northern Iraq who are

under the threat of genocide or had

fled from ISIL in Iraqi Kurdistan and

other areas.