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Definitions of Leadership

From the Scholars

A process whereby an individual sets goals for anorganization and solicits the support of others towork for their accomplishment

Roald Campbell

A process of influencing an organized group inits efforts toward goal setting and goalachievement

Stogdill

The initiation of a new structure or procedure foraccomplishing an organizations goals andobjectives

Hemphill

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Working Definitions

Leadership The process of influencing theactivities of an organized group in its efforts

toward goal setting and good achievement.

Leadership The exercise of influence.

Leadership The ability to work with and through

people to accomplish group goals.

Educational Leadership The process of

facilitating those activities that enhance teaching

and learning.

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Leadership is the catalyst that

determines if and to what extent a

group or organization accomplishes

its goals.

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Essential Tasks of Leaders

Institution Building

Vision Building

Climate Building

Goal Setting

Establishing/Affirming

Values

Motivating

Communicating

Resolving Conflict

Serving as a SymbolRepresenting the

Group/Unit/Organ.

Renewing

Evaluating

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LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONS

By Gary A. Yukl, 1994.

TABLE 9-1 Traits and Skills Found Most

Frequently to Be Characteristic

of Successful Leaders

Traits Skills

Adaptable to situations Clever (intelligent)

Alert to social environment Conceptually skilled

Ambitious and achievement-oriented Creative

Assertive Diplomatic and tactful

Cooperative Fluent in speaking

Decisive Knowledgeable about group task

Dependable Organized (administrative ability)

Dominant (desire to influence others) PersuasiveEnergetic (high activity level) Socially skilled

Persistent

Self-confident

Tolerant of stress

Willing to assume responsibility

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The Principal as School Leader

Through effective leadership, the principal canmake a substantial difference :

in the education and lives of students;

in the professional work experiences of teachers;

andin the school as a whole.

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Basic Skills Needed by

Administrators

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Leadership

Institution Building

Vision BuildingGoal setting

Affirming Values

Etc., Etc., Etc.

Management

Planning

Organizing

Motivating

Communicating

Coordinating

Controlling

Evaluation

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Leader vs. ManagerDichotomy

Leader is Manager is

concerned with: concerned with:

Improving the

organization

Doing the right thing

(Product)

Flourishing/growing/

improving

Maintaining the

organization

Doing things right

(Process)

Existing, maintaining

status quo, routines,

etc.

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MANAGEMENT SKILLS NEEDED AT VARIOUS

LEVELS OF AN ORGANIZATION

Management

Levels

TOP

Management

MIDDLE

Management

SUPERVISORYManagement

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Ones Orientation Determines How The

Principals Role is Carried Out

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Different Orientations of Principals

Instructional Leader Seeks to support and improveinstruction; foster teaching and learning

Building Administrator Seeks to effectively &

smoothly manage school operations

Disciplinarian Seeks to manage, enforce schoolrules, and adjudicate student disciplinary problems;

engage in crowd control activities

Secular Soul Saver Seeks to redeem and

rehabilitate wayward youth

Public Relations/Politician Seeks to build and

sustain support for school and self

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The Concept of Leadership Density in

a School

Principal

Asst. Prin. Asst. Prin.

Teacher A Teacher B Teacher C Teacher D

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THE FUTURE EXECUTIVE MUST BE:

1. Brainy/intellectual

2. Low-key

3. Collegial4. Able to cope with complexity and change

5. Optimistic

6. Function in a web of tension

QUALITIES NEEDED1. Physical energy

2. Attitude and aptitude to lead equals

3. Intelligence

4. Low-key and soft voice

5. High boiling point

6. A talent for consensus

7. Tolerance for ambiguity

8. Unwarranted optimism

9. A feeling of responsibility to the publicFrom: Harland Cleveland, The Future Executive, 1972

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The End