VOLUME 1 NOVEMBER, 1936 NUMBER 2

Prizes Are Awarded to Gardeners- -------------

J1any Visitorsat Copper Cliff

From all points of the compass comevisitors to the INCO plant at Copper Cliff,the peak of the annual parade of sight-seersoccurring during August.

Besides the hundreds from Sudbury andother Ontario points, the visitors' registerfrom June 1 to October 1 showed guestsfrom every province in Canada, fromEngland, Scotland, China, Mexico, and Chile,and from the following 26 of the UnitedStates:

Michigan, New York, Indiana, NewJersey, Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, Oklahoma,Massachusetts, Kansas, Connecticut, WestVirginia, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, NorthCarolina, Minnesota, Iowa, Washington, D.C.,Pennsylvania, California, Texas, Montana,Vermont, South Dakota, and Florida.

IN COFFEE URNSA new "visible" coffee urn has recently

been put on the market, which shows coffeeactually being made. The urn has an all-glass interior, and a brushed Monel Metalexterior.

Vimy PilgrimsFew branches of the Canadian Legion

sent as strong a delegation on the VimyPilgrimage as Copper Cliff, whichstaged a draw , got first-class supportthroughout the district for which it wassincerely appreciative, and was able todispatch five of its members , selectedby lot, on the six-week trip back to theRidge where Canadians won Immortal-ity. Here was the party, left to right,standing : W. H. Barnicott, Fred Heale,Alec McGhee; seated : George Hart andHarry Cobbold. They returned the endof August with remarkable Frenchaccents. Another Copper Cliff Legion-naire, James Spalding , was a member ofthe official advance party which hadcharge of all arrangements , and had atwo-month jaunt out of it.

COMMENDSi THE WINNERS

Efforts of householders in Copper Cliff,Creighton, and Coniston to beautify theirhome surroundings were recognized againthis year by INCO with the distribution ofprizes to winners of the various classes inthe annual lawn and garden competition.

Requesting Triangle to convey to theprize-winners his personal congratulations,Vice-President Donald MacAskill expressedhis pleasure at the interest taken in improv-ing home surroundings, not only by theprize-winners but by the majority of thehouseholders.

Judging was done by Wm. C. Gardner,whose decisions were based not only on themerits of the lawns and gardens, but alsoon their location and the obstacles the householders may have had to overcome. Theawards follow:

Class 1, Best Home Surroundings inCopper Cliff-1, David Hutchison, 33 PowerSt., $20.00; 2, Robert Stevens, 36 Power St.,$15.00; 3, Harry Trotter, 1 Balsam St., $10.00;4, E. McKerrow, 13 Power St., $8.00; 5, C.Lyons, 4 Kent St., $7.00, and 27 others whoreceived $5.00 each.

Class 2, Best Kept Home Surroundingsin Copper Cliff-1, John Thompson, 31 PowerSt., $20.00; 2, Wm. Chisholm, 17 Rink St.,$15.00; 3, Wm. Zinkie, 6 Oliver St., $10.00,and three others who received $5.00 each.

Class 3, Most Improvements to HomeSurroundings in Copper Cliff, 1936-1, R. H.Boehmer, 10 Granite St., $20.00; 2, R. Chugg,8a Peter St., $15.00; Frank E. Wolfe, 28Serpentine St., $10.00, and six others whoreceived $5.00 each.

Class 4, Best Home Surroundings inConiston-1, John Angove, 131 Balsam St.,$10.00, and three others who received $5.00each.

Class 5, Best Home Surroundings inCreighton-1, Lake St $10.00 ,and Inside the New Stackand two others s whoho received $5.00 each.

WILL PRESENTNEW TROPHIES

The keen interest displayed by the menof INCO plants in First Aid work hasresulted in the donation of five new trophiesfor competition, it is announced by G. S.Jarrett, General Safety Engineer.

At the conclusion of the regular FirstAid classes toward the end of next February,inter-departmental contests will be stagedat Creighton, Frood, Coniston and CopperCliff. A trophy will be presented to thewinning First Aid team in each plant.Although the names of the donors are notyet ready for release , both the Superin-tendent of Smelters and the Superintendentof Mines have assured the Safety Depart-ment that suitable trophies will be available.

Outstanding teams from each plant willthen enter the final competition at MemorialCommunity Hall, and for this importantevent General Superintendent R. D. Parkerhas generously offered to donate a trophyto replace the John L. Agnew Shield whichlast spring was won permanently byConiston.

Thus new pep is injected into the FirstAid contests, and judging by the enthusiasmalready expressed, Coniston will need bepractically perfect to add another victoryto its record of six straight triumphs.

Francis Crean aPioneer Prospector

A pioneer in the development of theSudbury nickel mining industry, FrancisCharles Crean died at Montreal, October12, at the age of 87.

Five major nickel discoveries werecredited to him: the Worthington, the CreanHill, the Elsie, the Howland, and the Tottenprospect.

He came to Canada as a boy fromHertfordshire, England, and is said to havecommenced his active prospecting careerin this district in 1884.

After leaving the Sudbury area he didconsiderable prospecting work in Quebecprovince, particularly on the Inner Labrador,where he maintained there were great min-ing possibilities.

If that big opening were a cathedral window it would need more than 700 squarefeet of stained glass, would look down on floor space sufficient to provide comfortableseating accommodation for a congregation of 500 people. But it isn't a cathedralwindow, it's the flue opening in the wall of the new Copper Cliff stack , and thosetwo fellows in the corners are by no means angels, they're workmen who helpedTriangle's photographer get the shot . Through it will pass the smoke and gasesbelched from the copper division 's furnaces on their way 500 feet up to the skies.Bottom of the opening is 21 feet from the floor ; it's 18 feet wide, 40 feet high.

MILE OF RUBBER BELTINGIN BIG ADDITION TO SMELTER

InternationalThree of the eight countries in which

INCO operates one or more of itsdepartments were represented in thisinternational photo snapped at CopperCliff Club October 10 by Triangle'sphotographer : Left to right, CameronWhitehorne, New York, Deputy Comp-troller; J. R. O'Donnell , Copper Cliff,Works Auditor ; F. P. Bernhard, NewYork, Comptroller; R. A. R. Hill, London,Eng., Chief Accountant Mond Nickel Co.(INCO subsidiary since 1929), and A.Godfrey, Copper Cliff, Assistant WorksAuditor. Of these five, Mr. Bernhard'sINCO association is longest, 1899 to1904, Copper Cliff ; 1904 to 1908, Bayonne;1908 to 1918, Copper Cliff; 1918 to 1922,Toronto ; since then at New York. Mrs.Hill accompanied her husband on hisvisit. They crossed on the "Monarch

of Alloys," the Queen Mary, and willvisit INCO's rolling mills at Huntington,West Virginia, as well as the New Yorkoffice of the Company. Mr. Hill was inCopper Cliff once before, in 1932.

Into the home stretch is construction ofthe addition to Copper Cliff smelter, majorpart of INCO's big 1936 expansion programwhich includes also extensive developmentsat Creighton Mine and at the Port Colborneand Copper Cliff refineries.

Working in close co-operation with theINCO engineering department, Fraser-Brace Limited are well within their construc-tion schedule, expect to have the tworeverb furnaces and seven converters of thenew copper division brought into theircircuit early in November, after a year ofintensive activity.

Workmen have now put the finishingtouches to the new concrete stack, the laststage being the paving of the dust hopperin the bottom with acid-resisting firebrick.Soaring 500 feet above its base, this latestpillar of INCO progress joins two otherimmense columns, stands ready to passharmlessly into the heavens the smoke andgases of the copper division's furnaces.

Feeding this smoke and gas to the stackfrom the raging bellies of the reverb fur-naces are the brick flues, also completed.From the furthest furnace to the stack theflue travels 400 feet, is 15 by 22 feet in itsmain section.

DRYING NEW REVERBSInto each of the two new reverb furnaces

has gone 240 tons of fine silica sand to forma bottom two feet thick, 110 feet long, 24feet wide, and now drying-out fires are burn-ing within them. This is the last stagebefore the furnaces are ready to receivetheir first charges of copper sulphides fromthe concentrator. The fires, which burnabout 10 days, also serve the purpose ofdrying out the flues and the stack.

Elaborate but intricate, the electrical andconveyor hook-ups for the new plan, are

Continued on Pave 7

Within the INCO TRIANGLEPage 2 November, 1936

TELL TRIANGLE

Port Colborne

fMany employees have asked yourreporter to express their gratitude andappreciation for the week's vacation withpay that the Company has so generouslyextended to them this year. Among themany pleasures that this concession haspermitted is the opportunity to visit withrelatives and friends, some of whom theyhad not had the spare time to visit in years.

¶ Bob Cochrane and Jerry Kuipers, of themachine shop, took advantage of the week'svacation to fulfill a long wished-for outing,and saw the World Series ball games. Jerrysays that even being detained on account ofmistaken identity didn't mar his fun one bit.

(i Fred Worobec and Stanley Shemanskyreturned from their vacation in Detroit byaeroplane to Buffalo, left Detroit at 1.30p.m., arrived in Port Colborne at 3.30. WhenFred was asked why he came back by 'plane,when he had a return railway ticket in hispocket, his reply was: "Well! I had to goin on the 4 to 12 shift, and you know whatNipper's like."¶ A very pretty wedding was solemnizedon September 26 when Frances Stefanshenbecame the bride of Eugene Kowalsky. Theweek's vacation with pay added to theenjoyment of the honeymoon.C The boys in the machine shop areexpecting that another wedding present will'be in order if Tommy Jennings continuesthose week-end trips to Toronto.

tf Ed. Cooke is on a business trip to Water-buy, Conn., to inspect a car of nickel.Charles (Bungy) Misener has asked him tobe on the lookout for a couple of missingcooper hammers.C Fred Davies, local heavyweight wrestlerand boxer, is said to be on the lookout fora football helmet with air cushions.( Doug. Runyon, box maker deluxe andstar shot on the Sailors' hockey team, hasproved his marksmanship at duck hunting.Tame or not, they're all duck soup for Doug.

e.

IT Perennial and efficient secretary ofthe INCO A. A., V. A. Lynden won theINCO golf championship , overcame suchworthy opponents as W. J . Freeman Jr.and H. P. Roe. The latter had previ-ously disposed of a formidable com-petitor in Glenn Winger. Roe carriedthe final match at Cherry Hill to the21st hole before succumbing . Lyndenalso holds the record for number ofgames played this season, 120•-can youbeat it? Snap shows Roe (left) andLynden on the final green.

f The John More handicap cup was wonby Jas. F. Ross, of the accounting depart-ment. H. W. Walter was the runner upin this event. Three strokes handicapproved too much for him, but he carriedthe game to the 19th hole, and we don'tmean the locker room.

¶ Frank Chalmers has been elected chair-man of the INCO Bowling League; with himon the committee are Alex, Herrick, J. F.Ross and E. C. Lambert. Both five and ten-pin leagues are being organized. It isexpected there will be 12 teams in the ten-pin league and 10 teams in the five-pinleague.

Coniston

IT Local fans who gave moral and vocalsupport to the Coniston girls' basketballteam in the provincial finals at TorontoOctober 9, were: Mr. and Mrs. Sid Smith,Mat Blake, Demetri Hladki, Jerry Carry,Carlo Chezzie, Bert Benadetti, TonyPadhajney and Carrol Nesbit.

I On the road to recovery: Joseph Houle,after an attack of pneumonia; JamesSpencer, after an operation in TorontoGeneral Hospital.

Future softball stars: to Mr. and Mrs.G. Viau, October 2, a daughter; to Mr. andMrs. N. Vaillancourt, October 5, a daughter;to Mr. and Mrs. Lionel Lalonde, October 7,a daughter; to Mr. and Mrs. W. Collins,October 9, a daughter; to Mr. and Mrs. DanForstall, October 2, a daughter.If Future hockey stars: to Mr. and Mrs.S. Floriani, October 7, a son; to Mr. andMrs. Jack Creswell, October 10, a son; to

Mr. and Mrs. Armondo Brignol, October 12,a son.

If Watchman and weather-prophet since1933, John Dale took a vacation, returnedto find things topsy-turvy without his dailybulletins on climatic conditions. Even thepolicemen were out of step, with their wintercoats on. Jack and his feline accomplice,Ginger, have things back on an even keel,police coats back in mothballs, promise toforecast a week in advance when vacationtime comes next year.

i Wed, at Coniston, October 12, LeonardPilon and Maria Gosselin. Ceremony per-formed at the Roman Catholic Church byRev. J. H. Bruneau.

IT The Smelter League is getting ready fora red-hot season. Stevenson's Shift, lastyear's champs, have ordered striking newuniforms, and their opponents are advisedto figure out some anti-dazzle device.

¶ Good news is word of the steady improve-ment of W. A. MacDonell, who has beenindisposed for some time.

Copper Cliff

If Evening of October 14 Mr. and Mrs. J.Sime played bridge with Mr. and Mrs. Cleo,of Creighton Mine, scored high for CopperCliff when Mrs. Sinne picked up a handcontaining 13 hearts.

If Mrs. H. Spalding and two sons went toMontreal for what they planned as a week'svisit, but all three contracted scarlet fever,and didn't get home until October 10, aftermore than two months' convalescence. Werethey welcome!If Little Virginia Digby, aged 4, picked upa purse on the way home from the postoffice October 15 with her dad who, scarcelynoticing, prompted her to throw it away.Virginia, womanly wise, hung on to it, andat home pulled from it $31 and an expensivewrist watch. Through the police office thepurse was returned to an anxious owner,whose infant had nonchalantly tossed itfrom the baby carriage while its motherwas in the post office.

If Wed, at Sudbury, September 24, CharlesPurcell and Ella Allen, of Monetville; atSudbury, September 27, Rene Belaire andEveline Beaulieu, of Sudbury; at Westport,September 7, M. Barry and Frances O'Hara,who honeymooned to Philadelphia.

¶ Born, to Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Frennel,September 27, a daughter; to_ Mr. and Mrs.Arthur Laframboise, September 13, a daugh-ter, Rose Mary; to Mr. and Mrs. GeraldBennett, September 25, a daughter.

If Long-distance holiday travellers were D.Ritchie, back September 24 from a trip toNew York, and Wilbur McDonald, whovisited his home at Crystal City, Man.

If Uncle Ezry and his International BarnDance Unit practically stopped the show atthe INCO Amateur Night program in Augustattended by President Stanley. Since thenthey've become a CKSO radio feature Tues-day evenings, and now they're open forconcert engagements. Director and UncleEzry combined is E. Farrell; businessmanager is G. Brown; other members of thetroupe-Pat Heaphy; first fiddle; LorneJarvis, second fiddle; Bud Langille, piano'Andy Kanerva, singing guitar; VictorRomano, Spanish guitar; Joe Rossi, mouthorgan; Charlie Sturrock, string bass; Billand Stan Townsend, yodelling cowboys.

If Smeltermen seem to find either theirresistance lowest or their ambition highestin September, whichever way you look atmarriages. It's a big Cupid month: Sep-tember 26, Tony Pavato to Lena Cirantola;John Boyuk to Julie Karhaewich; September30, Gordon Turner to Eileen Bruton; Sep-tember 29, Veda Beale, of Altamont, Man.,to Albert Morin, and Anna Blaise, of RoseIsle, Man., to Emile Charbonneau; October 7,A. Severin to Annie Bruton, of SturgeonFalls.

If Perhaps Jack Cogan found holidaysdidn't agree with him. At any rate he gothis dates mixed up, landed back on the jobone day too soon.

If Martin Serenak is still collecting con-gratulations on the healthy twins whichwere born July 17. More recent arrivals-to Mr. and Mrs. Melville McEwen, October2, a daughter; to Mr. and Mrs. Bedarde,October 8, a son; to Mr. and Mrs. PatGallagher, September 23, a daughter.

If, Fairbanks Lake waters ebbed noticeablywhen Dave Aubin and Denis Jodouin yankedout a salmon trout measuring 38 inchesicng, girth of 24 inches, weight of 24 pounds12 ounces.

If Reverb men chortled at accounts of ahunting expedition at White Water Lakeduring which Paddy McLaughlin and DanSalhani didn't get wet enough in the rain,so plopped into the drink with their clotheson. The duck call reverberates along thereverb line continually these days. Anotherdyed-in-the-wool hunter is W. Wright, andbill collectors are advised to take to themarshes if they would find Jesse Morrisonon his day off. Bob McInnes excitedly drewa bead on a fat flock, shut his eyes andpressed the trigger ... found he'd forgottenshells.

If A former sailor on the St. Lawrence,Archie Organ, will soon complete construc-tion of a boat he started to build a monthago. He'll launch it on Ramsay Lake athis summer camp in the South bay. Alsolooking forward to next summer is R. M.

Cameron, who has bought an island in WhiteFish bay next to Birch Island at Manitoulin,and will build a camp.If Reverb romances recently altared: E.DesRochers, on July 25, to Lisa Lahti, ofthe Soo; Mario Tarrini to Ada Valentini onJuly 25; Ken Bourne, on July 25, to EdithCoombs; Frederick Bruce to MargaretGiguere, at Toronto; E. A. "Mickey"McFadden to Dorothea Hudson, of Lindsay,at Toronto September 23, honeymoon to Ste.Anne de Beaupre; Jack Haldershaw, ofDauphin, Man., to Ilene Ploschak, of Ste.Rose, Man., October 15.

f Recent-benedict Mel Edwards, wed atNorth Bay to Margaret McLeod, walked intohis home to find a snappy new bookcaseawaiting him, surprise gift of his pals onthe Bowman shift at the mill.

If Further serious losses to the ranks ofthe single hold-outs were the marriages ofJohn Fraser and Gordon Gray, and of E. O.Lair, on October 7, to Bernadette Mainville,at, Chapleau.If Mr. and Mrs. E. Crouse welcomed littleDorothy Jean on September 17; Mr. and Mrs.Fred McIntyre extended the glad hand tonine-pound Marion Gail or September 5.If Wiggy Walmsley, Jerry Pappin, and BobDeacon looked 'em over at the World Seriesin New York, stopped in Toronto on theway back to see the Dominion lacrossefinals and also the showdown for the pro-vincial women's softball championship,Jerry insisting on the latter.

If Herb Surrey is back on the job aftera long absence. Following an August opera-tion, his doe prescribed Georgian Bayatmosphere for convalescence. Herb, notaverse, made Little Current his mendingheadquarters.

If Only 27 days after he started work inthe mill, Sam Pitchford had a holiday tripback to his native heath on the prairies. Itwas a free ride, too, Sam's evidence beingneeded in a court case. Now he's back andhoping there's need of a first-class witnessin the south of France, or maybe Switzer-land.

If Through this medium the boys on theBoehmer shift extend sincere sympathy toMr. and Mrs. Fred Gainon in the loss oftheir baby daughter.

If Realizing there might be some doubt-ing Thomases among his fellow work-men, Cameron Shortts brought back con-vincing snapshots from his keenlyenjoyed vacation at Napanee. He hadsome real sport on Mud take, came upsmiling after an accidental dunking inits frigid waters at 6 a.m. while estab-lishing a blind . Here he is with a fewmallards.

If This week Willard Ramsay, crushingplant star defenceman of last winter, isto take unto himself a wife, will in futureconfine his spectacular rushes to the base-ment stairs. Recently he picked up a bitof valuable experience by travelling half amile in his car without tire or rim.

If One for the book was the expression onJim Parlee's face when he discovered asnake in his lunch pail recently. The coldsnap is apparently driving wild life toshelter, but the reptile could hardly havechosen a more cheerless spot than Parlee'slunch pail after lunch.

f The quick freeze-up cost Steve Fajacza new radiator, froze a gas-line for ArthurWhistle so he had to suffer the indignity ofbeing towed to town in his new buggy.

For Posterity

An engraved casket of pure nickel,mined in Sudbury Basin, smelted atCopper Cliff, and refined electrolyticallyat Port Colborne , which was placedunder the cornerstone of the new Tor-onto Stock Exchange building at aspecial ceremony on August 17, 1936.Presented by INCO , the casket containsdocuments , copies of newspapers,records, and a Canadian silver dollar.

Noble Grand, A. B. Johnstone; Vice-Grand,G. Corf; Recording Secretary, A. J. Simmons,P.G.; Financial Secretary, G. D. McLaren,P.G.; Treasurer, G. M. Ferguson, P.G.;R.S.N.G., A. Hughes, P.G.; L.S.N.G., K.Madil; Chaplain, J. Gilpin, P.G.; Warden,B. C. Johnston; R.S.S., P. A. Germa; L.S.S..E. Cunningham; LG., G. H. Hart; O.G., J.

Tincombe; R.S.V.G., G. Gilpin; L.S.V.G., G.Roddy. Lunch was served by GarnetRebekah Lodge.

If Henry Latinville clicked the mutualdraws October 9 for a 10-spot, smilinglyadmitted this runs his total up to $75.

If "Mac" McCracken's holiday was a fish-ing trip, during which he once got tiredwaiting for bites, toppled into the lake toget to closer grips with the elusive trout.

If Mrs. Y. Vesanan has returned from athree months' holiday to Finland, reportsconditions good there.

If Gordon Stone started something whenhe. wed Isabelle Nodwell, of Callander, onOctober 14, 1933. Since that time a matri-monial epidemic has ravaged the machineshop, swept it almost clean of eligible youngbachelors. Here's how they fell: November30, 1933, Noel Shrigley to Hilda Gifford, ofSudbury; May 18, 1934, Fred Lumley to MayDeath, of Copper Cliff; May 27, 1934, A.Mikkalo to Elsie Niemi, of Naughton;August 26, 1934, George Doan to AnnaLindsay, of Gouroch, Scotland; November1, 1934, Clarence Hobden to Patricia Perring,of Frood; June 6, 1935, James Metcalfe toIsobel Graham, of Aylmer; June 29, 1935,Robert Rodgers to Violet Goodman, of SaultSte, Marl- July 19, 1935, Ralph Btrvons toMildred Dresser, of Anyox, B.C.; August 30,1935, Ivan Fraser to Emily Fensom, ofSudbury; February 29, 1936, Robert Tweddleto Nora Salmond, of Hamilton; June 10,1936, Mervin Zinkie to Olive Wilson, ofCopper Cliff; September 1, 1936, GeorgeHildebrant to Lillian Wuori, of Copper Cliff;September 14, 1936, John Clark to MargaretMills, of Toronto, And now, to cap matters,Victor Burns returned from vacation in abewildered frame of mind, starting makingcautious inquiries about the high-cost-of-living-for-two.

If Infant Incoites: to Mr, and Mrs. RedPorter, October 11, a son; to Mr. and Mrs.George Ferguson, September 30, a daughter;to Mr. and Mrs . George Carleton, September26, a daughter.If Mrs. Alex. Salo and daughter havereturned from an extended holiday visit withrelatives in Finland.

If Morning after morning Bill Alder thrilledwarehouse cronies with threats of what hewould do to a certain black bear makingfree with his summer camp at Black Lake.Eventually, with a companion, Bill met thebear. Was it such a terrible experience forBruin? Bill and his pal scaled cliffs, leapedbabbling brooks, reached home in nothingflat to flop into bunks like spent mara-thoners. But the bear hasn't been seenaround them thar parts since.

If R. A. Elliott is president, and R. D.Parker and D. Finlayson are executive mem-bers of the Nickel Belt Motor League, 1936.Jr Friends of Miss Edna Browne surprisedher September 30 at Copper Cliff Club witha "shower" of kitchen things for her newhome in the York Apartments.

If At Copper Cliff Club the bowling seasonis in full swing , tournaments drawing largeand enthusiastic entries. At Memorial Com-munity Hall badminton is underway, undersupervision of a committee consisting ofFoster Todd, Frood, and Mrs. S. A. Crandalland Ed. McGill, of Copper Cliff. The

(Continued on Page 6)

Dancing PumpsHardly the ThingIf Now legend around the concentrator

is the mess of beautiful trout hauled inthis summer by Harold Talbot and JimParlee. And thereby hangs a tale-adeer's tail , to be exact. Here is thehunter (Bob Boebmer), who shot thedeer (see above) that furnished the tats(also see above) that made the files,that caught the trout, that filled thecreel of Harold and Jim.

IT EXCHANGE: Anyone furnishing a deertail this fall will receive a fine trout nextsummer. Phone Copper Cliff 450.

If With D.D.G.M. Wm. Card assisted by adegree team from Chapleau, Copper Cliff,and Sudbury, Nickel Lodge I.O.O.F. October12 saw the following officers installed:

Safety boots may not rate much space inEsquire, or other authorities on what thesmartly dressed man should wear, but apair of patent leather dancing pumps wouldhave been scant satisfaction to a Creightongrizzlyman last February.

He was assisting a fellow workman inbarring a chunk of rock through the grizzlywhen another large chunk lying beside hisleft foot moved, jamming his foot againstthe grizzly bar, and fracturing the great toe.

Had he not been wearing safety bootswhich were in good condition, the injurywould have been much more serious.

\orenila r. 1 9:16

Pnl,IlnhPd for1C.k: mpang

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. PER C1 -1)unbar . Editorit.

V OL. 1, No. 2 NOVEMBER, 1936

ProtectionOf the 324 INCO employees residing in

the Sudbury District who have passed indeath or suffered total disability since 1918,a total of 270 carried the low-rate GroupInsurance made available to them by theCompany, and thereby assisted their familiesto the extent of $700,000.00.

This low-rate insurance can be obtainedby any INCO employee who, when hesecures it, rests content that he has notonly arranged financially for his family afterhie death, but has also made certain theywill receive friendly and helpful advice con-cerning the many troubles and problemsfacing them.

This unusual latter feature of INCO'sGroup Insurance plan involves no expenseto those who receive it, and has broughtmany unsolicited letters of deep appreciationfrom bereaved families who, bewildered intheir sorrow, were able to face the futurewith confidence and security after the Com-pany's Insurance Department had straight-ened out their affairs for them, protectedthem from unhappy mistakes.

From time to time Triangle will printdetails of these cases, to acquaint INCOemployees with what Is being done. Hereis one story:

This man died at the age of 33. He lefta wife and three young children. The GroupInsurance which he held was practicallythe only asset belonging to his estate. Afterinterviewing his wife, it was found thatshe desired to move from the district andlive close to her family connections. Thechildren ranged in age from two to sixyears. Sufficient money was paid to herfrom her Group Insurance to pay off currentliabilities. The department then advised herto make application to The Mothers' Allow-ances Board for compensation from them,and also negotiated with this Board withthe view of spreading over the monthlypayments from her insurance fund which,together with the allowance granted herby the Mothers' Allowances Board, wouldensure her with sufficient funds for respect-able living for her family until such timeas the children would be able to earn somemoney and assist her. The department wassuccessful in its negotiations with theMothers' Allowances Board and as a resultit was arranged that this mother will receivea sufficient guaranteed income over a periodof 15 years. At the expiration of this timeher children will then have attained suffi-cient age to look after themselves and alsobe able to assist their mother.

PleasureA good way to measure the value of the

various INCO athletic associations is torealize how dull our leisure hours wouldbe without them. Consideration of the manysplendid activities which are carried on, thevaluable advantages which are offered, andthe small dues collected for this service,leaves the feeling that the athletic associa-tions are entitled to unanimous and enthusi-astic support.

In every season of the year the athleticassociations are on the job, organizingactivities for INCO employees. Baseball,football, tennis, softball, badminton, andhockey are some of the assignments theyhandle cheerfully and effectively. One out-standing opportunity of which hundredsavail themselves at this season is aloneworth the membership fee-a member ofany INCO athletic association in requiredgood standing can obtain at the Stadium aseason's skating ticket for his entire familyfor only two dollars.

Officers, executives, and hard-workingcommittees of these associations do a greatdeal of voluntary work for which theyreceive comparatively little recognition. Hereare the men directing athletic welfare inthe INCO plants at present:

Coniston-Chairman, W. Bray; vice-chair-man, F. Stevenson; secretary-treasurer, G. L.Rogerson: executives: baseball , W. Burns;softball, W. Blake; hockey, O. Mulvihill;tennis, Rev. A. P. S. Addison; general, E.Bray, P. Johnson, G. Geoffrey.

Creighton-Chairman, B. F. Crandall;secretary-treasurer, W. C. McAllen; execu-tives: hockey, J. B. Fyfe; baseball, A. R.Clarke.

Freed ---Chairman, F. J. Eager; vice-chairman, A. F. Brock; secretary, E. Glad-man; treasurer, G. Soucie; executives:hockey, H. Towns; softball, W. S. Schinbein;football, Jack Cullen; baseball, Chas. Shee-han; finance, A. F. Brock, C. H. Stuart, G.Souc i e.

Copper Cliff-Chairman, J. W. Garrow;vice-chairman, W. E. Gillespie; secretary,A. E. Cave; treasurer, R. E. Henderson.Executive chairmen have not yet beennamed for the ensuing year.

Refinery - Honorary chairman, F.Renard; honorary vice-chairman, G. A.McFarlane; chairman , R. H. Waddington;vice-chairman, J. C. Bischoff; secretary-treasurer, J. A. Grimes; executives: F. Sheri-dan, H. Kurtz, H. B. Shoveller, F. Eplett, G.Furchner, J. Moss,

Port Colborne-President, W. J. Free-man; vice-president, James H, Walter;secretary-treasurer, V. A. Lynden.

TRIANGLE';IitLND&XIPCFo A I^ T FREQUENCY--PEA--1000 SHIFTS WORKED

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.3

0.2

0.1

YEARLY AVERAGES

1930 1031 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936

MONTHLY AVERAGES

01 11-1000 4

1936

DEC. JAN . FEB. MAR . APR. MAY . JUN. JUL. AUG. SEP . OCT. NOV. DEC.

"How are we doing""How are we doing ?" . . . That's a question which must often pop up in the

minds of safety-minded INCO employees, who wonder how their current safetyrecord compares with that for previous periods . So Triangle starts another regularfeature--its Index to Accident Frequency, which shows the average number ofaccidents per 1 ,000 shifts worked for the entire Mining and Smelting Division ofINCO over comparative periods . Example: from the top half of the chart you'll seethat in 1932 there were .18 accidents for each 1 ,000 shifts worked throughout the year,and that in 1936 to the end of September the co-operation of all employees hascreditably reduced this figure to .1 accidents per 1 ,000 shifts . In the bottom halfof the chart you'll see that in April of 1936 there were .08 accidents per 1 ,000 shiftsworked-a substantial reduction from the record of 1.84 for April of 1935 . Now youcan check up on "How are we doing." Watch Triangle 's Index of AccidentFrequency , and do your bit to keep those black lines down.

NICKEL ... AND ITS USESNICKEL IN THE HOME

.... it unlocks the front door, It dolls up the kitchen , It holds yourtoothbrush together . . . . but read for yourself

about this Versatile Servant ... .

The nickel which we spend our days in

mining, concentrating, smelting and refining

spreads to all parts of the civilized world

and enters the daily life of the average

householder in far more ways than we

probably recognize. In the preparation offoods and beverages, in the production ofgasoline for motor cars, in the constructionof those cars and of other types of trans-portation, in communication, electrical andchemical industries and in a thousand andone other ways it contributes to the com-fort and convenience of civilized people.Many of its uses are unseen and unnoticed,but in no way does it come so intimatelyIn contact with every day existence as Inthe many applications nickel has in thehome.

NICKEL IS THE KEYTake for example the key with which

you unlock the front door of your house.It is the symbol of the security of the home.With it a man enters his "castle" and withit he shuts out intruders . The chances arethat that key is made of nickel silver, astrong , rustless alloy which contains from10 to 30 per cent . of nickel and which owesits appearance and much of its usefulnessto its nickel content. And the same is trueof the key to your automobile.

These keys suggest the key to the reas-ons why nickel is such a valuable materialin the home. When nickel is mixed withother metals it has a remarkable abilityto impart its white color and other prop-erties to these metallic combinations oralloys . Nickel is strong and sturdy, andcan be used to increase the strength anddurability of iron, steel, and other metals.Nickel resists corrosion; rust and otherdestructive forms of corrosion have a hardtime attacking nickel and any alloys ofwhich it is a part. Finally, nickel has sev-eral curious and valuable qualities whichmake it useful for a variety of special pur-poses. For example, it is used in powerfulmagnets , in the heating elements of electricheating devices and in the thermostatic con-trols used in heating systems as well as inautomobiles.

Hence nickel has come to be called, "YourVersatile Servant." It can do so manythings and do them well, that it really is aservant of mankind and deserves this name.

CHINESE HAD IDEAAs a servant in the home, nickel is no

newcomer. Before the development of nickelsilver a century or so ago, the ancientChinese alloy, Paktong, which was similarto nickel silver, was highly prized inEurope for its beauty. It was used to makefirescreens and many other, smaller orna-mental objects. After the development ofnickel silver, tableware (knives, forks andspoons) made of this material became

popular and has remained sp to this day.Silver-plating upon nickel silver providesthe material for some of the handsomesttableware manufactured today.

Nickel-plating, developed about the sametime as nickel silver, eventually became thebest known use for nickel in the home,though it is now being replaced by otheruses of the metal. Nickel-plated plumbingand ornamental fixtures were widely useda generation ago, and even with the recentintroduction of chromium-plating, nickel hasnot lost its usefulness . Standard practicefor chromium-plating requires a nickelunderplating much thicker than the chrom-ium surface.

The more modern trend in the use ofnickel in the home is best illustrated inthe kitchen, where Monel, the famous naturalCanadian nickel-copper alloy, is helping tointroduce brightness and color and to easethe labors of the housewife. Monel is usedfor table tops, tops for electric and gasranges, for sinks and ventilator hoods andfor other accessory equipment because Monelis a handsome, silvery metal, which is strongand will not rust, corrode or dent easily.Monel lasts indefinitely; in fact, its appear-ance actually improves with use. The resili-ency of its surface makes it easy on dishesand reduces clatter, and, since it resists

tarnish and staining, It is easy to keep clean.

BEAUTIFYING KITCHENS Page 8Home experts and kitchen designers

attribute much of the progress in one of themost recent trends in kitchen beautificationto the use of Monel . Monel , they say, har-monizes with and sets off all colors to advan-tage. Hence the presence of Monel workingsurfaces assists in making the kitchen oneof the pleasantest rooms in the house. Inplanning kitchens to eliminate unnecessarysteps, Monel equipment is also doing itspart. Such recent developments as theMonel sink which rests on a metal cabinetfitted with drawers and racks and the newunit system cabinets, many of which haveMonel tops, are a step in the direction ofefficiency. The cabinets are designed eitherto rest on the floor or to hang on walls,They can be located in the most convenientplaces, and, being of standard design, canbe added to as needed.

The resistance of Monel to rust makes itan excellent material for tanks in the hotwater system. Forward-looking house-owners are coming more and more to realizethe two great advantages of Monel tanks:First, they do not rust and cannot discolorthe water. Second, they will last a lifetime.Hence they are both a sanitary and econ-omical addition to home equipment,POCKETBOOK BOON

In the modern home, electrical heatingdevices-stoves, flatirons, toasters, coffeepercolators, waffle irons and a dozen otheruseful items--are coming more and moreinto the picture. Here nickel lends its ser-vices in a way seldom appreciated by theaverage householder, for nickel made itpossible to bring heating devices of this kindwithin the limits of the average pocketbook.Until about 30 years ago platinum was theonly metal known which could be reliedupon to create heat through electrical resist-ance without burning out quickly. Thedevelopment of nickel-chromium alloysmakes it unnecessary to use rare and costlyplatinum for this purpose.

If nickel helps produce heat, it also helpsproduce cold, for a thermostatic control con-taining nickel keeps the electric refrigeratorat the proper temperature. On the otherhand, another thermostatic device, also con-taining nickel, controls the automatic fur-nace or oil heater.

A good deal of small household machin.ery, for example that which motivates thewashing machine , has gears , cams, connect-ing rods and other similar small parts madeof nickel alloy cast irons. Washing machinesare also made with Monel tubs to preventrust spots and stains , which corrosion ofother metals might cause.

These different uses of nickel in the homeshed some light on why nickel is called aversatile servant. Nickel, moreover, actu-ally does help shed light in the home, forall electric light bulbs contain nickel, andnickel is used in various other parts of theelectrical system.FOR ENTERTAINMENT

Nickel not only helps do the work aroundthe house, it helps provide entertainmentwhen it is time to relax. Take the radio,for instance. Metal parts in the radio tubeare either made of nickel or contain nickelas an essential ingredient, And it is fairto say that nickel made possible radio broad-casting and reception as it is known today.The telephone also has nickel parts.

Various ways in which nickel helps tobeautify the home have already been men-tioned. To them might be added suchthings as nickel-silver door handles, lightingfixtures and similar Items. Nickel-silver isfavored by interior decorators because itmay be obtained in a number of delicatetints. Nickel alloys, both nickel-silver andstainless steel, and nickel or chromiumnickel-plating are used for many other orna-mental objects like ash trays, candlesticks,picture frames and even for some of themodern metal furniture.

Take a look into some of the rooms inthe modern house--the kitchen with itsMonel sink, table, cabinet tops and hot watertank, the dining room with its nickel-silveror silver-plated tableware, the living roomwith its radio, the bathroom with its chrom-turn or nickel-plated plumbing fixtures.Nickel is everywhere. When the doctorcomes, he uses instruments made of nickelalloys. The bristles in your toothbrush areheld in place by nickel.

Side view of one of 20 streamlined rear -motor buses, recently put'into serviceby Toronto Transportation Commission , and reported to be first of their typedelivered in Canada. The engine is in a separate section of the coach body at therear, separated from the passenger compartment by a noise-insulated , dust-proof andheat-insulated partition . There are many applications of nickel In their construction.The crankshaft Is of heat-treated chrome nickel steel , and nickel content is foundIn connecting rods, intake valves, brake shoe rollers and pins, axle king pins,transmission parts, distributor driven gear and spring clips.

Page 4 Within the INCO TRIANGLE November, 1936

FANS CAN LOOK TORIP-SNORTING TILTS

"Fastest hockey league in Canada."That's the tag which can be pinned on

the 1936 edition of the Nickel Belt loop, andit's no board of trade propaganda or pub-licity agent's pipe dream, either.

From Halifax, down by the soundingsea, to Yorkton, out where the wheat fieldsgrow golden in the prairie sun, is collectedthe constellation of puck-chasing peers whowill mix it In the six-team tussle thiswinter.

Olympic aces, Allan Cup stars, and count-less heroes of regional championship tiltsare all mixed up together in the big meltingpot from which Nickel Belt coaches tap theirmatte, and it needs no assay expert to fore-cast a season of 99.97 per cent. pureexcitement.

REFINERY TAKES OPENERAs Triangle goes to press, Refinery has

just eliminated Creighton from the CharityTrophy Series, grand prelude to the NickelBelt schedule, in which the INCO teamsplay a knock-out competition for the hand-some Donald MacAskill Trophy.

Bruising, banging hockey it was, withquarter neither given nor asked, and lastyear's Charity Series winners getting a 5-2decision. Opening game of the season, itgave the capacity crowd an idea of whatto expect when the clubs hit their realstride. The crowd seemed satisfied.

Somewhat gentler than the bumps it pro-dices, fortunately, is the purpose of theCharity Series. Proceeds are placed in aspecial Charity Fund administered byCopper Cliff Branch of the Canadian Legionfor the assistance of less fortunate familiesof the district, having in mind particularlythe Christmas spirit.

The Nickel Belt loop which hangs up aworld-record by starting as early as Novem-ber 2, welcomes the return of Coniston, anoriginal franchise-holder, which joins Frood,Copper Cliff, Creighton, and Refinery inthe INCO representation.

To post its readers on all the INCO clubs,Triangle has attempted to obtain a completesurvey of the players on hand at the startof the season. their positions, their hometowns, and the previous club for which theyplayed:

FROODTeno-goal, Hamilton Tigers, 1936, Sr.

O.H.A. champs; Graham-defence, HalifaxWolverines, 1935, Allan Cup; Lavigne-

defence, HalifaxWolverines, 1935,Allan Cup;Kampman - de-fence, Kitchener,Creigh ton, 1936;Empie - defence,North Bay, Sud-bury Juniors,1933-36; Hastle-forward, Windsor,Hamilton Tigers,1936; Cholette -forward, Hull,Paris, 1936; Hll1-f o r ward, Saska-toon, Cub Wolves,1934; Dewey -forward, M o o s e

Jaw, Saskatoon Quakers Olympics, 1933;Conick-forward, Hamilton Tigers, 1934;Chamberlain - forward, South Porcupine,1936; Heximer-forward, Niagara Falls, Sud-bury Juniors, 1936: Kemp--goal, NiagaraFalls, Sudbury Juniors, 1934: Healy ---goal,Owen Sound, Sudbury Memorial Cup team,1933 ; Cadieux - forward, Ottawa, 1935;Grosso---forward, Soo, Sudbury Juniors, 1934.

COPPER CLIFFForsyth--goal, Queen's University, 1935,

offered tryout with Chicago Black Hawks;Kettles -- goal. Ottawa, Refinery, 1936;Porter - defence,Sudbury Memor-ial Cup team,1933; Shewchuck--defence, Brant-ford. SudburyJuniors, 1935;Slater - defence,Arnprior, AtlanticCity Seagulls,1936; Reid -- de-fence, Brockville,Lake Placid, 1936,picked for Ameri-can Olympicteam; Godfrey --forward, Toronto,South Porcupine,1936, reserve list

New York Americans; Hamill forward, Tor-onto, South Porcupine, 1936, reserve listNew York Americans; MeReavy-forward,Owen Sound, St. Michael's College, 1936;McKinnon-forward, Copper Cliff, AtlanticCity Seagulls, 1936; Gorman-forward, Buck-ingham, Refinery, 1936; Cart hey-forward,Windsor, 1936; Smith-forward, Woodstock,re-instated pro. who played for Syracuseand Buffalo; and the following members oflast year's team: LaFrance---forward, Sud-bury; Anderson - forward, Windsor;Bellingham-forward, Hamilton; Dinning-forward, Hamilton; Baker--forward, Ham-ilton; Litzen-forward, Hamilton.

RESISTS CORROSIONBecause cold rolled steel lever arms cor-

roded rapidly, Monel Metal arms are usedin sea coast towns on openers for casementwindows.

CREIGHTONHigginbotton - goal, Kenora Thistles,

1935; Guest-forward, Renfrew, 1936; Perry- defence, Toronto Marlboros, 1936;

McGlashen - for-ward, HalifaxWolverines, 1935,Allan Cup;Shields- forward,Halifax Wolver-ines, 1935, AllanCup; Mosher -forward, HalifaxWolverines, 1936,Olympic teamholdout; Smith-defence, Ken o r aThistles, 1936;Thompson - for-ward, Port ArthurO 1 y m pits, 1936;Saxberg - for-

Thompson ward; P o r tArthur Olympics, 1936; Hermanson - for-ward, Port Arthur, 1935; Hogarth-forward,Port Arthur, 1936; Silver-forward, Saska-toon, Frood, 1935; Bailey-goal, Hamilton,1935.

REFINERYBurlingham-goal, Battleford, Yorkton

Terriers, 1936; Ramsay-goal, Toronto, Good-year Hockey Club, 1936; Singbush-defence,W i n n i peg, Por-tage la Prairie,1934; Tupling -defence, Toronto,Atlantic City Sea-gulls, 1935; Childs- defence, PortArthur, 1935; Hart-defence, Winni-peg, San Antonio,1936; Jennings -f o r ward, Winni-peg, San Antonio,1936; Fletcher -f o r ward, Winni-peg, San Antonio,1936; Cairns--for-ward, Battleford,North Battleford,

1936; Baird-forward, Stratford, 1936; Osland---forward, Winnipeg, San Antonio, 1936;Currie-forward, Cayuge, Durham, 1935;Seymour-forward, Ottawa Senators, 1936;

Nickel District Sport HubBusier than the inside of a beehive , and a much more pleasant place to visit, Is

Stanley Stadium , Copper Cliff's artificial ice palace . From early morning until lateevening, daily except Sunday, the Stadium operates at high pressure , accommodatingskaters, fancy skaters , and hockey teams . Last season the Stadium turnstilesclicked for more than 35,000 cash customers ; this season's business will he bigger onaccount of the earlier opening.

Atkinson-forward, Battleford, North Battle-ford, 1936; Houston-forward, Arnprior,Pittsburg, 1936; Marshall-forward, Ottawa,Moncton Hawks, 1935; Woods-coach, Elora,Saskatoon Quakers, 1934.

CONISTONBlake---goal, Coniston; Price - defence,

Brockville, 1936; Sherry-defence, PortHope, Brockville, 1936; Creswell - defence,Coniston; Lowrey-forward, Ot-tawa, Brockville,1936; Darragh -forward., OttawaRideaus, 1936;McCabe - for-ward, Almont, St.John' s, 1936; Mor-g an - forward,Belle v i I l e, 1396;Legrls- Renfrew,1936; Marion ---Ottawa, Potsdam,1936; Leclaire -f o r ward, Conis-ton; Stack - for-ward, Winnipeg,Nelson, 1936. An- Price

other goal-keeper, a defence man, and threeforwards are still to join the Coniston clubfrom outside points.

Coniston Girls Standout of theSummer on INCO Sporting Fronts

On all sporting fronts INCO employeesput in an active and successful summer,bringing within the triangle many trophiesand distinctions.

Outstanding record was that piled up bythe Coniston girls' softball team, who cele-brated their first season of play by knock-ing right at the door of the provincialchampionship. Practically unknown whenthey tangled in the first-round playdownwith North Bay, the Coniston lassies, underthe management of Albert Decks, won twostraight, showed a marked improvement inform every time they took the diamond.

They went on to eliminate Kirkland Laketwo straight, then took Ottawa in theirstride, two out of three.

Then they tackled Windsor, lost the firstgame by an overwhelming score, looked tohave come to the end of their tether. Butthey bounced right back into the fight bywinning the second game, and were onlydefeated in the final showdown by a 2-1score in overtime.

"Jerry" Fitzgerald, the Coniston girls' acepitcher, has been nominated by the Provin-cial Women's Softball Union for the 1936award of the Norman Craig trophy, whichis given annually to the woman athleteadjudged most valuable to her club in herparticular branch of sport in the provinceduring the season. That's tops, "Jerry"!

So INCO sports orchids go to Conistongirls for the 1936 summer season.

BASEBALLMonel Cup winners after a thrilling play-

down series turned out to be BarneyBarnett 's Froodians , who took the measureof Creighton in the finals , two games outof three, the deciding victory being an 8-5win on September 10, and Beaver 's home-run wallop with two on base proving thewinning blow . In the semi-finals , Creightonhad eliminated Refinery in two straight,and Frood had handed the same medicineto Copper Cliff.

Since several of Frood's players wereineligible for the provincial playdowns,Creighton was given the right to representthe Nickel Belt for the provincial inter-mediate "A" title , but decided not to followup the quest.

Similarly Coniston Buzzers, after trounc-ing the snappy South River nine for theNorthern Ontario Intermediate "B" champ-ionship , retired on its laurels and passed upthe expensive hunt for provincial honors.

September 19 saw a senior baseball classicbetween Creighton and an All-Star teampicked by Bert Flynn from the remainingNickel Belt clubs. The All-Stars hammeredout a decisive 7-5 win with the followingteam: Pitchers , Bill Sprung , Frood; ArchieDeyell, Falconbridge ; Bob Deacon , CopperCliff . Catchers : Wiggy Walmsley , CopperC 1 i f f; Howard Bradley, Falconbridge;

Chucker Crane, Frood; Lefty Esbaugh,Frood, first base; Peck Donald, Refinery,second base; Stan Irvine, Copper Cliff, thirdbase; Lige Beaver, Frood, shortstop; out-field, George Collins and Lefty Bucke,Copper Cliff, and Bill Fine, Frood.

SOFTBALL

A two-straight triumph over Bill Dopson'sCopper Cliff line-up in the playdowns gaveJim Dewey's Frood team the Nickel Beltsoftball championship in the 1936 five-teamleague, and they followed right up bysmacking North Bay Bearcats 14-10 in asudden-death game for the NorthernOntario Intermediate "A" title of theO.A.S.A. Not so hot, however, was theirshowing in a match with Kirkland LakeTheatres, senior finalists, who crushed theFroodians with an avalanche of runs.

In the Copper Cliff League, Bill Dopson'steam defeated the George Brown Shopssquad, 1935 champs, for the John AndersonCup, after a hotly contested five-team leagueseason.

FOOTBALLFirst instalment of the pigskin laurels

came early in the season, when Frood finallygot to grips with Ulster United of Torontoin a hang-over series for last year's NationalLeague title, and copped the trophy with a3-1 victory. George Simpson's men thenpicked off the Charity Cup and followed upby trimming Beverage Rovers for the EvansCup. They lost out in a play-off for theAnderson Cup, and were eliminated alsofrom the Dominion Cup and the NationalLeague series.

Tom Blakeley's Garson team camethrough with an outstanding victory whenthey defeated Frood for the Star Cup, gen-erally recognized as the pick of the localtrophy events.

ETCETRAConnie Gareau, of Frood, made a spectac-

ular showing in the C.N.E. annual marathonswim at Toronto, finishing third; later inthe season he was victor at Kirkland Lakein an exhibition swim with Jackie May, theHonolulu fish.

Other fish of definite interest to INCOsportsmen, but for a different reason, werethose placed in waters of the district bythe energetic and useful Sudbury Fish andGame Association. Looking to the futurethey put 2,000,000 pickerel in Lake Penage,1,000,000 each in Ramsay and Wahnapitae,and 500,000 in Matagamasing; also inRamsay, Wahnapitae and Windy Lakes theydropped 40,000 lake trout. Some 25,000 rain-bow trout were distributed throughout thedistrict, and some 20,000 brook trout. Oneshipment of bass was planted near Hagar.

Propellers of the elusive pill who coppedseason prizes at Idylwylde Golf and CountryClub included several INCO sportsmen, Bigwinner was Charlie Langlois, of Frood, who

annexed enough silver to start a jewelrystore. He lifted the G. M. Miller Trophy inthe Soo-Sudbury tourney, the Coniston Cup,and a putting prize. Then, for a finishingtouch, he carried off the E. A. CollinsTrophy, emblematic of the club champion-ship, for the third year in succession.

Norman Kearns, of Copper Cliff, and hispartner, Miss Betty McLeod, won the BarneyLeak Cup for mixed two-ball foursomes.To Sam Nute, also of Copper Cliff, went theRoss Shield. Bob McAndrew. of Frood, wonthe Acme Timber Cup, and Leland Fraser,of Copper Cliff, won the runner-up prizefor the Agnew Cup.

On as late a date as October 17, the long-drawn feud between E. A. Collins and P. F.McDonald for golf supremacy was still atwhite heat, although it showed signs of cool-ing for the season when Mr. McDonald hadto hurry away to keep a skating date withFrank Taylor.

Swank Trophyfor Canadians

Strikingly unusual in concept and design,the Lou Marsh Memorial Trophy will infuture be awarded annually to the Canadianathlete, man or woman, professional oramateur, whose performance is consideredby a board of five judges to be the mostoutstanding of the year.

HONORS LOU MARSH

The award is to perpetuate the memoryof one of the Dominion's most noted sports-men and sports writers, the late Lou E.Marsh, of Toronto, who died suddenly earlyin 1936. An outstanding authority in hisfield, Lou Marsh was always noted for hisbluntness, frankness and outspoken attitude,his dislike of hampering conventions andred tape.

In planning a trophy to honor hismemory, the Canadian sportsmen concernedinsisted that the design must be in keepingwith the nature of the man whose achieve-ments it will commemorate, that it muststudiously avoid the stereotyped and con-ventional. The result is a complete depar-ture from any previous examples of this artin the Dominion.

SOFT, SILVERY MONELA three-foot pylon of black marble.

flecked with gold, is mounted on a black

marble base. Around the base is a band ofsoft, silvery Monel Metal on which the nameand purpose of this unique Canadian trophyis engraved. One side of the hexagonalpylon is faced with Monel Metal with thenewspaper column heading which appeareddaily over Lou Marsh's writings, engravedat the top. The names of the winners willbe inscribed below on the untarnishable sur-face of the metal. A miniature replica ofthe trophy will be presented to each winner

330 Tons of "Cookies " in F- qSudbury Dairy RECALLS THE1,,,,. 1^,;;^ l n he IN[n3tals Monel MetalCharge for the Anode Furnaces' LADDER DAYS

er ,o each cake weighing 500-=,, •arre 'Refinery anode furnaces by this dexterous crane which, however, never

erg. 3 . .

tions at Ontario Refinery, Copper Cliff)

The feed to the refinery is a productof the smelter, namely, blister copper.

This "blister," so called because of itsrough blistery appearance, contains smallamounts of silver, gold, platinum metals,selenium, tellurium and nickel. The elim-ination of impurities and separation of thecopper from these metals, followed by theirproduction in marketable form of highpurity, is the function of the refinery.EXTENSIVE TESTING

The blister cakes, weighing about 500pounds, are transported to the refinery bymeans of railroad flat cars and upon theirarrival are unloaded to small narrow gaugeplant trucks. These cars with their loadof "cakes" are then carefully weighed andcheck-a sighed. One out of every four isthen drilled in order to obtain a sample forthe assay office, where chemists determinethe exact amounts of various metals thatare present with copper. The laboratory isa very- important division of the plant andthere the most minute quantities of metalscan be accurately determined by means ofchemical and fire analysis.

The first department to treat this in-

The Easy WayProved Painful Way

It might have seemed easier to roll thatlarge chunk of rock along the floor a shortdistance so that it would fall into the chuteand he would be spared the work ofsledging it into small pieces as is the properpractice.

But the Frood miner who attempted todo so, a day last January, later ferventlywished he hadn't.

The chunk caught his hand against apost-fractured his thumb. He was forcedto take a month 's holiday while it healed.

Obeying OrdersIs a Sound System

Strict following of instructions is anemployee's best self-protection against Injuryfrom accidents.

Although he had been warned always toass a long bar when turning pots, and hadtwice been checked up for doing otherwise,a baleman on the Orford converters atCopper Cliff one day last June used aShackle pin.

When turning, the pot struck a transfercar, causing a slag spill. Some of the slagsplashed into the erring baleman 's mitt,causing severe burns on his right hand.

coming blister copper and the one wnicwill be described in this issue is the AnodeDepartment.

The anode furnaces are constructed ofstructural steel and refractory bricks andare approximately 60 feet long, 18 feet wide,and 12 feet high.

DEXTEROUS CRANESThe charging of blister cakes is accom-

plished by means of special type craneswhich can be seen in the photograph. Thecrane carries 16 cakes at a time into thefurnace and the ease and dexterity withwhich the machine is handled by theoperator always impresses the onlooker. Itsresemblance to the human arm and handis very noticeable and is quite frequentlyremarked upon.

About 330 tons of cakes constitute eachcharge and the copper is molten after about12 hours of continuous pulverized coalfiring. Iron pipes are then inserted andair is blown into the mass of liquid copper.This operation is called "flapping;" itspurpose is to provide oxygen to combinewith certain impurities present in thecopper.

After this step a considerable amountof slag or impurities can be seen floatingon the bath. This is "skimmed" and, aftercooling, is crushed, sampled and returnedto the smelter.

In order to bring the molten copper toa suitable condition for casting, the bathis then "poled." In this operation largegreen hardwood poles are inserted throughthe skim door and forced into the bath bymeans of an air lift. Some excess oxygenremains in the copper from "flapping."This is removed by "reducing" gasesliberated from the burning wood. Usuallyfive or six poles are required before thebath is "reduced" to the desired condition.Samples are taken frequently and whenthese indicate that the molten copper is incasting condition the furnace is "tapped."

CASTING THE ANODESThe casting of anodes is accomplished

by means of large wheels shown in thephotograph. The operators pour the copperfrom the ladies into shallow copper moldswhich have previously been coated with analunite wash to prevent sticking. Afterabout 550 pounds of copper have beenpoured into the mold the ladle is tiltedback and the wheel moved until anothermold is in position to receive its share ofthe molten material. The anodes, as theseflat castings are called, are removed fromthe molds by means of an air lift and areimmersed, while still red hot, into a coolingbosh filled with water. When 38 of theseanodes are ready in the bosh the cranemanlifts the group by means of a swinging rackand loads them to narrow gauge plantrack cars.

The anodes are carefully weighed andstored ready for removal to the tank housewhere they will be electrolytically refined.

A marvel of human ingenuity is the newmilk-handling and milk-bottling equipmentat the Palm Dairies plant on ShaughnessySt., Sudbury.

The complete equipment for the handlingof milk from the time it enters the PalmDairies plant until it is bottled and senton its way to the refrigeration departmentto await delivery, was purchased fromCherry-Burrell Corporation of Canada,Limited, nationally-known manufacturers ofdairy equipment. Practically every bit ofthe machinery, including the pipes throughwhich the milk passes during the differentstages of pasteurization, is made of Monelmetal, produced from the Sudbury mines,this metal being chosen for its non-corrosiveand stainless qualities.

JOINED UP ATTHE VICTORIA

John McMullen, of Coniston, watcheswhile a powerful big crane rumbles over-head up the converter aisle, drops balesover the handles of a 185-cubic-foot steelpot, hoists it with ridiculous ease, and,swinging over, gently pours its load of 12tons of moltenmatte into the;aping maw of aconverter.

John McMullensighs with satis-faction, as h i smind harks backto the old smelternear VictoriaMine, where hestarted work onMay 8, 1906.

The smoothnessand efficiencywith which ore,matte, and slagare handled nowby conveyor belts,cranes, and trains, sdays seem like a qu

BUCKETS USED TATWhen he arrived on the scene, ore was

transferred by bucket line from VictoriaMine to the roast beds, where thousands oftons were piled on an open-air pyre ofcordwood, the wood was ignited, and theore left to roast for from three to fivemonths to remove the bulk of the sulphurit -contained. Thenn, again by 'bucket line,the roasted ore was transferred to thestorage bins in the smelter.

In two-wheeled buggies, which wouldhold about 800 pounds each, the ore wastrundled to the open blast furnaces andjust dumped in. Sometimes, in the dumpingprocess, the buggy would tip over and fallin too. Then the blast had to be shut offwhile a chain was attached and the buggyrescued.

A SLAG-POT PUSHERFrom the furnaces the matte was taken

into the settler, and from there fed by atrough to the two converters. Slag fromthe converters was drawn off into potsholding from 300 to 400 pounds each, andthe pots pushed out to the dump. JohnMcMullen's first job was pushing slag pots.When the Mond Nickel Company moved toConiston in 1913, he was still on the force,

in e n t of INCOoperations,Frank Anderson,of Frood, looksback on a longand colorfulcareer, has to hiscredit many yearsof INCO service.

Born in Swedenof Finnish par-ents 56 years ago,he went out onhis own at theage of 14, crossedthe Atlantic tojoin a marriedsister in the Unit-ed States; has

the pond.ad drifted to Coppere of the Canadian

Copper Company at the old No. 1 mine.

YOU HAD TO CLIMBThose were the cage-less days when the

shaft had two compartments and a ladder-way, and a man had his 900-foot climb upthe ladder after a hard 10-hour day becausemining regulations forbade him riding inthe skips. Approximately 100 men wereworking at the No. 1 when he arrived, and150 tons was considered a good day'shoisting.

Frank Anderson started in as a mucker,then became a pipe fitter, a driller. Theydrilled dry then, without today's water lines,and sometimes your partner might be boringaway within 12 feet of you, but you wouldn'tknow it except for the noise, the dust wasso thick.

Finally, in 1901, at the No. 2 mine, FrankAnderson was promoted to shift boss, andin 1906 he went to Crean Hill as generalforeman, transferring to Creighton in thesame capacity in 1910.

Three years later he retired temporarilyfrom service and went farming to build uphis health. He bought land in WatersTownship, still owns it, is proud of a herdof 100 fine dairy cattle.

The soothing sound of the chewing ofmany cuds, however, is no music to theears of an old mining man, and Frankhopped back into the harness at Frood in1926 to be near the clanging hoist signalsagain, is a toplander. Of his family of fivetwo sons are on the force at Creighton.A LOYAL EMPLOYEE

Fifteen years of his service he servedunder "Cap" Hambley. "You couldn't stumphim," says "Cap." "He'd go any place, doanything, was never afraid of any kind ofwork."

They still tell a story about FrankAnderson going fishing on the Vermilionwith two pals one day back in 1908. Thewaves rolled high and over went the canoe,plunging the trio into the chilly depths. Hisfriends Immediately struck out for shorebut Frank deliberately sank to the bottom,sat down and took off his boots before he'dstart swimming.

Such a man is a believer in personalcomfort and it's therefore no wonder thatFrank is liberally upholstered as well asimmensely popular,

and now he is general foreman of the

REVER B Coniston smelter. 1REVERB SHIFTTHe was born on a farm in Westmeathtownship, Renfrew County, Ontario, in 1879,nd seemed elected to a farmer's life until RECORDand RECORDhe came once to visit his sisters, Mrs. S.

Anderson and Mrs. J. D. Nelson, at VictoriaMine. After that he went back to the farm,but the spirit of the new northland hadinfected him, and in a few months he wasback at the Victoria.

Saturday, September 27, Mr. and Mrs.McMullen celebrated their silver weddinganniversary. They have one son.

M. Alavanja , of the Port Colborne plant,would very probably have lost the sightof his right eye on February 11, 1931.He was pouring converter copper from aladle Into the molds in the converterdepartment when a splash of moltencopper struck the lens and cracked it,but did not touch his eye . In Triangle'sphotograph Is clearly shown the depositon the lens. The glasses are still ondisplay at Port Colborne, a convincingobject lesson to employees.

At 4.00 o'clock on the afternoon ofOctober 17 Foreman Sid Smith and hisreverb shift heaved a sigh of relief but

One of the small group of old-timerswho started as miners with the CanadianCopper Company and are still in that depart-

kept their fingerscrossed.They had just

shattered t h e i rown Safety Clockrecord of 40,689shifts without anaccident, hadhung up the newall - time SmelterDepartments' rec-ord of 40,715shifts without anaccident, were de-termined to forgeon to even morespectacular safetytriumphs.

To Smith andhis men wrote SupP. F. McDonald: "Itoday's reports thatbreaking your previous record of safe shiftsworked. I note your previous record of40,689 safe shifts extends over a period fromMay 14, 1934 to September 27, 1935. Yourpresent record is 40.715 safe shifts and datesfrom the latter date. In other words, yourshift has experienced one accident only inthe past two years and five months, and noaccidents in the past year.

"Such experiences as these can beobtained only by careful work on the partof every man and the closest of supervision.

"I am greatly pleased that these excellentrecords have been established in a smelterdepartment, and I would ask you to accepton behalf of yourself and your men myheartiest appreciation."

Page R Within the INCO TRIANGLE Novemhcr, 111;Fi

TELL TRIANGLE(Continued from Page 2)

badminton club is open gratis to any paid-upmember of any INCO athletic association,or member of his family not regularlyemployed, and cards can be obtained fromMr. McGill.

U A double play for Dan Cupid was thescore against the accounting departmentSeptember 12 when Ross Corliss was wed atConiston to Helene Kidd. Office associatespresented them with a chest of silver anda coffee table. Cupid lurks in ledgers too.

f Figure-skating devotees are alreadyactive at Stanley Stadium, and the clubthis season anticipated a considerableincrease over last year's total enrolmentof 75.

Frood

It September 22 a unique record was setby 0. Edin and his 50 men on the 2,800south division when the safety departmenton their regular inspection allotted hisdivision the total number of points allowedfor general appearance of working places,in the monthly safety bonus competition.Each working place in this division was,as usual, carefully checked for evidence offaulty or careless work, and for cleanlinessand neatness. Divisions very often approachthis record, but this is the first time in thehistory of the mine that a complete okaywas given.41 Other outstanding Frood safety recordsinclude that of the Casey Jones shift, whichon October 11 completed one year with28,058 shifts without a lost-time accident.This is the best production shift boss recordyet established at Frood, and is a greatcredit to Jones and his men. Furtherrecords made by shift bosses and their menwithout a lost-time accident: J. Ressel,20,000; George Deschenes, 24,000 ; W. Arm-strong, 21,390; B. McAllister, 23,013; H.Cherry (construction), 28,494; M. Lahti,21,210. The Lahti record extends over aperiod of almost three years, and includesa period of shaft sinking.¶ Frood weddings: at Renfrew, H. W.Aitchison to Iva Johnstone; at North Bay,October 3, W. Gaylor and Florence Wheeler,of Montreal; at Copper Cliff, September 23,Edwin Fitzjohn to Marion Gribble.fl Frood geological department is assuredthe nucleus of an efficient staff in 1960 inthe person of Patrick Ogilvie, Jr. ProudPappy Ogilvie was passing out cigars morn-ing of October 10. Another recent birth:to Mr. and Mrs. R. Gallipeau, September 24,a son.( Promptly and generously the boys on2950-3100 levels donated a purse for afellow-worker, in the hospital following anaccident received while off work.Q Butch Ross and Dune McNaughton arestill trying to figure how many ducks canbe brought down at 500 yards with onecharge. In the meantime they've issuedinvitations to a duck dinner, printing inthe corner "B.Y.O.D.", which of coursemeans: Bring Your Own Ducks.C George Field, Creighton bush-leaguer,has been signed up by the Frood engineeringdepartment to manage the stope gang.Maxie Monteith has returned to the Froodoffice after a delightful visit in the CopperCliff office. He looks rested, plump.

4T A jealously guarded secret is RobertGrigor's recipe for making flowers grow onrock. Wonder if it could be used for baldheads too.IT Mentioned in dispatches, cited for brav-ery, and recipient of the Croix de Froode isJack Thompson, yard boss, who took a shotat Old Grumpy, the lumber yard bear. OldGrumpy is still alive, but nevertheless Jackgot his medal, an artistic bit of Froodianjewelry.

Refinery

C A maid employed at the home whereSteve Tract resides was heating a can offloor wax on the kitchen stove; can exploded,showering burning wax on her clothing,enveloping her in flames. Steve heard herscreams, rushed in and wrapped a blanketaround her to smother the blaze, saved herlife. He lost a day's work from burnedhands.IF One day about two months ago NickNykietchyn came home from work tofind that all his personal belongings hadbeen stolen during his absence. Later, on avacation trip to Toronto, he saw a formerSudbury "friend" on the street wearing oneof his suits. Police did their best for Nick,but most of his purloined duds had been sold.IT A number of ORCO employees are mem-bers of the Canadian Ukrainian SitchAssociation, chartered by the federal gov-ernment. Charter of the organization out-lines its aims: to foster education, sport,culture, religion, and to encourage membersto become good citizens of Canada. ChiefCommissioner for Ontario Is Nick Stuss;John Galwaldo and John Bilinsky are respec-tively president and executive member ofthe local chapter.

IF Nick Kronor's father was an Austrian,his mother a Ukrainian, and he was born inCanada. Yet he firmly maintains he's a

Spaniard. Okay, Senor Nick, we won'targue!IT Herman Cook's training in Fire ChiefKitchener's hook-and-ladder brigade stoodhim in good stead recently when flamesthreatened the Baxter Ricard home, Mackeysubdivision. Herman worked promptly,averted danger, won praise from Sudbury'sFire Chief Andrews.IT Good news it is that Bill Lovat's sonPeter is out of hospital, progressing fav-orably. In a boxing bout latter part ofAugust young Peter was apparently slightlyinjured, then developed complications. Aseries of operations in a Toronto hospitalcorrected a serious condition.

f( Wed, September 14, to Willa Armstrong,Bob McIntosh was presented with anelectric coffee percolator by some of hisORCO friends, who will not be averse topartaking of its good cheer now and then.

III A son arrived in the Dune Forster homeOctober 11. Daddy Forster let the affairexcite him considerably, forgot to drain theradiator of his car, found it frozen in themorning.fi Al Welblund went to New York for theWorld Series, discovered that the NickelBelt isn't the only place where baseballscores sometimes resemble boxcar numbers.R If Vern Tupling can stick it out on theORCO hockey defence line a few moreyears, he'll have another fair supporter inthe bleachers - Daughter Tupling, bornOctober 8.(j Other arrivals: to Mr. and Mrs . Stesco,September 19, a son, Robert Allen; to Mr.and Mrs. Harry Lipscombe, October 12, ason; to Mr. and Mrs. John Tallevi, a daugh-ter; to Mr. and Mrs. Walker Greenwood, adaughter.Q C. Hodgins drew a lucky "day off" Sep-tember 17, was wed to Mary Kulmala, ofSudbury. There may be other things to doon a day off but few of them last as long.

i Gatchell-residing ORCO employees rub-bed their eyes the morning of September 22when "Flash" Matthews flashed past at12-13 miles per hour. Maybe, they figured,it's the borrowed car; then, again, maybeit's the thought of another $16.50 touch.

Cre * h ton

¶ Canada geese at Moosonee must havethought they had been transferred to theSpanish war when they woke up morningof October 7 and heard the big boom boomfrom the guns of R. H. McInnes and hispartner. Bob brought the Northern Ontariohunting championship to No. 5 shaft bybringing down a record bag of the bigbeauties, and says the slaughter would havebeen greater if they'd had real decoys-theyused amateur decoys made of mud, a stick,and some paper.T D. G. Shutt has gone to Toronto to makehis home, severing 25 years' service withINCO, and leaving behind him many warmfriendships.

George Fields has been transferred tothe survey department at Frood. Here'sadvance notice to Frood bridge sharks . . .don't say we didn't warn you.fT After spending two months in Sweden,M. Johnson and family have returned toCreighton, say everyone over there seemshappy, contented.fj Wilfred Leek reports spotting a fox onthe Creighton Road. It jogged ahead of hiscar until Wilfred muttered: "I'll nab you,Tay friend." Barked foxy fox, "What fur?"and dived into the bush.f, Wed October 10 at Toronto, Mr. and Mrs.Jack Buchanan (nee Francis Elgie) arehoneymooning in New York, and will geta rousing reception on their return toCreighton.(T Returning from a visit to the coppermines in Michigan, A. Hasson says condi-tions are improving in that territory.fl Mr. and Mrs. J. Dingwall are back froma six-week sojourn in England and Scotland.John Jr. returned with them, and will makehis home in Canada after living in Englandfor eight years.I With tennis over, badminton is in fullswing at the Lake St. Hall, and a large andenthusiastic club is playing this season. Thetrophy put up by the Tennis Club for juniormembers was won by Robert Pascoe. YoungBob attends St. Albert's College in Belleville,and won the college championship in hisclass.

C Voluntary labor, supplied by Creightoncitizens, is showing good results in construc-tion of the new manse.(? Excavating a well at his home on theCreighton Mine Road, Happy Tomassinifound a man's glove 21 feet underground.There was nothing else to indicate that ahuman being had ever been there. The newhouse is at the intersection of the CreightonMine Road and Anderson's side road, on flatground. Considerable work has been doneon the roads at that intersection in yearspast, and it is believed the house is standingon an old fill.

NO STAINS NOWMonel Metal tread is now being used

on machine wheels in a large leather factory.Stains on white leather formerly appearedwhen brass was used to guide it through abraiding machine.

Well-Earned RecognitionBefore 1,000 fans who cheered him to the echo , Bert Flynn was honored

September 18 for his 21 years of outstanding service to Nickel District sportdom.During a "Bert Flynn Day" at Nickel Park, he and Mrs. Flynn received a radiofrom the citizens of Copper Cliff , an electric refrigerator from Nickel Belt fans andthe Copper Cliff Athletic Association , the only existing life membership in the latterorganization, and a nice fat purse. Making the presentations, Mayor Collins laudedBert's efforts to develop home talent , remarked on the infectious spirit of determina-tion, fight, and sportsmanship with which he always Imbued players . Anotherpresentation made by Bob McDonald was a pen and pencil set from the CapreolBaseball Club . In the Triangle photo : Mr. and Mrs . Flynn, Bob McDonald, MayorCollins , and little Catherine Flynn who , along with a lot of other people , thinksdaddy is okay.

35 YEARS ININCO SERVICE

Port Colborne cannot boast of as manyemployees, old in the Company service, asCopper Cliff, since operations commenced

here in 1918while at CopperCliff doingsdate back to1885. Amongthe Port Col-borne em-ployees aremen who weretrans f e r r e dhere from Bay-onne, N.J., andfrom CopperCliff.

While he hasnot the longestservice, yetwith 35 years

W'm. Mayhew with the Com-pany, one who ranks with the old-timers isWm. E. Mayhew. He had no one to sponsorhim, but by hard work and study, hascleaved out a good living for himself andfamily. Born in Dunbarton, Scotland,January 26th, 1872, he has now nearlyreached the age (85) at which he may retireon the liberal pension scheme provided bythe Retirement System of the Company.

SEA-GOING MANBill, as he is called by everyone who

knows him, came to Montreal in 1886, andserved his apprenticeship as a machinistwith Jas. Cooper Machine Works. He thenentered the service of the Northern Navi-gation Company as an engineer. Amongother steamers on which he had charge ofthe engines, was the City of Midland, onthe route between Collingwood, Ontario, andPort Arthur. He made these trips throughthe old St. Mary's River Channel pastGarden River, before the newer Hay LakeChannel was dredged for traffic. Thosereaders who have travelled by boat throughthe thirty thousand islands of the GeorgianBay and along the North Channel past theSault to Lake Superior and Port Arthur,will well remember what a delightful boattrip this makes. Later on he was on theS.S. Kenora out of Kenora, Ont., thenknown as Rat Portage.

In 1901 Bill came to Stobie Mine to takecharge of the Steam Power Plant, whichhad been moved there from the Evans Mineat Copper Cliff. With the Company thenwere John Lawson, Superintendent of Mines;Jas. Harris, Captain of Frood Mine; Mr.Campbell, Master Mechanic, and A. P.Turner, President of the Canadian CopperCompany, under whose name the operationswere carried on. Frood, the discoverer ofthe mine since named after him, was atthat time living at Portlock, Ont.

Workings were about 300 feet deep, butwere shut down shortly after as richer orewas being mined at Creighton.

AT OLD O.S.W.

In 1903 Bill was transferred to theOntario Smelting Works (a subsidiary ofThe International Nickel Company), incharge of Power House and Blowers. Allelectric power was developed by steam, thisbeing before the construction of the HydroElectric Plant at High Falls. He wellremembers the making of briquettes fromcalcined matte for charging Into thefurnaces and the use of hand drawn wheel

pots. These works were burned down in1904 and Bill was transferred to what wascalled the Farm, which is the site of thepresent Smelter. Here his job was to keepthe wheels turning in the Power House,both steam and electric. He continued atthis for nearly 20 years, and was trans-ferred to Port Colborne in 1923.

This was the period of changing overfrom steam-generated electric power toelectric power purchased from the Hydro.In addition to steam used for power, wasteheat from the furnaces is converted intosteam for use throughout the plantoperations. When the temperature runslow, Bill is the man who must "turn on theheat."

Anniversaryof Big Banquet

On November 30 falls the 31st anniversaryof the official throwing-in of the switch atthe High Falls Power Plant, and to the filesof E. A. Collins Triangle is indebted for aninteresting souvenir of that important event.

A total of 17 officials sat down to abanquet at High Falls on that 1905 eveningto celebrate the conclusion of a big anddifficult construction job. Mr. Collins pre-served for posterity his copy of theartistically decorated menu, the back ofwhich is historic with the signatures of allthose present.

COPPER CO. OFFICIALSCanadian Copper Co. officials in atten-

dance were: President A. P. Turner, ChiefMetallurgist David H. Browne, PurchasingAgent F. L. Shillington, Paymaster G. J.Oliver, Electrical Superintendent W. D.Fleet, Chief Clerk R. Kirkwood, GeneralSuperintendent John Lawson, High FallsSuperintendent Geo. Hartmann, Dr. A. H.Anderson, E. A. Collins.

Representing various companies supply-ing materials for the installation wereHenry Holgate, H. A. McIntyre, C. H. Baker,H. R. Snyder, L. C. Kauffman, E. C.Wheeler, A. R. Henry.

Despite its remoteness from sources ofsupply, the festive board groaned under aload of such tempting and appropriate fareas: Alternating Current Soup, Turkey withAmerican Concrete Stuffing, Copper CliffGoose, Sulphur Flavored; High VoltageCurrents, Double Inflow Budweiser, Dewar'sLightning Arrestor.

NEW WHEELBARROWSWeighing almost 50 per cent. less than

the wheelbarrow of conventional type, newmodels with balloon tires are being madeof nickel-aluminum alloy, and will carry a15 per cent. greater pay load.

Tell Trianble!With this Issue Triangle commences

a new service by publishing personalnews briefs from the INCO plants.The generous assistance of a group ofcorrespondents makes this featurepossible, and we wish to acknowledgetheir hearty co-operation . If In futureour readers will assist them by passingon to then interesting items aboutINCO workers, we will be able tomake Triangle that much more enter-taining for you.

e

r°` `"'r 'The Nickel Converter1ith>in to IN

... where Iron Sulphide comes to the end of its journey, bids good-byeto its Copper and Nickel ore-pals ...

By NATHAN CRAWFORD

The molten matte produced by the INCOnickel reverberatory furnaces is a copper-nickel-iron sulphide. The nickel and copper,of course, are recovered later; but the ironsulphide is of no commercial value and isregarded as an impurity. It must be re-moved from thematte before thatproduct can be

satisfactorilytreated i n t h ewell known Or-ford process forthe separation ofnickel from cop-per; and it is re-moved almost en-tirely as thematte passesthrough thenickel converters.A converter is

a horizontal cyl-inder of steel 35feet long and 13feet in diameter. Fset on rollers and suIn order to hold a charge of molten matteit is lined with 18 inches of magnesite brick.Eight ladles, or about 100 tons, of furnacematte poured into the converter throughits wide mouth by means of an overheadcrane fills the space within the lining abouthalf full. The converter is then ready foroperation.

FORCE AIR THROUGH MATTEThe feature of the process is the passage

of large quantities of air through the matte.This air is forced into the charge under16 pounds pressure through a row of holesin the lining running the whole length ofthe converter about a foot and a halt belowthe surface of the charge. These holes,called "tuyeres," are two inches in diameter,and 48 in number. They are kept fromfreezing over on the inside by the simpleprocess of inserting an iron bar and ham-mering away the crust as fast as it isformed, This is known as punching tuyeresand it keeps two "punchers" busy con-tinuously. But, as a result, enough air tofill the bowling room of the Copper CliffClub is forced through the charge eachand every minute.

The fuel used to keep the charge at atemperature of 2200 degrees, or thereabouts,is the very impurity, iron sulphide, which

is removed in the process. Thanks to

Mother Nature, the oxygen of the airentering through the tuyeres attacks boththe iron and the sulphur, and burns themat such a rate that the rest of the charge

is kept white hot. The sulphur, of course,in the form of gas, passes through the mouthand up the flue to the big stack. The iron,however, remains in liquid form and mustbe removed in a different way.

At the beginning of each "blow," afterthe converter has been rolled back roaringand spouting sparks and flames, severaltons of sand are forced onto the surface ofthe charge through a "gun" at one end ofthe converter by means of compressed air.This sand contains a substance, calledsilica, which has the power of combiningwith the "burned" iron in such a way asto form slag which, fortunately, separatesfrom the matte and rises to the surface.

the amount of heat developed is often verygreat, and may be enough to attack thebrick lining. In such a case a skimmer willcall for scrap. That is, he will ask thecrane handlers to bring him some of thecleanings invariably found in a large smelter,to be charged to his converter and helpcool it off a bit. During this period theconverter is said to be operating on a"green charge."

Soon after this, however, the iron contentof the charge becomes much smaller, andthe matte in the converter becomes richerand richer in nickel and copper, for, veryfortunately indeed, as long as there isplenty of iron sulphide in the charge theair confines its attention to that objection-able substance, and leaves the copper andnickel sulphides untouched. As the quan-tity of iron sulphide present diminishes,however, it becomes necessary to shortenthe length of each blow for fear of burningsome of the sulphur out of the other sul-phides. The amount of sand charged isalso cut for there is now not so much slagto be skimmed after each blow. The con-verter is now on a "high charge" and willsoon be ready to cast.

The converter can be filled only to acertain level; so, as the amount of ironremoved becomes ever smaller, it becomesincreasingly difficult to make room for theaddition of more furnace matte. When ithas been filled to capacity with concentratedmatte, then, the charge is about ready fbbe "finished up." In this final process ofconverting the skimmer's ability is taxedto the utmost, for everything he does fromnow on has a direct bearing on the qualityof the final product.

"DIAMONDS" AND "FEATHERS"There are several signs for him to watch

at this time: a puncher's bar thrust into atuyere and quickly withdrawn comes outcoated with frozen matte. This coating willbe jet black and quite shiny. From itsappearance a good skimmer can usuallypredict with remarkable accuracy just howmuch more slag there will be to take off.This evidence is strengthened by theappearance of the inside of the converter.Usually at this time "diamonds" begin tomake their appearance-brilliant liquidsparks which cling to the walls and roofof the converter and occasionally showerdown upon the surface of the charge. Theslag, too, has a characteristic appearance:considering the scarcity of iron in the chargeit is apt to be rich in silica from the excesssand. In such a case "feathers" show up.These are the "streamlined" feather-shapedicicles of slag that form on the under sideof the slag stream while skimming.

After one or two blows of 25 or 30minutes during which no furnace matte wascharged to the converter, the puncher's barwill usually be very black and very shinyand show an occasional metallic streakwhere it scraped along the side of the tuyerewhile passing through. When this streakbecomes bluish or purplish in color theskimmer watches it very carefully for thecharge is nearly finished. With about fivemore minutes of blowing left a tinge of tanor yellow will creep into the purple streak;and when this is quite definite the skimmerturns his converter down to skim off the

WATCHES HIS "BUTTER"At the end of the blow, then, the

"skimmer" in charge of the converter turnshis "shell" down, shuts off the air, andpours the top layer, which is slag, into alarge pot below the converter. As he pours,or "skims," he thrusts a long bar with aflat upturned end into the stream of slagto test it. The slag adheres to this barand resembles a layer of butter; the con-verter is turned down slowly inch by inch,until small brighter spots appear on the bar,or until a liquid appears which runs off the"butter" like water. The liquid is matte andmust be kept inside the converter, so theconverter is turned up again an inch or sountil no matte runs out. In this way theslag is skimmed clean after each blow muchin the same way as the top is poured off abottle of milk. The pot of slag, however,still contains small droplets of matte whichfailed to separate completely from the slagso it is lifted by the powerful overheadcrane and poured into one of the reverbs,in whose quieter atmosphere the matte drop-lets are enabled to settle and return tothe converter later on.

Thus, each "blow," lasting 45 or 50minutes, consists of charging sand, some-times called "flux," elimination of sulphurup the flue in the form of gas, and burningof the iron in such a way that it willcombine with the flux to form a suitableliquid slag, and at the end of this time theslag is skimmed off. As the iron andsulphur are removed the surface of thecharge naturally sinks and room is madefor more matte from the furnaces. A greenlight, or perhaps two, on the skimmer'splatform informs the reverb furnace menof this fact as the converter is turned backfor the next blow; the matte is tapped fromthe furnace into a ladle, wheeled out tothe converter aisle by transfer car, anddelivered to the converter by crane.

COOLING OFF WITH SCRAP

During the first 24 hours of blowing on acharge there is still a considerable amountof the combined fuel and impurity, ironsulphide, in the converter. For this reason

b TRIANGLE

Page 7

The skimmer has spotted "diamonds"-brilliant liquid sparks which cling tothe walls and roof of his converter. Also he's noticed "feathers"-feather-shapedicicles of slag that form on the under -side of the slag stream when he Is skimming.So here he's pouring one of the final ladles of slag from his converter before hestarts casting matte. But read about those tricky big converters in NathanCrawford's article on this page.

last slag. This slag is usually very thickand leathery, and difficult to skim off com-pletely. So when all that is possible hasbeen poured off, the converter is turnedback so that the tuyeres are just a littleabove the surface of the charge and a littleair is turned on to blow over the surfaceand freeze it. This makes it possible topour out a ladle of clean matte from underthe frozen slag, and this matte, the firstladle of the "cast," is carried by crane andtransfer car to the casting aisle behind theconverters where it is poured into moldsand allowed to cool before being taken tothe Orford building.

TESTING THE SAMPLE

At the molds a sample is taken in asmall steel spoon and cooled in water. It isthen carefully inspected for color-theproper shade of metallic tan; "feel"-ratherrough, yet "soapy;" for its grainy texture,and for the ease with which it breaks.Skilful shift bosses and skimmers can judgeto within a fraction of one per cent. thesulphur and iron content of the matte fromthis inspection of the sample. If the firstladle is okayed, which is usually the case,the rest of the charge is cast, leaving theconverter empty and ready for anothercharge of furnace matte.

There are three nickel reverb furnacessupplying matte to the nickel converters.This matte contains about 13%b nickel and

INCO MUSIC SENSATIONOF 1936 IS CONISTON BAN

than a year-that was the royal roa tomusic covered by Coniston Band.

Making its official debut as guest artistsat an INCO Amateur Night contest before2,700 people in Stanley Stadium August 11,this versatile young organization "oompahed"its way into the spotlight, and has held itever since.

Re-organized September 19, 1935, it wasplaced under the gifted leadership of DanTotino. Many of the members couldn'tplay their instruments-Totino taught themdespite themselves. Now they reel offthings like Handel's Largo, Brahms'Hungarian Dance No. 5, Mignonette, gemsfrom the opera Norma , spots from Faust.NOW HAS 28 MEMBERS

The group started with six members, had

Bute

D

expenses, ree nights a weethe full band practices; other nights varioussections gather separately for instructionfrom Maestro Totino.

Here they all are, left to right: Backrow, A. Gobbo, R. Martin, T. Ferra, G.Sartor, G. Baggio, E. Charette; centre row,standing, G. Gentile, A. Franchetto, P.Martin, L. H. Hunt, T. Abbott, J. Hunt, T.Oliver; seated, A. Lemieux, E. Modesto, S.Sottile, M. Battistuzzi, Dan Totino, J.Mislinski, F. Benadetti, M. Solski; front row,P. Chomacchio, I. Toniolo, H. Smith, J.Serantola.

Members of the committee behind thisenergetic and successful organization are:W. A. MacDonell, F. Murphy, E. T. Austin,Frank Parker, Paul Hugh, A. Desautels.

7% copper, the rest being iron and sulphur.It is treated in seven or eight of the con-verters whose final product, hundreds oftons of it daily, contains about 50% nickel,26% copper, 23% sulphur, and 1% iron. Thenickel and copper are in the form ofsulphides for in this form they are bestsuited for the Orford process which follows.

The removal of iron sulphide by themere process of blowing air through thematte to be treated, makes the convertersone of the most economical and efficient,and also one of the most interesting de-partments in the smelter.

ADDITION TOC. C. SMELTER

(Continued from Page 1)

now being installed, are ready for the opera-tion of one of the reverbs. The conveyorsystem includes about a mile of rubber belt-ing, widest of which is 72 inches, longeststretch of which is 1,260 feet. More than170 motors go into the electrical circuit.supplying more than 4,000 h.p.

Four of the seven new converters areready for drying-out fires, which burn twoor three days. Same size as the old con-verters in the nickel division, 35 feet longby 13 feet in diameter, they differ withlarger openings calling for bigger hoods,have 59 instead of 48 of the valved air-inletscalled tuyeres along their backs. One con-verter is being moved over from the nickeldivision to join them in exclusive copperproduction.

Laying of 20,000 tile and 7,000 brick closesup the east end of the addition to the reverbbuilding, the final instalment in the housingof the copper division.

MANUFACTURING WIND

To supply air at 17-pound pressure to thecopper division, two new Brown-Boveriblowers are being installed at the sub-station.Politicians might gaze with envy on thesemonster lungs; each has a capacity of 40,000cubic feet of air a minute, yet takes lessthan half the floor space used by an olderunit with a capacity of only 20,000 cubicfeet. Conductor of this artificial wind fromthe sub-station to the plant is a blast line,five feet in diameter in its largest section,of 20-inch diameter where it contacts theconverters, containing 260 tons of structuralsteel and plate. Power to operate the blow-ers comes from two motors, each of 3,500h.p.

Traffic cop between converters and chim-ney is the dust chamber which receives thegases, slows them down to a snail's pace sothe dust they carry drops into hoppers inthe bottom of the chamber. From thesehoppers the dust is poured into cars, trun-dled over the larry floor, discharged into aconveyor, headed back for the converterslike a truant boy sent back to school. "Fullspeed ahead" has been the Fraser-Braceconstruction cry on the dust chamber, andwith many hands on deck this importantauxiliary has been raised in record time. Itmeasures 182 feet long, 81 feet wide, 60 feethigh. Into its exterior walls and dust hop-pers have gone 220,000 common red brick,into Its interior walls 575,000 firebrick laidin special acid-resisting mortar.

Also hurried to completion is an additionto the coal plant to fuel the new reverbs,involving an increase in grinding capacityof 25 per cent.

Page 8 Within the INCO TRIANGLE

MILL'S ORE-TAMERIS CRUSHING PLANT

When ore is delivered from the minesinto the 10,000-ton receiving bins at CopperCliff concentrator, the largest pieces arenot over six inches in diameter, but it wouldbe rather difficult to secure results from adelicate flotation process with chunks thatsize.

So the first step is to put it through thecrushing plant, from which it emerges witha maximum diameter of one-sixth of an inch.

THE ORE-TAMER

Tough customers though they may be,Frood and Creighton ores soon give up theghost when subjected to the hammering andbattering they get in the crushing plant.

They are first drawn from the receivingried to the Symons crushers bycari

ing plant which is worthy of particularmention. This is the provision for collectingthe dust which is formed, and which mightotherwise pollute the atmosphere and createa condition hazardous to health. The pro-duction of dust is inevitable in the finecrushing of dry rock, and it is both impracti-cable and undesirable to add any waterto the ore at this stage of the operation.However, the dust can be-and is-preventedfrom getting into the atmosphere of thebuilding, because a complete dust removalsystem was incorporated in the originaldesign when the crushing plant was built.

EQUIPPED FROM STARTThis is believed to be the first ore-

crushing plant of major size on the Northnsa American continent to be so equipped

enda seriesof s of conveyor

certain of belts.these beltsthe are largedischarge

the beg inning. Many crushing plants nowa

-electro-magnets, whose purpose is to lift out days have dustremoval systems which, how-lantsti ft thdd d me a er e pe someany tramp iron which might be present in ever, were a

were builtthe ore, such as hammerheads and drill

steel, which might damage the crushingmachines. There are two stages of actualcrushing, and the Symons crushers consti-tute the first stage.

To employ a very elementary illustration,a Symons crusher may be likened to ananimated toad-stool. It is a very large toad-stool, of course, the total machine weighingsome 65 tons, and some of its parts beingmade of the toughest of manganese or nickelsteels, but the crushing element in themachine does have a shape very similar tothat of a toad-stool.

In operation, the bottom part of the stemdescribes a circle, and this imparts a gyra- .tory motion to the upper part. All this is before it reaches the fan, the confined dustyenclosed in a stationary housing. Between air in the pipes is drawn through a waterthe fixed part and the movable part, there spray tank, and the mineralized dust isis a decreasing annular clearance, varying 1 recovered as a wet slurry which flows overfrom several inches at the top entrance, toa minimum of only three-quarters of aninch at the bottom discharge.

The ore is poured in on top of the danc-ing toad-stool and Is shaken evenly, overthe rim. Each rock is nipped and squeezedand shaken down by the gyratory motion,and no piece can escape except by passingthrough the three-quarter inch annual open-ing at the bottom. There are three of thesemachines.

400 TONS AN HOUR

The observer, watching one of thesemachines in operation, would see a streamof ore with pieces up to six Inches in diam-eter, pouring into the top at the rate of 400tons an hour, or one ton every nine seconds.At the bottom, he would see that samestream of ore streaking out on another belt,with the pieces three-quarters of an inch orless in diameter.

This completes the first crushing opera-tion. Before passing to the second, the orepasses over a battery of electrically vibratedscreens, which screen out that part of Itwhich is less than a sixth of an inch indiameter. There are eight screens in thisprimary battery; each has a surface roughly31 feet wide by five feet long. The screensare set at an angle of 38 degrees and make3,000 vibrations per minute.

That portion of the ore which is able topass through these screens falls uponanother conveyor system and is taken to theconcentrating section. That which is stilltoo coarse to pass through the screens isconveyed to the second stage of crushing.This stage consists of five Traylor rolls.

Again resorting to an elementary illus-tration, the rolls operate like the ordinaryhousehold wringer on washday. The rollsare covered with heavy tires of alloy steel,6I feet in outside diameter by 18 inches wide.Each pair of tires weighs 10 tons. The totalweight of the machine is about 150 tons.Each tire is mounted on a heavy forged-steel shaft and is driven by a 200 h.p. motor,making 400 h.p. for the total machine.

Like a wringer, the two rolls revolvetoward each other, and at equal speed,running about 108 revolutions per minute.They are set practically face to face, anda continuous ribbon of ore passes betweenthem and is crushed by direct squeezingand pressure. The rolls can spread furtherapart only by overcoming a spring pressureof 36,000 pounds per lineal inch of roll face.This is the squeezing pressure which isbrought to bear upon the ore.

Each machine crushes about 275 tons ofore per hour. With three and sometimesfour machines in operation, the capacity ofthe roll plant averages about 1,000 tons anhour.

SECONDARY SCREENS

The product of the rolls returns by con-veyor to a battery of 24 secondary screens,identical with the primary screens alreadymentioned, of the same size, and with screencloth whose width of opening is also aboutone-sixteenth of an inch. All of the materialin the roll product which is fine enough topass through the screens now does so, join-ing the undersize of the primary screens andpassing on to the concentrating section. Theoversize of the secondary screens is simplyconveyed back to the rolls for a second pass,repeating the journey as many times asmay be necessary to become fine enoughto pass through the screens. The circulatingload in this circuit is just about 200 percent., that is, on the average, all of the orereturns twice to the rolls after its originalpassage through them.

This completes the crushing operation,but there is one other feature of the crush-

In the Copper Cliff crushing plant, asystem of dust pipes interlaces the entirecrushing and screening buildings, with atleast one pipe reaching to every chute andevery screen and any other point which theore is sufficiently in motion to cause dustto rise. These pipes all lead to a commonheader, and a constant suction is main-tained upon the system by means of aventilating fan, which draws 50,000 cubicfeet of air per minute from inside the build-ing and discharges it outdoors.

RECOVER DUST

This is equivalent to changing all of theair in the plant every 20 minutes Just

to the concentrating section. The dustcollecting system effectively maintains aclear atmosphere In the crushing and screen-ing plants, so that the health of the men issafeguarded.

MINSTREL OFPIONEER DAYS

Second-longest continuous service withINCO is the distinguished record of JohnGribble, Copper Cliff veteran, who aeknowl-

edges work-ing seniorityonly to the44 - year rec-ord of Wm.Zinkie, Cop-per Cliff sub-station.

Born in 1873at West Tol-gus, Corn-wall, Eng-land, JohnGribble cameto visit hisbrother,s t a r t e dwork withthe CanadianCopper Com-

pany on June 14 of that year, and has missedvery few working hours in the 41 yearsyears since.

He started as a drill helper at the No. 1mine, but six months later became time-keeper in the Evans mine, then a year afterthat was called to the general office. Since1907 he has been cashier. He has threedaughters and one son.

A musician of skill, he has been activelyInterested in the musical organizations ofthe nickel district and few of them do notbear the imprint of his influence andenthusiasm.

PRESENTED WITH WATCH

Two or three days after his arrival InCopper Cliff he was the community's officialorganist, presided at all consoles regardlessof denomination. Six months of such servicefound the town so appreciative that, at asurprise party in the Hambley home atEvans mine, Catholic and Protestant con-gregations combined to present him with ahandsome gold watch which, like its owner,is still ticking strong.

In 1918 he transferred to the choir of St.Andrew's Church, Sudbury, became organistuntil the arrival of E. B. Beattie. Returningto Copper Cliff, he was at the United Churchconsole until 1931, conducted the 97th Regi-mental Band.

Second only to music as a hobby he ratessoccer, is a familiar figure at all exhibitionsof the pigskin pastime in the district, deniesthat one year they didn't hold the champion-ship match because he was unable to attend.

Pressed for reminiscences, he doesn't pickout anything in particular from those 41years, says "Whenever anything happenedaround Copper Cliff, I wasn't far away."

MONEL FOR LIFE-SAVINGA new life-saving gun, for throwing life-

lines at sea, shoots projectiles made ofMonel metal, because it alone of all metalstested resists corrosion from salt water andsalt air, and will not "mushroom" whenthe charge is fired.

November, 1936

It's the Squeeze Play ofIf you think the laundry is hard on your shirts, imagine how Mother Earth feels

about the way the Copper Cliff concentrator treats her ore-children. Like gianthousehold ringers these Traylor Rolls revolve toward each other at about 108revolutions a minute , and the unfortunate ores, passing between them, get squeezedto the tune of 36 ,000 pounds per lineal inch of roll surface.

WHITEHEAD'SPLANT ACTIVE

(By HALVERT LINTVEDT)The Whitehead Metal Products Company

of Canada, Limited, constructed a factoryat Port Colborne, Ont., In February andMarch of this year, for the purpose ofmanufacturing Monel Metal range boilersand automatic water heaters with MonelMetal tanks, similar to those manufacturedat the Cambridge factory of the WhiteheadMetal Products Company of New York, Inc.

HEALTHY OUTLOOKThe tremendous success of the Cambridge

factory, the high import duties from theUnited States to Canada, and the promisingoutlook for -Canadian- busineaa are the com-bined factors which caused the forming ofthe Canadian Whitehead Company and thefactory at Port Colborne.

The history of the Cambridge factory isthat of a continuous expansion.

The first water heaters with Monelmetal tanks were built about four years ago.About that time the Whitehead Companyhad just completed its new four-storey build-ing at Cambridge, Mass., and the manufac-turing department for Monel metal waterheaters occupied about one-half of one floorin the new building and the production wasabout 300 water heaters per month.

RAPID EXPANSION

In January, 1933, the installation of newmachinery for making Monel metal rangeboilers and tanks by resistance-welding wascompleted, and a program was set up formaking 1,000 range boilers and 400 waterheaters per month.

This program seemed rather optimisticat that time and quite a few of us probablythought "it is grand as long as it lasts."But we were unduly pessimistic.

The next year the program was for 1,500range boilers and 600 water heaters permonth, and at the same time preparationswere being made for the manufacture ofMonel metal pails and Monel metal custom-built sinks and cabinet taps. The manufac-turing department at that time occupiedthree floors of 18,000 square feet each. Atthe present time the Cambridge factory isoccupying the three floors in the originalbuilding and in addition another three-storey building with about the same floorspace. The production is 3,000 range boilers,2,000 water heaters, 1,500 pails and 100custom-built sinks per month.

FIRE INTERVENES

Construction ofNew Lab. Underway

Although fall weather has been respon-sible for many delays, construction of thenew INCO research and plant laboratoryis proceeding on the site next to the generaloffice at Copper Cliff.

The building will have a frontage of 155feet. Two wings, eacl* of one storey andbasement, will be 35 feet by 87 feet and35 feet by 123 feet. The centre portion willbe 85 feet by 60 feet, will have two storeys,attic, basement.

Foundation walls and footing will be ofreinforced concrete, and the floors will beconcrete on steel beams with mastic floortile covering. Area of the first floor willbe 12,500 square feet.

Exterior walls will be of tile and brickveneer, Interior walls of tile, servlec wallsof four-inch tile with a two-inch spacebetween walls. The roof will be of Hayditewith asphalt slate shingles.

Services in the building will include air-filtering and washing equipment, elevatorto serve all floors, inter-office communica-tion system, gas piping, compressed air,vacuum system and distilled water equip-ment, and both a.c. and d.c. power.

LIBRARY REMODELLED

Familiar landmark since 1902, when itwas erected as a general office for theInternational Nickel Company, Copper Cliff'stown hall has undergone extensive re-modelling.

Thus the seat of municipal affairs keepspace with the change of scene about it.Now opposite it are the lawns and flowerbeds of Nickel Park, but back in the earlydays it looked upon machine and carpentershops and, back of them, an unclaimedswampy area,

In the large upstairs quarters the CopperCliff library has a remarkably fine selectionof books. More than 400 new titles havebeen added to the previous stock, and nowthe shelves carry a satisfactory range forpeople of all ages and literary tastes. Thelibrary is open every evening except Sundayfrom 7.00 to 9.00 o'clock.

The Canadian factory started in verypromisingly, and worked to its capacity dur-ing the short period it was in operationbefore it met with a disastrous fire June2nd, 1936. The building was destroyedcompletely, also the finished stock of rangeboilers and water heaters. Most of themachinery and supplies were salvaged andhave been reconditioned. A new structuralsteel building with brick and tile walls andHaydite roof has been erected on the samesite. The new factory was completelyfinished and ready to start operation sixweeks after the fire.

The program for production at the Cana-dian factory is about the same as the intitialprogram for the Cambridge factory, or about400 units per month. The producing capacityof the factory may easily be increased to1,000 units per month and we hope we willbe shooting at this mark some day soon.

SAFE SAFETY PINSEven the safety pins for fastening the

fabric on the reels in a big New York dyeplant are made of Monel Metal to eliminateall danger of rust or verdigris stains.

Shipping Dept.

Here are the men who cooper, weigh.check, and load a car of refined nickelevery 20 minutes when schedules mustbe met at the Port Colborne plant.Efficient and proud of their efficiency,they use loading equipment devised bythe General Superintendent and hisassistants after their personal experi-ence loading nickel during the time theplant was closed down in 1932. Left toright: on locomotive running board, Ed.Noyes, Ed. Cooke and Gordon Noyes;front row, A. Weaver, L. Houser, C.Misener, D. Potkonjak, J. Rrajonovieh,E. Grace, A. Misener, J. Tkac, J. Lipov-sky, R. Barrow Jr., H. Hrokowskl andR. Barrow Sr. The Barrows are anotherof those succersful Port Colborne tat,ber-son combinations.