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8/7/2019 PRESIDENTS true

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PRESIDENTS BIOGRAPHY POLITICAL SITUATION ACHIEVEME

THEIR

1.Emilio Aguinaldo (March 22,1869 - February 6, 1964)

was a Filipino general, politician,

and independence leader.

Aguinaldo became the Philippines'

first President.

he was also the youngest (at age

29) to have become the country's

president, and the longest-lived

(having survived to age 94)

he was 29 years old when he

became Chief of State, first as

head of the dictatorship he

thought should be established

upon his return to Cavite in May

1898 from voluntary exile in

Hongkong, and then a month later

as President of the Revolutionary

Government that Apolinario Mabini

had persuaded him should instead

be instituted.

Aguinaldos presidential term

formally began in 1898 and ended

on April 1, 1901, when he took an

oath of allegiance to the United

States a week after his capture in

Palanan, Isabela.

His term also featured the setting

up of the Malolos Republic, which

has its own Congress, Constitution,

and national and local officialdom -

- proving Filipinos also had the

capacity to build.

he played an

during the Ph

against Sp

subsequent P

War that r

occupation.

Aguinaldo is

for the

Philippine Ind

12, 1898, in Ka


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2.Manuel L. Quezon (August

19, 1878 - August 1, 1944) served as president of

theCommonwealth of the

Philippines from 1935 to 1944 he was the first Filipino to

head a government of the

Philippines.

Quezn is considered by most

Filipinos to have been thesecondpresident of the

Philippines, after Emilio

Aguinaldo (18971901).

Quezn was the first Senate

president elected to the

presidency, the first president

elected through a national

election, and the first

incumbent to secure re-

election (for a partial second

term, later extended, due toamendments to the 1935

Constitution)

he is known as the "Father of

the National Language".

he returned to the Philippines

to become President of the

Philippine Senate, created bythe Jones Law

he was also top man of the

ruling Nacionalista Party.

during his presidency, Quezn

tackled the problem of

landless peasants in the

countryside

other major decisions includereorganization of the islands

military defense, approval of

recommendation for

government reorganization,

promotion of settlement and

development in Mindanao,

tackling foreign strangle-hold

on Philippine trade and

commerce, proposals for land

reform and the tackling of

graft and corruption withinthe government

Quezn esta

government in

outbreak of

threat of Jap

Quezons ter

though chiefly

Pilipino the

tried to solve

inherited fro

American adm

Represented

the Internat

Navigation in

Russia in 1908

After the Ja

fled to the Un

he governed

to the last day


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3. Jos P. Laurel (March 9,

1891 - November 5, 1959)

was the president of theRepublic

of the Philippines, a Japanese-

sponsored administration duringWorld War II, from 1943 to

1945.

he was born on March 9, 1891 in

the town of Tanauan, Batangas.

His parents were Sotero Laurel,

Sr. and Jacoba Garca

his father had been an official in

the revolutionary government

ofEmilio Aguinaldo and a

signatory to the 1898 Malolos

Constitution.

while a teen, Laurel

was indicted for

attemptedmurder when he almost

killed a rival suitor of his

girlfriend.

During Laurel's tenure as

President, hunger was the main

worry During his presidency, the

Philippines faced a crippling food

shortage which demanded much

of Laurel's attention.

Laurel also resisted in vain

Japanese demands that the

Philippines issue a formal

declaration of war against

the United States. There were

also reports during his presidency

of the Japanese military carrying

out rape and massacre towards

the Filipino population.

As the Nat

nominee for t

the Republic in 1949, h

defeated by

president, E

nominee of th


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4.Sergio Osmea (September

9, 1878 - October 19, 1961)

was born in Cebu on the island of

Cebu on Sept. 9, 1878

he entered the San Carlos

Seminary in Cebu in 1889 and

then earned his bachelor's

degree from San Juan de Letran

College

his schooling was interrupted by

the 1896 revolution and the

Filipino-American War

during the revolution he edited

the militantly nationalistic

periodical El Nuevo Dia

after the revolutionary struggles

he continued his studies until he

passed the bar examination on

Feb. 20, 1903.

was a notable figure in the

struggle for independence

A lawyer, he espoused the cause

of independence through peaceful

means as editor of the Cebu

newspaper El Nuevo Dia (New

Day), which he founded in 1900

Osmea went

the US to

Philippines' inmission was

coined from c

letters of th

The mission w

Philippines w

independence


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5.Manuel Roxas (January 1,

1892 - April 15, 1948)

he was popularly known as the

First President of the Third

Republic. he won the elections by a slim

margin. He was inaugurated on

July 4, 1946, the day the U.S.

government granted political

independence to its colony.

Roxas was born in Capiz (now

Roxas City), studied law at UP

and graduated with honors in

1913

he topped the Bar examinations

in the same year, was employed

as private secretary to Chief

Justice Cayetano Arellano, and

taught law in 1915-1916.

his political career started when

he was appointed as a member of

the Capiz municipal council. In1919, he was elected as governor

of Capiz

he was elected as congressman in

1922, and in 1935, he was chosen

as a delegate to the

Constitutional Convention

he was elected as a senator in

1941 and eventually became

Senate president.

the sho

administratio

embarked oresulted i

considered

achievements

ratification

Act; the incl

Amendment

and the sig

Military Base


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6.Elpidio Quirino (November

16, 1890 - February 28,

1956)

was born in Vigan, Ilocos Sur,

finished law studies at UP in 1915,

and hurdled the Bar examinationsin the same year

his political career started with

his election as a representative of

Ilocos Sur in 1919, then as asenator in 1925, and again

reelected in 1931. President

Quezon appointed him as

secretary of finance and then

secretary of the interior in the

Commonwealth Government

The Quirino

(1948 - 1953

objectives: 1and confid

government; a

peace and ord

he was more

second object

back of

Movement in C

in addition,

with sponsori

industrial ven

irrigation, im

system, and

Central Bank a

it was also duthe RP-US

Treaty was ap

30, 1951.


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7.Ramon Magsaysay (August

31, 1907 - March 17, 1957)

popularly known as the guy,

Magsaysay was born in Iba,

Zambales he took up mechanical engineering

at UP but ended up with a

commerce degree from Jose Rizal

College

he took a job as a mechanic in the

bus company Try-Tran and rose

to become its branch manager.

He attained fame as an able

guerilla leader in World War II

and was subsequently named by

MacArthur as military governor

of Zambales during the

liberation.

he was elected twice as a

congressman after the war

was decisively elected presidentover the incumbent Elpidio

Quirino

as president, he was a close

friend and supporter of

the United States and a vocal

spokesman

against communism during

the Cold War

he was instr

the U.S. Cong

Bill of Rightbenefits to

veterans

he toured th

up Malacana

solicited and

complaints, b

and roads.

pass the Ag

Act of 1954,

protection to


8/14

8.Carlos P. Garcia (November

4, 1896 - June 1, 1971)

was a Filipino teacher, poet,

orator, lawyer, public official, and

guerrilla leader

he became the eighth President

of the Philippines known for his

"Filipino First" policy, which put

the interests of the Filipino

people above those of foreigners

and of the ruling party.

was born in Talibon, Bohol toPolicronio Garca and Ambrosia

Polestico (who were both natives

of Bangued, Abra).

he pursued his college education

at Silliman

University inDumagueteCity, Negros Oriental, and later

studied at the Philippine Law

School (now Philippine College of

Criminology) where he earned his

law degree in 1923

he was among the top ten in thebar examination

he became famous for his poetry

in Bohol, where he earned the

nickname "Prince

of Visayan Poets" and the "Bard

from Bohol"

he started his political career in

1925, scoring an impressive

victory running for congressmanrepresenting the third district

of Bohol

he was elected for another

term, but served only until 1941

when he successfully ran for

earth and died by shooting him

in his face and did nothing as a

house keeper

President G

achievement

strengtheninthe country

he was fair-

human right

vindictive in

his political e

his other a

the adoption

First Policy"

Filipino cu

creation of

Centennial

preparation

Rizal Centen

19, 1971.


9/14

9.Diosdado Macapagal

(September 28, 1910 -

November 14, 1961)

Mapacagal who styled himself as

the poor boy from Lubao

(Pampanga) completed pre-law andAssociate in Arts at UP; however, he

was a law graduate of the University

of Santo Tomas

he was the topnotcher of the Bar

examinations in 1935

he then entered into a private law

practice, teaching law at the side. In

1946, he was appointed Chief of the

Legal Division of the Department of

Foreign Affairs and was eventually

sent to the Philippine Embassy in

Washington as Second Secretary.

in 1949, he was elected as the

congressman of the first district

of Pampanga and reelected in 1953 in 1958, he was elected as Vice

President of the Philippines.

Macapagals administration (1961 -

1965) is best remembered for

resetting the date of the

celebration of Philippine

Independence Day from July 4

when the U.S. turned over the reins

of government in 1946 to the more

correct date of June 12 when

Aguinaldo declared independence in

1898

his achievem

spreading of the

by using it in diplpassports, stamp

giving tycoons

Filipino names, a

the Philippine I

from July 4 to

the Philippine cl

June 22, 1962

MAPILINDO,

between Malays

and Indonesia

he was resp

Agricultural La

(R.A. No. 3844) s

1963


10/14

10.Ferdinand Marcos(September 11, 1917 -

September 28, 1989)

was born on September 11, 1917 in

Sarrat, Ilocos Norte to Don

Mariano Marcos and Josefa Edralin He was a consistent scholar, took

up Law at UP, and graduated cum

laude in 1939

he was a member of the House of

Representatives and the Philippine

Senate and claimed to be a

decorated guerrilla leader during

the war.

his first term saw a number of

socio-economic development

programs aimed at improving thenational economy and raised the

livelihood standards of the

Filipinos

he won his second term on

November 11, 1969 but was

rocked by violent student

demonstrations.

a break down in peace and order,

a deteriorating economy, graft

and corruption, and communists

and subversive elements grew in

number during these period

alarmed, he

country und

which evendisciplined so

political enem

killed and

military and

rampant

the assassina

Benigno Aquin

21, 1983 was

for the end

dictatorship

he won again a

controversial

1986 against

Corazon Aquin the greatest

the Marcos p

the field o

development

diplomacy.


11/14

11.Corazon Aquino (January25, 1933)

no one could have imagined that

Cory Aquino would become a

president of the Philippines. although she was born to the

landed class in Tarlac, her

background was so disparate from

the patterns that cut presidential

figures. In 1946, her family left for

the U.S. and she enrolled at

Ravenhill Academy in Philadelphia

she finished her junior and

senior years at Notre Dame College

in New York. In 1949, she entered

Mount Saint Vincent College also in

New York where she finished a

Bachelor of Arts course, major in

French in 1953, she returned to the

Philippines to take up law at the Far

Eastern University.

but, the following year, she met

and married Benigno Ninoy Aquino

she is associated with the

EDSA Revolt.

her presidency saw

unsuccessful coups instigated by

disgruntled military officers

she declared her candidacy for

president against President Marcos

in the 1986 elections

she sat as president under the

Freedom Constitution, a temporary

measure until a new constitution

could be written. In 1987, a new

constitution was approved

her greate

Filipinos was t

democracy. Presidential

supported Ramo


12/14

12. Fidel V. Ramos (March18, 1928).

he was the military hero of the

February 1986 Philippine People

Power Revolution and victor of thefirst multiparty presidential

elections in 1992, thus becoming the

12th President of the Republic of

the Philippines.

Ramos was born on March 18,

1928, and grew up in Lingayen,

Pangasinan. His father - Narciso

Ramos - was a lawyer, a crusading

journalist, a five-term legislator of

the House of Representatives, and

later, secretary of foreign affairs.

A soldier by profession and a

hero in the Korean and Vietnam

Wars, Ramos rose to the militaryhierarchy being a distant cousin of

President Ferdinand Marcos. He was

the Chief of the Philippine

Constabulary during Martial Law.

Ramos administration has

anchored its governance on the

philosophy of PeopleEmpowerment as the engine to

operationalize economic growth,

social equity, and national

solidarity

it is focusing on a five-point

program: peace and stability;

economic growth and sustainable

development; energy and power

generation; environmental

protection; and a streamline

democracy.

six-year term of Ramos (1992 -

1998) is looked upon with much

hope and optimism not onlybecause of his clear vision of the

future but also because of his

hands-on leadership style in

meeting the challenges faced by

the country.

his preside

of political and e

it accomplisolution of the

Mindanao and ne

NPA.

there were

and the countr

newest economic


13/14

13.Joseph Estrada (April 19,1937)

Joseph Marcelo Ejercito

Estrada was born on April 19,

1937, in Tondo, Manila. Hisparents, Engr. Emilio Ejercito

and Maria Marcelo, moved to

San Juan where he grew up and

where he continues to reside to

this day. His primary education

was obtained at the Jesuit-run

Ateneo de Manila University

he later took up an Engineering

course at the Mapua Institute

of Technology.

is the first president to be a

celebrity. He is also the first

moustached president. Estrada is

married to (the former Doctorand first lady-turned-senator)

Estrada presidency was

accused of plunder and corruption.

After his impeachment trial in theSenate was aborted, anti-Estrada

protesters gathered at EDSA and

rose in numbers in days that

followed. On January 20, 2001,

the Supreme Court declared the

seat of the presidency vacant

he assum

the Asian F

with agricuto poor w

thereby sl

growth to -

a 5.2% in 19

the econo

3.4% in 199

in 2000 he

out-war"

Islamic Lib

captured

and other c


14/14

14. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo(April 5, 1947)

was in San Juan to Philippine

President Diosdado Macapagal and

Evangelina Macaraeg she was a professor of

economics and became assistant

secretary and undersecretary of

the Department of Trade and

Industry during President

Aquino's term

she served as senator and was

cabinet secretary and vice

president under President

Estrada.

she was sworn in as president

on January 20, 2001 after

President Estrada's removal fromoffice by the Second Edsa

Revolution. She was elected to a

full six year term and took her

oath of office on June 30, 2004.

Arroyo's presidency was

continuously harassed by questions

of legitimacy, graft and corruption

scandals, impeachment threats,

military adventurisms by rebel

soldiers, peace and order

problems, the CPP-NPA communist

insurgency, the Abu Sayyaf terror

threat and the economic crisis

that hounded the country inspite of it all, the Arroyo

presidency has shown a strong

leadership by weathering the

storm in all issues.

in the 2009

Powerful Wom

was ranked apowerful wom

President G

Arroyo steppe

presidency aft

on June 30, 20

during the

elections, sh

Congressional s

district of P

proclaimed win

victory on May

presidents true

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