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Evolution Evolution

Luis Arenas Herrera Luis Arenas Herrera

IntroductionIntroduction

What is evolution?What is evolution?

Alfred Russell WallaceAlfred Russell Wallace

Charles DarwinCharles Darwin

Jean Baptiste LeMarckJean Baptiste LeMarck

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

Evidence of EvolutionEvidence of Evolution

Primate EvolutionPrimate Evolution

What is evolution?What is evolution?

Evolution is when you change heritable Evolution is when you change heritable characteristics, or traits overtime.characteristics, or traits overtime.

History of evolution History of evolution

People thought that species where not linked People thought that species where not linked in a single family treein a single family tree

People thought that god created everything.People thought that god created everything.

Species change in order to survive. Species change in order to survive.


Charles Darwin was a naturalist Charles Darwin was a naturalist

He took a trip on the HMS Beagle to He took a trip on the HMS Beagle to the Galapagos islands the Galapagos islands

Mainly studied finches and turtlesMainly studied finches and turtles

By studying these creatures he came By studying these creatures he came up with the idea of natural selectionup with the idea of natural selection

He wrote a book He wrote a book The Origin of The Origin of SpeciesSpecies

His Examples His Examples

Darwin identified 13 species of finches Darwin identified 13 species of finches

He noticed that each of the finches were He noticed that each of the finches were different different

They were all different from the size and shape They were all different from the size and shape of the beakof the beak

He noticed that the diet was different based on He noticed that the diet was different based on the beak.the beak.

ExamplesExamplesExample: big beaks were good for cracking Example: big beaks were good for cracking nutsnutsLong and slender beaks can be used to eat out Long and slender beaks can be used to eat out of flowersof flowersShort and wide beaks are for eating insectsShort and wide beaks are for eating insectsShort and stubby beaks are great for seeds Short and stubby beaks are great for seeds

Examples Examples

He discovered that each of the finches beaks He discovered that each of the finches beaks were different because the environment was were different because the environment was shifting. shifting.

Natural selection was revealedNatural selection was revealed


The Origin of SpeciesThe Origin of Species

He studyHe study Finches, turtles and iguanas at the Finches, turtles and iguanas at the

Galapagos islandsGalapagos islands

He came up with natural selectionnatural selection

Charles Darwin is the Charles Darwin is the father of evolution father of evolution

He took a trip He took a trip on the HMS.on the HMS.

Alfred Wallace ConvincedAlfred Wallace Convinced Charles DarwinCharles Darwin

to bring out his book called to bring out his book called ““The Origin of Species”.The Origin of Species”.

Jean Baptiste LaMarck Jean Baptiste LaMarck He was born on August 1, 1744 in Bazentin-He was born on August 1, 1744 in Bazentin-le-Petit le-Petit

He was a French soldier, naturalist, academic He was a French soldier, naturalist, academic and an early proponent of the idea that and an early proponent of the idea that evolution occurred.evolution occurred.

He died on December, 18, 1829.He died on December, 18, 1829.

His theory was wrong.His theory was wrong.

Alfred WallaceAlfred WallaceAlfred Russell Wallace was born on Alfred Russell Wallace was born on January, 8, 1823 in Monmouthshire, January, 8, 1823 in Monmouthshire, Wales. Wales.

He was a was a British naturalist, He was a was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist. biologist.

He also convinced Charles Darwin to He also convinced Charles Darwin to bring out his book called “The Origin of bring out his book called “The Origin of Species”.Species”.

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

Natural selectionNatural selectionNatural selection: when an animal adapts to his Natural selection: when an animal adapts to his environment in order to reproduce and pass on the environment in order to reproduce and pass on the genes.genes.

Natural selection relates to evolutionNatural selection relates to evolution

MutationMutation

Mutation is when the DNA is damage. Mutation is when the DNA is damage.

Mutation- one animal is bigger then the rest of Mutation- one animal is bigger then the rest of it group.it group.

Mutation is related to genetic diversity because Mutation is related to genetic diversity because a mutation can be passed down as a trait or a mutation can be passed down as a trait or gene of the parent. gene of the parent.

VariationVariation

Variations is in all of the population of living Variations is in all of the population of living things. For example fish are the same spice but things. For example fish are the same spice but they look different on sizes and colors.they look different on sizes and colors.

One spice can survive because of the color and One spice can survive because of the color and pass on the genes pass on the genes

The other one could go extinct. The other one could go extinct.

PopulationPopulation

Population- the changes in a population Population- the changes in a population depend on the species attraction to one depend on the species attraction to one another. another.

Population can change because of genetic Population can change because of genetic diversity. It can change because an animal can diversity. It can change because an animal can mate with a different animal and create a new mate with a different animal and create a new species. species.

AdaptationAdaptation

Adaptation- a change in the structure that Adaptation- a change in the structure that helps an organism to survive better.helps an organism to survive better.

FossilsFossils

Fossils: Are a trace of Fossils: Are a trace of an organism from a past an organism from a past age that are skeleton or age that are skeleton or leaf imprint and leaf imprint and conserved in the earth conserved in the earth crust. crust.

Fossils help scientist see Fossils help scientist see the skeleton of species the skeleton of species to tell if species have to tell if species have change by a period of change by a period of time. time.

EmbryologyEmbryology

Embryology: is the Embryology: is the study of the creation of study of the creation of life. life.

Helps scientist to learn Helps scientist to learn how spices are made how spices are made and how they are crated and how they are crated in terms of evolution. in terms of evolution.

Geographic evidenceGeographic evidence

Geographic evidence: Geographic evidence: Evidence of fossils and Evidence of fossils and other different extinct other different extinct animals or living forms.animals or living forms.

That helps scientist to see That helps scientist to see how the animals looked how the animals looked long time ago. long time ago.

Vestigial structuresVestigial structures

Vestigial structures: Is an Vestigial structures: Is an extra organ or a limb that is extra organ or a limb that is no longer use but in a time no longer use but in a time it was used by ancestors. it was used by ancestors.

The whale has an extra The whale has an extra bone that is no longer use bone that is no longer use but is was used by but is was used by ancestors. ancestors.

DNA EvidenceDNA Evidence

DNA is related to other species because of DNA is related to other species because of their ancestorstheir ancestors

An example of this is humans and the An example of this is humans and the chimpanzees have 98% of the same DNA. chimpanzees have 98% of the same DNA.

Homologous structuresHomologous structures

Homologous Homologous structures: are body structures: are body parts in many parts in many different organisms different organisms that have similar that have similar bones and similar bones and similar muscles.muscles.

This helps scientists This helps scientists to know that we have to know that we have something in common something in common with other creatures. with other creatures.

Mimicry Mimicry

Is when an animal Is when an animal looks like another looks like another animal like for animal like for example a moth example a moth that looks like a that looks like a leaf so it could leaf so it could survive and pass on survive and pass on the genes. the genes.


Fossils are a evidence because they let us compare

and contrast the species from the

past and form the species

that exist now.

Vestigial structuresVestigial structures tell us how animas tell us how animas

have change and that have change and that they have extra organs they have extra organs

that don’t use them that don’t use them any more. any more.

Homologous structuresHomologous structures tell that all of us came tell that all of us came from a same creature. from a same creature.

Geographic evidenceGeographic evidence

EmbryologyEmbryologyDNA EvidenceDNA Evidence

MimicryMimicry

What makes a PrimateWhat makes a Primate

Fingers and toes.Fingers and toes.Hands and feet that are adapted for Hands and feet that are adapted for grasping grasping Eyes on front of the face with a very good Eyes on front of the face with a very good vision in order to see things from a long vision in order to see things from a long distance. distance. Their face look more like the face of a Their face look more like the face of a humanhuman

living primates and where are they living primates and where are they distributeddistributed

Most primates live in the tropical forest.Most primates live in the tropical forest.

The smallest primates is the pygmy marmoset and it The smallest primates is the pygmy marmoset and it weights around 70g.weights around 70g.

The largest primate is the gorilla and he weights The largest primate is the gorilla and he weights about 175kg about 175kg

There are about 233 living species of primates which There are about 233 living species of primates which are placed in 13 families on different places. are placed in 13 families on different places.

History of primate evolutionHistory of primate evolution

According to Drawing research primates mostly According to Drawing research primates mostly apes look a lot like us. apes look a lot like us. Primates evolved over time into us.Primates evolved over time into us.Different primate look like a human fossils like Different primate look like a human fossils like Hominids Lucy a fossil found and that came up the Hominids Lucy a fossil found and that came up the theory of primate evolution. theory of primate evolution. In 1859 Darwin published The Origin of the In 1859 Darwin published The Origin of the Species which become the source of the present Species which become the source of the present day of theory of evolution.day of theory of evolution.

Homo Sapiens Homo Sapiens

The word wise in the context of human The word wise in the context of human evolution, refers to the word “sapiens” evolution, refers to the word “sapiens”

The word homo means human in Latin. The word homo means human in Latin.

The word human in the background of human The word human in the background of human evolution, refers to the word evolution, refers to the word homohomo. .

This was chosen by a man named Carolus This was chosen by a man named Carolus Linnaeus.Linnaeus.

Genus HOMOGenus HOMOGenus HOMO: Is a Genus HOMO: Is a group that includes group that includes humans and other humans and other closely related spices.closely related spices.

Chims and gorillas were figthing for a part of the HOMO genus, but after seeing so many differences they were not.


PrimatesPrimates

Prosimians Anthropoids

Lemurs Lorises Galagos Pottos TarsiersOld World Monkeys

New WorldMonkeys

Apes

RingTailed

Lemur

Slender Loris

LesserBush baby

Potto Tarsier

Aye-aye Slow LorisBrown

Bush baby

Sifaka Pygmy

Slow Loris

Gibbon

Macaque

Colobus Monkey

SpiderMonkey

MarmosetLesserApes

Greater Apes

Chimpanzee

Siamang TamarinBaboon

Gorilla

Human

Orangutan

Work sitedWork sited

http://search.live.com/images/results.aspx?http://search.live.com/images/results.aspx?q=darwins+finches&mkt=en-q=darwins+finches&mkt=en-us&scope=&FORM=LIVSOP#focal=d3703950d1297a6734aaus&scope=&FORM=LIVSOP#focal=d3703950d1297a6734aaf0fbe22e4311&furl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.ukf0fbe22e4311&furl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fschools%2Fgcsebitesize%2Fimg%2Fbifinches.jpg%2Fschools%2Fgcsebitesize%2Fimg%2Fbifinches.jpg((http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/dept/d10/asb/anthro2003/http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/dept/d10/asb/anthro2003/origins/hominid_journey/earlyasian/Larick2.gif) origins/hominid_journey/earlyasian/Larick2.gif) http://search.live.com/images/results.aspx?q=darwinhttp://search.live.com/images/results.aspx?q=darwin%20finches&FORM=BIRE#focal=aec68bcfa86b32e6c31f84c%20finches&FORM=BIRE#focal=aec68bcfa86b32e6c31f84cdff3e13c1&furl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.d113.lake.k12.il.usdff3e13c1&furl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.d113.lake.k12.il.us%2Fhphs%2Fcurriculum%2Fsenese%2Fdocs%2Fimages%2Fhphs%2Fcurriculum%2Fsenese%2Fdocs%2Fimages%2Fmk_darwin_finches.jpg%2Fmk_darwin_finches.jpgWWW.google.com WWW.google.com en.wikipedia.orgen.wikipedia.org

The EndThe End

presentation2

Education

evidence of evolution

species of finches

evidence of fossils

charles darwin charles

skeleton of species

new species

species attraction

dna evidence dna