presentation to n p t i o il & gas source nov 03 1
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
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Sources of Oil & Gas
by
Rohit Verma,NPTI,Faridabad, India
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RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC FOR POWER SECTOR
• Alternate fuels for thermal power generation:– Solid Fuels: Coal – Liquid Fuels: Crude Oil, Naphtha,
Fuel Oil– Gaseous Fuels: NG or LNG
(Bio-gas insignificant)
• With new indigenous gas finds and growing LNG infrastructure, Gas is expected to emerge as a competing fuel
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Power Generation Tariff from Competing Fuels
2.73.2
0.5 (Pithead)1.0 (1000 kms)
2.2Domestic Coal (Grassroots Plants)
0.91.4
0.5 (Pithead)1.0 (1000 kms)
0.40Domestic Coal (Old Plants)
4.23.01.2Naphtha
2.81.61.2LNG
2.81.61.2Deregulated Domestic NG (New CCGT)
2.21.01.2Subsidised Domestic NG (New CCGT)
1.41.00.4Subsidised Domestic NG (Old CCGT)
Total, Rs/kWh
Variable, Rs/kWh
Fixed, Rs/kWh
Fuel Type
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Primary Energy
• Coal
• Petroleum Oil
• Natural Gas
• Nuclear Energy
• Hydel and Other Renewable
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Energy Units and Conversion
One tonne of oil equivalent
equals approximately :
Heat Units - 10 million k-cal
Solid Fuels - 1.5 tonnes of hard coal
- 3 tonnes of lignite
Natural Gas - 1111 Cu. M
Electricity - 12 Mwh
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World Energy Consumption Past Trend
01000
20003000
400050006000
70008000
900010000
1970 1980 1990 2000 2002Year
mtoemtoe
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Energy Consumption in IndiaPast Trend
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1990 1993 1997 2000Year
mtoemtoe
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Indian Energy Scene
Per capita energy consumption in India is 294 kg of oil equivalent as against world average of 1500 kg in 2000
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World Energy Mix-2000
Natural Gas24.3%
Nuclear6.5%
Hydro-electric+other
8.0%
Coal25.5%
Oil37.5%
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Primary Energy Consumption Trend
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Primary Energy Regional Consumption Pattern 2000
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World Oil Reserves
R/P Ratio:39.9 years
Total Reserves:1046.4 thousandmillion barrels
1 barrel= 0.136 MT
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World Oil Reserves-Trends
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World Oil Production
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World Oil R/P Ratio
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World Oil Consumption
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Per Capita Oil Consumption
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Major Petroleum Products & Uses
LPG : Domestic Gas / Auto Fuel
Naphtha : Fertilizer/Petrochemical/Power
Gasoline : Auto Fuel
ATF/
Kerosene : Jet Fuel/Domestic
Diesel : Auto Fuel/Power
Fuel Oil : Fertilizer/Power/Other Industries
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Oil Consumption Mix
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Oil Consumption Mix-(Cont..)
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World Oil Trade
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World Natural Gas Reserves
R/P ratio: 61 years
Total Reserves :150.19TCM
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World Natural Gas Reserve-Trends
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World Natural Gas Production
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Natural Gas -R/P Ratio
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Natural Gas Consumption
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Natural Gas Per Capita Consumption
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Natural Gas Trade
• Cross Border Pipeline
• Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
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LNG
• Natural gas liquefied at (-) 160 0 C at atmospheric pressure
• Facilitate transportation in Cryogenic Tankers across sea
• LNG volume is 1/600 of Natural Gas• LNG to be regasified in receiving terminal• 1 MMT of LNG ~ 4 MMSCMD of NG• 1 MMTPA of LNG can sustain a power
plant of 1000 MW
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Natural Gas Trade Movements
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Natural Gas Price
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 LNG
NG(EU)
NG(UK)
NG(US)
CrudeOil
USD/million btu
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World Energy Mix - Forecast 2020
39%
28%
20%
5% 8%
Oil NG Coal Nuclear Others
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World Energy Consumption by Energy Source, 1970-2025
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World Energy Forecast
• Natural Gas is expected to be the fastest growing component
• Consumption of Natural gas will nearly double from 84 tcf in 1999 to 162 tcf in 2020
• Growth in Natural Gas consumption will be @3.2% globally
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World Energy Forecast
• Growth in Natural Gas Consumption in
developing countries will be higher
than industrialized countries
• Natural gas consumption for electricity
generation will be more rapid than
other fuel
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World Energy Forecast
Consumption growth per year of various fuel
for power generation in Industrialized
countries
Natural Gas 4%
Oil - 0.1%
Coal 0.9 %
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World Energy Forecast
%Share on Natural Gas in Power Generation
1999 2020
Industrialised
Countries 14 24
Developing
Countries 13 21
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World Energy Forecast
Reasons for increased share of NG for Power Generation
• Cleaner Fuel• Higher Efficiency• Fuel Diversification• Energy Security• Growth in Natural gas trade• Competitive Price
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Indian Energy Scene
Oil& Gas
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NPTI/MBA 40
Energy Structure in Power Generation-2005(%)
1 10
56
25
3 5Natural Gas
Oil
Coal
Hydro
Nuclear Pow er
Renew able
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Energy Security rests on two principals. The first, to use the least amount of energy to provide services and cut down energy losses. The second to all secure access to all sources of energy including coal, oil and gas supplies worldwide, till the end of the fossil fuel era which is fast approaching. Simultaneously we should access technologies to provide a diverse supply of reliable, affordable and envirnmentally sustainable energy.
Dr. A. P. J. Kalam
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Energy Mix In India -2000
Natural Gas7.6%
Nuclear1.4%
Hydro-electric+other
8.0%
Coal55.5%
Oil33.2%
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Crude Oil Production in India
0.25 0.39
10.51
33.02 35.1731.95 32.46 33.04
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1948 1956 1980 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002
MM
T
Year
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Crude Oil Consumption in India
0.25 4.8
25.84
51.77 58.74
85.96
103.44107.27 112.56
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
19
48
19
57
19
80
19
90
19
95
19
99
-00
20
01
-0-0
1
20
01
-02
20
02
-03
MM
T
Year
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Demand & Domestic Availability of Crude Oil
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Production
DemandMM
T
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Self Reliance in Crude Oil Availability
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7019
89-9
0
1991
-92
1993
-94
1995
-96
1997
-98
1999
-00
2001
-02
%S
elf
Rel
ian
ce
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Natural Gas Reserves in India
63.1562.4887.67
184.88
351.91
692 675 648760 763 751
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1966 1970 1975 1976 1980 97-98
98-99
99-00
00-01
2001-02
2002-03
BC
M
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Natural Gas Production Profile
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1970
-71
1975
-76
1980
-81
1985
-86
1990
-91
1995
-96
2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
YEAR
BC
M
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Gas Pipeline Infrastructure in India
Total Pipeline Length :4014 KmH-B-J : 2688 Km
H-B-J
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India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025
• Hon’ble Prime Minister of India announced in Petrotech,1999 setting up a Group for working out a specific framework for developing “India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025”
• The Group chaired by Hon’ble Union Minister of Finance has since prepared the document which lays down the framework which would guide the policies relating to the Hydrocarbon sector for the next 25 years
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India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025
Focus• Energy Security• Use of Alternative Fuel• Optimal and sustainable mix of energy
sources• Adequate quantity of economically
priced clean and green fuel
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India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025
25%
20%50%
2% 3%
Oil NG Coal Hydel Nuclear
Primary Energy Mix in 2025
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India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2001-02 2006-07 2011-12 2024-25
Power Fertilizer Others
Natural Gas Consumption Pattern
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India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025
Natural Gas Supply/Demand
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2002 2007 2012 2025
Gap
Supply
Dem
and
MM
SC
MD
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India Hydrocarbon Vision 2025
Petroleum Products Supply/Demand(MMT)Year Demand Estd. Refning Estd. Crude
Capacity Requirement
2006-07 148 167 173
2011-12 195 184 190
2024-25 368 358 364
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Sourcing Option for LNG/NG in India
Iran
Myanmar offshore
M.E
SEA, Australia,PNG
NG PPL
LNG
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Coal Bed Methane
Gondwana Coal
Eastern Raniganj W.B 1.50 TCF
Bokaro Jharkhand 1.59 ,,
Near Karanpura ,, 2.18 ,,
Eastern Sohagpur MP 1.73 ,,
Weatern Sohagpur ,, 1.00 ,,
Satpura ,, 1.00 ,,
Tertiary Lignite
North Berner Rajsathan 0.0178 ,,
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Thank You