XYLOMETAZOLINE (NASAL DECONGESTANT

OBUMNEKE AMADI-NWADA

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2040

4/5/2015

XYLOMETAZOLINE (NASAL DECONGESTANT) NAME BRANDS

(Amazon.com,2015)

INTRODUCTION

• XYLOMETAZOLINE IS A TOPICAL NASAL DECONGESTANT, USED FOR TREATING NASAL CONGESTION AND MINOR INFLAMMATION DUE TO ALLERGIES OR COLDS

• IT IS APPLIED DIRECTLY INTO THE NOSE, EITHER AS A SPRAY OR AS DROPS

• THE PRODUCT IS MARKETED UNDER OTHER BRAND NAMES

• IS ALSO KNOWN AS XYLOMETHAZOLINE)

• CAN LASTS FOR UP TO 10 HOURS

(NET DOCTOR, 2014).

NASAL CONGESTION DIAGRAM

(Google, n.d)

DRUG COMPOSITION

• XYLOMETAZOLINE HAS TWO COMPOSITIONS: XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE IP 0.1%W/V, BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE IP 0.01%W/V (AS PRESERVATIVE), AN AQUEOUS ISOTONIC SOLUTION USING PURIFIED WATER IP Q.SADULTS

• CHILDREN :XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE IP 0.05 % W/V, BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE IP 0.01% W/V (AS PRESERVATIVE), AN AQUEOUS ISOTONIC SOLUTION USING IP Q.S PURIFIED WATER.

(PUBCHEM, 2005)

(PubChem, 2005)

ORGANIC COMPOSITION OF MOLECULE AND STRUCTURE

• CHEMICAL NAMES: XYLOMETAZOLINE; XYLOMETHAZOLINE; OTRIVEN; OTRIVIN; OTRIVINE; OTRIX;

• MOLECULAR FORMULA: C16H24N2• MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 244.37516 G/MOL• MOLECULE STRUCTURE:(PUBCHEM, 2005)

MOLECULE STRUCTURE:

MECHANISM OF ACTION

• ACTING ON ALPHA RECEPTORS: IN THE WALLS OF THE BLADDER VESSEL IN THE LININGS OF THE NASAL PASSAGES AND SINUSES

• VASOCONSTRICTION: THE ACTION CAUSES THESE BLOOD VESSELS TO CONTRACT AND NARROW, THEREBY DECREASING BLOOD FLOW INTO THE LININGS OF THE NOSE AND SINUSES

• BINDS TO ALPHA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS IN THE NASAL MUCOSA(PUBCHEM, 2005).

MECHANISM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF XYLOMETAZOLINE

• XYLOMETAZOLINE IS AN IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE, HOWEVER, IT IS DESIGNED TO IMITATE THE MOLECULAR SHAPE OF ADRENALINE.

• (PUBCHEM, 2005).

MECHANISM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF XYLOMETAZOLINE REACTION

PROS AND CONS

PROS: • USED FOR TREATMENTS: NASAL CONGESTION, COMMON COLD, SINUSITIS, NASAL ALLERGIES. • CLEARS STUFFY, BLOCKED UP NOSE AND SINUSES DUE TO COLDS AND ALLERGIES E.G. HAY

FEVER. CONS:• THE SIDE EFFECTS INCLUDE, IRRITATION OF THE NOSE AND DRYNESS INSIDE THE NOSE.• LONGER USE FOR 3 TO 5 DAYS COULD CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE NASAL TISSUE AND LEAD TO

CHRONIC CONGESTION• (ENHANCEDWIKI, N.D)

USES AND APPLICATION

APPLICATION:• ONE SPRAY USED FOR EACH NOSTRIL ONE TO THREE TIMES A DAY. • CAN BE USED FOR UP TO A WEEK.STORAGE CONDITION: PRODUCT IS KEPT OUT OF THE REACH • SIGHT OF CHILDREN, AND SHOULD BE STORED IN A COOL, DRY PLACE, AWAY FROM DIRECT HEAT AND LIGHT.PRECAUTIONS: THE PRODUCT SHOULD NOT BE USED IF YOU ARE BREAST-FEEDING, HAVE DIABETES, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, HAVE EVER HAD AN ALLERGIC REACTION TO THIS OR TO ANY OTHER MEDICINE.• (ENHANCEDWIKI, N.D)

CONCLUSION

• XYLOMETAZOLINE NASAL DECONGESTANT IS HELPS TO GIVE RELIEF FROM NASAL CONGESTION, IT HAS MILD SIDE EFFECTS AND CAN BE EASY OBTAINED AND APPLIED.

REFERENCESAmazon.com(2015).Sudafed Nasal Spray, Retrieved from ,http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31QsXr5Su3L._AC_AA100_.jpg

enhancedwiki (n.d).xylometazoline. Retrieved from

http://enhancedwiki.altervista.org/en.wikipedia.php?title=xylometazoline

Google(n.d).Images for nasal congestion. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/search?q=nasal+congestion

net doctor (2014). otrivine adult nasal spray (xylometazoline). Retrieved from

http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/ear-nose-and-throat/medicines/otrivine-adult-nasal-spray.html

pubchem (2005). xylometazoline. Retrieved from

http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid5709

wikipedia.org (2015). xylometazoline. Retrieved from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/xylometazoline