presentation copenhagen city on alternative drivelines and ... · presentation – copenhagen city...

Presentation – Copenhagen City on

alternative drivelines and fuels and

procurement strategy towards 2025…

David Marc Gurewitsch Fleet Development

COPENHAGEN CITY

The Technical- & Environmental Administration City Operations

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjE97in1tzOAhUnQJoKHcFwBmwQjRwIBw&url=http://www.armac.com.br/equipamentos/escavadeira-volvo-ec220d/&psig=AFQjCNF5sRU6oV1zsH8FSzfYfe9CLk52Hw&ust=1472218186959825

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwji8rrLuNzOAhWFZpoKHXsuA8gQjRwIBw&url=http://exhibitors.ifat.de/nc/en/exhibitors-products/exhibitors/exhibitors-details-link/action/detail/controller/Exhibitors/knr/1-5J2QRN/&psig=AFQjCNHffO59kA6jO7PLPoBFbhl2QYbAhg&ust=1472210200320363

https://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiK0cOZvNzOAhUjOJoKHRplAbsQjRwIBw&url=https://www.bristolstreet.co.uk/new-car/210993/nissan-e-nv200-acenta-rapid-plus-flex-5dr-auto-7-seat-electric-estate/&bvm=bv.130731782,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNEDilnteFgP-f9OgF1J8GHONishuA&ust=1472211185817759

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjuveXpvevOAhWCHpoKHehdB5QQjRwIBw&url=http://www.wallpaperup.com/834481/2015_Scania_P320_4A.html&bvm=bv.131286987,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNFB4chWJUQq1rkY-36AmEx4jkUcBQ&ust=1472726964804154

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi-s7iI1dzOAhVLCpoKHZZhAHIQjRwIBw&url=http://www.abomar.com/products/tractors/john-deere-5045-d-4wd&bvm=bv.130731782,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNHxU5n9M0mgNrghY9K4CAUxlQPd6Q&ust=1472217837901720

Inner outer pressure…

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwifncKVpMrLAhXqCpoKHblyAp4QjRwIBw&url=http://www.slideshare.net/halloliver/cph-2025-climate-plan&psig=AFQjCNExtTKuY35YlhvdLwuErmJIqvKMEg&ust=1458392120407824

Focus for the transition

NOX + +

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCPPpkv6usMgCFUJaLAodeCQJ5g&url=http://www.affordablecarleasing.co.uk/new-cars/nissan-e-nv200-combi-estate-tekna-rapid-plus-5dr-auto-7-seat&bvm=bv.104615367,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNHzbhXmly6TfqB3RN9_tWP9_RduLw&ust=1444307530826594

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCL6cvZKvsMgCFctZLAodbK8Glw&url=http://www.pon-cat.com/equipment/dk/produkter/produkter&bvm=bv.104615367,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNGrttfmO_IRRV6n8ys0HVT5nUtxMg&ust=1444307557910564

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCPqG-LqvsMgCFUkLLAodwVQHWg&url=http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photography-white-dump-truck-image26953352&bvm=bv.104615367,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNHWANdAJ5Al7BK3S0QB5wXNwBE5tg&ust=1444307597778242

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJubyu-vsMgCFUxbLAodctUKBQ&url=http://www.toy-models.dk/?id=35251&p2232id=21888&w=2232&bvm=bv.104615367,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNEn3e08brmfJW0sjiDrWEHNQwcIGg&ust=1444307766772456

https://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCKrwrsqxsMgCFcEGLAodHXgBSw&url=https://www.kellfri.dk/skovvogn-6-ton-med-kran-4-7-m&psig=AFQjCNFdfeiyNfGFW3ALo7EW_ZjnypopnA&ust=1444308162061768

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM-Ui_yxsMgCFYGJLAodjDELzA&url=http://www.hakoaustralia.com.au/index.php?c=5&sc=5&pid=120&bvm=bv.104615367,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNH3KUNhYNM6EkepkivGgXt-_jtyoQ&ust=1444308305329412

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiukMOn3OrKAhUjOJoKHUUiBBMQjRwIBw&url=http://www.flaticon.com/free-icon/co2-inside-cloud_62832&psig=AFQjCNGr4fq2iNCCMglEQsNKlCu7PEjv3A&ust=1455108649575777

https://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjSur3XutHLAhXBdpoKHW2mB7IQjRwIBw&url=https://www.bristolstreet.co.uk/new-car/211634/renault-zoe-expression-nav-5dr-auto-electric-hatchback/&bvm=bv.117218890,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNHRT46EmDsBGFMS3MTtogfhGYnmYA&ust=1458638679409250

https://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwie8cydwdHLAhWJQpoKHQN8C7UQjRwIBw&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cm0qaXi9THA&psig=AFQjCNHza5KKsK_6nGVHq9x4XHpiS7I6QA&ust=1458640438101201

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiKza6mwdHLAhXECpoKHXgHAp4QjRwIBw&url=http://blog.subsekt.com/2012/06/can-i-touch-the-sound-analog-versus-digital-sound/&psig=AFQjCNHza5KKsK_6nGVHq9x4XHpiS7I6QA&ust=1458640438101201

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi346fbwdHLAhVkD5oKHR1nCZ4QjRwIBw&url=http://www.thinkstockphotos.co.uk/image/stock-illustration-cloud-icon-foe-web-design/148152184&bvm=bv.117218890,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNH3Z7zXRTO_q2mWqq-e0RBHUXQzdw&ust=1458640564328236

Operation slowly moving forward…

12%

6%

19%

1% 1%

27% 0%

1% 2%

3%

3%

19%

6%

2015 fuel consumption - a CO2 indicator

Diverse

Entreprenørmaskiner (KMC)

Fejemaskiner, store

Græsklipper

Grave- læssemaskiner

Lastvogne > 3500 kg

Minibusser < 3.500 kg

Minitraktorer, Redskabsbærere

Personbiler

Traktorer

Vans

Varevogne < 3.500 kg

Varevogne, komprimator

Crucial view of the actual/

expected hurdles and gains

for each driveline and fuel solution

• Matureness of driveline?

• Infrastructure geography placements vs. investment needed ?

• Expected cost of driveline and after sale price ?

• Operation costs (fuel and service) ?

• Ensure easier fleet management?

• Range needed / winter operation issues ?

• Iddle usage that leads to NOX og PM focus ?

• Value change emissions (WtW) of CO2 and NOX ?

• Pilots for un-proven solutions (drivelines/fuels)

• New tender focal points (clean Vehicle Directive/emission impact)

• Joint procurement + Cross Boarder Joint Procurement can gain crucial

knowledge on how to encrease volume on a small volume market

Tender focus on WtW CO2

(well to wheel - alternative fuels)

Biogas Power

Diesel &

gasolin

e

HV

O d

iese

l B

attery electric

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCLjRzp6_08gCFQcDcwodEoAM4Q&url=http://m.inmagine.com/image-tt4000439-White-windmill.html&bvm=bv.105454873,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNHp698ViTLA32QcfJsbxW2LyYPEwA&ust=1445514463632750

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCITErq-_08gCFUX-cgodK2sNOA&url=http://www.solar-academy.com/menu_detay.asp?id=29&sayfa=39&bvm=bv.105454873,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNE2uEXbr4uBXhFcfzWttL6hmBA96Q&ust=1445514520642103

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCKmjh4vL08gCFcKKLAodgbwHyQ&url=http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-hand-woman-holding-coal-lump-white-background-image34873791&bvm=bv.105454873,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNH-LSeYH3hyEX9gRqJy2mQo6dU4kA&ust=1445517493867328

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjeod_izu_KAhXKbZoKHZDMDlMQjRwIBw&url=http://www.bimmerfile.com/2013/06/18/bmw-gm-engineers-complete-testing-on-dc-fast-charge-station-usage/&bvm=bv.113943164,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNHbUhRdBNmJ0xmCb-9TiFsVaoYMHw&ust=1455276789430502

Costs & emissions of different

driveline/fuels vs. diesel

- A generic overview based on VW and Mercedes Minitrucks -

* 10.000 KM/year All well to wheel CO2 emission

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjDreP07obNAhXFDywKHaV1BKUQjRwIBw&url=http://www.topspeed.com/trucks/truck-reviews/volkswagen/2010-volkswagen-transporter-chassis-cab-ar127291.html&bvm=bv.123325700,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNF7vmWMu4I9jSwP3YQ5t8lWHbLKUA&ust=1464871753529767

Recommendations for the choice of drivelines

- Based on our own needs/requirements

HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Biogas (CBG) *

(gasoline engine)

Retrofit:

Battery electric (BEV)

or Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


Fuel cell (FCEV)

+ Range Extender

(REEV) with fuel cell

og conventional

engine (H2 or

GTL/HVO or

methanol)

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Dynamic overview – to be up-dated

2024 2025

CPH – procurement of drivelines

and fuels over time…

*65-75 kg gas pr. 100 km in winter operation using PTO for salt spread. Available gas tank 128 kg gas with standard setting = 170 km winter range !

Large trucks for winter usage + long hours

Small/medium sized trucks + short range + good tanking logistics !

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj1lObDyOvPAhVoIJoKHQHFAJIQjRwIBw&url=http://www.studiomango.nl/portfolio-items/emoss-electric-man-truck/&psig=AFQjCNFWQcCj-NK3HlH-Jse3hDmRA4bK6A&ust=1477127932871244



HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwji8rrLuNzOAhWFZpoKHXsuA8gQjRwIBw&url=http://exhibitors.ifat.de/nc/en/exhibitors-products/exhibitors/exhibitors-details-link/action/detail/controller/Exhibitors/knr/1-5J2QRN/&psig=AFQjCNHffO59kA6jO7PLPoBFbhl2QYbAhg&ust=1472210200320363



HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjDreP07obNAhXFDywKHaV1BKUQjRwIBw&url=http://www.topspeed.com/trucks/truck-reviews/volkswagen/2010-volkswagen-transporter-chassis-cab-ar127291.html&bvm=bv.123325700,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNF7vmWMu4I9jSwP3YQ5t8lWHbLKUA&ust=1464871753529767

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiSwZ798IbNAhWLlCwKHVWsDSMQjRwIBw&url=http://auto-database.com/images/volkswagen-crafter-2015-pictures-39323.jpg.html&bvm=bv.123325700,d.bGg&psig=AFQjCNEF-iEbEcYwCMKXqT_W-Q-rS9VfqQ&ust=1464872368867179



HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

FCEV + Range

Extender (REEV) with

fuel cell (H2 or

methanol)

https://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiK0cOZvNzOAhUjOJoKHRplAbsQjRwIBw&url=https://www.bristolstreet.co.uk/new-car/210993/nissan-e-nv200-acenta-rapid-plus-flex-5dr-auto-7-seat-electric-estate/&bvm=bv.130731782,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNEDilnteFgP-f9OgF1J8GHONishuA&ust=1472211185817759

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjjv4Dvu9zOAhVFMJoKHY5BC6QQjRwIBw&url=http://www.minibus.ltd.uk/renault-trafic-minibuses/&psig=AFQjCNFqWiimSdiQeK3RVHYX3TlJvov_gg&ust=1472211098927369



Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

FCEV + Range

Extender (REEV) with

fuel cell (H2 or

methanol)

Battery development vs range

- passenger cars

160 210 250

400 500

600

1100

Mit

sub

ish

i iM

iev

Ren

ault

Zo

e 1

gen

Nis

san

Lea

f II

I

Ren

ault

Zo

e II

Op

el A

mp

era

e

Nis

san

/Ren

ault

/VW

Hyu

nd

ai/V

W/M

erce

des

(s

olid

sta

te)…

2010 2011 2016 2017 2018 2020 +2022

KM NEDC range (new unkown)



HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwij6Mq389HLAhVqD5oKHYvSBJ8QjRwIBw&url=http://dinby.dk/odense-c/graesklipper-til-professionelt-brug&psig=AFQjCNGxjLiAHQeYZt7nIV3twIUfNuOZKQ&ust=1458653918042172



HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)


2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025



HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)

Retrofit:

Bio methanol

(gasoline engine)

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

Fuel cell (FCEV)

+ Range Extender

(REEV) with fuel cell

(H2 or methanol)

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwim9IKp1dzOAhVJEpoKHU6yC1EQjRwIBw&url=http://www.directindustry.com/prod/volvo-construction-equipment/product-20174-1070927.html&psig=AFQjCNHa5pl3QFXTU4skLFrxQlQigumc5Q&ust=1472217926130880

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjNo5C_1tzOAhXGNJoKHdw3BagQjRwIBw&url=http://www.ep.dk/maskiner/asfaltudlaeggere/asfaltudlaeggere-paa-baand/fs10007009-dynapac-sd2550cs-asfaltudlaegger&psig=AFQjCNGqJTDT9F7lkuh7A0QVFN0ZLEyHPA&ust=1472218245589985

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiK_f6i19zOAhXBIpoKHTdpA8IQjRwIBw&url=http://www.ep.dk/maskiner/fraesere&psig=AFQjCNHQWbxUUU2bja_CwPOqkccf6uKLBg&ust=1472218444884705

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi-s7iI1dzOAhVLCpoKHZZhAHIQjRwIBw&url=http://www.abomar.com/products/tractors/john-deere-5045-d-4wd&bvm=bv.130731782,d.bGs&psig=AFQjCNHxU5n9M0mgNrghY9K4CAUxlQPd6Q&ust=1472217837901720

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjE97in1tzOAhUnQJoKHcFwBmwQjRwIBw&url=http://www.armac.com.br/equipamentos/escavadeira-volvo-ec220d/&psig=AFQjCNF5sRU6oV1zsH8FSzfYfe9CLk52Hw&ust=1472218186959825

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

Recommendation of where to go…

an overview of all categories!

HVO or GTL

(diesel engine)


Fuel cell (FCEV)

+ Range Extender

HEAVY DUTY

VEHICLES

Biogas (CNG)

LIGHT DUTY

VEHICLES

LIGHT DUTY

MACHINES

HEAVY DUTY

MACHINES

Planning is needed…

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023


2024 2025

Most efficient

solutions by + 2020

Registration and data

gathering for entire fleet

+ centralized procurement and

ownership and service

Pilots done! GTL

Natural gas based diesel replacement fuel

Reducing: NOX by 12 % and PM by 32 % – no CO2 reduction

Additional reductions:

• Illimination of large particles and aromatics

• Nearly no smell

• No loss of power or cold start problems

• Especially good for reducing PM

when engine is iddling

Coming pilots

CO2 reducing/green methanol for vehicles and machines

Producing methanol from CO2 and renewable power sources

Using green methanol in gasoline/gas engines

Reducing both CO2, NOX and PM

Potential:

• Global fuel – local production

• Danish technology

• A temporary technology?

New generation of engines...

Getting the politician to decide…

• Operation with limited economy – heavy investments are needed...

• A political position paper is necessary

• Result...?

Joint Procurement…

Focus

• Lower price for new and alternative technologies

• Let the market know where we and other municipalities are

Joint procurement

• National network of 20 municipalities on the procurement of BEVs,

PHEVs and FCEVs

Cross boarder joint procurement

• CNCA (Stockholm, Oslo and Copenhagen) procurement of wheel loaders

• Sharing of operation data; tender experiences; business cases

• Promoting the solutions towards entrepreneurs and rental companies

• Coming Scandinavian procurement network

• Setting the same demands on WtW: CO2, NOX, TCO…?

Learnings…

• Holistic approach is needed

• Traditional methods don’t work

• Engage stakeholders (users/local, national and international)

• Open up for innovation

• Engage with partnerships/network

• Demonstrate it – show it!

Comments/Feedback?

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